ST MALACHYS COLLEGE

A2
SPANISH
REVISION AID
1) Make sure your notes are ALL ORGANISED - including your notes from AS
a) TOPIC notes - vocabulary etc all into topic areas (see A2 contexts for study on
page 2, AS contexts for study you have from the AS revision day in January)
b) GRAMMAR notes - you should have a separate file for grammar, make sure you
tick off all the grammar sections as you learn them. You have loads of practice
on grammar topics but extra exercises will be e-mailed to you or check the
wikipage http://spanishatstmalachys.wikispaces.com . YOU MUST KNOW
YOUR GRAMMAR!
c) COMO AGUA PARA CHOCOLATE - you have your CAPC booklet and your
chapter summaries, chapter vocabulary and exercises. Also make sure you have
all your practice essays, essay mark scheme and sample A grade essay. You
must know the book, the characters, the themes etc.
d) ORAL DISCUSSION - SOLAS. Again you have your booklet on Solas. Make
sure you are fully prepared for the oral discussion, use your time with Senora
Serrano effectively.
e) Use all past paper practice wisely and use them when you are revising. Make
sure you know the timing and requirements of all sections of the exam.
WHAT CAN I DO TO REVISE?
Revise key vocabulary from the topics covered throughout the year.
Look through previous Listening, Reading and Writing practice, especially past
papers.
Revise verbs, tenses and grammar points covered this year (see list later in
this revision aid)
Use useful revision sites given to you earlier in the year. Remember your
independent reading and listening
Practise translation from English to Spanish - see page 12 - 20

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CONTEXTS FOR STUDY

The following are the A2 contexts for study, make sure you have gone through
and learnt the vocabulary associated to these contexts. There is a further list
of vocabulary at the end of this revision aid.
Context 4: Local and Global Citizenship
Within this context, students at A2 should have the opportunity to understand and
explore issues in Spanish such as:

equality and inequality types/causes;

achieving equality in society;
discrimination and prejudice causes and consequences;
dealing with discrimination and prejudice;
poverty causes and consequences;
eradicating poverty locally and globally;
multicultural society challenges and pressures;
recent developments and changes;
immigration issues/benefits/integration;
understanding cultural differences;
development of local and global democracy;
causes and consequences of conflict; and
ending conflict.

Context 5: Environmental Awareness

Within this context students at A2 should have the opportunity to understand and
explore issues in Spanish such as:

importance of conservation for society;

different types of conservation;
opposition to conservation;
pollution and waste sources and solutions;
alternative and renewable energy sources;
causes and consequences of climate change;
role of governments in protecting the environment; and
collective and personal responsibility.

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The following is a summary of the topic of la pobreza. See further

powerpoint summaries on el medioambiente, la inmigracion, el
crimen y el castigo which have been e-mailed to you.

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Poblacin
mundial
27%
17%
3%
17%
4%

Cuota del
ingreso
6%
11%
3%
49%
4%

Tipo de
economa
Pases en
desarrollo
Reciente
industrializaci
n
Pases
industriales
Pases

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Part(s) of
Speech
Nouns
Articles
Adjectives

Examples

gender
singular and plural nouns
definite and indefinite
(including lo plus adjective
agreement
position
apocopation (buen, mal)
comparative and superlative
demonstrative (este, ese,
aquel)
indefinite (alguno, cualquiera,
otro)
possessive (long and short
forms) (mi, mo)
interrogative (cunto, qu)
relative (cuyo)
exclamatory (qu
comparative and superlative
interrogative ( cmo, cundo,
dnde)
(muy, bastante, poco, mucho)

subject
object: direct and indirect
position and order
reflexive

relative (que, quien, el que, el

Adverbs

Quantifiers/
intensifiers
Pronouns

Pronouns
(cont.)

Completed?

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Verbs

cual)
disjunctive/emphatic
demonstrative (ste, se,
aqul, esto, eso, aquello)
indefinite (algo, alguien)
possessive (el mo, la ma)
interrogative (cul, qu, quin)
regular and irregular forms of
verbs, including reflexive verbs
modes of address (t, usted)
radical-changing verbs
impersonal verbs
verbs followed by an infinitive
(with or without a preposition)
perfect infinitive
negative forms
interrogative forms
reflexive constructions (se
vende, se nos dice que)
uses of ser and estar
tenses:
- present
- preterite
- imperfect
- future
- conditional
- perfect
- future perfect
- conditional perfect
- pluperfect

passive voice:
- present and preterite
tenses
- other tenses
continuous tenses
imperative
gerund
past participle
subjunctive mood:
- present
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Prepositions
Conjunctions
Number,
quantity and
time

perfect
imperfect
pluperfect

uses of subjunctive:
- polite commands;
negative commands;
after verbs of wishing,
command, request,
emotion;
- to express purpose (para
que)
- to express
possibility/impossibility
after conjunctions of
time (cuando lleguemos);
in conditional sentences
after si
all other common uses
personal a
uses of por and para
common, including y, pero, o,
porque, como, cuando
constructions with hace and
desde hace

The examples in italics are indicative, not exclusive. For structures marked (R),
receptive knowledge is only required.

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A2 Translation Spanish
1.

acabar de ( to have just done something)

I have just written a letter of complaint to the manager
= Acabo de escribir una carta de queja/ reclamacin al jefe / al director/ al
gerente
The plane had just landed when there was a great explosion
= El avin acababa de aterrizar cuando se produjo una gran explosin
un chico bueno un buen chico
una chica buena una buena chica
We had just entered the building when the girl started to cry
= Acabbamos de entrar al edificio cuando la chica empez a/ se puso a
llorar
ponerse a to start

2.

desde hace
I have had this car for three months
= Tengo este coche desde hace tres meses
We have been friends for fifteen years
= Somos amigos desde hace quince aos
I had been smoking for five years
= Llevaba fumando cinco aos / fumaba desde haca cinco aos

3.

no slo.sino (que) tambin

not only did the food arrive late, but the waiter was also very rude
= No slo la comida lleg tarde, sino que tambin el camarero fue/se
comport de manera muy mal educada / grosera
not only did he take my passport, but he used my credit card as well
= No slo me quit el pasaporte, sino que tambin utiliz mi tarjeta de
crdito

not only does he speak Spanish, but Italian as well

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= No slo habla espaol, sino tambin (el) italiano

4.

Lo + adjective (thething)
The worst thing was that we couldnt eat or drink
= Lo peor era que no pudimos / podamos comer o/ni beber

The only thing is that I forgot to call him

= Lo nico fue que se me olvid de llamarle
5.
to intend to do something
tengo la intencin de
to dream of doing something
soar con
to refuse to do something
negar(se) a
to carry on doing something
seguir + gerund
to do something again
volver a
to usually do
soler
The government intends lower the voting age.
= El gobierno tiene la intencin de reducir la edad electoral
He has always dreamed of travelling to space
= Siempre ha soado con viajar al espacio
England usually lose against Germany in the World Cup
= Inglaterra suele perder contra Alemania en el Mundial
Its still raining
= Sigue lloviendo
6.

que or lo que
que that, which, who
lo que what, the thing that, which

7.

El vestido que has comprado te queda muy bien

Te voy a explicar lo que ha pasado
Eso es precisamente lo que nos haca falta
A mi parecer, lo que hacen no es justo

cuanto ms ms
The more I go to the gym, the quicker I run a kilometre
= Cuanto ms voy al gimnasio ms rpido corro
The more we use renewable energy, the more we reduce global warming
= Cuanto ms usamos energa renovable ms reducimos el cambio
climtico
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8.

al + infinitive
as he left the bank, he dropped an envelope
= Al salir del banco, se le cay el sobre
on seeing me, she burst into tears
= Al verme, se puso a llorar

9.

deber (de)
there must be some mistake
= Debe de haber algn error
we must have waited for 3 hours
= Debimos de esperar (durante) 3 horas

10.

por mucho que no matter how much.

however much I pleaded with them, they wouldnt let me do it.
= Por mucho que se esforzaba, no lograba repararlo.

11.

tanto..como
nobody is perfect. Both the English and the Spanish have their faults
= nadie es perfecto. Tanto los ingleses como los espaoles tienen defectos

12.

apenas hardly
I was so frightened I could hardly speak
= Estaba tan asustado que apenas poda hablar.

13.

subjunctive phrases
Its not that this lesson is boring, but it is period 5 on Friday
= no es que sus clases sean aburridas, en que hay period 5 el viernes
I dont think that Gordon Brown will win the next election
= No creo que GB gane las siguientes elecciones.
I hope that Miss Devaux has an excellent weekend
= Espero que La Seorita Devaux tenga un fin de semana excelente
Its vital that the government implement measures against violence in
schools
= es vital / esencial que el gobierno implante medidas en contra de la
violencia en las escuelas.

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Were looking for a solution that pleases everyone

= estamos buscando una solucin que guste a todo el mundo

A2 Translation Spanish
Top Ten Translation Traps
1.

The Subjunctive

A quick reminder.
Wishes, desires, orders
querer, decir, preferir, desear, gusta, esperar
Emotions
Estar enfadado que, Me alegro mucho de que..
Impersonal expressions
Es importante que, es terrible que, es una vergenza que
Recommendations and suggestions
Recomiendo que, sugiero que, aconsejo que
Doubt and verbs of belief used negatively
Dudo que, no creo que, no estoy cierto, no es verdad
Ojal
Ojal que ganen
Check the list of phrases that go with the subjunctive as well to remind you.
2.

If.Clauses
a) IF.the action is likely or probable, use.
PRESENT PRESENT/FUTURE
eg.
Si vienes, podemos salir para cenar
Si vienes, trae vino
Si vienes te invitar a cenar
b) IFthe possibility is remote or hypothetical, use
IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE (after si)CONDITIONAL
eg.
Si vinieras, te invitara a cenar
Si hubieras venido, te habra invitado a cenar
c) COMO SI..as if.always use
A PAST SUBJUNCTIVE
eg.
Marta habla francs como si fuera francesa
d) OJAL.I hope, if only, I wish
ANY SUBJUNCTIVE
Ojal que no vengan!
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3.

Ser & Estar

SER Use DOCTOR to remind you
when to use it

R elationship
madre)

D escription
(Ella es
alta)
O ccupation
(Soy profesora)
C haracteristic
(El es simptico)
T ime/Date
(Son las ocho,
hoy es el ocho de julio)
O rigin
(Soy de
Londres)

ESTAR Use SELF to remind you

when to use it
S tate
abierta)
E motion
L ocation
F eeling

(Ella es mi

(La puerta est

(Estoy contento)
(Estoy en clase)
(Estoy aburrido)

If you cant remember which is which, this might help:

How you feel and where you are that is when you use estar!

4.

El a personal

In Spanish, when people are the direct objects of verbs we need to

put an a in front of them. (Direct objects are nouns that are
affected directly by verbs, in other words, they receive the action of
the verb. Direct objects can be things or people, but we only use the
a with people.)
eg.
Veo a Juan los lunes
Visitamos a nuestros abuelos
We do not use the personal a with things, places or actions or when
you are referring to an indefinite person (you don't know if such a
person exists) or an unspecific person.
eg.
Ana quiere un novio inteligente. Ana hasn't met this intelligent
boyfriend yet; but that is the type of boyfriend she wants.
The use of the Indefinite Article un is a clue not to use the Personal a.
If Ana knows the intelligent boyfriend of Susana, we would say, Ana conoce
al novio inteligente de Susana

People
Busco al dependiente.
Miro al primo de Mauricio.

I'm looking for the sales clerk.

I'm looking at Maurice's cousin.

Things: no Personal a here!

Busco el bolgrafo de mi hermana.

I'm looking for my sister's pen.

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Miro el programa de Animal Planet.

5.

I'm watching the Animal Planet

program.

HACER in expressions of time

Hacer can be found in many idiomatic phrases, especially in those
to do with time. Note that the word order is variable for many of
these expressions.
a) hace + time + que + preterite or preterite + hace + time
b) hace + time + que + present or present + hace + time
c) present + desde hace + time
d) haca + time + que + imperfect or imperfect + haca + que
e) imperfect + desde haca + time

6.

Spanish Pronouns
Dire
Indire
ct
Possessi
Subject
ct
obje
ve
object
ct

Yo
me
T
te
l
lo
Ella
la
Usted lo, la
Nosotro
nos
s
Ellos
los
Ellas
las
los,
Ustedes
las

Reflexi
ve

Prepositio
nal

Reciproc
al

me
te
le
le
le

mi
tu
su
su
su

me
te
se
se
se

m
ti
l
ella
usted

nos

nuestro

nos

nosotros

nos

les
les

su
su

se
se

ellos
ellas

se
se

les

su

se

ustedes

se

Remember that with Double Object pronouns, the Indirect Object

pronouns le and les change to se when combined with the Direct
Object pronouns lo, la, los, and las.
Remember that the Possessive pronouns need to agree in number with
the possessed object; and in the case of the Nosotros form, the
pronouns must agree in gender as well.

7.

Conjunctions
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a) Y meaning and changes to E before I and HI (but not HIE)

b) O meaning or changes to U before O or HO.
c) SINO meaning but: after a negative, sino introduces a
contradiction.*
*sino que = verb eg. no habla sino que grita = he doesnt talk, but
shouts.
8.

Passive Voice

A passive voice is where an action described by the verb is being done

to the subject BY someone else (the agent).
The passive has two parts in Spanish SER + PAST PARTICIPLE
The past participle has to agree with the subject, not the agent in
gender and number, just like adjectives.
The passive can be in all tenses and moods by conjugating SER into
that tense or mood.
Alternatives to the Passive Voice
Use the reflexive SE eg. se sabe la verdad
Use todo el mundo, nadie or la gente eg. La gente sabe la verdad.
9.

GUSTAR and similar verbs

If the subject is singular use GUSTA, if it is plural use GUSTAN. The

indirect pronoun is NOT the subject of the sentence.
Similar verbs include: aburrir, bastar, caer bien, dar asco, doler,
encantar, quedar, volver loco, importer etc.
In order to clarify further the indirect object the sentence can begin
with a prepositional phrase. eg. A l le gusta la silla, A Mara le gusta
la silla.
10.

Apocope (Shortened adjective forms)

There are several adjectives that shorten when they go before

certain nouns.
The most common:
In front of masculine nouns

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alguno/algn
bueno/buen
malo/mal
ninguno/ningn
primero/primer
uno/un
Santo/San (only for masculine Saints)
In front of masculine and feminine nouns
grande/gran
cualquiera/cualquier

Spanish Correction grid for written work:

Cod Problems
e
1
Spelling
mistake
2
Gender:
(masculine or
feminine)
3

Plural

Adjective

Punctuation

Accent

Verb ending:
regular verb

Verb: irregular
or wrong verb

What you can do

-Check the word in your vocabulary
list.
Check whether it should be:
-un or una;
-el or la ;
-del or de la.
-Check whether it should be: los,las
or unos, unas or de los, de las.
-Check whether the word should end
with s, -es or ces.
-Check the position of the adjective.
-Does it agree with a masculine or a
feminine noun?
-Should it be singular or plural?
-Check that you have written a ? if
you asked a question.
-Check that you have a capital letter at
the start of a sentence or for the name
of a country.
-Should the word be accentuated (ej:
lpiz)?
-Use your grammar booklets & notes
to check that you have written the
correct ending.
-Check that you have used the correct
verb.
-Check whether this verb is irregular in
your grammar notes.

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10
11

Tense:
-Present : pst ;
- Conditional :
cond
- Future : fut ;
- Preterite:
pret;
- Imperfect
tense : impf
- Subjunctive
present : Sub
pst
- Subj.
Imperfect : sub
impf
Infinitive

13

Sentence
doesnt make
sense
Word(s)
missing
Word order

14

Wrong word

15

SER / ESTAR

16

POR / PARA

17

Preposition

12

-Make sure the verb is in the correct

tense to make sense in the sentence
and use your grammar notes for help.

-This verb should be written in its

infinitive form (i.e. to do hacer).
-Read this sentence/structure carefully.
Have you contradicted yourself or
missed a word out?
You have missed a word / words out.
The words are in the wrong order:
adjectives before nouns,
Use your vocabulary list or a dictionary
to choose the correct word (noun,
adjective, ) for what you want to say.
Use your grammar notes to check
whether you should use SER or ESTAR.
Use your grammar notes to check
whether you should use POR or PARA.
- Use your grammar booklet & notes to
check that you have used the correct
preposition.
-Have you forgotten the personal
preposition A (ej: ayudo a mi madre)?

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VOCABULARIO

LA CONTAMINACIN
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Vertidos mpl, aguas

residuales fpl
contaminante ms
contaminar
Gases de combustin

effluent

Residuo nuclear

nuclear waste

ms

Petrleo ms
Gasolina fs
Marea negra fs

petroleum
petrol

Oil, tar

CFCs

Alquitrn ms
Daar

carbon dioxide

Costa fs, litoral

coast

pollutant
to pollute
exhaust gases

oil slick

mpl

Plomo ms
CFC, clorofluorocarbono

lead

mpl

Dixido de carbono ms

to harm

ms

Gases de carbon mpl

Huella medioambiental
fs

Huella de carbon fs
Lluvia cida fs

carbon gases

climate change

ms

environmental
footprint
carbon footprint
acid rain

Agujero ms

hole

Aerosol ms

aerosol

Combustible ms

fuel

Convertidor catalticoms catalytic

converter
level
Nivel ms
Compartir los coches
Productos qumicos mpl

Cambio climtico

car-sharing
chemicals

Dificultades respiratorias breathing

difficulty
fpl
asthma
Asma ms
Hidrocarburos mpl

hydrocarbons

Va fluvial fs, va fs o
canal ms navegable
Ro ms

waterways

Ro mayor ms

main river

river

Calentamiento global ms global warming

Vertido, derrame
ms
Derramar, verter
Contaminacin
acstica fs
Emitir

spillage

Ensuciar,
manchar
Contaminar

to soil

Prejudicial

harmful

Sin plomo

unleaded

Txico,-a
Emitir, echar,
verter
Gasoil, gasleo

toxic

to spill, release
noise pollution
to release

to contaminate

to discharge
diesel

ms

Biodegradable

biodegradable

Residuos (toxic),
desechos
(rubbish) mpl
Trfico
rodado/areo ms
Nmero total de
coches ms
Sequa fs

Waste

Derretimiento de
los casquetes
polares ms

melting of polar ice

caps

Road/air traffic
total number of
cars
drought

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Radioactivo,-a

radioactive

Ola de calor fs

heatwave

LAS ENERGAS
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Energa fs
Recursos mpl

energy
resources

aislamiento ms
Poltica de
compromiso
total contra la
energa nuclear

insulation
policy of total
commitment to
nuclear energy

Recursos energticos mpl energy resources

gas
Gas ms

fs

Acabar, gastar
Utilizar, usar

to use up
to use

Carbn ms

coal

Agotar

to exhaust

inagotable
Dixido de carbono ms

inexhaustible

Agotamiento ms
Subministro de
energa ms
Aumento de
precios fs
Poltica
energtica fs
Escasez fs
Eficiente
Dique ms, presa

exhaustion

carbon dioxide

carbon gases
Gases de carbon mpl,
anhdrico carbnico ms
Huella medioambiental fs environmental
footprint
carbon footprint
Huella de carbon fs
wind energy
Energa elica fs
wind farm
Zonas elicas ms

energy supply
price increase
energy policy
scarcity
efficient
dam

fs

Turbina elica fs

wind turbine

Dar lugar a

to bring about

Solar

solar

to waste

Removable

renewable

No removable

non-renewable

Desperdiciar,
malgastar
Basura fs,
desperdicios,
residuos mpl
Oleoducto ms

De energa
A corto plazo

of energy

gaseoducto ms
Cao ms, tubera

gas pipeline

short term

waste
oil pipeline

pipeline

fs

A largo plazo
Panel solar ms

long term

Panel fotovoltaico ms

photo-voltaic
panel

solar panel

Crecimiento ms
Venir de,
provenir
Reserva (de
petrleo) fs

growth
to come from
deposit (e.g. of
oil)
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Geotrmico,-a

geothermic

Reactor ms

reactor

Maremoto

tidal

heating using oil

Compaa elctrica fs

Electricity
company
waves

Calefaccin por
petrleo fs
Calefaccin
Oriente Medio

middle-east

Olas (mar), ondas

(sonido) fpl
Disponer

heating

ms

to have
(availabl
e)

Mar del Norte

North Sea

ms

LA PROTECCIN DEL PLANETA

Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Cambio climtico ms
Calentamiento global ms
Efecto invernadero ms
Huella de carbono fs
Casquete glaciar ms
Nivel del mar ms

climate change
global warming

Mercado ms
Medioambiental
Negar
Escptico,-a
Encogerse
Aumentar

market
environmental

Efecto ms
Dixido de carbono ms

effect

temperature

carbon dioxide

Temperatura fs
A nivel mundial

Metano ms

methane

De media

on a worldwide
scale
average

Sostenible, equilibrado

sustainable

Deforestacin fs

deforestation

Sostenibilidad, equilibrio

sustainability

Especie fs

species

scientific
consensus
to preserve

En peligro

in danger

Amenazar

threat

Supervivencia fs

survival

Consenso
cientfico ms
Conservar,
proteger
Protestar,
impugnar
Retroceso de los
glaciares ms,
desaparicin de
los glaciares fs
Grupo de presin

greenhouse effect
carbon footprint
polar icecaps
sea-level

to deny
skeptical
to shrink
to rise

to contest
glacier retreat

pressure group

ms

En peligro
De caza

endangered

Explotacin fs

exploitation

Tratado ms

treaty

Edad de hielo fs

ice age

Protocol ms

protocol

Crculo ms

cycle

Pacto ms

agreement

Fluctuacin fs

fluctuation

hunting

Desaparecer
Refrigeracin fs,
enfriamiento ms

to disappear
cooling
ice sampling

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Ratificar

to ratify

Aumentar

rise

Dixido de nitrgeno ms

nitrogen dioxide

Datos mpl,
informacin fs

data

LA INMIGRACIN
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Inmigrante ms

immigrant

new arrival

Emigrar

to emigrate

Recin llegado,
nueva llegada
Chabolas fpl

Emigrante ms

emigrant

heritage

Inmigracin fs
De origen inmigrante

immigration

Patrimonio ms
(cultural) o
herencia fs
(dinero
Diversidad fs
Estilo de vida ms
Recibir, dar la
bienvenida a
Huir

to receive,
welcome
to flee

Centro de
acogida ms

reception
centre

shanty town

diversity

Asilo politico ms

of immigrant
origin
national,
immigrant
second
generation
immigrants
political asylum

Antigua colonia fs

former colony

Refugiarse en

to take refuge

colono ms

colonist

Gueto ms

ghetto

Pas receptor ms

host country

Marroqu

Moroccan

Pluriempleo ms

moonlighting

Tunecino

Tunisian

Lmites mpl, frontera fs

border

Argelino

Algerian

Inmigracin illegal fs

illegal
immigration
illegal immigrant

Europa del este

eastern Europe

Ilegal, sin
papeles
Raza fs
Nativo,
autctono ms
tnico

illegal, without
papers
race

ethnicity

Nacional, inmigrante
Segunda generacin de
inmigrantesfs

Inmigrante illegal

way of life

Refugiado ms
Buscador de asilo ms

refugee

De

from

Creciente

rising

Decreciente

falling

Etnicidad fs,
origen tnico ms
Minora tnica fs

Afluencia, llegada fs

influx

Origen ms

origin

Ola de inmigracin fs

wave of
immigration

Extranjero

foreign

asylum seeker

native born
ethnic

ethnic minority

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ST MALACHYS COLLEGE

LA INTEGRACIN
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Integrar

to integrate

Multicultural

multicultural

Integracin fs

integration

multiculturalism

Integrar

to integrate

Establecerse

to settle

Multiculturalism
o ms
Diversidad
social fs
Proceso ms

Documento nacional de
identidad, D.N.I ms
Nacionalizado

I.D. card

Valor ms

value

naturalized

Formacin

training

Adquirir

to acquire

Asimilar

to assimilate

Nacionalidad fs

nationality

Ciudadano ms

citizen

Comunidad fs

community

Ciudadana fs

citizenship

Pertenecer a

to belong to

Plan quinquenal 5-year plan for

(de 5 aos) para integration
la integracin

Estructura social fs

social fabric

Procedencia
social fs

social
background

Reconocimiento ms

recognition

schooling

Estigmatizar

to stigmatize

Marginalizar

to marginalise

Educacin fs,
estudios ms
Fracaso en el
colegio, fracaso
escolar ms
secularidad fs

Inestabilidad laboral fs
Trabajo inseguro
Adaptarse a

job insecurity

Velo islmico ms
Derecho ms
Deber

islamic veil

Asociacin de inmigrantes
fs

immigrant
association

view of
integration

Compromiso ms

commitment

Punto de vista
en cuanto a la
integracin ms
Exigencia fs

Pertenecer a

to belong to

Hbitos mpl,
costumbres fpl

customs, habits

social diversity
process

ms

insecure job
to adapt to

failure at school
secularism

right
duty

demand

EL RACISMO
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

Racismo ms

racism

Estar
perjudicado por

to be
prejudiced

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ST MALACHYS COLLEGE

Racista ms

racist

Perjuicio ms

prejudice

Xenofobia fs

xenophobia

Estereotipo

stereotype

Xenfobo ms

xenophobe

Discriminacin

discrimination

fs

Miedo ms
desigualdad fs

fear

anti-racism

inequality

Anti-racista
Luchar en
contra de

Intolerancia fs

intolerance

Igualdad ls

equality

Intolerable

intolerant

Grupo antiracista ms

anti racist
group

Extremista

extremist

Criticar

to criticise

Banda, pandilla fs, colectivo

gang

Lucha fs

fight

Ataque racista ms

racist attack

Luchar,
combatir

to fight,
combat

Atacar, asaltar

attack, mugging

Luchar en
contra de

to fight
against

Insultos mpl

insults

Insultar

to insult

Comportamiento ms

behaviour

Antiseminismo

anti-Semitism

ms

to fight
against

ms

Musulmn,-ana

muslim

Judo,-a

Jewish

Provocar
Desatar

to stir up

Amenazar
De raza mixta

to threaten

Partidario de/hincha de

supporter of

human rights

Provocar

to provoke

Derechos
humanos mpl
Condenar

to unleash

of mixed race

to condemn

RIQUEZA Y POBREZA
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

economa fs

economy

calidad de vida fs

quality of life

comercio, negocio ms

trade, business

nivel de vida ms

standard of
living

deuda fs

debt

deprived

Endeudado,-a
Estar endeudado,-a

in debt

Necesitado,
desventajado
enriquecer(se)
empobrecer(se)

to be in debt

to make rich
to impoverish

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crecimiento ms

growth

Los ricos y los

pobres

subsidio ms

subsidy

permitirse

the haves
and havenots
to afford

mercancas fpl, productos mpl goods

rate
tasa fs
sed fs

erradicar
deficiencia fs
Hambre,
hambruna fs

to eradicate

pobreza fs

poverty

pobreza

poverty

developing
country
gap

adinerado

well-off

pas en vas de
desarrollo ms
Intrvalo, hueco
ms, distancia fs
endmico

Indigencia, pobreza extrema

destitution

desequilibrado,
desigual
desigualdad de
oportunidades
Vasto, grande,
amplio, extensor
Impuesto sobre la
renta ms
tasar

unequal

personas sin
techo, los sin
techo mpl
recesin fs

homeless
people

fs

Privar a alguien de algo

to deprive

falta de, reduccin de... fs

lack, shortage

Apoyo ms

support

apoyar

to support

analfabetismo ms

illiteracy

Analfabeto,-a ms

illiterate

deficiency
famine,
hunger

endemic

inequality of
opportunity
widespread
income tax
to tax

recession

EL ORDEN PBLICO
Espaol

Ingls

Espaol

Ingls

ley fs y orden ms

law and order

traficante ms

trafficker

inseguridad fs

insecurity

drug dealer

delincuencia fs

delinquency

Traficante de
drogas,
narcotraficante ms
crimen ms

violacin fs

rape

comportamiento
criminal ms

criminal
behaviour

asesinato ms

murder

criminal ms

criminel

disturbio ms, algarada fs

riot

Pegar un tiro a

to shoot
(dead)

manifestacin

demonstration

disparar

to shoot

luchar

fight

prender fuego a

to set fire to

crime

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ST MALACHYS COLLEGE

robo ms

theft

pirmano ms

arsonist

robo a mano armada ms

armed robbery

corrupto,-a

corrupt

hurto ms

shop lifting

Polica, poli ms

cop

robo (en una casa)

burglary

fuerzas de la ley y
el orden fpl

forces of law
and order

secuestrar

kidnapping

arrestar, detener

to arrest

vandalismo ms

vandalism

estar detenido,-a

extorsin fs

extorsion

vctima fs

victim

Detener bajo
custodia
Cdigo penal ms

to be under
arrest
to hold in
custody
penal code

muerte fs

death

encarcelar

to imprison

matn ms

thug

corte ms

court

llevar a juicio

to take to
court
to condemn

timo ms, bacala fs, maquineto scum, chavs

ms

intento de asesinato ms
trfico de drogas,
narcotrfico ms

murder attempt
drug traffic

condenar
pena de muerte fs

cadena perptua

life imprisonment

prueba fs

death
penalty
evidence,
proof

READING COMPREHENSION
PRACTICE
TRANSLATION INTO SPANISH

EXAM TECHNIQUE
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El multiculturalismo
A. Qu es el multiculturalismo? Escribe una definicin:
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
B.

Lee este artculo sobre la canciller alemana Angela Merkel y el

multiculturalismo.
Traduce las frases subrayadas. Luego contesta a las preguntas en
espaol:

Angela Merkel: el multiculturalismo es un "fracaso

total".
La canciller de Alemania, Angela Merkel, ha dicho que los esfuerzos de su pas
por construir una sociedad multicultural haban sido un"fracaso total".Dijo que la
idea del multiculturalismo como la convivencia de personas con diferentes races
culturales no estaba funcionando en Alemania. Aadi que el islam ya era parte
del pas, pero que los inmigrantes musulmanes tambin tenan que hacer un
mayor esfuerzo por integrarse, por ejemplo aprendiendo a hablar alemn.
"Cualquier persona que no hable alemn inmediatamente no es
bienvenido", indic. La canciller seal que los inmigrantes
deben aprender alemn para poder competir en el mercado
laboral.
"A principios de los 60 Alemania convocaba a los trabajadores
extranjeros para venir a trabajar y ahora viven en el pas. Nos
hemos engaado a nosotros mismos. Dijimos: 'No se van a
quedar, en algn momento se irn'. Pero esto no es as", agreg
la canciller.
Sus declaraciones llegan tras algunas muestras de sentimientos
anti-inmigrante en el pas. Aunque dijo hace un par de semanas
que el islam era parte del pas, otros lderes polticos se
mostraron en desacuerdo. Una encuesta reciente mostr que
ms del 30% de los alemanes cree que Alemania fue "invadida
por extranjeros".
Los comentarios de la canciller se produjeron una semana
despus de una reunin de Merkel con el primer ministro de
Turqua. En el encuentro ambos lderes se comprometieron a
hacer mayores esfuerzos por garantizar la integracin de los 2,5
millones de personas de origen turco que viven en Alemania.
1. En tu opinin, cul es la actitud de Merkel en cuanto al multiculturalismo?
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
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ST MALACHYS COLLEGE

2. Qu opinas de lo que dice la canciller "Cualquier persona que no hable

alemn inmediatamente no es bienvenido"? Ests de acuerdo?
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
3. Por qu crees que los inmigrantes que llegaron a Alemania durante los 60, no han
vuelto a su pas de origen?
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
4. Qu se puede hacer para que los alemanes no se sientan "invadida por extranjeros".
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................
.................................................................................................................................
.....................................

31

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EXAMEN DE TRADUCCIN A2
TOPIC: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Domestic violence is, unfortunately, an issue for Spanish

women, Despite the laws, the restraining orders and the
support from associations and refuge centres for women, the
numbered of women killed at the hands of their partners
continues to increase.

In dealing with a situation of abuse,

there are indeed options: the victim can report the abuse,
separate and/or divorce, she does not have to risk her life,
bear the blows, insults and threats. It is, without a doubt, a
social challenge that highlights the situation of inequality and
discrimination that women live.

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