FLUID POWER

SYSTEMS
MECE 3320U

Lecture 2:
Introduction
Dr. Behnaz Rezaie P.Eng.

Introduction to
Fluid Power

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Power Systems

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Fluid Power I
Fluid

power is the technology that deals

with the generation, control, and
transmission of power, using pressurized
fluids.
It is Muscle of the industry.

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Fluid Power II

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Fluid Systems

Example: Robots in Tesla Plant

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_lfxPI5ObM

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

History of Fluid Power

1650: Fluid power technology starts with discovery of

Pascals Law;

1750: Bernoulli developed his law of conservation of energy

for a fluid flowing in a pipeline;

1850: above
applications;

1926: US developed the first unitized, packaged hydraulic

system consisting of a pump, controls, and actuator;

Modern Era: fluid power is used extensively in practically

every branch of industry.

laws

were

applied

to

Dr. B. Rezaie

the

UOIT

industrial

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Advantages of Fluid Power

Ease

and Accuracy of control

Multiplication
Constant

of Force

Force or Torque

Simplicity,

Safety, Economy
Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

Examples

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

10

Fluid Power Drawbacks

Oil

Leakage (H. Sys.)

Pipeline Burst(H. Sys.)
Noise (P. Sys.)
High Pressure Danger
Demand Accurate Design,
Installations, Maintenance
Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

11

Applications of Fluid Power

Fluid power derives high-wire overhead

team (sky-tram drive is pump (runs by 8 cylinder gasoline engine) supplied
pressurized fluid to 4 hydraulic motors.)

Fluid power is applied to harvesting

soybeans (Hydraulic Cylinders)
Fluid power is the muscle in industrial lift
trucks (Tilt cylinder and hoist cylinder)
Fluid power derives excavators(4 Hydraulic Cylinders)
Hydraulic power robot to rescue humans
Hydraulic control the pitch and yaw of wind
turbines(Hydraulic pitch and yaw systems)

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

12

Components of a Fluid Power

System, Hydraulic System
1.

A tank to hold the hydraulic oil

2.

A pump to force the oil through the system

3.

An electric motor or other power source to drive the pump

4.

Valves to control oil direction, pressure and flow rate

5.

Actuators to convert the pressure of oil into mechanical

forces or torques to do useful work. Actuator can either be
cylinders to provide linear motion (Fig 1-15), or motor
(hydraulic) to provide rotary motion (Fig 1-16)

6.

Piping, which carries the oil from one location to another

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

13

Examples:

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

14

Components of a Fluid Power

System, Pneumatic System
1.

An air tank to store a given volume of compressed air

2.

A compressor to compress the air that comes directly from

the atmosphere

3.

An electric motor or other prime mover to drive the

compressor

4.
5.

Valves to control air direction, pressure and flow rate

6.

Actuators, which are similar in operation to pneumatic

actuators

7.

Piping to carry the pressurized air from one location to

another
Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

15

Examples

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

16

The Fluid Power Industry

$12.7 billion Industry in US (2006)
Based on Sales records:
75% Hydraulic and 25% Pneumatic
Personnel:
Fluid Power Mechanics
Fluid Power Technicians
Fluid Power Engineers

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014

17

Food for thought:

List

5 Applications of fluid power in the

automotive industry.
What hydraulic device creates a force
that can push or pull a load.

Dr. B. Rezaie

UOIT

Fluid Power Systems

Winter 2014