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NAH
N U A L R E P O R T A
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2 Y L A W S

National Association of Hispanic Journalists

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

President’s Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Board of Directors/Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Year in Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Message from the Vice President of Print . . . . . . . . . .9
Message from the Vice President of Broadcast . . . . .10
Message from the Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
2002 Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Membership Figures and Web Statistics . . . . . . . . . .15
Spanish-Language At-Large Officer Report . . . . . . .16
Student At-Large Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Regional Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Region 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Region 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Region 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Region 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Region 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Region 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Region 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Region 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Code of Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

STAFF
Anna M. López, Executive Director
Joseph Torres, Communications Director
Yaneth Guillen, Administrative Assistant
Michael Reyes, Membership Services Manager
Kevin Olivas, Educational Programs Manager
Marco Botero, Professional Development Manager
Claudia Araujo, Membership/Registration Assistant
Michelle Vignoli, Program Assistant
Patricia Valda, Editorial Assistant
Michele Brown, NAHJ Intern

NAHJ
1000 National Press Building
Washington, DC 20045-2001
Tel (202) 662-7145
Fax (202) 662-7144
www.nahj.org
 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
3
his has been a record-
T breaking year for
NAHJ, a year in
which the organization has
experienced unprecedented
growth in membership, in its
programs and outreach, and
in its nationwide influence
over our profession and the
entire media industry.
When you elected me pres-
ident last June, I promised to
accept no more excuses from
the industry for its slow pace
in the hiring of Latinos or for
the disturbing decline in the
Juan González quality of the news coverage
many media companies pro-
vide to the American people.
I promised that NAHJ would:
1. Raise the bar for both
quality news coverage and
diversity,
2. Devise innovative new
programs to improve
hiring of Latinos and to
provide better training and
professional development
for our members in both
English- and Spanish-
language media,
3. Engage in timely and skill-
ful advocacy, not just over
instances of Latino stereo-
typing, but on the broader
issues confronting journal-
ists,
4. Expand and diversify our
financial base and our
resources to accomplish
our goals.
Well, we have done all that
and more. The numbers speak
for themselves.
• Our membership at the end
of 2002 was slightly less
than 2,300 — a nearly one-
third increase over NAHJ’s
previous highest member-
ship of 1,700. Our new life-
time members project, start-
ed in January, already has
11 members and we expect
to reach at least 25 at the
convention.
• NAHJ was more visible
than ever in the national
press. Among the many
instances were: my 90-
minute debate televised
over C-Span last fall at the
National Press Club with
William McGowan; our
condemnation of Vanity
Fair’s Dame Edna column
for anti-Latino remarks; the
dozens of articles and news
reports about our 7th annu-
al Brownout Report issued
in December and more than
a dozen interviews and
appearances by myself or
communications director
Joe Torres on NAHJ’s view
of FCC ownership changes.
• Our scholarship banquet in
February raised an all-time
high in revenue of $216,000.
• Our annual budget for the
current 2003 fiscal year has
nearly doubled — from
$1.1 million in 2002 to near-
ly $1.8 million. Despite the
increased cost of holding
this year’s convention in
New York City and several
new programs we’ve start-
ed, we are on target to meet
or exceed our budget goals.
• Our grant fundraising has
been remarkably success-
ful. This spring we received
a one-year $80,000 grant
from the McCormick-
Tribune Foundation to help
with our new Parity Pro-
ject. And the Ford Founda-
tion recently announced a
new $115,800 challenge
grant where Ford will
match dollar-for-dollar all
money we raise from indi-
viduals. In addition, Knight
Ridder has committed to
fund the publishing of a
new Spanish-language
stylebook that NAHJ will
issue in the fall, and we
hope to announce some
further grants later this
year.
But numbers are only part
of the story.
In October, the NAHJ
board of directors developed
and approved a comprehen-
sive five-year strategic plan
for the organization. This is
only the second time in our
20-year history that NAHJ has
had a strategic plan in place.
It is an enormously ambitious
plan, one which sets clear and
measurable goals for success.
We have called on the indus-
try, for example, to double the
percentage of Latinos working
in the nation’s newspapers in
five years — from 3.8 percent
in ASNE’s 2002 report to 7.8
percent — and we have
called for similar increases in
hiring by the broadcast indus-
try. How could such amazing
progress be possible when it
took the industry 25 years to
get to the current abysmal
number of Latinos?
Well, we are not merely
issuing a rhetorical challenge.
We have actually devised a
method for media companies
to achieve rapid results. Since
October, the board and the
staff have created and
launched NAHJ’s newest and
most exciting program — the
Parity Project. The project rep-
resents a radical departure for
NAHJ. Until now we have
largely been advocates for
change. With the Parity Pro-
ject we have become agents
for change. In other words,
we are now offering to direct-
ly partner with and assist
media companies that have
lagged in their attempts to
hire more Latinos and to
“adequately cover the Latino
community. Through the
Parity Project we are now
advising news executives and
training their staffs in how to
better serve the Hispanic
market. We are helping them
set concrete measurable goals
in hiring and coverage, and
assisting them to meet those
 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
4
goals.
I unveiled the Parity Pro-
ject concept in January at a
diversity summit of industry
executives convened by
ASNE. The project, which at
that point was still on the
drawing board, has become a
reality. We are currently part-
nering with the E.W. Scripps
Co. and have already
launched the project in two
cities, at the Rocky Mountain
News in Denver and at the
Ventura County Star in
Southern California. In Den-
ver, we are also partnering
with Viacom-owned KCNC-
TV. During the next few
months we’ll be launching
the project at several other
Scripps papers, as well as at
some papers in the Lee news-
paper group, and we are
actively seeking other broad-
cast companies to join.
The Parity Project has the
potential to become the holy
grail of journalism diversity
— a model approach that can
be replicated in newsrooms
around the country. The pro-
ject’s first two years are the
experimental phase, where
we will iron out all the creas-
es and seek to document sig-
nificant improvement in hir-
ing and coverage at our target
companies. Between 2005 and
2008, we plan to seek a dra-
matic expansion of the pro-
ject, and that’s why we’ve set
a goal of raising $3.6 million
just to finance it. We have
even launched a separate
fundraising drive we are
calling the Campaign for
Parity.
The Campaign for Parity
is only one part of a whole
new effort to sharply increase
and diversify our funding.
Obviously, if we want to
expand programs and have
more influence on the indus-
try, we need more staff and
more money.
So we’ve hired a profes-
sional development group,
the Metropolitan Group, to
assist us with fundraising,
and our hope is to hire a full-
time development person on
staff as soon as possible. Dur-
ing the next few months
NAHJ will embark on a bold
new advertising and
fundraising campaign, one
that will be geared especially
at wealthy individuals and
foundations. We will be hold-
ing a series of home meetings
around the country with
some of our celebrity NAHJ
members as headline guests,
and we will be seeking large
donations from those who
attend those meetings. The
message is simple: we can’t
depend on others to under-
write our quest for parity and
equality. Latino journalists
and Latino professionals
themselves need to start
becoming givers to groups
like NAHJ.
As part of this effort to
maximize our resources, the
board of directors has
approved a major change for
next year’s convention. We
voted to move the Noche de
Triunfos Journalism Awards
out of the convention and
turn it into a separate stand-
alone event. Beginning in
2004, the awards banquet will
be held in Washington, D.C.,
during National Hispanic
Heritage Month. It will
become a second separate
fundraising event, much like
the Scholarship Banquet in
New York City. Our staff
believes taking this approach
will raise significant new rev-
enues for NAHJ. Admittedly,
a few members of the board
opposed this decision, but the
majority voted to try it next
year as an experiment. Since
2004 is a UNITY year anyway
and our individual conven-
tion will be limited in scope,
we can assess how well it
worked.
There are many other
initiatives our Strategic Plan
envisions: the Spanish-
language stylebook that we
will publish in the fall, a new
Leadership Training Institute
that we hope to launch in
early 2004, and a new profes-
sional development program
for Spanish-language media
that we hope to start in late
2004. In short, our plan is to
grow and to grow rapidly. In
influence. In staff. In service
to our members.
And speaking of service to
our members, NAHJ became
involved in a controversial
issue this year — the labor
problems of some our mem-
bers who work for NBC-Tele-
mundo. We called on NBC to
treat their Telemundo
employees the same way they
do their NBC workers. We
did so because many Anglo-
owned media companies are
now creating or buying Span-
ish-language subsidiaries,
and we want to send a signal
to the industry that those new
Spanish-language employees
should not be relegated to
second-class status in their
working conditions. Our dis-
cussions with NBC were ami-
cable. They have assured us it
is their intention to do the
right thing, and we wish
them continued success with
their Telemundo operation.
Finally, I want to say a few
words about our involvement
in the biggest issue con-
fronting journalism today —
media concentration and the
new FCC ownership rules.
When the NAHJ board
began discussing this issue at
our October board meeting,
few journalists in this country
were paying attention to the
matter, or even grasped what
was at stake. In January,
when we became one of the
first journalism organizations
in the nation to officially file
comments to the FCC, we
 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
5
raised questions about how
these proposed changes
would affect Latino journal-
ists and the Hispanic commu-
nity. But the rest of the jour-
nalism community remained
silent. Then in late February,
we publicly criticized FCC
Chairman Michael Powell for
not holding sufficient public
hearings and the media com-
panies for not adequately
covering this important issue,
and we called on journalism
organizations to demand a
more democratic and open
process.
Over the next few months
our example prompted sever-
al groups, including the Cali-
fornia Chicano News Media
Association, UNITY, National
Association of Black Journal-
ists, National Lesbian & Gay
Journalists, and the Society
of Professional Journalists
to take similar public stands.
As a result of our efforts, and
those of other civic and pub-
lic interest groups, the FCC
was confronted with the
greatest public scrutiny it has
ever had over its rule-making
process. While Powell still
managed to push through his
agenda, the strong reaction in
Congress suggests that those
new rules may still face an
overhaul.
What NAHJ did was good
for journalism and good for
democracy. It sent a clear
signal to the industry that
this organization has
matured. We will no longer
be regarded as a marginal,
special-interest group only
concerned about Latino
“issues.” Rather, we are an
organization of American
journalists concerned first
and foremost about standards
and quality in the news we
deliver. And quite naturally,
as Latino journalists we are
especially determined to have
the staffs of our nation’s
newsrooms sufficiently
diverse and adequately
trained to provide the best
coverage for all Americans.
Yes, it’s been an amazing
year. All over the country
there is a new excitement
about NAHJ. Not only are
more people joining, more
members have gotten actively
involved. Our New York con-
vention host committee, for
example, had nearly 80 vol-
unteers, and we are likely to
have record convention atten-
dance as well. In Philadelphia
and other cities, new groups
have formed to start NAHJ
chapters, and student mem-
bership has increased dramat-
ically. Our regional directors
organized successful confer-
ences in four of the regions
during the past year and
numerous other special
events and networking meet-
ings. And next year, with
NAHJ’s own Ernie Sotomay-
or as president of UNITY and
with Anna López leaving to
become executive director of
UNITY, NAHJ’s influence on
our larger umbrella alliance
will be greater than ever.
But none of this would
have been possible without
support and active participa-
tion of the members.
I would like to especially
note the contributions of a
few people. Cecilia Alvear,
my predecessor, did a
tremendous job in profession-
alizing NAHJ’s work and has
continued to provide wise
counsel and support as an
ex-officio member of the
board. Anna López has per-
formed a marvelous job for
years as NAHJ director, and
she now moves on to even
greater accomplishments at
UNITY. Communications
Director Joe Torres has been
more than NAHJ’s
spokesman. He has been the
guiding force behind many of
NAHJ’s policy initiatives and
has also done a tremendous
job supervising the birth of
the Parity Project on a day-
to-day basis along with our
Parity Project coordinator
Mike Zamba. Convention
Chairperson Rose Marie Arce
and Program Chairperson
Carolina González and the
entire convention organizing
committee did a wonderful
job putting together perhaps
the best convention in
NAHJ’s history. Fundraising
Chairperson Iván Román has
enthusiastically guided that
committee and done a
remarkable job with one of
our new fundraising initia-
tives, the car raffle. All the
members of NAHJ’s staff and
of the board of directors have
performed above the call of
duty throughout the year,
even though they faced more
responsibility and a heavier
workload than anyone envi-
sioned. My special thanks to
Mort Zuckerman, the pub-
lisher of the Daily News, for
allowing me to take a four-
month leave of absence earli-
er this year, which allowed
me to devote crucial time to
fundraising for NAHJ and to
developing the Parity Project.
Our record shattering year,
however, is only the begin-
ning. Next year we must do
even better. I will repeat what
I said in San Diego: we have
some of the finest minds and
most dedicated journalists in
this country within the ranks
of NAHJ. If we stay united,
dare to dream and work hard,
we have the capacity to trans-
form the state of journalism
for Latinos and for all Ameri-
cans. So let’s just do it.
— Juan González
 BOARD OF DIRECTORS/COMMITTEES
6
Juan D. González
President
Columnist
New York Daily News
Art Rascon
Vice President, Broadcast
Anchor/Reporter
KTRK-TV
Jonathan J. Higuera
Vice President, Print
Business Writer
The Arizona Republic
Javier J. Aldape
Financial Officer
Publisher
La Estrella/Star-Telegram
Anne Vasquez
Secretary
Race and Demographics Editor
San Jose Mercury News
Michele Salcedo
General At-Large Officer
Assistant News Editor
South Florida Sun-Sentinel
2002 STANDING
COMMITTEES
ISSUES
Rafael Olmeda – Chair
PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Jon Higuera – Chair
SPANISH LANGUAGE
Liza Gross – Chair
AWARDS
Veronica Villafañe – Chair
Liza Gross
Spanish-Language At-Large
Officer
Executive Managing Editor
El Nuevo Día
Mark Hinojosa
Online At-Large Officer
AME Electronic News
Chicago Tribune
Luis Perez
Student At-Large Officer
Student
Brooklyn College
Iván Román
Region 1 Director
San Juan Bureau Chief
The Orlando Sentinel
Rose Marie Arce
Region 2 Director
Producer
CNN
Gina I. Acosta
Region 3 Director
Assistant Editor, Editorial
The Washington Post
EDUCATION/
SCHOLARSHIP
BANQUET
Rosa Maria Santana/Nora
Lopez Co-Chair
ELECTIONS
John Garcia – Chair
FINANCE
Javier Aldape – Chair
BYLAWS
Jon Higuera – Chair
TECHNOLOGY
Mark Hinojosa – Chair
Rafael Olmeda
Region 4 Director
Reporter
South Florida Sun-Sentinel
Nora Lopez
Region 5 Director
State Editor
San Antonio Express-News
Rosa Maria Santana
Region 6 Director
Reporter
The Plain Dealer
O. Ricardo Pimentel
Region 7 Director
Columnist
The Arizona Republic
Verónica Villafañe
Region 8 Director
Anchor/Reporter
San Jose Mercury News
Cecelia Alvear
Ex Officio
Producer
NBC News
MEMBERSHIP
Michele Salcedo – Chair
PERSONNEL
Juan González – Chair
FUNDRAISING
Iván Román – Chair
UNITY
Javier Aldape – Chair
STRATEGIC PLANNING
Juan González – Chair
CONVENTION PLANNING
Rose Arce – Chair
 YEAR IN REVIEW
7
DECEMBER
Covering War
NAHJ joined a coalition of
16 journalism organizations
that urged President Bush to
honor the guidelines the Pen-
tagon and media groups
established following the Per-
sian Gulf War for covering
U.S. troops in combat.
Brownout Report
NAHJ released its seventh
annual Network Brownout
Report that found that 0.62
percent of all news stories
that appeared on the evening
newscasts of ABC, CBS, NBC
and CNN in 2001 were about
Latinos. The report also noted
a positive trend. It found that
the percentage of Latinos
interviewed on Latino-related
stories increased from 24 per-
cent in 2000 to 67 percent in
2001.
NOVEMBER
Debating McGowan
NAHJ President Juan
González debated William
McGowan, author of Coloring
the News: How Crusading for
Diversity Has Corrupted Ameri-
can Journalism, at the National
Press Club. NAHJ challenged
the Press Club to host the
debate after it awarded the
author its top prize in the
press criticism category. The
debate aired live on C-Span.
OCTOBER
NAHJ Passes Strategic Plan
The NAHJ board adopted
a five-year strategic plan that
calls for dramatically increas-
ing the percent of Latinos
working in our nation’s
newsrooms.
The plan is NAHJ’s first
comprehensive strategy that
marshals its resources to
address the momentous
changes in the U.S. media
since the group’s founding in
1984.
The centerpiece of the
plan is the Parity Project.
NAHJ will identify cities
with significant Latino popu-
lations where Latinos are
underrepresented in the
newsrooms of local media
outlets. In those cities, NAHJ
will offer to work jointly
with existing print and
broadcast outlets, area jour-
nalism schools, foundations
and Latino community lead-
ers to develop comprehen-
sive model programs that
will increase Latino news-
room presence and influence.
AUGUST
Kidnapping Cases
NAHJ released a media
advisory in response to the
misuse of the term “Hispan-
ic” during several high-pro-
file kidnapping cases. NAHJ
urged the media to refrain
from using the term “His-
panic” as a physical descrip-
tion.
JULY
RTNDA Survey
NAHJ expressed alarm
with the results of the Radio
and Television News Direc-
tors Association’s annual
newsroom survey that
reported an apparent rever-
sal in minority employment
progress within the news
departments of the nation’s
television and radio stations.
The survey found that the
percentage of Latinos work-
ing at English-language TV
stations declined from 7.3
percent in 2000 to 6.1 percent
in 2001. It dropped in radio
from 5.5 percent to 2.4 per-
cent.
NAHJ Criticizes Press Club
NAHJ joined the National
Association of Black Journal-
ists in criticizing the decision
of the National Press Club to
award the book, Coloring the
News: How Crusading for
Diversity Has Corrupted Amer-
ican Journalism, its top prize
for press criticism. NAHJ
called on the press club to
sponsor a public debate
between NAHJ and the
book’s author, William
McGowan. In the book,
McGowan blames the push
to increase newsroom diver-
sity as the reason for the
decline in journalism.
Letter to Network
Presidents
NAHJ wrote letters to the
presidents of ABC, CBS,
NBC, CNN, FOX and PBS
expressing concern about the
lack of Latino anchors work-
ing on network news pro-
grams. NAHJ called on the
networks to develop and
consider hiring Hispanic
journalists for top network
news positions.
JUNE
President Fox Opens
20th Annual Convention
Close to 1,700 members
attended NAHJ’s 20th Annu-
al Convention in San Diego,
the site of the first-ever
national conference of His-
panic media professionals
back in 1982.
The convention opened
up with a plenary session on
U.S.-Mexico relations in
Tijuana with Mexican Presi-
 YEAR IN REVIEW
8
dent Vicente Fox. Fox
2
answered questions from
several journalists on the
0
relationship between the two
countries.
González Elected NAHJ
President
Juan González, a colum-
nist for the New York Daily
News, was elected NAHJ
president during the associa-
tion’s 20th annual conven-
tion in San Diego. González
is one the founders of the
association and co-founder
of UNITY: Journalists of
Color.
Eagle Tribune Wins
Martinez-Marquez Award
The Eagle Tribune of
North Andover won the
Guillermo Martinez-
Marquez award at NAHJ’s
Noche de Triunfos Gala dur-
ing the association’s annual
convention in San Diego.
The paper won for “Building
Bridges,” a story that exam-
ined the community’s racial
and ethnic attitudes as the
population of the city
changed from majority white
to majority Latino.
Hall of Fame Induction
NAHJ inducted Frank del
Olmo, associate editor, Los
Angeles Times; Félix Gutiér-
rez, educator and activist;
Paul Espinosa, independent
filmmaker and Frank
Sotomayor, hiring editor,
Los Angeles Times into its Hall
of Fame at the NAHJ 20th
Annual Convention in San
Diego.
APRIL
ASNE Newsroom Survey
NAHJ expressed its con-
cern with the results of the
American Society of News-
paper Editors’ annual survey
that found that Latinos made
up only 3.9 percent of all
newsroom employees work-
ing at daily newspapers in
2001. In 2000, Latinos made
up 3.7 percent of all news-
room staff.
JANUARY
NAHJ Protested
CNN Changes
NAHJ joined the Asian
American Journalists Associ-
ation in expressing concern
about the absence of on-air
anchors of color at CNN
during primetime viewing
hours as a result of changes
made by the cable network
to its anchor desk. NAHJ
called on the network to
keep diversity as a high
priority.
 MESSAGE FROM THE VICE PRESIDENT OF PRINT
9
t has been an honor
I to serve on the
NAHJ board the past
year. The whirlwind of activ-
ities driven by President
Juan González, fellow board
members and staff has creat-
ed an exciting atmosphere as
NAHJ has made its presence
felt throughout the journal-
ism industry. I am fortunate
to be part of it.
In particular, this past
year has sharpened my focus
on the needs of the industry,
Jonathan Higuera our members, our news-
Vice President, Print rooms and our communities.
It has helped me acutely rec-
ognize the challenges facing
our mid-level journalists,
entry-level professionals,
Spanish-language journalists,
students and newsroom
managers.
Newsrooms of today are
frenetic, challenging, fast-
paced environments where
decisions made at every level
are scrutinized and have real
consequences.
The need for us to be on
top of our game every day is
clear.
This past year, I have
spent a great deal of time
coordinating a leadership
institute for our members.
We hope to hold the inau-
gural class in the spring of
2004. The institute’s focus
will be providing the tools
that enable our members to
move into decision-making
positions in their newsrooms
or simply become more
respected and influential
members of them.
Another purpose is to cre-
ate a supportive network of
colleagues willing to share
experiences and real-life case
studies of success.
The call for newsrooms
and coverage to become
more intellectually rich
through diversity is getting
louder, as are its opponents.
We want our members to be
ready when the opportunity
arises.
The project has gained
support from the Freedom
Forum, which has already
offered its facilities at Van-
derbilt University in Ten-
nessee for the inaugural
class. But we must continue
searching for funders willing
to partner with us to make
this happen.
In another area, I have
also spent time organizing a
committee addressing the
training needs of Spanish-
language journalists. We
have formed a subcommittee
to tackle these issues and
we must again move for-
ward on projects that enable
our Spanish-language media
members to reach their full
potential.
In the fall of 2002, I
attended a meeting of the
Diversity Committee of the
American Society of News-
paper Editors. It was appar-
ent that the group was
impressed with NAHJ’s
higher profile, in particular
its Parity Project. As that
project moves forward, it
could become the model for
truly finding ways to inte-
grate today’s newsroom.
I challenge all members
of NAHJ to find ways to
contribute to making this
professional organization a
difference-maker. I welcome
your ideas and support.
And just as all politics
are local, organizing media
groups is often most effective
at the local level. I urge
everybody to get involved
in local events.
 MESSAGE FROM THE VICE PRESIDENT OF BROADCAST
10
hanks to NAHJ’s hard-
T working staff and our
president, Juan
González, the broadcast side of
NAHJ has witnessed some bold
movements this past year.
Last December, NAHJ
released its annual Network
Brownout Report. The report
received a great deal of national
exposure and once again
brought to light the dismal
progress the networks have
made when it comes to report-
ing about Latinos. The bottom
Art Rascon line? Virtually no progress was
Vice President, Broadcast made in increasing the percent-
age of stories about Latinos that
ABC, CBS, NBC and CNN
aired on their network evening
newscasts. However, there was
substantial improvement in the
percentage of Latinos inter-
viewed on Latino-related
stories.
In addition, NAHJ directed
strongly written letters to each
of the network news presidents
calling on them to aggressively
seek out qualified Latino jour-
nalists. This resulted in a one-
on-one meeting with CBS News
President Andrew Heyward and
Juan González. The meeting
went well and several pre-
screened audition tapes from
NAHJ members were given to
Mr. Heyward for viewing. Still
no hires yet, but Mr. Heyward
has given us his word more
Latinos will be eventually hired.
NAHJ in 2003 met with ABC
President David Westin as part
of a larger coalition seeking
improved coverage of communi-
ties of color.
The improved relations with
networks and the tireless work
by the convention committee has
also resulted in what will be a
powerful convention for broad-
cast journalists. The network
news presidents of ABC, CBS
and NBC will be the featured
guests at a newsmaker luncheon
to discuss the state of our indus-
try and efforts to diversify the
network news ranks.
NAHJ has also been involved
indirectly in the equal pay issue
at Chicago’s Telemundo station.
NAHJ called on NBC, Telemun-
do’s parent company, to treat
fairly its Spanish-language
employees. The Chicago Tele-
mundo employees requested that
the American Federation of
Television and Radio Artists
represent the station’s on-air
employees.
In addition, NAHJ has been
working closely with the
RTNDA on a number of issues,
including responding to a
RTNDA survey that indicated a
decline in the percentage of
Latinos working in local tele-
vision stations. This, of course,
is of great concern and we are
confident that the Parity Pro-
ject—which is now making
great progress in Denver and
Ventura County—will eventual-
ly help turn this trend around.
There are so many other
solid, positive movements
around the country—too many
to mention. But they range from
an increased number of small
market stations requesting Lati-
no résumés to growing requests
to have the NAHJ represented
at various forms or conventions.
It is clear that NAHJ is gradual-
ly becoming a more powerful
force throughout the country
and a voice of clarity and
representation for thousands of
aspiring broadcast journalists.
 MESSAGE FROM THE TREASURER
11
AHJ faced continued
N fiscal challenge in an
increasingly difficult
economy. Almost all non-
profit organizations were
forced to reassess programs,
focus on fundraising and
pare expenses in anticipation
on revenue shortfalls.
For NAHJ, 2002 was a
year of revitalization and
reaffirmation. This past year
saw the passage of a strate-
gic plan, the implementation
of the Parity Project and a
Javier Aldape new focus on fundraising.
Treasurer All had significant fiscal con-
sequences, but on balance
the organization finds itself
with a comfortable, yet cau-
tious fiscal forecast.
Major efforts were made
in these areas:
• The first audit in several
years was completed in
June 2003. This is an
important step for an orga- expected. The board reaf-
nization the size of NAHJ.
Biannual audits are
firmed the existing financial
strategy in the fall. Since
planned for the future. then, the funds have seen
modest gains.
• Budgeting and internal
The general and scholar-
reporting features were
ship operating accounts are
refined. There are now
held in lower-yield, cash-
clearer distinctions
based funds, as are the
between sponsorships and
remaining funds from the
donations, as well as funds
multi-year Ford Foundation
raised from both media
grant given to NAHJ in 2000.
and non-media companies.
Total NAHJ assets
• A fundraising initiative dropped in 2002 from
was launched with the $663,255 to $639,060 — most
efforts of the Metropolitan of which was unrealized
Group, a consultancy with losses from long-term
extensive experience in investments. Actual operat-
nonprofit development. ing losses were minimal, in
keeping with tighter fiscal
Investments, including controls implemented by
the reserve and scholarship staff.
endowment accounts, contin-
ue to be focused on diversi-
fied stock portfolios. As
with all stocks, some ebb and
flow of total assets is to be
2002 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
12
 2002 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13

*NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS, INC.

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2002

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 273,995
Short-term Investments 163,815
Accounts Receivable 38,008
Prepaid Expenses 20,797
Long-term Investments 108,052
Deposits in Leased Property 4,322
Property and Equipment 30,071
TOTAL ASSETS $ 639,060

LIABILITIES

Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses 38,367

Refundable Advances 36,250
TOTAL LIABILITIES $ 74,617

NET ASSETS

Unrestricted Net Assets

Designated by the Board for Endowment Purposes 72,035
Undesignated 389,247
Total Unrestricted Net Assets 461,282
Temporarily Restricted Net Assets 103,161
TOTAL NET ASSETS 564,443
TOTAL LIABILITIES & NET ASSETS $ 639,060

* The following information is an excerpt from the 2002 audit report prepared by King, King and
Associates, P.A. The audit is available for viewing at the NAHJ National Office.
 2002 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
14

*NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS, INC.

STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002

Temporarily 2002
Unrestricted Restricted TOTALS
REVENUE
Donations & Grants $36,410 $71,484 $107,894
Special Events 862,247 174,790 1,037,037
Membership Dues 96,772 – 96,772
Investment Return (41,997) (7,697) (49,694)
Miscellaneous Income 17,859 – 17,859
Net Assets Released from Restrictions 210,200 (210,200) –
TOTAL REVENUE $1,181,491 $28,377 $1,209,868

EXPENSES
Salaries, Benefits & Payroll Taxes 324,362 – 324,362
Consultants & Contractual Fees 26,715 – 26,715
Supplies 15,305 – 15,305
Communications 41,660 – 41,660
Postage & Delivery 23,312 – 23,312
Printing 48,663 – 48,663
Professional Dues, Publications & Training 11,720 – 11,720
Travel, Lodging & Business Meals 44,763 – 44,763
Scholarships, Grants & Awards 82,031 – 82,031
Occupancy 62,353 – 62,353
Meetings, Conferences & Events 584,158 – 584,158
Miscellaneous 1,002 – 1,002
Payroll, Investment & Bank Fees 9,550 – 9,550
Legal & Accounting Fees 20,828 – 20,828
Equipment Lease & Maintenance 17,718 – 17,718
Depreciation 10,258 – 10,258
TOTAL EXPENSES $1,324,398 – $1,324,398

Change in Net Assets (142,907) 28,377 (114,530)

NET ASSETS, BEGINNING OF YEAR 604,189 74,784 678,973

NET ASSETS, END OF YEAR $461,282 $103,161 $564,443

* The following information is an excerpt from the 2002 audit report prepared by King, King and Associates, P.A. The audit is avail-
able for viewing at the NAHJ National Office.
 MEMBERSHIP FIGURES AND WEB STATISTICS
15

Current Members as of 12/31/02 2,296

2400

550 531 2200

501
500
2000
450 2002 437
2001 1,739 1800
400 390
2000
350 323 321 335
1,568 1600
300 270
1400
250 240
227
221 210 212
200 191 178 1200
164 161 168
154
150 130 1000
111
100
69
500
50 41
18
0
Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region TOTAL CURRENT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MEMBERS

MONTH TOTAL VISITORS TOTAL HITS AVERAGE LENGTH OF VISIT

(H:M:S)

Aug–02 15,561 174,234 0:05.27

Sep–02 19,038 197,221 0:09:47
Oct–02 21,886 228,371 0:09:26
Nov–02 21,313 205,410 0:09:46
Dec–02 20,067 186,792 0:09:52
Jan–03 27,381 331,101 0:09:32
Feb–03 37,568 443,747 0:09:48
Mar–03 28,308 326,016 0:09:34
Apr–03 26,712 325,897 0:09:23
May–03 29,553 411,264 0:08:14
June–03 30,550 487,146 0:06:48

MONTH TOTAL VISITORS TOTAL HITS AVERAGE LENGTH OF VISIT

(H:M:S)

Aug–02 to Jun–03 277,937 3,317,199 0:09.08

 SPANISH-LANGUAGE AT-LARGE OFFICER REPORT
16
he Manual de Estilo
T of NAHJ has been
my main driver, as
well as that of the members
of the Spanish-language
committee.
The periodic conference
calls of the Spanish-Lan-
guage Committee dealt
mostly with identifying
contributing authors and
editors, designing the manu-
al and developing a produc-
tion plan. Javier Aldape and
Verónica Villafañe were very
Liza Gross helpful in this process. Most
Spanish-Language potential authors contacted
At-Large Officer readily agreed to write a
chapter for the manual. The
original table of contents was
modified and significantly
improved with their sugges-
tions.
At present, seven of the
nine chapters are in and have
been sent to the editors of
the Editorial Quality Com-
mittee for revision. Cristina
Fernández, a journalism stu-
dent under contract with
El Nuevo Día, is coordinating
the traffic of material.
All authors and editors
are donating their time and
their work. Proceeds derived
from the sale of the manual
will go to NAHJ. Javier
Aldape has secured funding
from Knight Ridder to pay
for the production of the
manual. Estimated publica-
tion date is October 2003.
The other area of focus for
the Spanish-language com-
mittee is the creation of train-
ing programs for journalists
who work in Spanish-
language media. The
committee has developed a
tentative model for training
in two areas: 1) Spanish-
language writing skills and
2) newsroom management.
Once the Manual de Estilo is
published, the committee
will turn its attention to the
development and implemen-
tation of the training
program.
 STUDENT AT-LARGE REPORT
17
nformation, inspira-
I tion, and more infor-
mation: that’s what
we learned in 2001 and 2002
about young Latino journal-
ists and what they want and
need to succeed in their
careers. While we saw some
major successes in these
areas, we also found that
much more needs to be
done.
Students want help in
establishing NAHJ chapters
on their campuses, and they
Luis Perez want professional members
Student At-Large of NAHJ to come to their
Officer campuses and speak to them
more often, as a way to
improve communication
between themselves and
their would-be mentors.
A great way to improve
these areas would be
through our Web site.
Students would benefit from
all sorts of information we
could post there: from details
on how to set up campus
chapters, to PDF applications
for convention internships
and programs. For example,
a common inquiry from
would-be campus club
founders concerned the
technicality of calling their
groups “NAHJ” affiliates.
NAHJ had a tremendous
impact for college students
in the New York City area
this year. At Brooklyn
College, Hunter College,
New York University and
others, NAHJ college mem-
bers recruited students for
programs at the 2003 con-
vention, networked and kept
abreast of issues and jobs
through a new student list-
serv, and made headway in
creating campus chapters.
About 60 of these students
joined the Yahoo listserv and
have kept in touch since
October 2001.
Across the country,
student involvement was
also good for NAHJ. In
Chicago, Phoenix, Bay Area,
San Antonio, Houston and
other cities, students raved
about informal events with
professional Latino journal-
ists. From bringing journal-
ists to campuses to speak
to student clubs, to hosting
résumé critique sessions,
these events are what
students said they need and
want.
We also learned that we
need to kept better track of
past convention internship
participants and scholarship
winners so that we may tap
these young journalists for
leadership positions in the
future.
 REGIONAL REPORTS
18
REGION 1 REPORT AHJ members in
Submitted by N Region 1 spent 2002
getting the word out
Iván Román about the organization and
setting the foundation for
new projects that should
change student training for
the better and encourage
more of our younger brothers
and sisters to embark on a
career in journalism.
Our efforts led to more
students from Puerto Rico
entering NAHJ’s student
training projects and winning
scholarships than ever before,
and more NAHJ members
from the Caribbean attending
the organization’s annual
Caribbean Region: Puerto Rico, convention than ever before.
Virgin Islands Following the region’s
focus on helping students on
their path toward journalism,
NAHJ members are bringing
the training home year
REGION 2 REPORT his past year, Region
Submitted by T 2 focused its efforts
on the upcoming
Rose Arce convention. Putting together
a convention has been trans-
formational for this region.
Membership has grown. It
has also reactivated the
region’s interest in its most
important functions: chal-
lenging poor coverage of our
community and diversifying
the news industry.
We have increased our
participation in the activities
of our sister organizations —
the UNITY groups and the
National Lesbian and Gay
Journalists Association. We
Northeast Region: Connecticut, have held joint forums and
Maine, Massachusetts, New discussions, most recently
Hampshire, New York, New
Jersey, Rhode Island, Vermont
round. Plans are under way
to establish an online news-
paper for Puerto Rico’s
college students to gain the
experience they need and
have an outlet for their work
now missing from their
curriculum. The launch date
is scheduled for fall 2003 or,
depending on fundraising
efforts, the spring of 2004.
Several battles on the
press freedom front have also
kept local members busy.
Some weighed in on efforts to
eliminate the criminal
defamation statute from
Puerto Rico’s penal code,
which came dangerously
close to being applied against
journalists. As the Puerto
Rico legislature revises the
penal code in 2003, it looks
like pressure from all local
journalism groups will have
co-hosting a town hall meet-
ing on the issues raised by
Jayson Blair’s departure
from The New York Times.
Our members have become
more engaged in public dis-
cussions of issues that con-
front us as minorities in the
journalism world, including:
the rule changes at the Fed-
eral Communications Com-
mission, the lack of coverage
of minorities and coverage of
the war and protests.
We also know how to
have a good time. Region 2
hosted a super holiday party
sponsored by WNBC/Tele-
mundo in December that
was well attended and that
featured live music and a
rendered positive results.
Local NAHJ members
also raised their voices in
protest over U.S. Navy per-
sonnel’s apparent surveil-
lance and targeting of photo-
journalists during tear-gas-
filled clashes with protesters
on the island/municipality
of Vieques. NAHJ actively
participated in negotiations
with the Navy to achieve
greater access to restricted
grounds in Vieques to no
avail.
The year 2002 was one of
building a strong foundation
for the future work to be
done. We will continue beef-
ing up membership, getting
more students involved, and
instituting professional
development training for our
own members in 2003.
generous food donation from
Goya. We also hosted an
evening at the Mexican
immigrant association,
Tepeyac, where we discussed
immigration trends.
Our most important
objective this year is to
expand the reach of Region
2, empowering our members
in Connecticut and Massa-
chusetts to host events and
forums so we are not New
York centered.
The convention will be an
important accomplishment
for us as our NAHJ friends
will see what we’ve been
working on all year long.

REGION 3 REPORT
Submitted by
Gina Acosta
Mid-Atlantic Region:
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West
Virginia, Washington, D.C.
REGION 4 REPORT
Submitted by
Rafael Olmeda
South Region: Alabama, Florida,
Georgia, Mississippi, North
Carolina, South Carolina,
Tennessee
REGIONAL REPORTS
19
n 2002, the Mid-
I Atlantic region
(Region 3) of the
National Association of His-
panic Journalists saw its
membership increase from
132 to 157. Most of the new
members were made up of
students or other members
of academia, so I took the
region headlong into a new
effort to spread the word
about NAHJ in j-schools and
other educational institu-
tions.
Throughout the year, the
Region 3 Visiting Journalists
Program went into schools
across the Washington, D.C.
area (such as Stonewall Jack-
egion 4 met its major
R goals for the past
year by organizing
our first Spanish-language
conference at the University
of Miami School of Commu-
nication and by running our
first South Florida High
School Writing Contest.
Our guest speakers
included Marcela Sánchez
(columnist, Washington Post
Writers Group), Gonzalo
Soruco (author, Cubans and
the Mass Media in South Flori-
da), Adriana Herrera (author,
El Sueño Americano: Colom-
bianos que alcanzaron el éxito
en los Estados Unidos), Ana
Luisa Herrera
(reporter/columnist, El Sen-
tinel), and Alberto Milian,
Miami attorney and radio
talk show host.
The region has begun cul-
tivating relationships with
sponsors, and we are espe-
cially indebted to those who
made the conference possi-
ble. NBC/Telemundo (Chan-
son High School in Manassas
and Greenbriar West Elemen-
tary School in Fairfax).
In February I went to visit
with communications stu-
dents at Old Dominion Uni-
versity in Norfolk, Virginia.
Also in February I assisted in
the selection of students for
the Washington Post High
School Writing Contest and
Seminar.
In March, the program
got under way and I gave a
workshop on writing and
served as a mentor to stu-
dents enrolled in the pro-
gram.
In May a small group of
NAHJ members from the
nels 6 and 51 in the South
Florida market), El Nuevo
Herald, The Washington
Post and The Sun-Sentinel/El
Sentinel were instrumental in
ensuring the success of this
event.
We are also grateful to
JM Family Enterprises and
the Broward County Com-
pany, which sponsored our
High School Writing contest.
The winners were Deeps
Seetharaman of Pine Crest
High School and Desiree
Zerquera of Northeast High
School, both in Broward
County. The contest was
open to students from
Broward, Palm Beach and
Miami-Dade Counties.
Over the past year, the
region also became active in
the Sunshine Coalition, an
organization dedicated to
preserving Florida’s constitu-
tional commitment for an
open government. Members
of the coalition, including
NAHJ members, wrote arti-
Washington, D.C., area gath-
ered at Cafe Atlantico to net-
work and talk about 9/11
and the toll it has had on the
lives of working journalists,
specifically D.C. journalists.
In June I hosted a barbe-
cue for Latino summer jour-
nalism interns at my home.
In September the region
had its signature event: a
reception in honor of His-
panic Heritage Month at the
National Press Building that
was attended by the Latinas
of Congress, many celebrities
and other VIPs from across
the spectrum of the Washing-
ton social scene.
cles and editorials which led
to the passage of a referen-
dum making it more difficult
for the state government to
close records and meetings
to the public. We applaud
the work of the coalition and
look forward to a continued
strong relationship.
We received exciting news
in February when the NAHJ
board voted to bring the
2006 annual NAHJ Conven-
tion to Fort Lauderdale. We
are looking forward to orga-
nizing this event and show-
ing the country the progress
Latino communities have
made in Broward County.
Michele Salcedo, NAHJ’s at-
large officer, is spearheading
this initiative and I encour-
age volunteers to come for-
ward soon to take part in the
beginning planning stages.
In the meantime, we’re
looking forward to another
successful year for the
region.

REGION 5 REPORT
Submitted by
Nora López
South Central Region: Arkansas,
Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas
REGION 6 REPORT
Submitted by
Rosa Maria Santana
Midwest Region: Illinois,
Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan,
Minnesota, Missouri, Montana,
Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, Wisconsin
REGIONAL REPORTS
20
AHJ Region 5 mem-
N bers gathered for a
border conference in
Brownsville last October that
examined issues ranging
from how the U.S.-Mexico
border is covered, to the
daily impact of U.S. immigra-
tion policies.
The two-day conference,
held at the University of
Texas at Brownsville campus,
drew more than 100 partici-
pants, including students
and working journalists from
television and print media
throughout Texas and neigh-
boring Matamoros, Mexico.
The opening reception was
held on South Padre Island
and the closing dinner across
the border in Matamoros.
Teclo J. Garcia, editor of
ast year’s Region 6
L conference was
September 27-28 in
Cleveland, Ohio. More than
60 people, including stu-
dents, attended from such
states as California, Col-
orado, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio,
Michigan, Pennsylvania,
Washington, D.C. and New
York. Participants included:
Greg Moore, editor of the
Denver Post; Juan González,
NAHJ president; Dori May-
nard of The Maynard Insti-
tute for Journalism Education
and Dianne Saenz of the Pew
Hispanic Center.
Conference co-sponsors
were: The Plain Dealer;
Anheuser-Busch Companies;
Allstate Foundation; The
Detroit News; The Detroit Free
The Brownsville Herald, and
Rachel Benavidez, The Her-
ald’s city editor, deserve spe-
cial recognition for coordinat-
ing the event. Five discussion
panels were assembled,
including an examination of
U.S.-Mexico relations.
That panel featured the
United States and Mexican
consuls from Brownsville and
Matamoros, an official with
the Immigration and Natural-
ization Service and a doctor of
cultural anthropology. Mexi-
co’s growing unpaid water
debt and a then-recently
passed laser visa deadline
were fodder for a heated dis-
cussion between panelists and
attendees.
Region affiliates were also
busy last year raising local
Press; Channel 3 WKYC-TV;
and Channel 5 WEWS-TV.
Univision, The Pew Hispanic
Center and The Maynard
Institute helped with in-kind
donations.
Ohio University orga-
nized its annual E.W. Scripps
High School Journalism
Workshop on June 20-22.
NAHJ member Lisa Lopez
Snyder coordinated it and
recruited several Midwest
Latino students. Last spring,
I organized a panel on
Latinos and news media
images with help from the
Press Club of Cleveland.
It was a success!
In Illinois, members of
the Chicago Association of
Hispanic Journalists (CAHJ)
organized their annual
funds for scholarships.
In April, the Dallas Fort
Worth Network of Hispanic
Communicators honored
longtime television anchor
Gloria Campos, who cele-
brated her 25th anniversary
at WFAA-TV in Dallas. The
group also gave out $13,000
in scholarships to 13 area
students.
In August, the San Anto-
nio Association of Hispanic
Journalists held its annual
scholarship banquet, hand-
ing out $10,000 in financial
aid to nine local students.
The group also honored Tino
Duran, publisher and CEO of
the bilingual newspaper La
Prensa de San Antonio, for his
contributions to the careers
of many young Latinos.
Latino/Chicano high school
journalism workshop called
PRESENTE. A student was
paired up with a professional
journalist, who guided the
student through the six-week
program. Journalists taught
the students the basics of
news writing and editing. The
program is free to students.
The Tribune Foundation pays
for this program through a
$5,000 annual grant to CAHJ.
In Indiana, Franklin Col-
lege’s Pulliam School of Jour-
nalism hosted its first sympo-
sium on news media cover-
age of Latinos last year. The
more than 50 people who
attended engaged in spirited
debate. Professor Bill Bridges
did a wonderful job organiz-
ing it.

REGION 7 REPORT
Submitted by
O. Ricardo Pimentel
Southwest Region: Arizona,
Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico,
Utah, Wyoming
REGION 8 REPORT
Submitted by
Verónica Villafañe
Pacific Region: Alaska,
California, Hawaii, Idaho,
Oregon, Washington
REGIONAL REPORTS
21
his convention con-
T cludes my term as
Region 7 representa-
tive. It’s been a pleasure try-
ing to serve you. It’s been a
mixed bag for me — getting
to know new people, doing
some worthwhile projects,
trying to be a good board
member and always feeling
guilty about not doing
enough.
Over the last two years,
NAHJ members in Phoenix
ast year was a busy
L year for our region.
Thanks to all the
folks in San Diego, NAHJ's
20th Anniversary Convention
was a success. Close to 1,700
members attended the annual
convention that opened up in
Tijuana with a major plenary
session with Mexican Presi-
dent Vicente Fox.
Besides the convention, the
region had a lot of activity
throughout the year.
On Sept. 7, we co-spon-
sored a professional develop-
ment conference at the Uni-
versity of California at Davis.
We had good attendance and
great feedback. Special thanks
have staged workshops for
high school journalism work-
shops, held mixers, judged
journalism contests and wel-
comed new editors at The
Arizona Republic, also intro-
ducing them to the Latino
community.
I’ve spoken to many
groups both in my capacity
as a columnist and as an
NAHJ board member. The
topics have ranged from
Latinos in journalism to Lati-
go to Lavonne Luquis and all
the folks at UC Davis for all
their hard work and for being
such great hosts.
Later that month, on
Sept. 26, we held a fundraiser
at the Conga Room in
September, where we raffled
away four airline tickets —
two to Mexico and two for
anywhere within the United
States, courtesy of Aero-
mexico and Continental
Airlines. We raised almost
$2,000.
We rounded out 2002 with
a regional conference focus-
ing on professional develop-
ment in October. The event
took place at UCLA. Among
nos and education.
In Denver, members have
evidenced new interest in
becoming more active as the
NAHJ launched its Parity
Project at The Denver Post.
My hope is that someone
steps up to the plate and
does more by way of profes-
sional development sessions
for members than I have
done. It should be a priority.
Buena suerte.
our key speakers that day
were Pulitzer award winner
Sonia Nazario, and David
Quintanilla, both of the
Los Angeles Times, as well as
KVEA-52 news director,
Al Corral.
Most of the participants
attending were from Spanish-
speaking media, emphasizing
the growing need for more
workshops geared to that
portion of our membership.
In all, Region 8 gained
more than 120 new members
in 2002.
We hope to coordinate
more events throughout the
region after the 2003 conven-
tion.
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
ARTICLE I
NAME
The name of this corpora-
tion shall be: NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC
JOURNALISTS
ARTICLE II
OFFICES
SECTION l:
PRINCIPAL OFFICE
The principal office for the
transaction of the business of
the corporation (“Principal
executive office”) is located in
the State of California, County
of Los Angeles. The directors
may change the principal office
from one location to another.
Any change of this location
shall be noted by the secretary
on these bylaws in this section
Effective September l, 1985, the
principal office of the corpora-
tion is located in the District of
Columbia.
SECTION 2:
OTHER OFFICES
The Board of Directors may
at any time establish offices at
any place or places where their
corporation is qualified to do
business.
ARTICLE III
PURPOSE AND
NONPARTISAN ACTIVITIES
This corporation has been
formed under the California
Nonprofit Corporation Law for
the purpose described herein
below at Article XV, and it shall
be nonprofit and nonpartisan.
No substantial part of the
activities of the corporation
shall consist of the publication
or dissemination of materials
with the purpose of attempting
to influence legislation, and the
corporation shall not participate
or intervene in any political
campaign on behalf of any can-
didate for public office or for or
22
against any cause or measure
being submitted to the people
for a vote.
The corporation shall not,
except in any insubstantial
degree, engage in any activities
or exercise any powers that are
not in furtherance of the pur-
poses described above.
ARTICLE IV
DEDICATION OF ASSETS
The properties and assets of
this nonprofit corporation are
irrevocably dedicated to fulfill-
ment of the Objectives and Pur-
poses of this corporation as set
forth in Article XV hereof. No
part of the net earnings, proper-
ties, or assets of this corpora-
tion, on dissolution or other-
wise, shall inure to the exclu-
sive benefit of any private per-
son or individual, or any mem-
ber or director of this corpora-
tion except in fulfillment of said
Objectives and Purposes. On
liquidation and dissolution, all
properties and assets and oblig-
ations shall be distributed pur-
suant to the nonprofit provi-
sions of the California Corpora-
tions Code then in effect.
ARTICLE V
MEMBERSHIP
There shall be seven (7)
classes of membership in his
corporation as follows:
1. REGULAR MEMBERS
A regular member shall be
those persons admitted to
membership by the Board,
being persons whose principal
means of support is earned in
the gathering, editing or pre-
sentation of news. Regular
members may not be employ-
ees of government-supported
news organizations. The follow-
ing job title descriptions shall
be included: Reporters, Editors,
Broadcast News Directors,
Community or Public Affairs in
broadcast or print news organi-
zations, Publishers of print
news media, General Managers
of broadcast news media, Pho-
tographers, and News Camer-
apersons, News Graphic Artists
and Newspaper Designers,
among others. A regular mem-
ber has all rights granted under
these Bylaws which include the
right to vote and to hold office.
2. ACADEMIC MEMBERS
Academic members shall be
those persons approved for
membership by the Board of
Directors and who are educa-
tors of Journalism in education-
al institutions of higher learn-
ing. These members shall have
those rights granted to them
under the Bylaws including the
rights to vote but excluding the
right to hold office.
3. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
Associate members shall be
all those persons admitted to
such membership by the Board
of Directors, as persons
engaged in such media-related
jobs as public relations, public
or corporate information, direc-
tors of media organizations.
These members shall be entitled
to whatever rights are granted
under the corporate Bylaws to
associate members, excluding
the right to vote and to hold
office.
4. FOUNDING MEMBERS
Founding members are all
those persons admitted to such
membership by the Board of
Directors and who signed The
Articles of Incorporation and
paid the established dues by
April 15, 1984. These Founding
members shall be entitled to all
rights established under the
Bylaws and shall have the
recognition as Founding Mem-
bers of the Corporation, and
shall have the right to vote
and/or hold office if they
remain as Academic or Regular
members, respectively.
5. STUDENT MEMBERS
Student members shall be
those persons admitted to such
membership by the Board of
Directors as persons who are
engaged in a program of full-
time study in a recognized
educational institution of high-
er learning. These members
shall have those rights granted
to such members under the
Bylaws, excluding the right to
vote and to hold office, except
for the board position of non-
voting Student Representative.
6. HONORARY MEMBERS
Honorary members shall be
all those persons admitted to
such membership by the Board
of Directors as being active or
retired from a journalism or
media activity and who have
achieved recognition in the pro-
fession by their exemplary con-
tributions to the profession of
journalism and media.
These Honorary members
shall not pay dues and shall be
entitled to all rights specified
under the Bylaws but shall not
vote or hold office. Honorary
members shall be given recog-
nition whenever in attendance
at corporate functions and/or
activities.
7. SUPPORTING MEMBERS
There shall be two classes of
Supporting Members: Individ-
ual and Corporate.
(a) Individual Supporting
Members shall be admitted as
such by the Board of Directors
as a person who is not in the
media industry but who sup-
ports the goals and purposes of
the corporation.
(b) Corporate Supporting
Members shall be representa-
tives of corporations admitted
to such membership by the
Board of Directors, corporations
which are not engaged in jour-
nalism and/or media but who
support the goals and purposes
of the corporation.
Supporting members shall
be entitled to all rights given by
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
the Board of Directors exclud-
ing the right to vote and to hold
office.
SECTION 2:
FEES, DUES,
AND ASSESSMENTS
The Board of Directors may
modify the amount or suspend
payment of dues for the pur-
pose of membership drives
aimed at adding at least 50 new
members to the organization.
Such actions will not have affect
for more than one year without
subsequent board approval.
Each member in good standing
must pay, within the time and
on the condition set by the
Board of Directors, the annual
dues in amounts which may be
fixed from time-to-time by the
Board of Directors. The dues
established by the Board of
Directors are as follows:
l. Regular member $ 55.00
2. Academic member $ 55.00
3. Associate member $ 55.00
4. Founding member $ 55.00
5. Student member $ 25.00
6. Honorary member $~
7. Supporting member
Individual $ 110.00
Corporate $1,100.00
SECTION 3:
TERMINATION
OF MEMBERSHIP
Causes of Termination. The
membership of any member
shall terminate upon occurrence
of any of the following events:
(a) The resignation of the
member.
(b) The failure of a member
to pay annual dues, if applica-
ble, in the amount and within
the times set forth by the Board
of Directors.
(c) The determination by the
Board of Directors or a commit-
tee designated to make such
determination that the member
had failed in a material and
serious degree to observe the
23
rules of conduct governing this
corporation promulgated by the
Board of Directors from time-
to-time.
Procedure for Expulsion.
Following the determination
that a member should be
expelled under subparagraph
(c) above, the following proce-
dures shall be implemented:
(a) A notice shall be sent by
prepaid, first-class or registered
mail to the most recent address
of the member as shown on the
corporation’s records, setting
forth the expulsion and the rea-
sons therefore. Such notice shall
be sent at least 15 days before
the proposed effective date of
the expulsion.
(b) The member being
expelled shall be given an
opportunity to be heard, either
orally or in writing, at a hearing
to be held not fewer than 5
days before the effective date of
the proposed expulsion. The
notice to the member of his pro-
posed expulsion shall state the
date, time, and place of the
hearing on his proposed expul-
sion.
(c) Following the hearing,
the Board of Directors shall
decide whether the member
should in fact be expelled, sus-
pended, or sanctioned in some
other way. The decision of the
Board shall be final.
(d) Any person expelled
from the corporation shall
receive a refund of dues or
assessments already paid. The
refund shall be prorated to
return only the unaccrued bal-
ance remaining for the period
of the dues payment.
SECTION 4:
REGISTRY OF MEMBERS
The Secretary shall maintain
an up-to-date registry of mem-
bers who have paid their fees
and are in good standing as
described in Articles X, section
7(ii), subject to the authority of
the Credentials Committee.
ARTICLE VI
MEETINGS OF MEMBERS
SECTION 1:
PLACE OF MEETING
Meetings of the membership
shall be held at any place in the
United States designated by the
Board of Directors. In the
absence of any such designa-
tion, members’ meetings shall
be held at the principal execu-
tive office of the corporation.
SECTION 2:
ANNUAL MEETING
The annual meeting of
members shall be held (unless
the Board of Directors fixes
another date and so notifies the
members as provided in Section
4 of this Article VIII) on the
15th of April of each year. Gen-
eral and Special meetings of
members shall be held as
ordered by the directors, from
time-to-time as stated below.
SECTION 3:
SPECIAL MEETING
This is the special meeting
requirement:
(a) Authorized persons who
may call. A special meeting of
members may be called at any
time by any of the following:
the Board of Directors or twen-
ty-five (25) percent or more
members.
(b) Calling meetings by
members. If a special meeting is
called by members other than
the president, the request shall
be submitted by such members
in writing, specifying the gener-
al nature of the business pro-
posed to be transacted, and
shall be delivered personally or
sent by registered mail or by
telegraphic or other facsimile
transmission to the president,
any vice-president, or the secre-
tary of the corporation. The offi-
cer receiving the request shall
cause notice to be promptly
given to the members entitled
to vote, in accordance with the
provisions of Section 4 and 5 of
this Article VI, that a meeting
will be held, and the date of
such meeting, which date shall
be not less than thirty-five (35)
nor more than ninety (90) days
following the receipt of the
request. The persons requesting
the meeting may give the
notice. Nothing contained in
this subsection shall be con-
strued as limiting, fixing, or
affecting the time when a meet-
ing of members may be held
when the meeting is called by
action of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 4:
NOTICE OF MEMBERS’
MEETINGS
(a) General notice contents.
All notices of meetings of mem-
bers shall be sent or otherwise
given in accordance with Sec-
tion 5 of this Article VI not less
than thirty (30) nor more than
ninety (90) days before the date
of the meeting or as many be
otherwise ordered by the direc-
tors. The notice shall specify the
place, date and hour of the
meeting and in the case of a
special meeting, the general
nature of the business to be
transacted, and no other busi-
ness in that case may be trans-
acted, or in case of the annual
meeting, those matters which
the Board of Directors, at the
time of giving the notice,
intends to present for action by
the members.
(b) Notice of certain agenda
items. If action is proposed to
be taken at any meeting for
approval of any of the follow-
ing proposals, the notice shall
also state the general nature of
the proposal. Member action on
such items is invalid unless the
notice or written waiver of
notice states the general nature
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
of the proposal(s):
(i) Removing a director;
(ii) Filling vacancies on the
board of directors by the
members; Amending the
articles of incorporation;
(iii) Approving a contract or
transaction in which a
director has a material
financial interest; and
(iv) Approving a plan of liqui-
dation of assets.
(c) Manner of giving notice.
Notice of any meeting of mem-
bers shall be given either per-
sonally or by first-class mail,
telegraphic or other written
communications, charges pre-
paid, addressed to each mem-
ber either at the address of that
member appearing on the
books of the corporation or the
address given by the member to
the corporation for the purpose
of notice. If no address appears
on the corporation’s book and
no other has been given, notice
shall be deemed to have been
given if either
(i) notice is sent to that mem-
ber by first-class mail or
telegraphic or other writ-
ten communication to the
corporation’s principal
executive office, or
(ii) notice is published at least
once in a newspaper of
general circulation in the
county where that office is
located. Notice shall be
deemed to have been
given at the time when
delivered personally or
deposited in the mail or
sent by telegram or other
means of written commu-
nication.
(d) Affidavit of mailing
notice. An affidavit of the mail-
ing or other means of giving
any notice of any members’
meeting may be executed by
the secretary, assistant secretary,
or any other party of the corpo-
ration giving the notice, and if
so executed, shall be filed and
24
maintained in the minutes book
of the corporation.
SECTION 5:
QUORUM
(a) Percentage required. Thir-
ty-three and one-third percent of
the members shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of
business at a meeting of the
members. A lesser amount may
constitute a quorum if notice of
the general nature of the meet-
ing is sent to the members at
least ten (10) days before the
meeting, said notice complying
with all bylaws provisions gov-
erning the time and manner of
giving notice as stated herein
above in Section 4 of this Article.
(b) Loss of quorum. The
members present at a duly
called or duly held meeting at
which a quorum is present may
continue to transact business
until adjournment, notwith-
standing the withdrawal of
enough members to leave less
than a quorum, if any action
taken (other than adjournment)
is approved by at least a majori-
ty of the members required to
constitute a quorum.
SECTION 6:
ADJOURNED MEETING
Any members’ meeting,
annual or special, whether or
not a quorum is present, may be
adjourned from time-to-time by
the vote of the majority of the
members represented at the
meeting, either in person or by
proxy. But in the absence of a
quorum, no other business may
be transacted at that meeting,
except as provided in this Arti-
cle.
SECTION 7:
VOTING
(a) Eligibility to vote. Persons
entitled to vote at any meeting
of members shall be members as
of the date determined in accor-
dance with Section 10 of this
Article VI, subject to provisions
of the California Nonprofit Cor-
poration Law and to the deter-
mination of a Credentials Com-
mittee appointed by the Board
of Directors.
(b) Manner of casting votes.
Voting may be by voice or bal-
lot, provided that any election
of directors be by ballot if
demanded by any member
before the voting begins.
(c) Only majority of mem-
bers represented at meeting
required, unless otherwise spec-
ified. If a quorum is present, the
affirmative vote of the majority
of the members represented at
the meeting, entitled to vote
and voting on any matter (other
than the election of officers and
directors), shall be the act of the
members unless the vote of a
greater number or voting by
classes is required by California
Nonprofit Corporation Law or
by the Articles of Incorporation.
(d) Each member entitled to
vote shall be entitled to cast one
vote on all matters submitted to
a vote of the members, in per-
son or by mail, as agreed to in
rules adopted by the Board of
Directors. All members present
shall be entitled to vote at the
annual meeting.
SECTION 8:
WAIVER OF NOTICE
OR CONSENT BY
ABSENT MEMBERS
(a) Written waiver of con-
sent. The transactions of any
meeting of members, either
annual or special, however
called or noticed, and wherever
held, shall be as valid as though
taken at a meeting duly held
after regular call and notice, if a
quorum be present either in
person or by proxy, and if,
either before or after the meet-
ing, each person entitled to vote
who was not present in person
or by proxy, signs a written
waiver or notice of a consent to
a holding of the meeting, or an
approval of the minutes. The
waiver of notice of consent
need not specify either the busi-
ness to be transacted or the pur-
pose of any annual or special
meeting of members, except
that if action is taken or pro-
posed to be taken for approval
of any of those matters speci-
fied in Section 4(b) or 5(a) of
Article VI, the waiver of notice
or consent shall state the gener-
al nature of the proposal. All
such waivers, consents, or
approvals shall be filed with the
corporate records or made a
part of the minutes of the meet-
ing.
(b) Waiver by attendance.
Attendance by a person at a
meeting shall also constitute a
waiver of notice of that meet-
ing, except when the person
objects at the beginning of the
meeting to the transaction of
any business due to the inade-
quacy or illegality of the notice.
Also, attendance at a meeting is
not a waiver of any right to
object to the consideration of
matters not included in the
notice of the meeting, if that
objection is expressly made at
the meeting.
SECTION 9:
ACTION BY WRITTEN
CONSENT WITHOUT
A MEETING
General: Any action that
may be taken at any annual or
special meeting of members
may he taken without a meet-
ing and without prior notice if
written ballots are received
from a number of members at
least equal to the quorum
applicable to a meeting of
members. All such written bal-
lots shall be filed with the secre-
tary of the corporation and
maintained in the corporate
records. All solicitations of bal-
lots shall indicate the time by
which the ballot must be
returned to be counted.
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
SECTION 10:
RECORD DATE FOR
MEMBER NOTICE, VOTING,
GIVING CONSENTS
(a) To be determined by
board of directors. For the pur-
pose of determining which
members are entitled to receive
notice of any meeting, to vote,
or to give consent to corporate
action without a meeting, the
board of directors may fix, in
advance, a “record date,”
which shall not be more than
sixty (60) days before any such
action without a meeting. Only
members of record on the date
so fixed are entitled to notice,
to vote, or to give consents, as
the case may be, notwithstand-
ing any transfer of any mem-
bership on the books of the cor-
poration after the record date,
except as otherwise provided in
the Articles of Incorporation, by
agreement or in the California
Nonprofit Corporation Law.
(b) Failure of board to deter-
mine date.
(i) Record date for notices or
voting. Unless fixed by the
board of directors, the
record date for determin-
ing those members entitled
to receive notice of or to
vote at, a meeting of mem-
bers, shall be the next busi-
ness day preceding the day
on which notice is given,
or, if notice is waived, the
next business day preced-
ing the day on which the
meeting is held.
(ii) Record date for written
consent to action without
meeting. Unless fixed by
the board, the record date
for determining those
members entitled to vote
by ballot on corporate
action without a meeting,
when no prior action by
the board has been taken,
shall be the day on which
the first written consent is
given. When prior action of
25
the board has been taken, it
shall be the day on which
the board adopts the reso-
lution relating to that
action.
(iii) “Record date” means as of
close of business. For pur-
poses of this paragraph (b),
a person holding member-
ship as of the close of busi-
ness on the record date
shall he deemed a member
of record.
SECTION 11:
PROXIES
(a) Right of member. Every
member of the board entitled to
vote shall have the right to do
so either in person or by one or
more agents authorized by a
written proxy, signed by the
person and filed with the secre-
tary of the corporation. A proxy
shall he deemed signed if the
member’s name is placed on
the proxy (whether by manual
telegraphic transmission, or
otherwise) by the member.
(b) Revocability. A validly
executed proxy that does not
state that it is irrevocable shall
continue in full force and effect
unless (i) revoked by the mem-
ber executing it, before the vote
cast pursuant to that proxy, by a
writing delivered to the corpo-
ration stating that the proxy is
revoked by a subsequent proxy
executed by such member, or
by personal attendance and vot-
ing at a meeting by such mem-
ber, or (ii) written notice of the
death or incapacity of the
maker of the proxy is received
by the corporation before the
vote pursuant to the proxy is
counted; provided however,
that no proxy shall be valid
after the expiration of eleven
(11) months from the date of the
proxy, unless otherwise provid-
ed in the proxy.
(c) Form of solicited proxies.
In any election of directors, any
form of proxy that is marked by
a member “withhold,” or other-
wise marked in a manner indi-
cating that the authority to vote
for the election of directors is
withheld, shall not be voted
either for or against the election
of a director. Failure to comply
with this paragraph shall not
invalidate any corporate elec-
tion taken, but may be the basis
for challenging the proxy at a
meeting.
(d) Effect of member’s
death. A proxy is not revoked
by the death or incapacity of
the maker or the termination of
a member as a result thereof
unless, before the vote is count-
ed, written notice of the death
or incapacity is received by the
corporation.
ARTICLE VII
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
SECTION 1:
NOMINATIONS AND
SOLICITATIONS FOR VOTES
(a) Elections Committee. The
president shall appoint a five-
person committee to conduct
and oversee the election of offi-
cers. Members of the committee
will not be allowed to run for
office. The election of regional
directors shall be overseen by
the national office, with the
assistance of an officer appoint-
ed by the president.
(b) Advance nominations by
members. Twenty-five (25)
members may nominate candi-
dates for president, vice presi-
dents, secretary, financial officer
and officers at-large, at any
time before the 45th day pre-
ceding such election. On timely
receipt of such a petition signed
by the required number of
members, the secretary shall
cause the name of the candidate
to be placed on the mail ballot.
Ten (10) members in a region or
10 percent of the region’s mem-
bership, whichever is less, may
nominate candidates for region-
al director at any time before
the 45th day preceding such
election. On timely receipt of a
petition signed by the required
number of members, the secre-
tary shall cause the name of the
candidate to be placed on the
mail ballot.
(c) Nominations from the
floor. At any meeting where
elections are on the agenda, any
member present may place
names in nomination, provided
there is a second. The candidate
still must secure the required
number of signatures on a peti-
tion and submit it to the secre-
tary to be placed on the ballot.
If the candidate is nominated at
the convention for an officer
position, the ballot at the con-
vention must be redone to
include the new candidate(s).
Previously mailed ballots still
are valid and must be counted.
If the nomination is for regional
director or regional director
alternate, the later regional
deadline for petitions would
apply for inclusion on the
regional election mail ballot.
SECTION 2:
VOTE REQUIRED TO
ELECT DIRECTOR
Candidates receiving the
highest number of votes shall
be elected as directors.
SECTION 3:
OFFICERS
Officers of the corporation
shall be elected by the member-
ship at its annual meeting by
ballot cast on site at the annual
national convention and by ear-
lier mail ballot submitted by the
board-approved deadline.
Mail ballots must be kept
secure and secret until voting is
over. All ballots, mail and on-
site, must be counted at the
same time by the elections com-
mittee appointed by the presi-
dent.
Each candidate may have an
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
observer present for the count;
the observer cannot be the can-
didate and cannot participate in
the count. Objections, if any,
must be presented immediately
to the elections committee chair.
The committee will listen to the
objection(s) as soon as possible,
but no later than 24 hours after
the count is completed, to
determine what should be
done, if anything. The commit-
tee’s decision is final.
The non-voting Student
Representative shall be elected
by mail and in person by the
eligible student membership in
the same manner as officers are
elected.
Elected officers shall be the
President; Vice President for
Broadcast; Vice President for
Print; Secretary; Financial Offi-
cer; three At-large officers of the
board, which shall include an
At-large Officer for Spanish
Language and an At-large Offi-
cer for New Media; and a non-
voting Student Representative.
The election of all officers shall
be by majority vote.
The Vice President for
Broadcast shall be a member of
broadcast media, and the Vice
President for Print shall be a
member of print media. The At-
large Officer for Spanish Lan-
guage shall be a member of
a Spanish-language
medium. The At-large Officer
for New Media shall be a mem-
ber of an online publication.
The non-voting Student
Representative shall be a full-
time student concentrating on
broadcast or print journalism
or new media in an institute of
higher education.
SECTION 4:
ELECTION PROCEDURE
Elections for regional direc-
tors shall be held within thirty
(30) days of the annual meeting
at the national convention.
Only qualified members from
within a region may nominate
26
and vote for the director of their
region. Petitions must be
received by the national office
no later than ten (10) days after
the annual meeting at the con-
vention. Once candidate(s) have
qualified for the ballot, the
national office shall cause their
names to be put on the ballot
and have the ballots mailed to
every eligible member in the
region at least ten (10) days
before the due date. The due
date is the last business day
before the 30th day after the
annual meeting. To be consid-
ered valid, original ballots must
be received at the national
office by 5 p.m. in the office’s
time zone on the due date.
Elections for regional direc-
tor alternates are conducted in
the same manner as for regional
directors. Except, however, if
there are no candidates for
alternate, the regional director,
once elected, may choose an
alternate with board approval.
If no candidates qualify to
run for regional director by the
deadlines, a special election can
be conducted. The requirements
for nomination petitions and
eligibility are the same, except
that petitions must be received
by the national office no later
than forty (40) days after the
annual meeting. Ballots must be
mailed at least ten (10) days
before the due date. The due
date is the last business day
before the 60th day after the
annual meeting.
If no candidates qualify to
run in a special election, the
board will appoint a director
for the region. A majority of the
board (nine votes) is required to
appoint a regional director.
ARTICLE VIII
DIRECTORS
SECTION 1:
POWERS
(a) General corporate pow-
ers. Subject to the provisions of
the California Nonprofit Corpo- SECTION 2:
ration Law and any limitations NUMBER AND
in the Articles of Incorporation QUALIFICATION OF
and these bylaws relating to DIRECTORS
action required to be approved The authorized number of
by the members, the business directors shall be 16. Directors
and affairs of the corporation
need not be residents of the
shall be managed, and all corpo-
State of California. There will
rate powers shall be exercised,
be 3 At-large officers. There will
by or under the direction of the
be eight Regional directors
Board of Directors.
selected by each of the follow-
(b) Specific powers. Without ing regions:
prejudice to these general pow-
l. Caribbean — Puerto Rico,
ers, and subject to the same limi-
Virgin Islands
tations, the directors shall have
the power to: 2. Northeast — Connecticut,
Maine, Massachusetts, New
(i) Select and remove all staff
Hampshire, New York, New
members, agents, and
employees of the corpora- Jersey, Rhode Island, Vermont
tion; prescribe any powers 3. Mid-Atlantic —
and duties for them that are Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland,
consistent with law, with Pennsylvania, Virginia, Wash-
the Articles of Incorpora- ington D.C., West Virginia
tion, and with these
4. South — Alabama, Flori-
bylaws; and fix their com-
da, Georgia, Mississippi, North
pensation.
Carolina, South Carolina, Ten-
(ii) Change the principal execu-
nessee
tive office or the principal
business office; cause the
5. South Central —
corporation to be qualified
Arkansas, Louisiana, Okla-
to do business in any other
homa, Texas
state, territory, dependency,
6. Midwest — Illinois, Indi-
or country and designate
any place for the holding of ana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan,
Minnesota, Missouri, Montana,
any members’ meeting or
meetings, including annual Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, Wisconsin
meetings, anywhere in the
United States.
7. Southwest — Arizona,
(iii) Adopt, make, and use a
Colorado, Nevada, New Mexi-
corporate seal; prescribe the
co, Utah, Wyoming
forms of membership cer-
tificates; and alter the form 8. Pacific — Alaska, Califor-
of the seal and certificate. nia, Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon,
(iv) Borrow money and incur Washington
indebtedness on behalf of
the corporation and cause
SECTION 3:
to be executed and deliv-
ELECTION AND TERM OF
ered for the corporation’s
OFFICE OF DIRECTORS
purposes, in the corporate
name, promissory notes, (a) Directors and the non-
bonds, debentures, deeds of voting Student Representative
trust, mortgages, pledges, shall serve two-year terms.
hypothecations, and other
(b) Executive Officers and
evidences of debt and secu-
at-large officers shall be elected
rities.
every two years at annual con-
(v) Own and sell property to ventions in even years. (Two-
pursue the corporate pur- year terms began in 1998.)
poses.
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
(c) Regional Directors shall
be elected every two years in
odd years as specified in Article
VII. (Two-year terms began in
1997.)
SECTION 4:
VACANCIES
(a) Events causing vacancy.
A vacancy or vacancies in the
Board of Directors shall be
deemed to exist on the occur-
rence of the following: the
death, resignation or removal
of any director.
(b) Resignations. Except as
provided in this paragraph, any
director may resign, which res-
ignation shall be effective on
giving written notice to the
president, the secretary or the
Board of Directors, unless the
notice specifies a later time for
the resignation to become effec-
tive. If the resignation of a
director is effective at a future
time, the Board of Directors
may elect a successor to take
office when the resignation
becomes effective and until the
next meeting of members of the
corporation. No director may
resign when the corporation
would then be left without a
duly elected director or direc-
tors in charge of its affairs.
(c) Change in employment
status. If a sitting board mem-
ber (including regional direc-
tors) has a change in employ-
ment status such that the major-
ity of his or her income no
longer comes from journalism
as specified in the qualifica-
tions, the board member must
alert his or her alternate so that
the alternate assumes the post
temporarily. In the case of
national officers, the president
will appoint a temporary
replacement with the approval
of a majority of the board.
At the next board meeting
after the board member’s sta-
tus changed, the board may
consider the situation at the
27
board member’s request and
the board could choose, by a
majority vote, to allow the
board member to remain on
the board if the board mem-
ber is challenging his or her
change in employment sta-
tus. If the board member’s
status changes again during
the term for which the board
member was elected, so that
he or she once again is quali-
fied to serve, the board mem-
ber resumes his or her place
on the board.
(d) Removal. Any director
may be removed if he or she
misses more than three (3) days
of board meetings, as defined
by board policy, without giving
the president or executive direc-
tor an excused reason for the
absence. “Board meetings”
includes conference calls.
Excused absences include fami-
ly or work emergencies and
other reasons deemed accept-
able by a majority of the board.
Notification of the acceptable
absence may be made verbally,
but preferably would be given
in writing. Notification given
electronically is acceptable.
Notification must be made
before the meeting, except in
cases of emergency as accepted
by a majority of the board.
(e) No vacancy on reduction
of number of directors. No
reduction of the authorized
number of directors shall have
the effect of removing any
director before that director’s
term of office expires.
SECTION 5:
PLACE OF MEETINGS;
MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE
Regular meetings of the
Board of Directors may be held
at any place within or outside
the State of California that has
been designated from time-to-
time by resolution of the Board.
In the absence of such designa-
tion, regular meetings shall be
held at the principal executive
office of the corporation.
Special meetings of the
Board shall be held at any place
within or outside the State of
California that has been desig-
nated in the notice of the meet-
ing or, if not stated in notice, or
if there is no notice, at the prin-
cipal executive office of the cor-
poration.
Notwithstanding the above
provisions of this Section 5, a
regular or special meeting of
the Board of Directors may be
held at any place consented to
in writing by all the board
members, either before or after
the meeting.
If consents are given, they
shall be filed with the minutes
of the meeting. Any meeting,
regular or special, may be held
by conference telephone or sim-
ilar communication equipment,
so long as all directors partici-
pating in the meeting can hear
one another, and all such direc-
tors shall be deemed to be pre-
sent in person at such meeting.
SECTION 6:
ANNUAL MEETING
Immediately following each
annual meeting of members
and the election of board mem-
bers and officers, the Board of
Directors shall hold a regular
meeting for the purpose of
organization, and the transac-
tion of other business. Notice of
this meeting shall not be
required.
SECTION 7:
OTHER REGULAR AND
SPECIAL MEETINGS
(a) Other regular meetings of
the Board of Directors shall be
held at such time as shall from
time-to-time be fixed by the
Board of Directors and notified
in advance to its members, in
accordance with Section 8 of
this Article.
(b) Special meetings of the
Board of Directors for any pur-
pose may be called at any time
by the president, or any vice-
president, the secretary, or any
ten directors.
SECTION 8:
NOTICES
(a) Manner of giving. Notice
of the time and place of meet-
ings shall be given to each
director by one of the following
methods:
(i) by personal delivery or
written notice;
(ii) by first-class mail,
postage pre-paid;
(iii) by telephone communi-
cation, either directly to
the director or to a per-
son at the directors
office who would rea-
sonably be expected to
communicate such
notice promptly to the
director; or
(iv) by telegram, charges
prepaid. All such
notices shall be given
or sent to the director’s
address or telephone
number as shown on
the records of the cor-
poration.
(b) Time requirements.
Notices sent by first class mail
shall be deposited into a United
States mail box at least ten days
before the time set for the meet-
ing. Notices given by personal
delivery, telephone, or tele-
graph shall be delivered, tele-
phoned, or given to the tele-
graph company at least ten
days before the time set for the
meeting.
(c) Notice contents. The
notice shall state the time and
place for the meeting. However,
it need not specify the purpose
of meeting, or the place of the
meeting, if it is to be held at the
principal executive office of the
corporation.
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
SECTION 9:
QUORUM
A majority of the authorized
number of directors shall con-
stitute a quorum for the trans-
action of business, except to
adjourn as provided in Section
11 of this Article VIII.
Every act or decision done
or made by a majority of the
directors present at a meeting
duly held at which a quorum is
present shall be regarded as the
act of the Board of Directors,
subject to the provisions of the
California Nonprofit Corpora-
tion Law, especially those pro-
visions relating to (i) approval
of contracts or transactions in
which a director has a direct or
indirect material financial inter-
est, (ii) appointment of commit-
tees, and (iii) indemnification of
directors.
A meeting at which a quo-
rum is initially present may
continue to transact business,
notwithstanding the withdraw-
al of directors, if any action
taken is approved by at least a
majority of the required quo-
rum for that meeting.
SECTION 10:
WAIVER OF NOTICE
The transaction of any meet-
ing of the Board of Directors,
however called and noticed or
wherever held, shall be as valid
as though taken at a meeting
duly held after regular call and
notice, if (a) a quorum is pre-
sent, and (b) either before or
after the meeting, each of the
directors not present signs a
written waiver of notice, a con-
sent to holding the meeting, or
an approval of the minutes.
The waiver of notice or consent
need not specify the purpose of
the meeting. All waivers, con-
sents, and approvals shall be
filed with the corporate records
or made a part of the minutes
of the meeting. Notice of a
meeting shall also be deemed
given to any director who
28
attends the meeting without
protesting before or at its com-
mencement about the lack of
adequate notice.
SECTION 11:
ADJOURNMENT
A majority of the directors
present, whether or not consti-
tuting a quorum, may adjourn
any meeting to another time
and place.
SECTION 12:
NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT
Notice of the time and place
of holding an adjourned meet-
ing need not be given unless
the meeting is adjourned for
more than 24 hours, in which
case personal notice of the time
and place shall be given before
the time of the adjourned meet-
ing to the directors who were
not present at the time of the
adjournment.
SECTION 13:
ACTION WITHOUT
MEETING
Any action required or per-
mitted to be taken by the Board
of Directors may be taken with-
out a meeting, if all members of
the board, individually or col-
lectively, consent in writing to
that action. Such action by writ-
ten consent shall have the same
force and effect as a unanimous
vote of the Board of Directors.
Such written consent or con-
sents shall be filed with the
minutes of the proceedings of
the board.
SECTION 14:
FEES AND COMPENSATION
OF DIRECTORS
Directors and members of
committees may receive such
compensation, if any, for their
services, and such reimburse-
ment of expenses, as may be
determined by resolution of the
Board of Directors to be just
and reasonable.
ARTICLE IX
COMMITTEES
SECTION 1:
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
The Board of Directors may,
by resolution adopted by a
majority of directors then in
office, designate one or more
committees, each consisting of
two or more directors, to serve
at the pleasure of the board.
Any committee, to the extent
provided in the resolution of
the board, shall have all the
authority of the board, except
that no committee, regardless of
board resolution, may:
(a) take any final action mat-
ters which, under the Nonprofit
Corporation Law of California,
also require members’ approval
or approval of the outstanding
shares;
(b) fill vacancies on the
Board of Directors or in any
committee;
(c) fix compensation of the
directors for serving on the
board or on any committee;
(d) amend or repeal bylaws
or adopt new bylaws;
(e) amend or repeal any res-
olution of the Board of Direc-
tors which by its express terms
is not so amenable or repeal-
able;
(f) appoint any other com-
mittees of the Board of Direc-
tors or the members of these
committees;
(g) expend corporate funds
to support a nominee for direc-
tor after there are more people
nominated for director than can
be elected; and
(h) approve any transaction
(i) to which the corporation is
a party and one or more
directors have a material
financial interest;
(ii) between the corporation
and one or more of its
directors or between the
corporation or any person
in which one or more of its
directors have a material
financial interest.
SECTION 2:
MEETINGS AND ACTION
OF COMMITTEES
Meetings and action of com-
mittees shall be governed by,
and held and taken in accor-
dance with, the provisions of
Article VIII of these bylaws,
concerning meetings of direc-
tors, with such change in the
context of those bylaws as are
necessary to substitute the com-
mittee and its members for the
Board of Directors and its mem-
bers, except that the time for
regular meetings of committees
may be determined either by
resolution of the Board of Direc-
tors or by resolution of the com-
mittee.
Special meetings of commit-
tees may also be called by reso-
lution of the Board of Directors.
Notice of special meetings of
committees shall also be given
to any and all alternate mem-
bers, who shall have the right to
attend all meetings of the com-
mittee.
Minutes shall be kept of
each meeting of any committee
and shall be filed with the cor-
porate records. The Board of
Directors may adopt rules for
the government of any commit-
tee not inconsistent with the
provisions of these bylaws.
SECTION 3:
PAST PRESIDENTS
ADVISORY BOARD
There shall be a standing
committee of past presidents of
the corporation, called the
Advisory Board. Members will
serve in a volunteer capacity for
the purpose of advising the
Officers and the Regional Direc-
tors in matters designated by
the Board of Directors.
The Advisory Board, at its
own expense, will convene and
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
present its recommendations to
the Board of Directors. Mem-
bers of the Advisory Board will
have no vote on the Board of
Directors unless they have been
duly elected to a position on
that Board.
ARTICLE X
OFFICERS
SECTION 1:
OFFICERS
The officers of the corpora-
tion shall be a president, a sec-
retary, a financial officer, a vice-
president for Print, and a vice-
president for Broadcast and
such other officers as may be
appointed in accordance with
the provisions of Section 3 of
this Article X. Any number of
offices may be held by the same
person, except that neither the
secretary nor the financial offi-
cer may serve concurrently as
the president, and all disburse-
ments shall be authorized by at
least two officers.
SECTION 2:
ELECTION OF OFFICERS
(a) The officers of the corpo-
ration, except those appointed
in accordance with the provi-
sions of Section 3 of this Article
X, shall be chosen by the mem-
bers, and each shall serve for
their terms. The president shall
be limited to one two-year term
of office at a time and may not
serve consecutive terms.
(b) A member must have
served at least one term on the
Board of Directors in any capac-
ity before Serving as president.
A member’s past service on the
board need not immediately
precede his/her term as presi-
dent.
SECTION 3:
SUBORDINATE OFFICERS
AND STAFF
The Board of Directors may
29
appoint, and may authorize the
president to appoint, any other
officers that the business of the
corporation may require, each
of whom shall have the title,
hold office for the period, have
the authority, and perform the
duties specified in the bylaws
or determined from time-to-
time by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 4:
REMOVAL OF OFFICERS
Subject to the rights, if any,
of any officer under any con-
tract of employment, any officer
may be removed, with cause,
by the Board of Directors, at a
special meeting of the board
convened with notice for said
purpose, the notice containing
the charges for said action and
after hearing the officer respond
to said charges. The dismissal
shall be subject to ratification or
revocation by the members in
accordance with the voting pro-
cedures established in these
bylaws.
SECTION 5:
RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS
Any officer may resign at
any time by giving written
notice to the corporation. Any
resignation shall take effect at
the date of the receipt of that
notice or at any later time spec-
ified in that notice; and, unless
otherwise specified in the
notice, the acceptance of the
resignation shall not be neces-
sary to make it effective. Any
resignation is without prejudice
to the rights, if any, of the cor-
poration under any contract to
which the officer is a party.
SECTION 6:
VACANCIES IN OFFICES
A vacancy in any office
because of death, resignation,
removal, disqualification or any
other cause shall be filled only
in the manner prescribed in
these bylaws for regular
appointment to that office.
SECTION 7:
RESPONSIBILITIES
OF OFFICERS
(a) President. Subject to such
supervisory powers of the
Board of Directors, the presi-
dent shall, subject to the control
of the Board of Directors, gener-
ally supervise, direct, and con-
trol the business and the offi-
cers of the corporation. He/she
shall preside at all meetings of
the members and at all meet-
ings of the Board of Directors.
He/she shall have such powers
and duties as may be pre-
scribed by the Board of Direc-
tors or the bylaws.
(b) Vice Presidents. In the
absence or disability of the
president, the Vice- Presidents,
in order of their rank as fixed
by the members in electing a
vice-president for Print and a
vice-president for Broadcast,
shall perform all the duties of
the president, and when so act-
ing shall have all the powers of,
and be subject to all the restric-
tions upon, the president. The
vice president receiving the
most votes from the general
membership during the most
recent election shall be the first
to succeed the president in case
of absence or vacancy. The vice-
presidents shall have such other
powers and perform such other
duties as from time-to-time
may be prescribed for them,
respectively, by the Board of
Directors.
(c) Secretary. The secretary
shall attend to the following:
(i) Book of minutes. The sec-
retary shall keep or cause
to be kept, at the principal
executive office or such
other place as the Board of
Directors may direct, a
book of minutes of all the
meetings and actions of
directors, committees of
directors, and, if special,
how authorized, the notice
given, the names of those
present at such meetings,
the number of members
present or represented at
members’ meetings, and
the proceedings of such
meetings.
(ii) Membership records. The
secretary shall keep, or
cause to be kept, at the
principal executive office,
as determined by resolu-
tion of the Board of Direc-
tors, a record of the corpo-
ration’s members, showing
the names of all members,
their addresses, and the
class of membership held
by each.
(iii) Notice. seal and other
duties. The secretary shall
give, or cause to be given,
notice of all meetings of
the members and of the
Board of Directors required
by the bylaws to be given.
He/she shall keep the seal
of the corporation in safe
custody. He/she shall have
such other powers and
perform such other duties
as may be prescribed by
the Board of Directors or
the bylaws.
(c) Financial Officer. The
financial officer shall attend to
the following:
(i) Books of account. The
financial officer shall keep
and maintain, or cause to
be kept and maintained,
adequate and correct books
and records of accounts of
the properties and business
transactions of the corpora-
tion, including account of
its assets, liabilities,
receipts, disbursements,
gains, losses, capital,
retained earnings, and
other matters customarily
included in financial state-
ments. The books of
account shall be open to
inspection by any director
at all reasonable times.
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
(ii) Deposit and disbursement
of money and valuables.
The financial officer shall
deposit all money and
other valuables in the
name and to the credit of
the corporation with such
depositories as may be des-
ignated by the Board of
Directors; shall disburse
the funds of the corpora-
tion as may be ordered by
the Board of Directors;
shall render to the presi-
dent and directors, when-
ever they request it, an
account of all of his/her
transactions as financial
officer and of the financial
condition of the corpora-
tion; and shall have other
powers and perform such
other duties as may be pre-
scribed by the Board of
Directors or the bylaws.
(iii) Bond. If required by the
Board of Directors, the
financial officer shall give
the corporation a bond in
the amount and with the
surety or sureties specified
by the Board for faithful
performance of the duties
of his office and for
restoration to the corpora-
tion of all its books, papers,
vouchers, money, and
other property of every
kind in his possession or
under his control on his
death, resignation, retire-
ment, or removal from
office.
ARTICLE XI
INDEMNIFICATION OF
DIRECTORS. OFFICERS.
EMPLOYEES.
AND OTHER AGENTS
SECTION l:
DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this
Article,
(a) “agent” means any per-
son who is or was a director,
officer, employee, or other
30
agent of this corporation, or is
or was serving at the request of
this corporation as a director,
officer, employee, or agent of
another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust, or other enter-
prise, or was a director, officer,
employee, or agent of a foreign
or domestic corporation that
was a predecessor corporation
of this corporation or of another
enterprise at the request of the
predecessor corporation.
(b) “proceeding” means any
threatened, pending, or com-
pleted action or proceeding,
whether civil, criminal, admin-
istrative, or investigative; and
(c) “expenses” includes,
without limitation, all attorney
fees, costs, and any other
expenses incurred in the
defense of any claims or pro-
ceedings against an agent by
reason of his/her position or
relationship: agent and all attor-
ney fees, costs, and other
expenses incurred in establish-
ing a right to indemnification
under this article.
SECTION 2:
ACTIONS BROUGHT
BY PERSONS OTHER THAN
THE CORPORATION
Subject to the required find-
ings to be made pursuant to
Section 5, below, this corpora-
tion shall indemnify any person
who was or is a party, or is
threatened to be made party, to
any proceeding other than an
action brought by, or on behalf
of, this corporation, or by an
officer, director or person grant-
ed related status by the Attor-
ney General, or by the Attorney
General on the ground that the
defendant director was or is
engaging in self-dealing within
the meaning of California Cor-
porations Code, or by the Attor-
ney General or a person grant-
ed related status by the Attor-
ney General for any breach of
duty relating to assets held in
charitable trust, by reason of the
fact that such person is or was
an agent of this corporation, for
all expenses, judgments, fines,
settlements, and other amounts
actually and reasonably
incurred in connection with the
proceeding.
SECTION 3:
CONTRACTUAL RIGHT
OF NON-DIRECTORS AND
NON-OFFICERS
Nothing contained in this
Article shall affect any right to
indemnification to which per-
sons other than directors and
officers of this corporation, or
any subsidiary hereof, may be
entitled by contract or other-
wise.
SECTION 4:
INSURANCE
The Board of Directors may
adopt a resolution authorizing
the purchase and maintenance
of insurance on their behalf or
of any agent of the corporation
against any liability asserted
against or incurred by the agent
in such capacity or arising out
of the agent’s status as such,
whether or not this corporation
would have the power to
indemnify the agent against
that liability under the provi-
sions of this section.
SECTION 5:
FIDUCIARIES OR
CORPORATE EMPLOYEE
BENEFIT PLAN
This Article does not apply
to any proceeding against any
trustee, investment manager, or
other fiduciary of an employee
benefit plan in that person’s
capacity as such, even though
that person may also be an
agent of the corporation as
defined in Section 1 of this Arti-
cle. Nothing contained in this
Article shall limit any right to
indemnification to which such a
trustee, investment manager, or
other fiduciary may be entitled
by contract or otherwise, which
shall be enforceable to the
extent permitted by applicable
law.
ARTICLE XIII
RECORDS AND REPORTS
SECTION l:
INSPECTION RIGHTS
Any member of the corpora-
tion may:
(a) inspect and copy the
records of members’ names and
addresses and voting rights
during usual business hours on
five day prior written demand
on the corporation, stating the
purpose for which the inspec-
tion of rights are requested, and
(b) obtain from the secretary
of the corporation, on written
demand and on the tender of
the secretary’s usual charges for
such a list, if any, a list of names
and addresses of members who
are entitled to vote for the elec-
tion of directors, and their vot-
ing rights, as of the most recent
record date for which that list
has been compiled, or as of a
date specified by the member
after the date of demand. The
demand shall state the purpose
for which the list is requested.
This list shall be made available
to any such member by the sec-
retary on or before the later of
10 days after the demand is
received or the date specified in
it as the date which the list is to
be compiled.
Any inspection and copying
under this section may be made
in person or by an agent or
attorney of the member and the
right of inspection includes the
right to copy and make extracts.
SECTION 2:
MAINTENANCE AND
INSPECTION
OF ARTICLES AND BYLAWS
The corporation shall keep
at its principal executive office,
or if its principal executive
 BYLAWS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HISPANIC JOURNALISTS
office is not in the State of Cali-
fornia, at its principal business
office in this State, the original
or a copy of the articles and
bylaws as amended to date,
which shall be open to inspec-
tion by the members at all rea-
sonable times during office
hours. If the principal execu-
tive office of the Corporation is
outside the State of California
and the corporation has no
principal business office in this
State, the secretary shall, on
the written request of any
member, furnish to that mem-
ber a copy of the articles and
bylaws as amended to date.
SECTION 3:
MAINTENANCE AND
INSPECTION
OF OTHER CORPORATE
RECORDS
The accounting books,
records, and minutes of pro-
ceeding of the members and
the Board of Directors and any
committee(s) of the Board of
Directors shall be kept at such
place or places designated by
the Board of Directors, or, in
the absence of such designa-
tion, at the principal executive
office of the corporation. The
minutes shall be kept in writ-
ten or typed form, and the
accounting books and records
shall be kept either in written
or typed form or in any other
form capable of being convert-
ed into written, typed, or
printed form. The minutes and
accounting books and records
shall be open to inspection on
the written demand of any
member, at any reasonable
time during usual business
hours, for a purpose reason-
ably related to the member’s
interests as a member. The
inspection may be made in
person or by an agent or attor-
ney, and shall include the right
to copy and make extracts.
These rights of inspection shall
extend to the records of each
31
subsidiary corporation of the
corporation.
SECTION 4:
INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS
Every director shall have
the absolute right at any reason-
able time to inspect all books,
records and documents of every
kind and the physical proper-
ties of the corporation and each
of its subsidiary corporations.
This inspection by a director
may be made in person or by
an agent or attorney, and the
right of inspection includes the
right to copy and make extracts
of documents.
SECTION 5:
ANNUAL REPORT
The Board of Directors shall
issue annual or other periodic
reports to the members of the
corporation as they consider
appropriate. However, the cor-
poration shall provide to the
directors, and to those members
who request it in writing, with-
in 120 days of the close of its
fiscal year, a report containing
the following information in
reasonable detail:
l. The assets and liabilities,
including the trust funds, of the
corporation as of the end of the
fiscal year.
2. The principal changes in
assets and liabilities, including
trust funds, during the fiscal
year.
3. The revenue or receipts of
the corporation, both unrestrict-
ed and restricted to particular
purposes, for the fiscal year.
4. The expenses or disburse-
ments of the corporation, for
both general and restricted pur-
poses, during the fiscal year.
ARTICLE XIII 4. To foster a greater under-
CONSTRUCTION AND standing of Hispanic media
DEFINITIONS professionals’ special cultural
identity, interests and concerns.
Unless the context requires
otherwise, the general provi-
sions, rules of construction, and These Bylaws were
definitions in the California approved by the members of
Nonprofit Corporation Law The National Association of
shall govern the construction of Hispanic Journalist at their
these bylaws. Without limiting meeting on July 28,1984 in Dal-
the generality of the above, the las, Texas.
masculine gender includes the
feminine and neuter, the singu-
lar number includes the plural,
the plural number includes the
singular, and the term “person”
includes both the corporation
and a natural person. Interpre-
tation of the bylaws will be a
prerogative of an absolute
majority of members of the
board.
ARTICLE XIV
AMENDMENTS
New bylaws may be adopt-
ed or these bylaws may be
amended or repealed by
approval of two-thirds of all the
members or their proxies, at the
assent of these persons. This
provision will not apply in the
first twelve (12) months of cor-
porate existence, when only a
simple majority will be required
for these bylaws to be amend-
ed.
ARTICLE XV
OBJECTIVES AND
PURPOSES
The objectives of this corpo-
ration shall be:
l. To organize and provide
mutual support for Hispanics
involved in the gathering or
dissemination of news.
2. To encourage and support
the study and practice of jour-
nalism and communications by
Hispanics.
3. To further the employ-
ment and career development
of Hispanics in the media.

Adopted by the members
of the National Association
of Hispanic Journalists on
April 27, 1985
CODE OF ETHICS
32
Preamble
he First Amendment,
T protecting freedom
of expression from
abridgment by any law, guar-
antees to the people through
their press a constitutional
right, and thereby places on
journalists a particular respon-
sibility.
The right of people to
receive truthful information
about events of public interest
and to exercise freedom of
expression are two of the pil-
lars of a democratic way of life.
Journalists, within our daily
tasks in the various media, are
depositories and guardians of
this right and this freedom
which belongs to all.
Thus journalism demands
of its practitioners not only
industry and knowledge, but
also the pursuit of a standard
of integrity proportionate to
the journalist’s singular obliga-
tion.
A free press has responsibil-
ities to all segments of society.
We must recognize that society
can best be served by media
outlets that represent all those
segments. Therefore, we must
encourage opportunities for all
media to have equal access to
news sources regardless of
style, orientation, language
and/or audience.
Hispanic journalism tradi-
tion, of which we are heirs, is
in fact one of the main contri-
butions which Hispanics give
toward the betterment of soci-
ety in the United States of
America. With the goal of guar-
anteeing the right of expression
and the right of the people to
be informed, we the members
of the Hispanic Journalists,
proud of our heritage, adopt
the following Code of Ethics.
Article 1
The abilities and values of
news professionals are
enhanced by diversity of exper-
tise interests and backgrounds.
As Hispanics, we are blessed
with the opportunity to live
and appreciate more than one
language and culture. We
should be especially aware of
the advantages cultural plural-
ism presents and encourage it.
Article 2
The journalist will make
every effort to present a proper
and just image of those groups
which make up society. Thus,
he/she will not promote
prejudicial or ethnic slurs nor
attacks upon a person’s
honesty.
Article 3
The news organization
should serve as a constructive
critic of all segments of society.
It should vigorously expose
wrongdoing or misuse of
power, public or private. Edito-
rially, it should advocate need-
ed reform or innovation in the
public interest.
Article 4
The journalist will endeavor
to present an honest version of
the news coverage assigned to
him/her and should avoid
practices that would conflict
with the ability to report and
present news in a fair and
unbiased manner. He/she will
show all sides of every valid
controversy. This also includes
the reporting of background
news and the clarification, with
facts, of any allegations which
the journalist deems false or
misleading.
Article 5
The journalist will not
accept remunerations from out-
side sources to cover or alter
news or editorials.
Article 6
Pledges of confidentiality to
news sources must be honored
at all costs. Whenever possible,
the journalist will endeavor to
obtain information from identi-
fiable sources and will not
abuse anonymous sources.
Article 7
The journalist will not serve
as an auxiliary or agent to a
police force, nor surrender vol-
untarily material which he/she
receives or produces as part of
his/her professional duties, nor
as a journalist will he/she be
available to judge those
accused in a court of law.
Article 8
The journalist has the con-
stitutional right to participate
in public life and the tradition
to express his/her opinions as
a journalist through the appro-
priate medium. However, in
order to maintain public trust
in his/her honesty and to pre-
vent situations which might
create reasonable doubts about
his/her integrity, the journalist
must not accept renumerations
from sources he/she covers,
nor use his/her professional
status as a representative of the
public for selfish or other
unworthy motives.
Article 9
Journalists must respect the
rights of people involved in the
news, observe the common
standards of decency and stand
accountable to the public for
the fairness and accuracy of
their news reports. Persons
publicly accused must be given
the earliest opportunity to
respond. Substantive errors
must be admitted and correct-
ed promptly and prominently.
Article 10
We as the National Associa-
tion of Hispanic Journalists
uphold this Code of Ethics and
will actively promote it. Any
violations brought to the atten-
tion of NAHJ will be promptly
considered and, if necessary,
acted upon.
National Association of Hispanic Journalists
1000 National Press Building
Washington, DC 20045-2100
(202) 662-7145 • FAX (202) 662-7144
Web: www.nahj.org • E-mail: nahj@nahj.org