EDUCATION

Weighing the Future of

Nationhood

Introduction
Centrality of Education
The birth of an industrial economy required a
workface who possessed a new set of skills
that can no longer be learned within the
confines of the home or of the parish. Such a
requirement instigated the establishment
of a secular education system that utilize
a standardized curriculum and a common
language as medium for instruction.
(Gellner)

Introduction
Centrality of Education
With its current orientation, the educational
system
in
the
Philippines
ironically
contributes
to
the
creation
of
a
homogenized culture that is based on
consumerism and selfish individualism
rather than to the development of a more
civilized society that is based on prudence
and compassion. (Dionisio)

The Development of Philippine Education

TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal and
unstructured
-children were provided with
vocational training and less
academics by parents and
houses of tribal tutors
TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
- DECS (Elementary and High
School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

SPANISH MISSIONARIES
- education was religion-centered
- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are
separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled

THOMASITES
-American teachers
- free and compulsory elementary
- English is the medium of
instruction
- 600 teachers from USA taught in
Philippines

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil. History
and Character Education

FILIPINIZATION OF
INSTRUCTION
- free public school system
- assignment of Filipino secretary
for department of Instruction

The Development of Philippine Education

SPANISH MISSIONARIES

TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal
and unstructured
-children were provided
with vocational training
and less academics by
parents and houses of
tribal tutors

- education was religioncentered

- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are
separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled
TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
- DECS (Elementary and High
School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of
education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil.
History and Character
Education

THOMASITES
-American teachers
- free and compulsory
elementary
- English is the medium of
instruction
- 600 teachers from USA
taught in Philippines

FILIPINIZATION OF
INSTRUCTION
- free public school system
- assignment of Filipino
secretary for department of
Instruction

The Development of Philippine Education

THOMASITES
TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal
and unstructured
-children were provided
with vocational training
and less academics by
parents and houses of
tribal tutors

SPANISH MISSIONARIES
- education was religioncentered
- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are
separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled

-American teachers
- free and compulsory elementary
- English is the medium of
instruction
- 600 teachers from USA taught in
Philippines
TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
- DECS (Elementary and High
School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of
education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil.
History and Character
Education

FILIPINIZATION OF
INSTRUCTION
- free public school system
- assignment of Filipino
secretary for department of
Instruction

The Development of Philippine Education

TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal and
unstructured
-children were provided with
vocational training and less
academics by parents and
houses of tribal tutors

SPANISH MISSIONARIES
- education was religion-centered
- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled

THOMASITES
-American teachers
- free and compulsory elementary
- English is the medium of instruction
- 600 teachers from USA taught in
Philippines

FILIPINIZATION OF
INSTRUCTION
TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
- DECS (Elementary and High School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil. History
and Character Education

- free public school system

- assignment of Filipino
secretary for department of
Instruction

The Development of Philippine Education

TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal and
unstructured
-children were provided with
vocational training and less
academics by parents and houses
of tribal tutors

TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
- DECS (Elementary and High
School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

SPANISH MISSIONARIES
- education was religion-centered
- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are
separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled

THOMASITES
-American teachers
- free and compulsory elementary
- English is the medium of
instruction
- 600 teachers from USA taught in
Philippines

FILIPINIZATION OF INSTRUCTION
- free public school system
- assignment of Filipino secretary for
department of Instruction

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil. History
and Character Education

The Development of Philippine Education

TRIBAL TUTORS
-education was informal and
unstructured
-children were provided with
vocational training and less
academics by parents and
houses of tribal tutors

SPANISH MISSIONARIES
- education was religion-centered
- education for the elite only
- Spanish is compulsory
- Boys and girls school are
separated
- Inadequate, suppressed and
controlled

THOMASITES
-American teachers
- free and compulsory elementary
- English is the medium of
instruction
- 600 teachers from USA taught in
Philippines

FILIPINIZATION OF
INSTRUCTION
- free public school system
- assignment of Filipino secretary
for department of Instruction

TRIFOCAL EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
- DepEd (Elementary and High
School)
- CHED Higher Education
- TESDA Technology Based
Education

JAPANESE EDUCATIONAL
POLICIES
- creation of ministry of education
- teaching of Tagalog, Phil. History
and Character Education

Education, in its most fundamental function, is the tool to

empower a nations people.
It is through education that a nations
traditions
are
transmitted
throughout
generations.

Education starts with the most basic unit of society:

the family. A child then begins to integrate the
different patterns and everyday encounters into
his/her own understanding until he/she reaches the
formal education stage, wherein the logic and
morals are sharpened and he/she is trained to be a
productive member of the nation.

Productive points of the educational sector

We
By
Activism
cannot
insame
a education,
definition,
alter asitthis
David
is easy
existing
to
Yet such
in the
manner,
David
concur
implies,
organization
that
isthat
but
education
abyleg
simply
toalso
isthe
reforming
The
whole
States
explains
we
must
look
the the
way
structure,
educational
of passing
aassection
system,
ofand
the handling
bigger
for the
the
education
a down
fundamental
catalyst
future
picture.
educational
ofItthe
must
nations
system
besupported
governance
simply that
resonates
by the
and
for
social
change
meaning
leadership.
parallel
the basic
initiatives
logic
of
in other
the
larger
spheres
social
of
confrontation
of power
must
be taken
society
structure.
(David,
(David,
126)126)
in orderour
to avoid
into
initiative,
confronting
own
being
isolatedand
defeated. arena.
homeground
the educational
(David, 126)

Counter-productive points of the educational

sector

Availability
Colonial
Commercialized
Fascist
Those
the
marginalized
who
live into
Curriculum
It serves
Itofserves
the
and
the
interest
books
interest
of
arethe
of
hardwired
the
foreigners.
private
geographically
areas
repress
Proofour
sector.
isproblematic
the
abilities
use of
to
English
thinkhave
critically.
aslittle
the
access
to
good education.
Also, thebooks,
privatization
Especially
medium
of
our
instruction.
history
the
of schools serves the main interest of producing
contents are twisted and altered.
money, not good graduates.
There is the prevailing thought of Filipinos that a
diploma is good enough. Education becomes
materialized into just finishing it and becoming
employable.

Current State of the Philippine Educational

Sector
Language
Filipinos have earned a reputation as very
Randy David arguesHethat
then goes on to point out,
proficient English speakers. This has fortified a
what is important in learning
the use of a language that is
stereotypical role of Filipinos as workers abroad.
is not so much the amount
of to both teacher and
foreign
The proficiency of Filipinos in this foreign language
material one covers in a student
course can be a great barrier to
has also manifested itself in everyday
but rather the clarity byunderstanding,
which
and that the
communication (students in a classroom prefer to
the most basic concepts
are to a native language
switch
write essays in English most of the time) and the
explained. For David,often
thegoes a long way toward
distinction of class levels in the society (English
medium is the message.facilitating the learning process.
speakers dubbed as sosyal). Moreover, English is
taught from the very beginning of a childs
education, up until the tertiary level.

K+12

Current State of the Philippine Educational

Sector

The recently implemented educational system

adds two more years to the current curriculum.
This is in lieu of a purpose to keep in step with
the rest of the world.
While there is no sufficient hard evidence
to judge this system, those who oppose of
its implementation state that it is not
quantity, but quality (referring to the years
added versus the actual improvements in
the curricula of the nation).

K+12

Current State of the Philippine Educational

Sector

This argument is supported by the idea that the

Philippine schools will not be able to support the
additional years, given its current lack in the
material needs and its student-teacher ratio.
Another issue raised in the K+12 program is
the perception of college. Since a student
become immediately employable after high
school, the encouragement to go to college
eventually would dwindle.

Current State of the Philippine Educational

Sector
So what would work for an educational
system that promotes smooth nationhood?

The answer would be NATIONALISTIC,

SCIENTIFIC, and MASS ORIENTED education.
It is nationalistic in the sense that the development of
the manpower is geared for the benefit of the nation.
Scientific ,in the sense of how well-organized the
educational programs and curricula are.
It is mass-oriented such that quality education is
accessible not only for one or two social classes but for
all.