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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI






Infrastructural development
mirrors the overall health of a
nations economy. This is
particularly true for developing
economies where investments
in Infrastructure
Development promotes
growth, improves lives and
help reduce poverty. India
has invested heavily in
infrastructure development
and in order to realize the
benefits, it is vital that the
projects are implemented as
per the approved plan and
within the budgeted time and
cost. Presently there are
several Central Public Sector
Undertakings which are
implementing multiple
Infrastructure projects across
the length and breadth of the
Country. In order to have a
Macro view of the current
status of these projects, there
is a need for an apex body
that can effectively monitor the
projects and provide
meaningful analysis that can
help the administrative
agencies and policy makers in
planning future course of
actions.
Infrastructure and Project
Monitoring Division, a division
of Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation is
mandated with the task of
monitoring the infrastructure
projects being implemented by
the Central Public Sector
Undertakings.







nfrastructure is the basic
physical and
organizational structures
needed for the operation of
a society or enterprise, or the
services and facilities
necessary for an economy to
function. It can be generally
defined as the set of
interconnected structural
elements that provide
framework supporting an entire
structure of development. It is
an important term for judging a
country or region's
development. Physical
infrastructure is directly
proportionate to the growth and
development of a country.
The Government of India has
always been quite forthcoming
when it comes to the up
gradation of infrastructure.
There has been a strong focus
on assuring effective
implementation of associated
projects though budgetary
allocations, tariff policies, fiscal
incentives, private sector
participation and public-private
partnerships (PPPs).
The Planning Commission has
projected that investment in
infrastructure would almost
double at US$ 1,025 billion in
the Twelfth Five Year Plan
(2012-17), compared to US$
514 billion in the Eleventh
Plan. Of the US$ 1,025 billion,
50 per cent is expected to
come from private sector,
whose investment has been 36
per cent in the Eleventh Plan.
The Central Public Sector
Undertakings (CPSUs) have
an important role in the
development of the country
and even though the private
sector has been increasingly
involved, it is the public sector
which is the bulwark in the
infrastructure development.
Currently, the CPSUs are
engaged in executing more
than 560 projects in 14
different Infrastructure sectors.
The total original cost of these
projects is more than Rs.
790,000 crore. Successful &
timely delivery of these
infrastructure projects would be
most crucial for economic and
social growth, and any
inefficient project delivery
would be detrimental to the
growth of the economy. A
number of these projects are
delayed and are also suffering
Infrastructure Project
Monitoring System of
MoSPI
I
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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI

from cost overruns. In view of
this, constant monitoring of
these projects health and
regularly controlling projects
overall status is vital for
ensuring the successful
implementation of these
projects. This requires periodic
compilation of related data
from the several project
executing agencies spread
across the Country and
analyze it for the consumption
of various stakeholders. This is
an immense task and to
achieve it a project monitoring
system was designed and
implemented.


IPMD, M/o Statistics and
Programme Implementation

The Infrastructure and Project
Monitoring Division in the
Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation
(MoSPI) is the management
arm of the Government of India
(GOI). It has been mandated
with monitoring of all Central
Public Sector Infrastructure
projects costing over Rs. 150
crore.

IPMD brings out periodical
reports, review notes
highlighting deficiencies and
action areas facilitating the
administrative ministries and
project authority concerned in
timely implementation of
projects and programmes and
provides control mechanism to
arrest delays in
implementation. It also assists
apex GOI bodies such as
Public Investment Board (PIB),
Committee of Secretaries
(COS) and Cabinet Committee
on Infrastructure (CCI) in
reviewing and decision making
process. Project Monitoring
Division of the MOS&PI
besides appraisal and
monitoring of the projects, acts
as nodal agency, takes up
measures to improve the
systems and procedures,
facilitates adoption of latest
project management
techniques and enhancement
of the ability of the project
managers and the
management professionals.

The Project Monitoring System
forms the source of information
for most of the activities of
IPMD,MoSPI.

PROJECTS AND PROJECT
MONITORING PROCESS

CPSUs are engaged in
implementing projects in
several key infrastructure
sectors. Some of these sectors
are:
Power
Road and Highway
Railways
Petroleum
Shipping and Ports
Telecommunication
Coal and Mines
Heavy Industries
Urban Development
etc.
The monitoring of the projects
entail collection of certain key
data from the ongoing projects
which are then compared with
the data from other periods in
order to calculate the
deviations in the
implementation from the
original plans.

The date of approval for the
project by the appropriate
sanctioning authority is
generally taken as the zero
date for the project. The
approved date of
commissioning for the project
is taken as the original date of
commissioning. At the start of
the project the original date of
commissioning is taken as the
anticipated date of
commissioning as well. Once
the project is in the execution
phase, based on the ground
realities the project executing
agencies regularly update the
anticipated date of
commissioning. The variance
between the original and the
anticipated date of
commissioning forms the basis
for analyzing delays in the
projects. A similar approach is
employed to monitor the health
of the project with respect to
the costs.

Some of the basic data set
required for macro level
monitoring of projects are as
follows
Project Commissioning
Date (Original)
Project Commissioning
Date (Revised)
Project Commissioning
Date (Anticipated)
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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI

Project Cost (Original)
Project Cost (Revised)
Project Cost
(Anticipated)
Expenditure Budgeted
for a period
Expenditure occurred
over a period
Tracking of milestones
with special emphasis
on critical milestones
Physical Progress
Problem areas
Reasons for time/cost
overrun

PROJECT MONITORING
SYSTEM

Based on the above principles,
Infrastructure and Project
Monitoring Division, MoSPI
designed and developed a
software solution that collates
macro-level information from
any number of Government of
India sponsored Infrastructure
projects and generate
analytical reports for the
consumption of the
stakeholders.

As soon as a project is
approved, it is brought under
monitoring by assigning a
unique identifier to it in the
system. The associated data
sets that defines the project
are also created at this point in
time. Some of the master
datasets are as follows:
Project Name
Sector
Executing Agency
State(s)
Initially approved cost
and schedule
Background
Information etc..

All project executing agencies
have been assigned userid &
password, through which they
can access the system and
add/modify the data for
projects being executed by
them. The basic process flow
of the system is as follows:

SYSTEM PROCESS FLOW

The Project Monitoring System
provides a web-based simple
interface for entering the
project related data like the
original and revised dates,
original and anticipated costs,
expenditure and background
information. The data for each
project is collected every
month and goes through the
following process:

Data entry for the
projects is allowed for a
particular month. Project
agencies are supposed to use
the web-interface to fill in the
data for all projects being
implemented by them. Every
agency is provided with a
unique user-Id. Each project is
identified by a unique-Id. The
User can also select a project
by its name.
After allowing entry of
project data for a fixed period,
the data entry for the month is
frozen. In-order to weed out
data entry errors and other
inconsistencies, the system
generates algorithm based
error reports. These reports
are used to cross check the
data and if required, data
verification is also done with
the reporting agencies. Any
inconsistency found is
corrected during this phase.
After data correction,
the data entry for the month is
closed and the data entry for
the next month is opened. At
this stage, the project agencies
can start entering the data for
the next month.
Post the data collection
phase, the data is analyzed,
and various reports are
prepared.
The highlights of the
reports along with detailed
analysis is distributed to
various stakeholders like
administrative ministries of the
project executing agencies,
Planning Commission, PMO
etc..



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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI


PHYSICAL
IMPLEMENTATIONS

The Project Monitoring System
has been implemented on the
client-server model with
servers located behind a Cisco
Firewall.

Application and Web
Servers:This has been
implemented as a two-node
failover cluster. For the
external users, Application and
Web servers are accessible
only through the Firewall. The
failover cluster provides better
availability for the application.











Process flow of the Project Monitoring System

System architecture of the Project Monitoring System
1
Open Data
Entry for the
Next Month
2
Data entry by
PSUs
3
Freeze Data
Entry for the
Month
4
Data
validation by
IPMD
5
Data
Correction, If
required
6
Close Data
Entry for the
Month
7
Data Analysis,
Report
generation
8
Publish Project
Status Reports
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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI

Database:The database is
setup on a up on a raid-5
configuration. Database can
only be accessed from the
application and Web servers.
The raid-5 configuration
provides fault tolerance
through redundancy.
Scheduled backups are stored
at different locations.


TECHNOLOGY

The System has been
developed using the following
components:

Operating System Windows
2003 Server
Web Server - Apache Tomcat
DataBase Oracle 9i
Application Server Oracle
10g
Front End Forms 10g, Report
10g, PLSQL Server Pages.

REPORTS AND OTHER
OUTPUTS

The data collected for the
ongoing projects are analysed
and made available to the
stakeholders in various reports,
each designed to serve a
unique purpose. Some of the
most used reports generated
from the system are:

Monthly Flash Report
This report presents an
sectoral overview of all the
projects on the monitor.

Quarterly Progress report
This is an in-depth analysis of
all the ongoing projects and
their progress vis--vis the last
quarter. This report also
includes a detailed analysis of
every project on the monitor.

Mega Progress Report
This report brought out monthly
provides an overview of the
mega projects (costing over Rs
1000 crore).

Snapshot
The purpose of the report is to
provide a consolidated
snapshot of all the ongoing
projects with the aid of a
limited charts and graphs.

The analyses in all the reports
are based on the following
criterion:

Changes in anticipated
schedule of the projects vis-
-vis the schedule reported
in the last period.

Changes in anticipated cost
of the projects vis--vis the
cost reported in the last
period.

Track budgeted and actual
expenditure for the period
and the cumulative for the
financial year.

Check whether the
expenditure on the projects
has surpassed the originally
approved cost.

Check whether the projects
have reported a revised
scheduled or cost.

Check for new projects and
projects that have been
completed.

Monitor the individual
projects as well as the
sectors to which these
projects belong.

Analyses of projects based
on the specific
regions/States of the
Country.

Categorisation of projects in
groups - having time
overruns, having cost
overruns and having both
time and cost overruns.

Highlighting projects that
are not reporting critical
information like anticipated
schedules and costs.

Capture and analyse the
reasons for the time and
cost overruns in the
projects.

Monitor the achievements of
the project milestones.

Highlight delays in
completion of critical
milestones as delay in
critical milestone signify
delay in the project itself.

In addition to the above
mentioned system based
processes, the monitoring of
the CPSUs Infrastructure
projects also involve certain
interventions that are critical for
maintaining the sanctity of the
published reports. Some of the
measures that are regularly
employed by IPMD are:

Cross verification of the
reported data with other
sources of information.

Following-up with project
agencies to ensure that all
projects are reported in the
system and their progress
are regularly updated.

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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI


ANALYTICS

The historical schedule and
cost related data collected
pertaining to various
Infrastructure sectors provides
an opportunity to perform
trending and other analysis.
The project monitoring system
presently performs some of the
following analysis which aids in
formulating administrative and
policy decisions:

Trend of overall cost over
in all the ongoing
infrastructure projects over
the last ten years.

Trend of percentage of
delayed projects over the
last ten years.

Pareto Analysis of reasons
leading to time and cost
overruns in a particular
sector.





Correlation between delays
and cost overruns in
projects of a sector.

Trend of additional delays
reported over reporting
periods by projects.

Percentage of projects on-
schedule, delayed and
ahead of schedule over a
period of time.

Trend of total cost, number
of projects and cumulative
expenditure of all the
ongoing projects in a
sector.

Range of delays in projects
of a sector over a period of
time.

Investment scenario for a
sector with original cost,
expenditure and
anticipated cost mapped
over a period of time.



Pareto Analysis

Historical Trend Analyses
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Rail Sector trend
%age Delayed Projects %age cost overrun
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Range of Delay in Rail
Projects
1-12 months 13-24 months
25 and above
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Infrastructure and Project Monitoring Division, MoSPI


FUTURE PLANS

Over the years the Project
Monitoring system has
compiled a huge repository
of monitoring data of
Infrastructure project of the
CPSUs. IPMD, MoSPI
analyses this data to
generate sectoral trending
reports for variables like
time, cost, expenditures
etc.. Currently these are
achieved by customized
reports that have been built
into the system. It is being
planned to deploy a
Business Intelligence (BI)
module that can effectively
utilize the database and can
prepare analytical reports
on demand. This utility may
be extended to end users.

It is also being planned to
refine the actual versus
planned data monitoring in-
order to perform earned-
value analysis for the
ongoing projects.


For further information
SH. D. K. Ojha
Director (IPMD)
MoSPI
Sardar Patel Bhawan
New Delhi - 110001
Ph: 011-2336 2060
dkojha@nic.in

For Further Information