Year 11 Mathematics B

Tides and Period Functions

Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
Introduction
Sine and cosine are two o the !eriod unctions. The !rimiti"e !eriod o the sine or cosine is
a u## circ#e$ i.e. 2% radians or &'( degrees.


Tides are the rises and a##s o sea #e"e# caused )y the com)ined eect o rotation o the
*arth and the gra"itation o the Moon and the Sun. The tides occur with a !eriod o
a!!ro+imate#y 12 and a ha# hours and are in#uenced )y the sha!e o the near,shore )ottom. .
Period unctions can )e used or !redicting the tide in a ew days.
KAPS 1 :
The charts )e#ow are the source data rom the we)site and recorded in a a!!ro!riate ta)#e.
A## times ha"e )een con"erted to decima#s in hours.

Tue 22 Wed 23 Thu 24 Fri 25 Sat 26 Sun 27 Mon 28
Time Ht Time Ht Time Ht Time Ht Time Ht Time Ht Time Ht
0350 0.04 0421 0.13 0454 0.22 0534 0.31 0103 0.78 0234 0.77 0357 0.82
1031 1.46 1115 1.41 1203 1.34 1300 1.26 0631 0.39 0755 0.43 0924 0.42
1644 0.20 1737 0.31 1838 0.40 1952 0.45 1406 1.22 1518 1.21 1622 1.24
2230 1.10 2310 0.96 2357 0.85 2111 0.44 2216 0.39 2306 0.32
Year 11 Mathematics B
Tides and Period Functions
Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
Time Ht
Tue 22
3.8
0.04
10.5
1.46
16.7
0.2
22.5
1.1
Wed 23
28.4
0.13
35.3
1.41
41.6
0.31
47.2
0.96
Thu 24
52.9
0.22
60.1
1.34
66.6
0.4
72
0.85
Fri 25
77.6
0.31
85
1.26
91.9
0.45
Sat 26
97.1
0.78
102.5
0.39
110.1
1.22
117.2
0.44
Sun 27
122.6
0.77
127.9
0.43
135.3
1.21
142.3
0.39
Mon 28
148
0.82
153.4
0.42
160.4
1.24
167.1
0.32
Year 11 Mathematics B
Tides and Period Functions
Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
Time
Heights of tides
0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
MAPS 1 :
A sine cur"e wi## )e used to mode# the data. As the data shown$ the height o tide at &.-h is
(.(. and it is 1..' at 1(./h .Thereore$ the height o tide at midnight on the irst day might )e
c#ose to ( so that a sine cur"e is )etter used or mode##ing the data.
0owe"er$ data dis!#ayed a)o"e con not )e mode##ed as a norma# sine cur"e )ecause theheight
o tide cou#d not arri"e the highest !oint when it was recorded at the end o each day.Thus $
some o the data here need to )e de#eted when the cacu#ation is carring out. The ta)#e o data is
used or ma1ing a gra!h is shown as )e#ow.
Time Ht
Tue 22
3.8
0.04
10.5
1.46
16.7
0.2

Wed 23
28.4
0.13
35.3
1.41
41.6
0.31

Thu 24
52.9
0.22
60.1
1.34
Time
Heights of tides
0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
Year 11 Mathematics B
Tides and Period Functions
Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
66.6
0.4

Fri 25
77.6
0.31
85
1.26
91.9
0.45
Sat 26
102.5
0.39
110.1
1.22
117.2
0.44
Sun 27
127.9
0.43
135.3
1.21
142.3
0.39
Mon 28
153.4
0.42
160.4
1.24
167.1
0.32
KAPS 2 :
A"erage !eriod o the tide is e2ua# to the time o the high tide o the #ast day minus the time
o the high tide o the irst day and then di"ided )y num)er o !eriod .
31'(..41(./56'72..8-h
Mean high tide :
31..' 91..191.&.91.2'91.2291.2191.2.56:71.&1
Mean #ow tide :
3(.(.9(.1&9(.229(.&19(.&89(.&89(.&256:7(.2'
Mean tide #e"e# :
31.&19(.2'5627(.:8
A"erage am!#itude :
1.&14(.:87(./2
MAPS 2 :
y=.81593446806909sin(0.25246912526063x-
1.0870826042081)0.47083189584699
!
2
=9.724
Year 11 Mathematics B
Tides and Period Functions
Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
Time
Heights of tides
0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
As dis!#ayed in the introduction$ tides are the rises and a##s o sea #e"e# caused )y the
com)ined eect o rotation o the earth and the gra"itation o the moon and the sun.;t is <ust
#i1e the sine or cosine !eriod unctions which ha"e a !eriod im!acted )y the regu#ar changes.
0owe"er$ changes o tides are aected )y !#enty o actors . Besides rotation o the earth
and the gra"itation o the moon and the sun $ weather a#so has an im!act on the chang o
tide.Thereore$!eriod unctions can not demonstrate the ru#e#ess changs o tides which are
in#uencede )y weather or some other actors e+act#y.
Assumption :
A## o the data was co##ected correct#y.
=uring these days $ weather were a#ways the same.
The correct data is the essentia# condition and unchanged weather wou#d not ini#uence the
!rediction made )y !eriod unction.
Strengths and limitations:
>sing !eriod unctions is an easy way to orecast tendency o tides.;t can he#! to get to 1now
the tendency o tides so that !#enty o sea accidents can )e !re"entd eectie#y .0owe"er$
!eriod unctions used or !redictions o tides do not inc#ude weather actor which can gi"e an
Year 11 Mathematics B
Tides and Period Functions
Assessment 2.2
Name: Troy Rong
unoreseen im!act on tides o oceans so that !eo!#e can
not re#y on this way o orecast in dai#y #ie.
Bibliography:
www.)om.go".au6oceanogra!hy6tides6MAPS62#d.shtm#
htt!:66en.wi1i!edia.org6wi1i6?osine@?osine