Kinney Coates

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Biographies of Notable Americans^ 1904 About this database
Viewing record 1 of 1 match for: ^ Entries on 30,000 significant American?
/Nu:^ ^l^th century to the close of the 19th centu
Coates Kinney In Ohio More information below
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The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans: Volume VI
K,
Kinney, John Fitch
KINNEY, Coates, poet/ was bom at Kinney's-CornerS/ near Penn-Yah, Yates county, N.Y./ Nov. 24, It
Giles and Myra (Cornell) Kinney, and grandson of Stephen and Rebecca (Coates) Kinney and of Samu
(Darrow) Cornell. He removed with his parents to Ohio in 1840, and was a student at Antioch college.
Springs, Ohio, but was not graduated. He was admitted to the Cincinnati bar in 1856, and practised ur
when he entered journalism, serving as editor of the Xenia Torchlight, the Cincinnati Dally Times, the (
Journal, and the Springfield Dally Republic. He was made paymaster In the U.S. volunteer army with tl
major In 1861, and was mustered out with the commission of brevet lieutenant-colonel of volunteers li
was a delegate to the Republican national convention in 1868, and secretary of the Ohio delegation; ar
senator In the Ohio legislature from the fifth district, 1882-83. He Is the author of: Ke-u-ka and Other
(1855); Lyrics of the Ideal and the Real (1888); Mists of Fire and Some Eclogs (1899). His best known
Rain on the Roof.
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With more than thirty thousand entries, this encyclopedia of important Americans spans the history of
from the first arrivals in the 17th Century through the end of the 19th Century. Rich In detail, each ent
a short family history and a record of the important accomplishments of the individual.
Source Information:
Ancestry.com. Biographies of Notable Americans, 1904 [database online]. Orem, UT: MyFamliy.com, Ii
Original data: Johnson, Rossiter, ed. Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans.
X. Boston, MA: The Biographical Society, 1904.
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1KEYWORD Kinney, coates
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Author Venable. William Henrv. 1836-1920
Title Coates Kinney : biographical
Publish info [n.p.: 1938?]
LilDrary
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Cincinnati Books
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PS3119.V7C6 LIB USE ONLY
Descrlpt'n 3 p.l., 21 numb.!., 1 1., 20 numb.l; 29 cm
Note Typewritten (carbon copy)
Contents Coates Kinney; pages from an uncompleted sketch by William
Henry Venable.- Autobiographical sketch by Coates Kinney
Subjects Coates-Klnney. 1826-1904
LC NO PS3119.V7 C6
OCLC# 7009339
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MARY L. COOK PUBUC liRRARY
OLO stage
WATNESVUJLE, OHIO 45068
513/897-4826
http://olcl.ohiolink.edu/search/XKiimey,+coates&SORT=D/XKiimey,+coates&SORT=D/... 4/25/2004
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;KEYWORD jj Kinney, coates
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Author Venable. William Henrv. 1836-1920
Title Letters from the correspondence of William Henry Venable
and Coates Kinney, 1881-1903
Publish info [Los Angeles, 1947]
REQUEST THIS ITEM
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ARB Rare PS3119.V7Z51
Books
lSittSE3ils1
LIB USE ONLY
Descript'n
Note
Subject
Alt name
LC NO
OGLC#
[107] 1. 29 cm
In slip case
Typewritten copy
Old Book List - United States ~ Los Angeles
Coates-Klnney. 1826-1904
PS3119.V7 Z52
7009312
-1947-
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http://olc1.ohiolmk.edu/search/XKiiiney,+coates&SORT=D/XKiimey,+coates&SORT=D/... 4/25/2004
KINNEY INFORMATION
Index to Early Tax Rolls
Town of Jerusalem, Ontario County NY
1792,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820 & 1821
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/ierindex.htm
Kinney Giles 1820
Kinney Giles 1821
Kinney Isaac 1816
Kinney Mc James 1818
Kinney Platt 1818
Kinney Platt 1819
Kinny Giles 1819
Early Tax Rolls
Town of Jerusalem, Ontario Co., NY
1816
Assessment Roll of the Real and personal Estate in the Town of Jerusalemin the County of Ontario made the
first day of June in the Year of our Lord one Thousand Eight Hundred & Sixteen according to the directions
of the Act entitled "An Act for the assessment and collection of Taxes" by us the subscribers assessors of said
Tovm.
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historiaii/Jerl816.htm
Names of
Possessors
Remarks by
Assessors
BCinney, Isaac DD
Description of
Real Estate
Amount of
Real Estate
Amount of
personal
Estate
294
Total, Real and
Personal Estate
294
Tax to be
paid thereon
1.13
Early Tax Rolls
1820
ASSESSMENT ROLL, ofthe Real and Personal Estate in the Town of Jerusalem in the County of Ontario,
made the fourteenth day ofJune in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and Twenty according to
the Act entitled "An act for the Assessment and Collection of Taxes," by us the subscribers, Assessors of said
Town.
http;//www. vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/Jer1820.htm
Names of
Possessors
Remarks by
Assessors
Kinney, Giles
Description of
Real Estate
Amount of
Real Estate
830
Amount of
Personal
Estate
Total, Real and
Personal Estate
830
Tax to be
paid
thereon
2.95
Early Tax Rolls
1821
ASSESSMENT ROLL, of the Real and Personal Estate in the Town of Jerusalem in the County of
ONTARIO, made the twelfth day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty one
according to the Act entitled "An act for the Assessment and Collection of Taxes," by us the subscribers,
Assessors of said Town.
y Oso
http://www.vatescoimtv.org/upload/12/historian/Jerl 821.htm
Names of
Possessors
Kinney, Giles
Remarks by
Assessors
Description of
Real Estate
Amount of
Real Estate
800
Amount of
Personal
Estate
Total, Real and Tax to be
Personal Estate paid thereon
800
TOWN OF STARKEY 1850
Index
http://www.vatescountv.0rg/upload/12/historian/l 850sta.htm
Kinney Catharine 247
Kinney Catharine 470
Kinney Charles 247
Kinney Daniel 247
Kinney Eliza A 247
Kinney Elizabeth 470
Kinney Elizabeth 470
Kinney Henry 470
Kinney Irene 247
Kinney Mahala 470
Kinney Mariah 470
Kinney Marinda 247
Kinney Philip 247
Kinney Sharlot A 247
Kinney William 470
Stafford Canning Cleveland
History & Directory of Yates County NY (1873)
Name Index: K-L
httD://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/YATES-KL.htm
Kinney/ Albert 511
Kinney, Almira (Barnes) 130-31
Kinney, Andrew G. 511
Kinney, Burton 511
Kinney, Candace 98
Kinney, Charles 131, 511
Kinney, Coates 511-12
Kinney, Cyrus 313
Kinney, Elias 380
Kinney, Eliza 511
Kinney, Eliza (McGonegal) 131
Kinney, Elizabeth 131
Kinney, Elizabeth ( ) 84,
95, 479, 785
Kinney, Elsie 313
Kinney, Emeline 511
Kinney, Ephraim 95, 132,
479, 882
Kinney, Ephraim, Sr. 84
Kinney, Eunice 98
Kinney, Frances 511
Kinney, George 511
3.07
Kinney, Giles 511-12, 566, 574
Kinney, Helen 511
Kinney, Henry 131
Kinney, Isaac 95, 479, 578, 785
Kinney, James 131
Kinney, Jane 131
Kinney, John 511
Kinney, John C. 511
Kinney, Jonathan 130
Kinney, Lester B. 511
Kinney, Mary 95, 224, 479
Kinney, Mary (Dains) 132, 479
Kinney, Mary G. 511
Kinney, Matilda (Meserole) 313
Kinney, Melancthon 131
Kinney, Mercy (Bates) 479, 785
Kinney, Mira (Cornell) 511
Kinney, Peter 130
Kinney, Platt 545
Kinney, Polly (Burton) 511
Kinney, Rebecca 511
Kinney, Samuel 95, 131, 479
Kinney, Sarah A. 511
Kinney, Silas 313
Kinney, Statira 479
Kinney, Stephen 511, 566
Kinney, William J. 411
Kinney, (Coates) 511
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/others.hlml
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/transmit.htm
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/jer.htm
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/pennvan.htm
Town of Jerusalem Minute Book 1
1799-1868
Name Index D - K
http://www.vatescountv.org/upioad/l2/historian/iermindk.htm
Kinney Giles, 71, 75, 78, 82, 92, 96, 111, 116, 119, 125, 128, 129, 132, 133, 135, 136; Stephen, 68,72, 75,
79, 83
Town of Jerusalem
Record of Roads 1798 -1820
Index D - K
http://www.vatescountv.org/upload/12/historian/ierrd dk.htm
Kinney: Giles, 60, 79; Platt, 62; Samuel, 24; Stephen, 60; WilliamJ, 75
Kinney's: Giles, Inn, 66, 73
Yates County Genealogical & Historical Society at 200 Main Street. In Penn Yan, NY
Yates CountyGenealogical & HistoricalSociety,200 MainSt., Penn YanNY 14527
(sent an email Monday, April 19,2004)
Penn Yan Public Library, 214 Main St., Penn Yan NY 14527(sent an email Monday,
April 19,2004)
Yates CountyHistorian(sent an email Monday, April 19,2004)
Local Historian Village ofPenn Yan: Fran Dumas, 3 Maiden Lane, Penn Yan NY
14527 (Will contact ifdo not hear from sources above)
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p 1. Papers 1840-1953
chwii Venable, Dolores Cameron
feeofs Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
Curtis, George William
Farney, Henry P., 1847-1916.
Phillips, Wendell
Mendenhall, Thomas 0. (Thomas Corwin), 1841-1924.
Curry, W. L. (William Leontes), b. 1839.
Bennett, Emerson, 1822-1905.
HIne, Lucius Alonzo
Buntllne, Ned
George, Henry
RIley, James Whitcomb
Conway, Moncure Daniel, 1832-1907.
Howe, Henry, 1816-1893.
Rice, Harvey
King, Rufus
Boynton, Henry V. (Henry Van), 1835-1905
Lloyd, John Url
Clemens, Samuel Langhome, 1835-1910.
Venable, William Henry, 1836-1920.
Bennett, John
Goss, Charles Frederick
Jewett, John Brown
Thomas, Edith Matilda
Thwaltes, Reuben Gold, 1853-1913
Coates-Klnney, 1826-1904.
Russell, A. P. (Addlson Peale), 1826-1912.
Gallagher, William D.
Platt, John James
Platt, Sarah M. B. (Sarah Morgan Bryan), 1836-1919
Howells, William Dean
Date: 1840-1953
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r 2. Mists of fire; a trilogy and some eclogs, by Coates Kinney.
chttk Coates-Klnney, 1826-1904.
Date: 1899.
Call#:
MSS
127
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p 3. Lyrics of the ideal and the real / by Coates Kinney,
ehwx Coates-Klnney, 1826-1904.
Date: c1887.
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p 4. Lyrics of the ideal and the real / by Coates Kinney.
cheefc Coates-Klnney, 1826-1904.
Date: c1887.
OHS
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, . Venable
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p 5. Genius of the west: a magazine of western Ijterature.
ehii Coates-Kinney, 1826-1904. ed.
coggeshall, WilliamTurner, 1824-1867. ed.
Date: 1853-1856]
Call#:
Venable
30
Call#:
V811
K623i
Call#:
Location: OHS Archives/Library Shelving: Stacks Call#: 051 G287
p 6. Keeuka, and other poems. By Coates-Kinney.
ehh Coates-Kinney, 1826-1904.
Date: 1855.
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p 7. Keeuka, and other poems. By Coates-Kinney.
eh* Coates-Kinney. 1826-1904.
Date; 1855.
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p 8. Papers, 1899 Dec. 20
ehk Coates-Klnney, 1826-1904.
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Kinney, Coates
Papers, 1899 December 20
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|SUBJECT jJ |Coates-Kinney, 1826-1904. jView Entire Collection^ 3 Search |
Author Coates-Kinney, 1826-1904.
Title Selected poems. [Selected and printed by ... Lestra Kinney Kenyon.
Pub info n. p.] 1927.
LOCATION CALL# STATUS
Greene County Room [Gr.Co.Rm] 811 Ki LIB USE ONLY
Greene County Room 811 Ki LIB USE ONLY
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74 p. 18 cm.
Kenyon. Lestra Kinney.
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Name: Kinney, Coates
Title: Idols and Ideals
Cincinnati, OH
Publication:
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1901
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Title:
Kinney, Coates
Selfishness; Or, Plaintiff and
Defendant
Place of . ..
... Cincinnati, OH
Publication:
Publisher: A. Moore
Year: 1855
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Name:
Title:
Kinney, Coates
The Official Railroad-Pass:
Speech of Coates Kinney in
the Ohio Senate, March 29,
1882
Place of Columbus, OH
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Year:
Hann and Adair
1882
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MacNeilan. Debora May
An interpretation of the life and poetry of Coates Kinney, by Debora May
MacNeilan
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88 p. illus. 24 cm
Bibliography: p. 86-88
Coates-Kinney_,J_826-1904
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1 r Keeuka, and other poems. / By Coates-Kinney
1855
2 r Lyrics of the ideal and the real
1887
3 r Mists of fire; a trilogy and some eclogs, / by Coates Kiimey
1899
4 r Selected poems of CoatesKinney. / [Selected and printed by ... LestraKinney Kenyon
1927
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Author Coates-Kinney. 1826-1904.
Title Selected poems. [Selected and printed by... Lestra KInney
Kenyon.
Publish info n. p.] 1927.
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Author Coates-Kinney. 1826-1904
Title Mists of fire; a trilogy and some eciogs, by Coates Kinney
Publish info Chicago, New York, Rand, McNally, 1899
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vi, [7]-233 p. front, (port.) 20 cm
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Newspaper clipping relating to the author tipped in on p. [iv]
Old Book List - United States - Chicago - 1899
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Corp author Western Association of Writers. General Meeting (6th : 1891
July 6-10 : Eagle Lake. Warsaw. Ind.)
Title Sayings and doings of the sixth general meeting : held at
Eagie Lake, Warsaw, Ind., July 6 to 10,18911 published by
W.A.W
Publish info Cincinnati: The Jones Brothers Publishing Company, 1891,
01892
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300, [2] p., [10] leaves of plates : ill.; 20 cm
"Cover design by Mrs. E.S.L. Thompson"-T.p. verso
Contains contribution by Coates Kinney, W.H. Venable,
Madison Cawein, James Whitcomb Riley, Meredith Nicholson,
John J. Piatt, Will W. Pfrimmer, [et. al.]
Authors. American - Congresses
Coates-Kinney. 1826-1904
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Venable. William Henrv. 1836-1920
Cawein. Madison Julius. 1865-1914
Riiev. James Whitcomb. 1849-1916
Nichoison. Meredith. 1866-1947
Piatt. John James. 1835-1917
Pfrimmer. Wiil W. (Will Wood). 1856-1935
Pfrimmer. Will W. (Will Wood). 1856-1935. signer
in-gathering of sketches, essays, poems, by western writers
in-gathering W.A.W
PS7 .W4 1891
20878887
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Title Lyrics of the Ideal and the real
Publish info [Xenia? Ohio, 1887]
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2835524
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KEYWORD Q Kinney, coates
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Title Keeuka, and other poems. By Coates-Kinney
Publish info [Cincinnati] The author, 1855
Edition Private ed
lJ
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LC NO PS2179.K5 K4
PS2179.K5K4 1855
OCLC# 4558368
Isn/std # 0508678
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KEYWORD ^ Kinney, coates
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Author Coates-Kfnney. 1826-1904
Title The official raiiroad-pass : speech of Coates Kinney in the
Ohio Senate, March 29,1882
Publish info Columbus, O.: Hann & Adair, 1882
Library
Bowling
Green
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Locatleh -^ Version;!Holdings x
Hayes Pres KF9409 .062 1882
Center
NON-CIRC
-- -q
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, "3
Descript'n 24 p.; 22 cm
Note Cover title
Subjects Railroads - Tickets - Law and legislation - United States -
Speeches in Congress
Political corruption -- Law and legislation - United States -
Speeches in Congress
Legislators - United States - Speeches in Congress
Other titles Bill to prohibit unjust discrimination in favor of persons in public
employment traveling on railroads
LONG KF9409 .062 1882
OCLC # 38584429
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John Brown; poem
Author(s):
Kinney, Coates, 1826-
Citations:
Arena
18(July, 1897):125
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Cumulative Index to a Selected List ofPeriodicals; 1896-1899
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Vol. 40, pg 650, Ohio History
OHIO HISTORY
WELCOME
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Volume 40
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REVIEWS, NOTES AND COMMENTS
BY THE EDITOR
APPRECIATION OF MISS MACNEILAN'S
AN INTERPRETATION OF THE LIFE AND POETRY
OF COATES KINNEY.
An Interpretation ofthe Life and Poetry ofCoates
Kinney. By Debora M. MacNeilan. (Columbus: Ohio
State Archaeological and Historical Society. 1931. pp.
88. Cloth $1.00; paper 50 cents.)
No publication of The Ohio State Archaeological and
Historical Society in recent years has been followed
more promptly by appreciative comment from the press
than Miss MacNeilan's work entitled An Interpretation
ofthe Life and Poetry ofCoates Kinney. It was issued
from the press early last April and its reception clearly
indicated that perhaps the Society has been neglecting
somewhat the literary achievement of the state. Emi
nence in statesmanship and war and growth in wealth
and population naturally afford the themes of major im
portance. Literary progress, however, helps to build and
sustain the state and contributes much to education
and progress. In fact, a state's attainments in literary
culture is a safe index to its educational progress.
Among the poets who have made material contribu
tions to Ohio is Coates Kinney. Without entering upon
any account of his life or criticism of his literary woric
we shall here reproduce some estimates ofboth and their
portrayal by Miss MacNeilan, as expressed in reviews
from the Ohio press.
(650)
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Reviews, Notes and Comments 651
Find An Error?
The Ohio State Journal, which Coates Kinney at one
time edited, on April 20 published an extended apprecia
tion with a front page portrait of Miss MacNeilan.
From this we make the following quotations:
An interpretative biographypavingthe wayto a broader
knowledge andjust appreciation of Ohio literaturehas been
writtenby Miss Debora M. MacNeilan, 402 E. LaneAve.
It is titled An Interpretation of the Life and Poetry of
CoatesKinney, andhas beenpublished in book form bythe
Ohio State Historical Society.
The biography of Kinney, soldier, poeLeditor and lawyer,
was writtenby Miss MacNeilanas her thesis for a master of
arts degree, whichwas awardedher at Ohio State University
last August.
Kinney, whom the authorpictures as "representative of a
groupof Ohio poets whose poetryis national in its scope and
influence," was an editorial writer ofThe Ohio State Journal
in 1877and 1878, while Gen. Comly was in Hawaii.
Kinney, MissMacNeilan declares, "hadthe poet'sall-seeing
eye, for beyondthe appearanceof things he sawthe reality,"
and he chose immortality as the theme of his life, which was "a
life of thinking, a life in the direction of truth."
"Becauseof his great theme, death," she wrote, "his poetry
has a melancholy tonewhichis kept sweetbythe voiceof hope
singing throughouLnow faintly, nowtriumphantly.
"But the future is not far off when men will realize the
greatnessof Coates Kinney. Nowhe belongs to Ohio, but ul
timately he will belong to the world for all time."
Throughout the book, the author brings in the various works
of Kinneyas they apply to the high points in his life.
Among themis Kirmey's popular lyric, "Rainon the Roof,"
which brought him fame in 1849. It tells of his first sweetheart
in Springboro, WarrenCounty, Ohio, whither Kinneymoved
withhis parentsfromhis birthplacein Yates County, N. Y., in
his fourteenth year.
"The Poem,"to quote Miss MacNeilan,"touchedthe heart
stringsof America; infact it vibrated so perfectly withthe
homelyexperienceof all that it soon becamethe propertyof all."
"Kapnisma" sheratedas Kinney's masterpiece. Inthis poem
as well as "Pessim and Optim" and "A Keen Swift SpiriL"
Miss MacNeilan found Kinney "reasons his problem in terms of
evolutionary pantheism."
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652 Ohio Arch, and Hist. Society Publications
Mr. Thomas Emmett Moore in the Cincinnati En
quirer of April 18, says:
A critical estimate of one of America's greatest poets has just
been published bytheOhio State Archaeological andHistorical
Society. It is a pioneer venture inthe revival, andfirmer crystal-
ization, of the fame of the later nineteenth-century poets of Cin
cinnati and the Middle West. This movement, which has the
approval and encouragement oftheOhio State University, and of
everyfriend of the vast cultural development which found in
Cincinnati its crux and center, should be supported by the gen
eral public with enthusiasm.
This revival has come in the form of a critical biography en
titledAnInterpretation ofthe Lifeand Poetry of Coates Kin-
ney, written as a master's thesisbyDeboraMayMacNeilan, a
graduate student intheEnglish department of Ohio State Uni
versity.
The author shows force-she is at one with the dreamer's
thinking concerning the problems of death, love, science, nature
withthe compelling principles of the poet'slife,the thoughtwhich
urgedhis thinking intoeternal motion.
Onlya woman's intuition coulddo that, balanced by literary
judgment, fidelity and finishedcritical sense.
Miss MacNeilanis both philosopherand devoteeat the shrine
ofgenius. So, after 27years, Coates Kinney's "little boatasleep"
fixes its uninterrupted course, guidedby a knowing, understand
ing pilot.
It well maybethat this venture of the OhioArchaeological
Society is prophetic of literary largessyet to come, andthat the
grand group famous inCincinnati andtheNation at thattime, in
cluding the Caiysisters, William RainesLytle,William Henry
Venable, John James Piatt, WilliamDean Howellsand Edith
Thomas, may find as able and sympatheticchroniclersas the gifted
author of the brochure dedicated to Coates Kinney.
It is, of course, true that this author enjoyed a distinct and
distinctiveadvantagein beingthe first to make availablethe bio
graphical andotherdata inthe possession of Professor Emerson
Venable, Colonel Kinney's neophyte, intimate friend and literary
executor, whose interest in the "classic era" of Middle Western
poetry andliterary effort hasmade him oneof thebestsources of
information concerningan illuminate period; a rich inheritance
indeed.
Mr. Galbreath and the Ohio State University are to be con-
PRI-VIOUS PAGH
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The Scholarly Journal of the Ohio Historical Socioty
Volume 40
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Reviews. Notes and Comments 653
gratulaledand encouragedin their effort to keep alive the in
terest of a monumental time in this section.
The Columbus Evening Dispatch of April 28 con
tains the following estimate:
THE COAXES KINNEY BIOGRAPHY
An interpretative biography of the late Coates Kinney, poet
and editor, written as a thesis for graduation by a graduate
student of the State university last year, and published by the
Stale Archaeological and Historical society, cites a number of
poems by this author which it is claimedforma basis upon which
to rest his reputationas a poet moresubstantial than that by which
he is best known~"Rain on the Roof."
The writer of the biography is qualified to form literary
judgment and her estimateof someofthe less knownpoems of
Colonel Kinneyis no doubt correct, but "Rain on the Roof is
written in the vein of the common people, deals with their cus
toms, and through it runs the hometheme whichhas a special
appeal to our people. In their opinionthis will continueto be his
masterpiece, andhis nameandthe nameof this poem will be
inseparably linked in their minds.
Ohio has had quite a number of minor poets and it would be
a fine thing if others could be madethe subjectsof similar studies
on the part of graduate students in arts. The State Archaeological
and Historical society has done a good service in lending its aid
and publicationfacilitiesto the bringingout of this biographyof
one of Ohio's best known literary men.
The same paper in its review of May 10 adds:
Could Coates Kinney read this eulogy of his life and work,
he would, no doubf be gratified. If not adequately discriminat
ing, it is sympathetic and properlyappreciativeof the fine spirit
which, through most of his 78 years, struggled for expression.
His life belongs to the last three-quarters of the nineteenth cen
tury. He was bom in NewYork state in 1826, and came withhis
father's family to Ohio in 1840. As a boy he had lived near to
Nature in one of the beauty spots of earth, acquiring a love of
Nature which influenced him throughout his later years.
While working in a sawmill in Warren county he tried his
hand at poetry, which his brother laughed at; when in love and
at school, he wrote poetry, as he did also while he was teaching.
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studying lawin Lebanon, serving as editorin Xenia, WestLib
erty, Springfieldand Cincinnati; as a soldier in the Civil war; or
as a senator in the Ohio legislature. He wrote much, largely neces
sarily in prose, and spoke eloquentlyin public, but his special
delict was to give to his fancy the wings ofmeter.
Critics have spokenin highpraise of this lovedworkof his,
but the common people have given him fame for but one of his
lyrics. "RainOn the Roof," a tender melancholy poem which
touched the hearts of people far and near, was set to music and
abidesyet in the memoryof manywho are living. He wrote the
ode for the Ohio centennial-which was held in Columbus in
notable production but chiseledtoo fine to reachthe
popular heart. Andthat is, perhaps, the criticism is to bepassed
on most of his poetry. He ranks with Piatt and Venable, Curry
and Gallagher in refinementof thought and beautyof expression
buLlike them, he, for the most part, failed to write that which
reached the heart and is cherished in the memory.
As far as the common people are concemed, Coates Kinney,
like Julia Ward Howe, is loved for a single poem. His was writ
ten after listening, one nighLto the patter of the rain on the roof
of the farmhouse near Xenia, in which the family had once lived.
For that poem and the story of iLthis study by Miss Mac-
Neilan would be well worth while. But there is more in Coates
Kinney'slife and strugglesand character that are well worth
knowing, and the facts are here well reviewed. The brochure
belongsproperlyin every libraryof Ohioana.
Of Miss MacNeilan's book, Mr. Clark B. Firestone,
in the Cincinnati Times Star of June 23, writes as fol
lows:
Of a philosophical poembyCoatesKinney, William Dean
Howells wrote: "It is a late-coming of one who has lingered long
in the repute won himby a single charminglyric." The lyric
was "Rain on the Roof." Half a century ago, eveiybody who
knewany poetrycouldquote a goodlynumber of the lines. They
gave the author a country-wide reputation.
Bom in New York in 1826, but removing with his parents to
Ohioat an early age, Coates Kinneylived an interestingandvar
ied life. He studied law under Thomas Corwin and was ad
mitted to the bar in Cincinnati. He edited a monthly literary mag
azine. Like Longfellow, Whittierand other Americanpoets of
the time, he composeda long metrical narrativeabout the Indians.
He served behind the lines in the Civil War and came out as
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brevet lieutenantcolonel. For two years he was leadingeditorial
writer on the Cincinnati Times, and therefore is of the Times-
Star family He was a fiery and stirringspeaker, servingin the
Ohio Senate. He died in 1904.
Inher interpretation. MissMacNeilan well says; "Words were
a constant challengeto him. In his poem, 'The Thought and the
Word,' he disclosesthe struggle betweenThought, the soaring
eagle, and Word, the creeping serpent-a fight in which the eagle,
risingheavenward withthe snake, is suddenly broughtlowby
the strangling serpent. But a consciousness of the forceand
beauty of wordsmade hima true adept intheir use." One illus
tration of many is his poem, to his baby daughter, whose voice was
as a bird's "makingsweet little speecheswithout any words." A
fine stanza from another lyric is the following:
"My soul was a gloomthat had blottedheaven;
And thine was a fine ascending fire
That streamed it through with a luminous leaven
Of hope of morningand day's desire,"
Like his own old apple tree, his was "the grace of blossoms
fruiting intogold."Thefriendship between himandWilliam
HenryVenable-Emerson Venableis Kinney's literaryexecutor-
wasan inspiring spiritual comradeship. The poet'slongest work,
"Mistsof Fire," brought out in his old age, had for its theme the
immortality of the soul, and the trenchant thought in it antici
patedmodemconclusions. Moremusical thanthis, however, and
more hauntingeventhan "Rainon the Roofor so the reviewer
thinks-are the lines called "Emma Stuart." The fust three and
the last of the six stanzas are reprinted here:
"0 the voices of the crickets,
Chirping sad along the lea.
Seem the very tears of music
Unto melancholy me;
And the katydids' responses
From among tlie locust leaves
Are the weak and wild regrettings
Of fer other autumn eves.
"For they mind me, Emma Stuart,
Of the bygone blessed times.
When our heartbeats paired together
Like sweet syllables in rhymes;
Ere the faith of love was broken
Ere our locked hands fell apart-
And the vanity of promise
Left a void in either heart.
AW
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"Art thou happy, EmmaStuart?
I again may happy be
Nevermore: the insects crying
In the grass and on the tree,
As ifsinging songs of sorrow
At the coming of the frost.
Are to me love's fallen angels
Wailing for their heaven lost.
??
"No, ah no! Along the pathway
Grows the high untrampled grass.
Where the cricket stops to listen
For thy wonted feet to pass;
But thy footsteps, Emma Stuait,
Press no more the doorway-stone,
Trip no more alongthe pathway-
And the cricket sings alone!"
Was morechanningandwistful lyriceverwritten byan
American poet? Byher sympathetic interpretation of itsauthor
andhis writings MissMacNeilan has performed a serviceto
letters. C. B. F.
The Cleveland Plain Dealer of Wednesday, April 29,
publishes a two-column review of Miss MacNeilan's
book. From it we make the following extracts:
COATES KINNEY
Prolific as the intellectual soil of Ohio has been in the pro
duction of national presidents, legislators, soldiers, leaders inall
thelearned professions, invention andmodem industrial manage
ment it seems to lackthose particularingredientsthat produce
either renowned poets or great preachers.
Our Chases, Wades, Stantons and Garfields readily match
the Winthrops, Everetts, LodgesandSewards of NewEngland
and New York, and the Lamars and Davises of the south, but we
have notproduced a Longfellow, a Whittier, a Holmes or a Riley.
It is doubtless with such thoughts as this in mind, Debora
May MacNeilan, a graduate student of the English department
of OhioState University, has recentlygiven to the people of
Ohio, in book form. An Interpretation ofthe Lifeand Poetry
ofCoates Kinney, written asa master's thesis fortheuniversity
faculty.
Coates Kinney, editor, poet, and "dreamerof dreams" was
bom in Keeuka, the crooked lake district of northem New York,
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and was in his fourteenthyear whenhis father removedthe
familyto Springboro, WarrenCounty, Ohio.
TRUTH
"Astudy of hislife," Miss MacNeilan tells us, "reveals his
theme to have beenimmortality. His life was a thinking life in
the direction oftruth. Emerson Venable says of him: 'Coates
Kinney is distinctively the poet of science, the poet of evolution'."
Inhis earliest boyhood Coates Kinney seemsto have "lisped
in numbers as the numbers came," and though engaged in the
arduoustask of attendinga countrysawmill, he evincedall the
ardor for mental development that markedthe early educational
struggles of Abraham Lincoln.
It was at the doubtlessly crude SpringboroAcademythat he
mastered ten books of Euclid in eleven weeks and was leading
the school inalgebra and grammar. LikeLincoln, also, he was,
at anearly age, deeply concerned with theproblems of human
slavery, butunlike him, openly andvigorously espoused the
cause of abolition.
When the Civil War clouds finally burst, Coates Kinney ap
plied to Gov. Salmon P. Chase at Columbus andreceived anap
pointment as major andpaymaster of theUnited States army,
serving until Nov. 14,1865, when heretired with thebrevet rank
of lieutenant colonel.
Before this he had met and married Mary C. Allen, the
youthful daughter ofa Virginia family, then living inXenia,
Ohio. Hewas nowprepared to entera fieldcongenial to his heart
andmind. He thereforeacceptedthe editorship, firsL of a weekly
newspaper at Mount Liberty, butvery soon after tooktheeditorial
chair of the Xenia (O.) Torchlight, which Whitelaw Reid had
just vacated tojoinHorace Greeley ontheNew York Tribune.
Thispaper heedited andowned formany years, when hiscolumns
were regarded as a sortof political mentor to a large portion of
people insouthwestern Ohio andis saidto have been probably
morewidely quoted thananyother newspaper inOhio.
HIS WORK
In the meantime, and for many years, Coates Kinney was
also contributingregularlyto various Americanliterary maga
zines, includingCharlesS. Abbott's Genius ofthe West, a
monthly literary publication inCincinnati, the National Era, an
Abolitionists' paper published inWashington, D, C., to which
John Greenleaf Whittier was a constant contributor, and the
LadiesRepository, one of the earlyAmericanpublicationscater,
Vol, XL-42.
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ing to the feminine populationof the country in both proseand
poetry.
It was in Abbott's printing office that the poet set up with
his own hand and published his first volume of 27poems in
cludinga long narrativeand partiallybiographical ode basedon
the war between the New York tribes of Mohawks and Keeukas.
In 1868-69 he was leading editorial writer on the Cincinnati
TimesStar and in 1877, when President Hayes named Gen. Comly
of the Ohio State Journal to be our minister to Hawaii, Coates
Kinneytook his place as editor of that well knownand influential
publication.
In the year 1885, Coates Kinney's 24years of editorial duties
came to a close. He was then the editor and owner of the Spring
field Globe Republic.
THE END
In January, 1904, the aged editor was seizedwith an attack
of the grippe and was taken froma hotel in Cincinnatito the
PresbyterianHospital ofthat city, where he lingereda fewdays
beforesolvingfor himselfthe ponderableunrealityof death.
Sunlight on the SouthsideLists ofTithes. Lunen-
burg County, Virginia, 1748-1783. ByLandonC.
Bell. (Philadelphia: George S. Ferguson Com
pany. 1931. pp. 503.)
Privately printed, a few copies are still in the hands of the author
which may be had at $15.00 each.
Mr. Landon C. Bell ofColumbus, Ohio, formerly of
Virginia, has published another valuable volume for
genealogical research workers. This is entitled Sun
light on the SouthsideLists ofTithes. Lunenburg
County, Virginia, 1748-1783.
In the introduction to this volume the writer tells us
what in accordance with the opinions of Virginia his
torians constitutes the Southside of the Old Dominion.
Those whose opinions are quoted are Dr. Philip Alex
ander Bruce, Honorable William Cabell Bruce, Dr. Lyon
G. Tyler, Honorable Armistead C. Gordon and Dr.
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JOHN BROWN.
The Great Republic bred her free-bom sons
To smother conscience in the coward's hush,
And had to have a freedom-champion's
Blood sprinkled in her face to make her blush.
One will become a passion to avenge
Her shame-a fury consecrate and weird.
As if the old religion of Stonehenge
Amid our weakling worships reappeared.
It was a drawn sword of Jehovah's wrath,
Two-edged and flaming, waved back to a host
Of mighty shadows gathering on its path,
Soon to emerge as soldiers, when the ghost
Of John Brown should the lines of battle form,
When John Brown crossed the Nation's Rubicon,
Him freedom followed in the battle-storm.
And John Brown's soul in song went marching on.
Though John Brown's body lay beneath the sod.
His soul released the winds and loosed the flood;
The Nation wrought his will as hest of God,
And her blood-guiltiness atoned with blood.
The world may censure and the world regret;
The present wratii becomes the future ruth;
For stem old History does not forget
The man who flings his life away for tmth.
In the far time to come, when it shall irk
The schoolboy to recite our Presidents
Dull line of memorabilia, John Brown's work
Shall thrill him through from ail the elements.
...4#
0'^
- Coaies Kinney.
July, 1897.
(183)
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CWSI
TWO UNRECORDED NOTICES OF
WHITMAN IN 1888
Joel Myerson
I ^ :^r
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S K'S'Sd bii'.p'M
Writingin Treasure Trove: An IllustratedMasazine Charlnt-r-^ F.. h
commues for young readers the tradition of
post-war eeneratinn ^ positive response with the
sompTW Contains a reprinting of "As Toil-
ra^r^ p Woods," which had first appeLd inDmt
eliding rather sensibly that whatever Whitman has "written since has
Slit whferSs'^t'" T Nevertheless, FreXot
the "common on being the poet of the common people,"
Stm ZTsT. m? not understand his poems and never read thL!"
j this IS in many ways the standard boy-to-man sketch of the iuvf-
bannTdfrBo^tom^^surprising entry for them of someone who was
In writing "A Parable for Walt Whitman," Coates Kinney presents
'Toet Lûreare ofOhL''" (1826-1904), called the
in thar r,t. I ^bio, equates Whitman with Vesuvius and Pompeii
for ages^K;n "spontaneous gush" will be "presTed
an-lf, ^'"PP" Whitman is not surprising- in an
hp ri p lôetry and Poets," after quoting Emerson favorablv
Ld of the unlver ematte;
and mind, the more of which we understand wfthin ourseires Se more
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are we poets," andnotes that "there may be thoughts and language so
illustrious as to seem lowered by rhyme."'
University of South Carolina
THE GOOD GRAY POET
Charlotte French
Starting fromfish-shape Paumanokwhere I was bonij
Well begotten and raised by a perfect mother."
It takes someprevious acquaintance with Walt Whitman, to understand
that he means he was bom on Long Island. Its Indian name was Paumanok,
and ifyou look at the Island on the map you will see that it certainly is "fish-
shaped. Whitman belongs to a good family, and his mother was a beautiful
woman, the idol of her children.
His earlyhome was called West Hills, and his poems are so frill of the
impressions made onhim there, though he was very young when he left it, that
a great admirer ofhis said, "No one can ever really get at Whitman's poems,
and their finest lights and shades, until hehasvisited and familiarized himself
with the fi-eshness, scope, wildemess, and sea-beauty ofthis mgged island."
Walt's growth was much like that ofother boys, except perhaps that being
one ofalarge family he had to work harder than most boys do. He went through
the Brooklyn public school, learned to set up type ina printing-house, taught
school himself, wrote for magazines, and newspapers, and finally edited one of
the latter, all before he was twenty.
Then he decided to live in New York, or as he expresses it, become a
"Dweller in Mannahatta, cityof ships, my city."
Hesays he was alover ofpopulous pavements." Heenjoyed the crowds,
he mingled fi-eely with the very poor, and tried to learn their way ofliving and
thinking, and theylovedand trusted him. He wouldride backand forth on the
ferry-boats for the pleasure ofwatching the passengers, and he enjoyed above
all things a trip down Broadway on top of an omnibus.
^He was fond oftalking about himselfin his poems. Inone place he says he
was Fond of Brookljm, fond of Broadway, fond of the life of the wharves and
great ferries." In thesame poem he describes his personal appearance:
"Ample-limbed, a good feeder, weight ahundred and eighty pounds;
Full-blooded, six feet high, forry inches round the breast andback;
Countenance sunburnt, bearded, calm, unrefined;
Reminder ofanimals, meeter of savage and gentleman onequal terms;
Attitudes lithe anderect, costume free, neck gray andopen."
He was indeed a handsome man andgrew gray very early in life. He was
always scrupulously neat, but even when dressed for company no one could
induce him to wear a neck-tie, and his tumed-down collar and low-buttoned
MARY L- COOK PUBLIC LIBRARY
381 OLD STAGE HD.
WAYNESVILLE, OHIO 45068
513/897-4826
'f i
: - G
there may be thoughts and language so
y rhyme.
OD GRAY POET
rlotte French
Paumanok where I was bom,
ly a perfect mother."
intance with Walt Whitman, to understand
ng Island. Its Indian name was Paumanok,
le map you will see that it certainly is "fish-
ood family, and his mother was a beautiful
7est Hills, and his poems are so full of the
ough he was very yoimg when he left it, that
ne can ever really get at Whitman's poems,
until he has visited and familiarized himself
:ss, and sea-beauty of this rugged island."
that of other boys, except perhaps that being
: harder than most boys do. He went through
:d to set up type in a printing-house, taught
:s, and newspapers, and finally edited one of
êw York, or as he expresses it, become a
lips, my city."
pulous pavements." He enjoyed the crowds,
or, and tried to leam their way of living and
;d him. He would ride back and forth on the
ching the passengers, and he enjoyed above
n top of an omnibus.
himself in his poems. In one place he says he
roadway, fond of the life of the wharves and
e describes his personal appearance:
I a hundred and eighty pounds;
js round the breast and back;
1, unrefined;
e and gentleman on equal terms;
j, neck gray and open."
nan and grew gray very early in life. He was
n when dressed for company no one could
d his tumed-down collar and low-buttoned
shirt looked strangely out ofplace among men inordinary costume.
He had wonderful keenness of hearing and scent. He even thought he
could hear wheat grow and smell the different kinds ofsnow.
All thetime hewas working and enjoying himself inhis own peculiar way
in NewYork, he was slowly composing the poems he would afterwards publish
in the little book called "Leaves of Grass." When he wanted to be entirely
alone he would go off to Coney Island, then adesolate, uninhabited spot that
nobody else ever visited. . , ,
When "Leaves of Grass" was published, people paid little attentionto it,
until Emerson, always generous, wrote him a letter of praise which he pub
lished Then everybody thought they must read the poems ofwhich the Con
cord philosopher thought so highly, and soon a perfect storm arose on the
Some critics said they were bad, nonsensical, and conceited, and thenews
papers made all manner of fun at them. Afew others, mostly poets
themselves, said they were very grand and beautiful, and that Walt ^îtrnan
was the greatest poet in America, perhaps in all the world. Above all things they
praised him for being patriotic and original, and this he certainly is.
Whatever he has written since has only confirmed each side in its own
opinion Whether the question will ever be settled or not is doubtful.
He prides himself on being the poet ofthe common people, but unfortu
nately the common people do not understand his poems and never read them.
He was devoted to children and they were always ready to go to him.
Once when he was invited to meet some prominent people who wished to do
honor to the new poet, soon as the introductions were over, he sidled off to a
comer ofthe room where there was agroup ofyoung children, with whom he
talked and laughed and played, evidently to their mutual satisfaction Our
company, who had come from adistance to see Mr. Whitman, and did not
expect another opportunity, were quite annoyed, and my mother was fmally
commissioned to get him out ofhis comer. When she told her errand he looked
up with the utmost merriment, and said, 'O, yes, I'll do it, where do you want
me to sit? Onthe piano?' He went forward very good naturedly, however, but
I knew that his happy time for the evening was over."''
When he got tired of "Mannahatta," he wandered over the West and boum
earning money by teaching or writing, when he needed it, and making friends
with the working people wherever he went.
Hewas bitterly opposed to slavery, and wrote poems about the war, but
they did not stir the nation as Lowell's and Whittier's did. In another way,
however, he accomplished a noble work for the North. , i r
His brother George was struck in the face by ashell at the first hattle of
Fredericksburg, and Walt started for the front to nurse the wounded soldier, as
soon as he heard the dreadful news. George soon got well, butthere were many
others who needed his tender and sympathetic nursing, and for three years he
remained inthe hospitals either atWashington or at the seat ofwar, devoting
himself to the suffering.
"The hurt andthewounded I pacify with soothing hand,
I sit bythe restless all the darknight, someare so young,
MAKY L. CXK>K PUBLIC LIBRARY
381 OLD STAGE RD.
WAYNESVILLE, OHIO 45068
513/897-4826
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8
9
NOTES
1 See Scott Giantvalley, Walt Whitman, 1838-1939: AReference Guide (Boston: G.
K. Hall, 1981), and Donald D. Kummings, Walt Whitman, 1940-1975: AReference
Guide (Boston: G. K. Hall, 1982).
2 French, "The Good Gray Poet," Treasure Trove: An Illustrated Magazine 11 (May
1888), 282-283; "As Toilsome I Wander'd Virginia's Woods" appears on275.1 have
silently correctedtypographical and spelling errors in both items.
3 See Ed Folsom, "'Affording the Rising Generation an Adequate Notion': Walt
Whitman inNineteenth-Century Textbooks, Handbooks, and Anthologies," Studies
mthe American Renaissance 1991, ed. Joel Myerson (Charlottesville: University Press
ofVirginia, 1991), 345-374, for anextended discussion ofwhy Whitman's Civil War
verse was so attractive to anthologists and critics.
4 Kinney, AParable for Walt Whitman," Belford's Magazine, 1 (August 1888),
372-373.
5 Kinney, "Poetry andPoets," Ladies' Repository, 16(March 1856), 170-174.
6 William Douglas O'Connor, quoted in Richard Maurice Bucke, Walt Whitman
(Philadelphia: David McKay, 1883), 18.
7 Helen M. Price, quoted in Bucke, 97.
8 John Swinton (quoted from the April 1, 1876, New York Herald) inBucke, 36.
9 Quoted from a letter "by a lady addressed tothe present writer" inBucke, 38.
10 Mountains, cities, or geographical areas near Pompeii.
WHITMAN IN CAMDEN CITY DIRECTORI
1877-1892
Donald Edge
Walt Whitmanappears in CamdenCity, NewJersey, directorie;
1877 until his death in his Mickle Street home in 1892. His nar
pears on page 713 of Howe's Camden CityDirectory, Containing the j
ofthe Inhabitants ofCamden City, 1891-1892, where thealphabetica.
reads:
Whitman, Walt, poet, h[ouse]. 328 Mickle
This entry is the same in the directories printed by Howe start
1883. The 1891-1892directoryalso contains separate listings fo;
Davis, Mary O wid[ow] Levin T h[ousc] 328 Mickle
Fritzinger Frank, mariner, h[ouse] 328 Mickle
The directory for 1889-1890 does not contain a Mary O Davis,
does list:
Fritzinger, Frank, foreman, h 328 Mickle
Fritzinger, Harry M, laborer, h 328 Mickle
In previous directories, by Chew, some details of Whitman's lifeen
He first appears inthe city directory in 1877-1878, listed asa boar
his brother George's house:
Whitman, Walter b[oar]ds 431 Stevens
The next year, in the directory for 1878-79, he is identified as th{
Walt Whitman:
Whitman, Walt, poet, 431 Stevens st.
In 1881-82 he is again "Walter"-
Whitman, Walter, poet, 431 Stevens st.
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fÂRPeHiS /HoMtHVf /7IAAZV0S
^/ol^yS.rssae , fsB, I9g<) joo .^S'O vry
SINGINS 1 t,AME.
liY COATES KINNEY.
APîVN, Science! Th3' cunning lias fnund
(CuQuing Science, a pan to thee!)
Singing FJnine. wfiere the forces agree
In all their marvellous protean roiinn,
Where light is lo hear and sound hi In cc.
Song and the soul of the world are Ihu same:
Alotmn, the winged iM'ginning of thinga;
Is heat bj- the sudden stop of its wings,
And heat is motion nailnmed with llunic*.
And Siing is flaiuc tliul quivets uml sings.
As motion to beat, and bent to light,
And light to fltime of music is whirled.
So the veiy tligUt of the stars is hurled
Into song from the secrets of night.
And song keeps touch with the life of the world,
\y, the soul of stiiind from the heart of Arc
Utters a llatiie, and the spirit hears
Therein the light of u inilliou years
Ago. .sung down from the slitniug choir
Of tlic morning stars' juhihint spheres.
This is the light that old Wordsworth felt,
Or dreamed with n vision keen and strong,
Whose rays nor to land nor to sea belong,
But Into a fiame of melody melt
Song that Is flame, and tlame that is -song.
Tills is lite light that wim pillar of smoke.
Or only pilfiir of fire at most,
"To the marehing, camping, carou.sing host;
But when to the Red Sea singer it spoke,
Wu-s a flaming longue uf the Holy Ohnat.
This i.s the light that Dante piirsueil
Through all the lurid regions of hell;
That Hilton saw in his iilitidness well;
That our miraculous Shakespeare indued
With a gloiy no mortal can tell.
But the thin blue flame of these cultured years.
That shrinks and faints at tlie lilt of a breath.
What is it this pale blue ardor sailli
Of fears that are boi>es. and hopes that are feaiB,
And of deei)s that are deeper than death?
Little it saifh. and it slngeth naught.
But it eni-ps the ground along and about
With delicate wicathings iu and out,
And flickers away In a swoon of thought.
And dies in a 'duliilv' dream of doubt.
And sometimes, too. it is hard to be tohl
From lifted smoke, so it takes from Art
Alone It.s almlr'.s.s ethereal .siart.
For It hiui no llnming and singing hold
On the core of fire ut Nature's heart.
O soul of tlial fire, O issue from night.
And fuse all the Lwinklcrs, name h}' aame.
And melt to Ihy gold their uzurinc fame,
And pour down the heavens In wiuc of lights
And fill all the world with Singiug Flame!
\
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coAT^s' iCi/o/uey
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A 00*. '8'75
418 HARPKR'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE.
fascinating period that we have in Eng
lish. Alfred de Mussct's Lorenzaccio is,
however, far more terrible, because there
the liorror is moral wholly, and never
physical, as too often in Webster.
Tliorc is sonietliiug in Webster that re
minds me of Victor Hugo. There is the
same confusion at times of what is big
witli wliat is great, the same fondness for
the merely spectacular, the same insensi
bility to repulsive details, the same indif
ference to the probable or even to the
natural, the same leaning toward the gro-
lesMiue, the same love of effect at what
ever cost; and there is also the same im-
pressiveness of result. Whatever other
effect Webster may produce upon us, he
never leaves us indifferent. We may
blame, we may criticise, as much as we
will; we may say that all this gliastli-
ne.ss IS only a trick of theatrical blue-
light; we shudder, and admire neverthe
less. We may say he is melodramatic,
that his figures arc inagic-laniern pic
tures that waver and cliange shape with
the curtain on which they are thrown; it
maitci<8 not, he stirs us with au einotiou
deeper than any mere artifice could stir.
OUR ONLY DAV.
BY COATES KINNBY.
Werk this our only day,
Did not our yesterdays and nmrrows give
To hope and memory tlieir interplay,
How should we bear to live?
Not mei*ely what we are,
But what we were and what we are to be,
Make up our lifethe far days each a star,
The near days nebula?.
At once would love forget
Its keen pursuits and coy delays of bliss,
And its delicious pangs of fond regret,
Were there no day but this.
And who, to win a friend,
Would to the secrets of his heart invite
A fellowship that should Isjgin atid end
Between a night and night/
Wlio, too, would pause to prate
Of insult^ or remember slight or scorn.
Who would this night lie down to sleep with hale,
Wen: there to be no morn/
Who would take heed to wi-ong.
To misery's complaint or pity's call,
The long wail of the weak against the strong,
If this one day wcih? all?
And what were wealth with shame,
The vanity of office, pride of caste,
The winy sparkle oif the bubble fame,
If this day were the last*
Ay, what were all days worth,
Were there mt looking backward or before
If every human life tiiat drops to earth
Wei-e lost for evermore?
But each da3' is a link
Of ilays that iass and never pass away;
For memory and hope- to live, to think
Each is our only day.
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Ca/rnES Kiyoîsy
Psê 1 of 1
Vok.lt,yxssKje
CU}.C. i-E.tCHvRC}^^ l<ki,C-/?6S-/ 5"V6-2Pac.J-<?'a
JAPANNING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
WILL thorc ever be auniversal language? Wo have tho authority of a
President's message for hoping there may. Mr. Grant looks for the
tiniTers:il langimge to euiiic iu witli the universal republie* And U> the mag
nanimous American patriot so much of the offioial ideal as contemplates a
United Smtes of Earth does not seem at all Utopian. Why should not man-
kiu<i, fi'om Fueghius to Esquimaux, from Lapps to Hottentots and Australian
Bushmen, all have tliu right to vote for President? And who doubts that tliey
all would vote for on American President? Why, too, should the Hon. Speek-
spcekee of Feejee be dooiued to waste his eloquoueo at little tusular miui-bakcs
and missiutiury barbecues, when he is of right entitled to his hour's spread in
the " Congressional Globe" ? But the practicability of a uuiversal language
will not be so readily admitted. We may bnng hundreds of diverse nations,
but how bring thousands of diverse tongues, into EplurUixa ttnum?
Mr. Arinori Mori, Japanese Chargd d'Affiiires near the American govern
ment, b:issuggested a solution of this proljlem. Ilis suggestion is in tlie fonu of
a leLter. iluted in Juue of last year, and printed in the newsixtpers. It is not im
probable tliat this letter, falling under llie President's eye, may have contributed
its half toward Inspiring bis stereoscopic prevision of the universal and uniliu-
gnal republic of the world. But Mr. Mori's proposition presupposes a despo
tism I'atlier than a democracy; for only the former could supply the force re
quisite to work tlic maclilucry. He proposes to concoct a foreign language for
forty luilHonpeople, and make them take it. A republic is uot a strong enough
government for so heroic a practice as that. Therefore tite universal iangungc
must precede the universal republic, and so autocrats may have yet a benefi
cent work to aiMJumplish before they can reasomtbly be called iii>oii to perish
from tlie earth.
Mr. Mori's letter is addressed to W. D. Wliltney, Professor of Sanskrit and
Comparative Philology iu Yale College, from whom he says ho expects an
.>piniou at au early day us to tlie feasibility of his plan. Mr, Whitney's opin
ionhas not yet transpired. It is presumablethat his Sanskrit functions and liis
preeugiigcmcnts in compaTative piillology have been Umi engrossing for liini
to give attention to so radical and chimerical a project as tills of Mr. Mori's
must appear to a man who lias passed his whole life iu contemplating Uiebeau
tiful slow growUiK, aud slower seminations, and lingering decays of the lan
guages of extinct civilizations. To a mind so trained, this proposition to take
a live language, prune off its crooked and sapless superfluities, and transplant
it biidilyacross the widest ocean, could liardly seem other Uiiiu pre|)osterou8.
Yet the tldng may be quite practicable nevertlteless. Tho fact that lan
guage hitlierlo has proceeded by evolution and transfusionIs by no means con
clusive against the revolutionary process. No experiment like this proposed
by Mr. Mori lias ever yet been ti'ied. A trial maysliowthat it lias been re
served for a Japanese diplomat to discover, and a Japanese emperor to put in
ojieration, tlm very uicuns by which the ideal of the fond old pliilologci-a and
the brave antici}Kition5 of our sanguine President ai-e to bo realized, and the
universal language sprcml over the earth. For, if Mr. Mori's ex|>eriniunt
should succeed with Uie Japanese, why wouldit not be imiucduitelyrepeated
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1873.] JAPANNING THE ENGUSH IJINGUAGE.
189
by theother Orienfcil dcspotismSr tail soon thegreat Asiatic nmjority oftlie hu
man mcB sliould befound speakingtJie language ofGreat Britain and America
reformed, indeed, but perfectly intelligible toall the English-speaking peo
ple of the globe?
But let 119 not outrun Mr. MorPs dream. Let os first see what his dream
Is, and whetiier it seems realisable, lie thus states it:
Tbc qiokea language of Japan being biadeqaate tothegitonrlngococssiUeo of thepeople of
that emplra, andtoopoor tobenutdc, bya plumetlo alphabet, anfiioiently oeofol a# a written Ian-
gaagv, theidea pxevalls among many of our beet educated moo andmoat prolbund thlokera, that
if we would keeppacewithtiteage, womuetadopt eome copioua, cxpanaible, and expanding Ju-
lopean languogv, printour lawo andtransact all public buneaa In it os eoon as |>oflaiblc, and
have It taught Inourschools as tbcIbture language oftheGoantry, totho gradual esclceiea ofour
pi-eaent language, spokeu aud wrlttca.
Now, if the like of thiswere proposed with reference toany great people
of the wesltmi civtlization, it would not be worth while to dream any further.
Tlie grout European languages have regularly expanded with the modern
growth of thought; have bikeu in the terniinohtgy of the new sciences and
compassed tlienew in literature, andare each felt to be amply sufficient for
the presunt andfuture necessities ofthe people Kpeaking tbeni. Tlius theyall
sLind ona footing of equality, and eachis claimed to be as good as anoLlier
anda great deal better. Any attempt to snhsUtulo one for anotltcr would bo
reseuttal as the insult of rival to rival, and would be the signal of war. There
is not government enough on bothsides of the Atlantic to work tliemacliinery
ofa couipulsory education here, such as Mr. ilori's scheme contemplates for
Ju]Hin. But thereit is different. Thearrested civiliatalions ofthe Orient have
their arrested languages also. Mr. Mori represents that lite spoken Japanese
is "iniuleqnate to the growing necessities of tlie people, and toopoor" to be
worth wriLiug wldi a phonetic alphabet, and tliat "the written language has
little or norelation to the spoken language, butis maiuly hieroglyphicamod-
ilieatiou of Uie corruption of the Chinese." That is, tlie Japanese mind has
caught Uic contagion of progross fi'om the western civilization, andbegun to
seize ideas that Its poor language cannot furnish expression for. Jajmnese
students, graduating at Auiuricuu andEuropp.an colleges, and returning home,
find their Uiarnliig shut up to tiieni from tlie comprehension of tlielr country
menbytlierigorous limitations of their native language. The crampeil pov
erty of this, as compared withthecopious and expansive speech through which
theyhave been introduced into a new world of thought, mustgall them con
tinually. The needof a better language indeed, since so mui:h of European
and American thought has got infused into the national lifeof Japan, is prob
ably fult aud deplored byall the leading intellects of the empire, Tlioy can
not fail to perceivethat the current of the world*s progress, suddenlysetting in on
them, has overfilled and overflowed Uie capacityof their language, and licit If
they would accumulate and utilize the former, the latter must be either en-
hirged or replaced to hold it. But the impracticabilityof enlarging a lan-
gicige Uiat lîs grown out of and hardened round a stationary civilization, os
the shell round a snail, niu-st also have impressed tltera. Keplacement, Uien,
would be seen to be the only feasible me.asure, and wouldtherefore be favored
rather than resisted by Uie intelligent ])arty; and, to gain popular assent to it,
an effective apjtenl could be made to this newly-awakened zeal for natfoital
progi'ess and rivalry, which lias become Japanese public sentiment. Make
the people see that a newlanguageis the direct w:iy to the admirednewcivil-
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190 JAPANNING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. [Auo.
ixiilion, ami the coveted new comnicruial and [Kilitical grnatness of Japan, and
their uiarvellotut iiuititive fiM;ulty would readily he enlisted in its acquisition.
Popiihii* sentluiout, Iiowuver, is of much less consUh-ration in Asia than in
Anieriea or ETiro}>e. Tlie Oriental ruler is in the liahit of supplying; the nrtj
ele rciwly-niade. Tills sjivns the people trouble. And it saves them greater
trouble to t;ike it just as it is mode, without any dilution of ]>rivate opinion.
Tliuy value tlioir individual ownership of heads too highly to admit any {ler-
sonul prejudices into them to invalidate tiieir title. ITence, if tiie Mihiuio of
Japan were to decide a new lungnnge nceessai'y fur his eiujilro, aud sliould
supply one and furnish tJie iiieans of instruction in it, there would be no jmAuu-
tial opiKisition to the measure. Tlie adoption of it would be understood to be
not only a test of fenlty but uu iiupcmtlve duty.
Then, wiiotlier Mr. Kfon's project is pntctlcalde or not^ would seem to de-
peud very much on the disposiUou of tiio Mikadu. He is reformatory, even
rovuluUoii.ary; but can he be expected to go the length which tills proposition
of his Aincricjtn minister soouis to take it for granted he will go? His late
rapid aud radical progress in westernization (to evolve a word that the Japan
ese will need) justilles gi'cat cxi>cctaliuuK of him. Here, for itiKtanuo, are some
of tho most notable of his advances in the single year 1872; February 2, Lite
second day of the Japiuiesc now yoiir, he received the congi'siiulations of the
foreign aiubassadors in person, for the first time; February 26, nbolisiicd the
JajKinese costume and prescribed the Enroiiusui drusa at court; I^larch lli, ]ro-
claimed lite pardon of native Christians (followed up this year with a full tol
eration of tho Cliristtau roligiifii); March 2.1, iuuorded pernii.'Uiioii to de:d in
landa corolLary to the recent abolition of the feudal system of native cliiefs;
May 4, abolished the law forbidding women to outer certain s.acred shrlucs and
nuddldst temidi's; May 31, issued an edict permitting lluddhist priests to cat
flesh, to let their Iniir grow, to wear common cloUics, and to marry; Suptcni-
ber 14, instituted an imjmrfcmt fiscal change by allowing land taxes to be iaid
in money instead of prtHiuceamitlier corollary to Uio abolition of tho feudal
system; October I t, inaugurated in person the completion of the railroad from
Yokohama to Yeddo; Novumber 14, alMdishiul tlie yosltiwarra, a monstrous
legalized form of prostitution; and made the year memoi*<ible for Japan by
closing it with December and luIopLiiig tlin western calendar.
What may not be hojmd from a Mikado who does such n year's work aa
tliis? Mr. Mori can well propose when his lord disposes like Uiat. Aud Ihcru-
foro what lie proposes, in view of Ids representative relation to the Japanese
government and of tho official tone of his language, tuny be regarded as at
least a senii-autlioritaUve intimation of wiiatis forming as a purpose In tlie im
perial mind. So that tho experiiuont of propagating language by the revelu-
lionary inelhod is probably to be tided at an early day, on tlie grand scale and
under the favorable auspices aliovu jnitiuated.
As to tlie Eiirnpcan language to be selected for the oxpcrimcni, Mr. Moid
says: "The English langmige would bo our first clioice for veiy many rea
sons." A loading reason doubtless Is Uiat the Japanese Itave had the earliest
and best opportunity of becoming acquainted with tho English. Tho great
English-speakinggiivernments, Uieir conimeroial ueiglibors, of BritishIndia on
tliH west, of Australia on the south, and of America on the west of tliuiii, Imve
brought them into closer nud more frequent conversance with tills tlian with
any utlicr of the western liinguiigcs. Another reason Is, that tJie Eiigllsli primi-
ises to be the most available for that high commercial career to which they as-
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1873.] JAPANNING THE KNGLISII LANGUAGE. lot
Iiiro, since not only their fm*einentionel conjiiiercUil neighbors, but also the
n>ieciid:iul iiaviil euiiiuicree of the world, siMjaks English, A great reason is
tJiat America speaks English, anil they have Ihiou looking most to America for
their instnielion and example in the newcivilization. But tlie paramount rea
son for tlieir preference of English is to be found in ilto language itself, in its
su]H!rior adapLabillLy to llieir jnirpose.
The English and the east Asian langtiages have one iinportjiut affinity
whleli it is interesting to consider. It is their lack of inflections. Wliile tlie
languages of tlie arrested civili&illons advanced U> a certain point and stopped
sliort oflhe Inflectional stage, those of Uic progi-essivc races developed copious
inflections, wliich appear anciently to have increased in exuberance in direct
}>ro])oriion to the advance in civilization. But in modern times this proportion
lias beenin process of revei*sal. Tiic later tendencyof the foremost langiiags
lias Imjou tothediscardingof inflections. The great Romaniclanguages, French,
Italian, and Spanish, arc each moi-e or less Iwbtailed I.at1n. And even the
German, the oldest and so the most iiiflectioiial of the five great representative
tongues of nKidern civilization, is miinis the vocative and tlieablative of the
ancient grammar, and has its simpler newdeclension and neweoojngatlon.
But the English, the youngest of the five, casting its old Teutonic sloughs of
inflecLton one after anotlier, has come to alinnst as clear of graniinaticnl ac
cidents as the Japanese itself; which never had any accidents, because it has
never luul any growth, but has remained the mere monosyllaliic praltln of Im-
iiianity's babyhood during Uie thousands of years in which the western devel-
oiniiuutof tlie race lias been passing tlirongh the lingual stages of Tiiraninn
agglutination and Aryan lnfl'etloii, and returning at last, by the modern pro
cess of p:u-Lieles and auxiliaries, to nature's primal simpliciiyin this language
of our America, Thus liave Uio progressive liinguagcs of manluttd sjirend
round tlie worUl, flowering in a tlioiisand glorious forms, and dying and giving
seed to tlieir successoi^s, till now this lust, iijlierliiug llie wealth and vigor and
the line subtleties of all the civilizations back of it, and embodying the greatest
literature as a whole in existence, yet almost clean strippiHl of tlte old gram
matical nrtificlalllles. offers itself as the facile link for completing the circuit
and uniting the waiting East and tliocareering West togetliur.
So, Mr. Mori and his intelligent countrymen prefer the English with good
reason. But he objects to tlie language tliat it Is wlUiout **la\v, rule, or orilvr
in its ortliogi-:iihy," and tliat it has a perplexingly "largo numlwr of irregu
lar verbs," wliich, moreover, are the most frequent of occuiTence in tho liin-
gunge. The first ol>jectiun is lito strongest 'arraigniuent of English that ciiii
be miule. There is no defence to it. Such anotlier conglomeration of incon
gruities and absurdities has iHu-liaîs not been seen since plioneiic alphabets
were invented. But the case is bad enough without the oveirstaLement that
our ortliography lia.s no " law liased on otymology." Tho fael ig, the law of
cLytiiology is precisely that which has made it and kept it the monstrous thing
it is. These guarls and snarls of letters with which our froipient little words
offend tlic ilapanese eye ai'o due mainly to their Saxon etymology. And it
continues to tliis day to lie our inflexible law of etj'tnolog}*tiiat words bor
rowed from other languages be taken in in their literal entirety. wiUi all their
foreign airs uikiu tlieni. Hence such hideous and incredible English as
dradmi, payckomachy, pMhiaicky, camtichouc. and the like, llowover, it must
be adniitted Unit tho law is one not speeiany helpful either to the native cJiild
in his spelling-book or to the one*hingungedforeigner seeking EngUsli litera*
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192
tiire. The difficulty is confessed. It i repellent and appalling. Wliile Uie
lawless irregul;H*ity of our old conjiigatioii might be got along with, as being
no worse M'itn theverbs of other langu:igcs present, iliis monstrous orthognv-
phy of ours is a mountain in tlie way. Y.et, for all that, the structure of tlie
English is S4> simple and rational, so free of useless verbal ciianges, illogical
Idioms, and fimtitious genders, so direct and consonant with the plain pro
cesses of Uiought, that, Mr. Mori's o])inion to the contrary notwilhatonding, it
isthe easiest language tlicre is for a foreigner to leuru touse wlili propriety
and effecL Ho may not pronouucc it wellfault of tJie ortliography ^but lie
will readilv acquire such a command of it as to do his thinking init mpre
ference to his vernacular, and to wield it julmirablyas a literaiy instromeiit;
a thing that foreigners nu'cly do witli any oilier language whatever. Wliat
litemry purformancc inany alien tongue can be set beside the English speeches
ofCarl Schurz, Uie Prussian, or ofTs>uis Kossuth, the Hun? Yet botli ofthese
taught tliemsclvca the language after they were grown men. The editor of
an rufluentiul German daily, who writes and speaks his vermicular every day
ill the year, and has done so ever since hecame tothis country, at adult age,
before which he knew no English, has assured me tlmt thelatter conies the
more natural to himami is the etislcr for himto write and spc:ik. What lan
guage, indeed, could a native ofeastern Asia, trained to incthotls of tliouglit
so different from ours, what other language of the West could he learn to
write with the propriety aud idiomatic naturalness which characterize Hils let
ter of Mr. Mori's?
Nevertheless it must bo conceded that the Englishis tenfold more difficult
ofacquisition than it ouglit tobe, and tliut, asMr. Mori says, ** not only liaig-
lish-spcuking people, but tlic world at large, would be v:istly benefited by a
thorough recast ofEnglish ortJiograjihy, making Uic written language what It
claims tobe, phonetic, instead of hieroglypUlc ou a phonetic basis." Suuli a
recast has bceu repeatedly attempted inEnglandand In this country. Without
success, of course. Tlic Iciirned of both countries, against whose consent the
revolution could not move a wheel, havenever felt the neeil of sucha reform.
Conservatism, too. is opposed to it. So arc the untold millions of money
invested in books of tlie estiiblishod typography. Etymology assorts its law,
denouncing the innovation in the name of all it holds sacred of antiquity.
Webster, merely for dropping two letters from exceptionally superfluous uses,
is caviled at anddishouorednay, dishonoured wItJi a , andcavilled at witli
a double I; and British scliolarship stillmaintains those old uses, with the old
British obstinacy.
But, as Mr. Mori observes, ** many of the reasons which makeAmericans
and Englishmen hesitate toattempt radical ciianges intheir language for their
own people do not apply tothe case under consideration; ivhieh isthe adap
tation of tlie English language tothenecessities of a foreign nation of nearly
40,000,000 souls, tiiousands of miles distant from thetwo gi'eat English-speak
ing nations." Here radicalism may have its perfect work. It isa question
of furnishing a people with a new language tlie easiest possible for tiiem to
learn, and as absolutely simple and regularas it can bo madewithout being
rendered unintelligible to the nations from which it has been adopted, ami
with which it is desirable to hold close and constant Intercourse. And here
again the English asserts Its superiority. Reduce it topet^cct regularity', and
it would still be about as rciulily understood by Englishmen and Americana
as their own form of it. The child's spontaneous genei-alizaticms, gooUer,
JAPANNING TUE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
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goodest, ladder, laddese, mucJi&r, mudmL convey the meaning as clearly as
the exceptional forms which he mnst learn with painstaking as he ^ws
ohler. So ofmans, diiids, axes; I have beginned; I be, thou be, he U. Keg"-
lar forms em be substituted for nearly all the inflectional irregularities of the
language without ol>sciiring its meaning or impairing its force. Ami such a
substitution is what Mr. Mori proposes, tlius;
My piopoaltion fe 0) prepare and place in our achools, and In the handa of the peopT^
larite, epclUnis hooks. aiclionarles. jsramrottr9,aBd other lext-books. teaclilng what may
'simpliftrd Engbeh." In oUier vroiits. I propose to hanbh from the Engbeh tangle,for the uao
orthe Jopanwe nation, all or moat of the exceptions which lendrr khisUflh > difficult ofaoqmai-
tioo.
But why not ail 9 If absolutely phonetic orthography and absolutely reg
ular pluralization, ctunparlson, and conjugation are desirable, surely they ate
pmeticable in dils rcvoluti.tn. Tlio whole is as easy as the half. It will not
shock the speakei"? <if establishcil English any more to hear tliat this reform
have lecd beginned in Jaiian tlmn to hear that it has been hcginmd. But the
shock to English ears is of very small concern in tlm matter any way, Jiced
and haved would sound just as fiUing to unaccustomed Jaiianese ears as been
and had, and would conserve a great principle besides. Admitting two or
three liTegularltles. however, and following out Mr. Mori's idea, behold tlie
whole doctrine of inflections in four sentences;
1. Adjectives and adverbs have inflections as follows: ow drops before
initial consonants; this and that pluralize into these and those ; and such as ad
mit of comparison form iteitlier by adding er and esi or by prefixing more and
most, . 1 1
2. Nouns have one inflection, for either the possessive case or theplural
number; which is formed by adding s to singular endings that will unite
therewith, and es to such as will not.
3- Pronouns have, at most, five inflections, for the poaseRsivc and theob
jective case singular and tJie three cases plural; to be learned from pava-
diTns.
**4. Verbs have two inflections, for the present participle and the past
lenses; that for the present participlo being formed by adding tX<7. and tlnit
for tlic past tenses liv adding dto endings that will unite therewith, ed to end
ings in t and d, and <to all others; except that be lias were for preterit and
bt:en for perfei;t participle; have has had, and do, did.
The fnturc tenses andthe mootls would form wiUi auxiliaries, as at present.
Tims, the conjugation In Uie singular nnmherthe plural being Uic same
would rnnas follows: I love, thou love, he love; 1loved, thou loved, he loved;
I h.ave, thou have, he have loved; I had. thou h.id, hehad loved; I hIiuII, thou
will, he will love or have loved; I, thou, lie may, can, must, might, could,
would, should love or have loved.
That would bethesum Icjtal ofthestudy of inflections. All the rest to be
learned of grammar would he only arrangement and constniction. The syn
tax, too. would be greatly sini]>lified by the discarding ofnumbers and persons
from the verb, several rules of agreement being thus dispensed with. Tlien
the introduction ofa hew personal pronoun, capable of representing nouns of
all persons, numbers, and genders, wnuld obviate that ^Mnherent difficulty re-
specting the form of tlic pronoim personal" which even the good old Goold
Brown recognizes, and socomplete the sluiplification.
rmally, as to the letters to be employed for the new phonetic orthogra
193
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194
[Auo,
phy. As fsir as they wouUl go, tJiey shimld be those of our present al|ilial)ct.
But, with aview to the easier rcduetion of conttncnUil Europe to the sway of
tlic universal language, they fjhotihl represent tlie same sounds they have in
the coutinental languages, as for sis consistent with a ^metrical schcjue.
AH over-refined shades of sound, however, should he repudiated. Such hair-
spUttlugH of pi-ouuneiatioii as are attempted in our dictionaries by noting three
diflerent sounds of a in fai, fani, and/are, whereas niuc-tentlis <J the g<KM|
speakci-s of English make them all the same, or by noting udifference in the
vowel soumU ofherd, bird, Uford, mrd, wlien the difference does not even cast
a shiidowin the utterance of the m<jst schuolniasterish mau in America no
such hair-splittings should bo tolerated in the ruformed alphabet. Then, sup
pose this alphabet were somewhat as follows, the combined letters, ai, au, oi,
Xu, fig, jf/i, sA, th (thin), (A (thick), beingmore closely combined and cast each :ks
one character:
a, as inJar or a in nat: far, nat.
as in/at: ftU.
e, as a in mate: met.
c, as in met: met.
i, OB c in 6f: bi.
I, as in bin: bin.
0, as in or or a in all: or, ol. '
OS in wordor u in but: wdrd, bot.
5, OS in note: not.
u, as in rudeor ooinpool: md, pul.
h, as inpull or oo in book: pul, bdk.
w (always initial), as in tcoo: wu,
y (always initial), as Inye: yi.
al, as i in Ireland: Airload,
au, as Ota in cow: kau.
Now, witli tin's alphabet, let us see how Mi'. Mori will look in his own lan-
gnage. Take the first extract from his letter, as above;
" Thi spikt langguej av Jap3n biing Inadikuet to tbi grOfng nisesltls av tlii ni-
poliav that empalr, and tu pur tu bi mekt, bai e foneUk alfabut, .sdfXsbentll yusfui
to eroUtd langgn^, thi aidia privcla emong mcuT av aur giidist edyoketid mSnz and
profaund thingkdra that If wi wud kip pes with thi wi most edapt som ko-
-iiti*'U ekspanding Yuropian langguej, print aur loz and triinsaktol
pobllk biincs In Uas sun to pa^bol. And bar it tict In aur skulz to tbi fiucor Ifing-
guia av thi kontrl, tu thi grudyufil ekskluzhcin av aur preidnt Itoggu^, s^lkt and
T&IClCIa
It looks atrifle strange and uncouth to eyes educated in the phonetic hiero-
glj^lis of Englisli orthogniphy. Probiibly itmight look equally so to tJie pie-
torially trained eyes of the Japanese scholar. But a brief habituation U) its
.ap|)ear:ince wouhl con-ect that impreasion. while the neat simplicity oftlie
scheme could not but captivate the unprepossessed Japanese mind. With this,
the present fine art of spelling would become one of the lost arts. Acquisition
ofthe sounds of the alphalictand of the pronunciation of words would consti
tute the wljole study of orthography. Every writer of the language would
spell as he pronounccul. If he pronouucml according to tlie dlctionaiy, he
nmst spell right. And to make pronunciation a thing always to be seen and
not to beh^pal, all print should be accented.
With such aphono^lc print and ascript modelled on phonography, with
the grammatical reforms above indicated and the whole English vocabulary to
ol as in voice or oyin boy: vols, bul,
lu, OS uln mute otewin mew: oilut, miu.
p, b, as inpine, bintl: pain, haind.
I, d, as in tear, dear: tir, dir.
f, V, as in fain, vane: fen, ven.
k, g, as in kind, gone: kaind, gon.
c, j, as cA in cAurcA,jr* inJudge: core, j6j.
s, 2, as in seal, zeai: sil, zij.
sh, sb. as sh in shall, s in azure: shal,
tohbr.
th, th, as in thin, then: thin, thCn.
n, ng, as in tw/i, wing: win, wing.
1, r, as in low, row: lo, rO.
h, m, as in home: horn.
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1S7,1.] DREAMIKG EYES.
195
qiiarvy in, the Japanese woiihl jKwstiss a laugiuigc that might offer itself for
tliu nice of universnlity without a rival; a langjiage cajieicious enough for all
that tlie present has, ami cjipahle ouuitgli for all that the future can bring, atul
yet sosimple and easy that, with sufHoient appliances, all thechililrcn oftheir
country could he taught Ut read, write, and speak it effectively in one yeiur.
Though the process will have to be more grsidual, yet *viLii the means it is in
tliu power of theMikado to commancl, it might be an accomplished fact by
IbW). It could be commenced witli the importation of a thousand American
schnolnmatera and sclxnilmistro&sus, to bo distributed to a tliousaud normal
schools for the training of native teachers. How grand an opioiiiig for the
school-teaching Lalunt of our New England!
But the detiiils of execution may appropriately be left to Mr. Mori and the
Japanese govemmuiit. If he c;in induenuo it to undertake andcarry out his
project, immortality isassured forhim inhis own country; and when thenew
language shall havepushed west and proselyted China, winning AllSinfrom
his tuonosyllabic nasals andhis Pigeon English; absorbed theIndies andcon-
formc<l to itself the British speakers there; then, (sireering. norUi and west,
swept the continent clean of Tumnian, and Semitic, and deml Aryan; and
hnally, coming into Europe bythe old routeof its ancestry, conquered at bust
its kindi'cd couLiiiciita! tongues. Great Britain and America having already
Japannei] their English and naturalized it in Africa and the Isles long before;
tlientlie mighty benefaction of Morishall he fully appreciated, and gratefully
celebrated in eloquence and songthat shall be intelligible round the world.
COATES KIKKEY.
DREAMING EYES.
Tell me, Otell mo, the drift of the dream.
Floating, in liquid light, over
Tlie marge of those blue depths of wonderful gleam.
That lily-blooms daintily cover;
Tell me the rare fancies jealously hid
Under each dowu-droopiiig, silken-fringed Ud.
Show mc the vision where life overstreatns
In amethyst, ruby, and beryl;
Or better, for love's sake, thy dreamland that seems
All lonely, overshadowed, and sterile;
Thy jewels would gleam in the gold of my heart.
But Uiy poverty waken Its Lenderest art.
O eyes, dreaming eyes, I would pass through your gate.
To tlie innermost truth of Uieir seeming,
Yet, outside their holy of holies must wait'
Unineasnred the soui'co of their dreaming I
Still hopeless I question, no kind voice replies.
And I'm lost in the blue of two soft, dreaming eyes.
Makt B. Dodge.
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/no*}THLv ?eiii<3oie4i. to xne^mv/ie,
-
LADIKS' REPOSITORY.
top, :intl SAW jsiiting on tho hnncli w had lately
qiikred tin,- iijIirjic wr had twko iK'sii beforn.
This Wiis i!u gliiist, h'.it a veriUiliic old womtuj,
v.-dli while Liir and ttildj wanderiTig cyfs, tVoni
which :hft Iwdc of re.isoti ticcmed to liave
departfil. Chi her head she wore a wliiie vail,
and ul'Oul bor jtcraon a gruat ^hav.d of a
Rfilor; bill wc had no time for scrutiny, fur .'ihc
no Î'Hmcr saw us Ihaii .she ran awifcly into iie
woods, and we heard no innrc of her tliat- ni^^ht.
It wxs after\va,'d reported that Betty Garduticr
w.'te come back, huviujr cscap-ed IVem tlie asylum
where she had been a j^ca: many yefiTs, and that
mn!;ypersons had seen licr WiUuleriiig ahuiit Ihe
neighborhooil and sitting ai ihc grave of Albert
Aierlon. If it were she that wo saw I know tiol>
but we conld tiiink of no cxiibuiiitiou of our
stnuvge visitor so ja-oliab'e. Whether or not the
boy Wtw supp'rspd to have l>tun murflcrcd, au'i
what liccranc of tha melarichuly Ktlward, I never
thought to inquire, when a child, but I .shall no*
fail to do so now :f <i|>pr.iTtiinily occms, and if
any thing come m my kunwhiilge w<irlh writing
cut I shall give it in a stilvtriiuciil story.
Edward's cabin, n.'t we .alJsil tho two or three
I'/gs and the jtile of stone:) where the rhimvey
had been, pixiswsi-ii for us ihcncolonvrj^l a now
int.RrcFt; and though k'df afraid we xisod to linger
fthrut. the ground, esfêrlaUy at the spearmint
siiriiig, partly fearful and partly hoping we .should
see the tictcptiel gbo.d Amos had told ii.s abotit;
bu*. wc never did, though we once fouiul s^cme
flnwrra which seemed to have been lately sirrtni
over bis grave, and a ti?>; liiicn handkerchief
sprciul At its head over a bunchof wJii:c violcbi,
OA thoimh to cover the face of the dead.
Of all the trca.urcH iu life's chart Ij.?ve is the
TR'OHl br*at:tift;l*, hut to Betry and Albeit, as to
thousand.'! of others, it was only a dream.
STRENGTH OF SOUL.
It is Virtuealoiiu which can render us superior j
to foriuuc; wc quit herstandard and ti'i combat |
is '.RI'Migtr epia*. F'jrturc mocks us; she turns i
xe (.! iitr xvhwl; she ri.i.^cs and us at her i
pleasure, hii! her power Is iVjundetl or: uur weak. !
iicss. Ttii) is Jii old-rooitai evil, hut it is rot
iucurablc; llien: is Jioching :c firm and elevated
mind can not acromrilish. The discouiso of
the v. Ise avid the stu-lv of g'-od booU^ are the
ANGRLS.
UV <:o.vTH EIXXXV.
'.trr Itii.'V 1)1.1 all fninblirrin-^ llnP-
WsTU swccl vtaccs. sobnin warntng.i
Of rh<! bcisigyot to be,
Bandnof spirits huvcrruuioi m,
Idke iht! siiurc-bird-4 on the sea.
Shore-birds, howthey wjt hearts longing
For tb' linppinessof home!
As aruiiiid the wearied vessel
They ir; (lucke <if Ijcanlycuiiii';
They uur vciitiire I'nr and fanbtr
in tJiecului iif sia and sky,
Siiigtngglail; bul xvlmn Uie teniporf
Thrcateii-i and the rocks are nigh,
Tfiiii ibcy, landward wildly winging,
Scrratii the otowvi :ir. ilie gal-,
Of a shock ainoTig the bri-Akers,
Tu llie ruin rtLshing sail.
Stu these ssjurits froin yon bright idiorc,
Goldeiifd with llie saud of .starj
"When Oud':# (ruUi luis calaied lite billows
Of oer l>eirig's pa.îcn-wai3
Then these S|<iril* cometo visit,
Cutno t4i viait and cn:u-ok,
Bipphig aitgri pinions round us
In :lie earthly scti cf soul
Cheering onward, or elwi wamtrff
Of }-nnu> thiinderiitgtciu|)!Sst nigh,
Or t-nme socrcL ruck uf min
On the voyage to the sky.
TJii-y arc ruuad lisroiirui u-s ever;
*Tis their prcsruice iu the &<>u1,
Wht ii afTvtions, like full Ibunlnins,
Gn.sh fwon Ihcncc wiihnnt ciiiiirol;
When the lliiilliiig hcaii-corils qidvcr
As a ha.'qi'.s air MiiJitci) siringx,
'Tih their rwcepdug angel hitgravt,
Or their brusblisgaug.*] wings;
Wliec the s.n:l <jf earth inkes pinion
For a heavenward faitli-flighl far.
Upward through the awful uo'Lfag
Beckon they from.star t.i .star.
Ofi tliry glide down hi our slumbers
Tho<c wlmiB oi: the earth we ktiow,
And those who have lived hcfure ui
And wr wake Ui live anew;
For their voices, mvo-i, imd snleinn,
Thuugli but. tipp.leA of the tone
Which u]ibiUiiws, Ruwic'-S ocean,
Evir rmind the (Jreat Whito Throne;
Yet iuFpii'o us with raomluugiug
For the glory in the sky
For tho happy life ituuioriril
Of these angels hoveringiiigh.
Page 1 of2
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Making ofAmerica Journal Articles

I nf: liit to lho?v. hv must
j?jin ihc ci^ri-it'iil. yf lie ui!:, wi'ls-yul whLh the
bi'St .nrlvicf Jinil tlio bos-t couiisr! w;lf be
Petroreh.
Wrli sTTctt voiif'-i, suLtiuv. w<arj:inffB
Of dn! bfiiix ye*, lo bo,
oj *piriln linger rcaad us,
Like Uie :^Le/o-birds on ibc he^
Making of America Journal Articles
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HISTORY
OF
CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON
COUNTY.
OHIO
THEIRPAST AND PRESENT.
INCLUDING
EARLY SETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT; ANTIQUARIAN RESEARCHES;
THEIRABORIGINAL HISTORY; PIONEERHISTORY; POLITICAL ORGAN
IZATION; AGRICULTURAL, MININGAND MANUFACTURING
INTERESTS; AHISTORYOF THE CITY, VILLAGES AND
TOWNSHIPS; RELIGIOUS, EDUCATIONAL, SOCIAL,
MILITARY AND POLITICAL HISTORY; STAT
ISTICS; BIOGRAPHIES ANDPORTRAITS
OF PIONEERS AND REPRESENT
ATIVE CITIZENS, ETC.
ILLUSTRATED.
CINCINNATI, OHIO:
S. B. NELSON & CO., PUBLISHERS
S. B. NELSON. J. M. RUNK.
1894.
jSt
264 - fflSTORY OF CINCINNATI AND HAMILTON COUNTY.
MORE LITERARY VENTURES.
In 1850 the local chroniclers inform us that there were nine English and four German
dailies in Cincinnati, most of them with weekly and some with other editions. Altogether
there were eleven English and four German weeklies, with two semi-monthlies, which
shows the rapid progress that was being made in the diffusion of literature for the masses.
It is claimed that one of the finest publications of this era was a monthly quarto magazine,
embellished with fine steel engravings, which was published by R. E. Edwards, in
connection with the Arts' Union Gallery. In January, 1853, a weekly magazine of sixteen
octavo pages, of somewhat similar character, called the Pen and Pencil, was started by
William Wallace. It only survived about a year. Next came the Genius of the West, a
bright and promising monthly of thirty, two octavo pages, started in October of the same
year by Howard Dunham, who had been conducting for some time a semi-monthly musical
and literaryjournal known as the Gem. It started with a vigorous life, and embraced among
its contributors Miss Alice Gary, and a number of other writers of note. About the middle
of 1854 Mr. Dunham took into editorial partnership Coates Kinney and Charles S.
Abbott,, but soon withdrew to start another periodical of like character, which be called
The Western. His venture proved a failure at the end of three numbers. In the following
August we find W. T. Coggeshall engaged as a co-editor of the Genius. The next month
Mr. Abbott withdrew, and Mr. Kinney in July, 1855. In the latter part of this year Mr.
Coggeshall disposed of the magazine to George K. True, a young poet and essayist of
Mount Vemon, who bravely maintained it for six months, when it went to join the
innumerable caravan of literary failures. It was a very excellent magazine while it lasted,
and had many fiiends, but at no time more than paid expenses ofpublication.
Dailies:-At the close of 1859 Mr. Cist enumerated the dailies as follows: Gazette and
LibertyHall, Enquirer, Times, Commercial, Volksblatt, Volksfi*eund, Republikaner, Permy
Press, Law and Bank Bulletin.
Eden Hall CO/fTE^ Page 1of 1
Eden Hall
Eden Hall is Xenia's grandest historical building, a huge, ornate home with 13-foot ceilings and
over 750 paintings inside. It was built in 1840by Abraham Hivling, whose freed slaves made the
bricks. In 1881 it was purchased for Colonel Coates Kinney by his in-laws. President William
McKinley was a guest here, as was Secretary of State John Hay. This house is featured in Helen
Hoover Santmeyer's novel And Ladies ofthe Club....
Mysterious lights are seen inside Eden House. Doors open and close by themselves. Cold spots
move throughout the house. Children's footsteps are found in the dust, and on occasion
mysterious music wakes guests upwaltzes and old-fashioned dance musicaccompanied by
voices.
It's believe that members of the family haunt the building, especially an ill-tempered woman who
was a character in Santmeyer's book who lived on the third floor. 1believe that this building is
available for tours.
Back
pitbOC
068
http://www.forgottenoh.com/Counties/Greene/eden.html 4/9/04
RIDPATH, John Clark Page 1 of 2
Source: History of Boone County, Indiana, by Hon. L.M. Crist, 1914.
JOHN CLARK RIDPATH John Clark Ridpath, the historian, was bom in Putnam
county, Indiana, April 26,1840. His father and mother were both Virginians from
Christiansburg. He died in New York City, July 31,1900 and was interred at Greencastle,
Indiana. He was married December 21,1862, to Haimah R. Smythe at Greencastle,
Indiana. He graduated at Asbury University, in the class of 1863; was professor in the
Thomtown Academy, 1863-1866. His entire life was devoted to literature. From 1874 to
1893, he wrote several Histories ofthe United States, viz: Academic, Popular, Grammar
School, Columbian and four volumes of Cyclopedia ofUniversal History; also the lives
ofJames Garfield, James G. Blaine, Napoleon Bonaparte, Bishop William Taylor and
many others, including a library of Universal Literature. His entire life was devoted to
arduous literary toil, producing some work each year, besides lectures and articles for
periodicals. He was a great worker. It is said that in producing the Cyclopedia of
Universal History, that he stuck to his task for seventeen months, without intermission
and at the end was in nowise fagged. This work is in four octavo volumes, extending to
more than three thousand pages and illustrated by maps and charts, portraits and sketches.
His last and greatest work was "Great Races ofMankind," dedicated to his wife. This
work appears not only in the current four-volume edition, but also in an eight-volume
edition de luxe ofunusual elegance. Almost every page of "Great Races" shows the
author's vigor ofthought, sound logic and the firm working ofthe historical imagination.
There is in the style that living light which illumines each paragraph and flashes into the
readers' understanding. For the rest, the miscellaneous writings ofthis industrious and
capable writer can hardly be enumerated. His incidental pieces are found in journalism,
scattered far and wide.
In April, 1891, Doctor Ridpathwas honoredby the people with a notable celebrationof
his semi-centennial anniversary, which was one ofthe most brilliant affairs ofthis nature
ever known in the west. His literary friends and admirers throughout the land contributed
to its eclat. The DePauw rostrum was dignified by the presence of over two hundred of
the most distinguishedliterary men and women in the Mississippi valley. President J. P.
D. John, of DePauw, presided. The principal address ofthe evening was given by the
veteran orator, Richard W. Thompson, ex-secretary of the navy. The presentation speech
was by ex-Govemor Cumback, of Indiana. Tributes were sent from all parts ofthe
countryincludingCanada and several places in Europe. Minister Terrell, representingthe
United States at Brussels, who had been Doctor Ridpath's student in International Law,
headed the foreign contributors. The poets, James Whitcomb Riley, Coates Kiimey,
James Newton Matthews, Madison Cawein, Evaleen Stein, Alonzo H. Davis, and many
others sent special poems. Several leading artists contributed original sketches. All of
these tributes were collated, and published as a memorial ofthe occasion, making two
volumes of nine hundred pês each.
Four years ofthe active formative period ofthe life of Doctor Ridpath, where he received
his training for his usefiil career were spent in Boone county, in faithful service in the
Thomtown Academy. To Mr. and Mrs. Ridpath were bomthree daughters and one son,
all reared, and graduated from DePauw University: Minnie Claire Thayer, bom
November 8, 1865, in Thomtown, Indiana; Mary L. Mann, bom September 19,1867, at
Lawrenceburg, Incfrana; Clark Edward Ridpath, lawyer at Greenfield, was bom May 28,
1871, in Greencastle, Indiana; Myrtle Vivian Cook, bomApril 24, 1879, in Greencastle,
Indiana. These children inherited many oftheir father's and mother's talents and many of
their traits.
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COOK JOHN MANN RIDPATH SMYTHE THAYER
Submitted by Amy K Davis
http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~jaheine/JohnClarkRidpath.html 4/19/04

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