Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Machining
g Centers
Machining
g Centers
Machining
g Centers
Programming
g
g Methods
Programming
g
g Methods-APT
Programming
g
g Methods-CAM
Speed
p
& feed data based on material and tool specifications
p
Programming
g
g Methods-CAM
Programming
g
g Methods-CAM
Examples:
Direct input
Import from external system
2D or 3D scan
Model or Blueprint
p
10
Contours
Pockets
Hole patterns
Surfaces
Volume to be removed
((At this point
p
the system
y
knows what you
y
want
to cut)
11
Tool information
T
Type,
Rpm,
R
F
Feed
d
Cut method
Example
E
l - Pocket
P k t mill
ill zig-zag,
i
spiral,
i l iinside-out
id
t
Rough and finish parameters
(At this point the system knows how you want to cut
the part)
12
13
Post Processing
Work envelope
Limits - feed rates
rates, tool changer
changer, rpms
rpms, etc.
etc
G & M function capabilities
14
Output:
p NC Code
15
CAD to NC Code
Import
File
Post Process
DXF
IGES
CL
File
Geometry
Direct input
Tool Type
Rpms Feeds
Method
Canned cycles
Cut direction
NC Code
N1 G80 G90
N3 G0 T01 M06
N5 G0 X0 Y0
16
Advantages
g of CNC Machine Tools
17
Advantages
g of CNC Machine Tools
18
Advantages
g of CNC Machine Tools
Reduced set-up
p time
Reduced lead times
R d
Reduced
d iinventory
t
Better machine utilization
Job advancement opportunities
19
Advantages
g of CNC Machine Tools
20
Using
g Pro/E
/
FeaturesIndividual
F
t
I di id l geometry
t created
t d one att a titime.
Features include datums, extrusions, holes, rounds,
chamfers,, surface features,, cuts,, patterns,
p
, sweeps,
p , etc.
You can have multiple features in a part.
PartsCollection of geometric features that define the
geometric
t i entity
tit called
ll d th
the part.
t P
Parts
t are referred
f
d tto as
components in an assembly. You can have multiple
components
co
po e s in a
an asse
assembly.
by
AssembliesCollection of components assembled
together to create the model. You can have multiple
assemblies
bli and
d subassemblies
b
bli in
i a hi
hierarchical
hi l order
d
according to their relationships with other assemblies and
the master assembly.
21
Pro/NC
/
Flow Chart
22
Introduction
NC Sequences
An NC sequence
q
is an assembly
y ((or workpiece)
p
)
feature that represents a single tool path.
Gouging
When too much material is removed from the
part, it is said to be gouged or overcut..
23
Gouging
g g
When too
Wh
t much
h material
t i l is
i removed
d from
f
the
th part,
t it is
i said
id tto b
be
gouged or overcut.
The converse of gouging a work-piece is undercutting--not
removing enough material.
Interference between the workpiece and components of the
machining center such as clamps, fixtures, tool cutting surfaces,
toolholders and shanks is called a collision.
Gouging, undercutting and collisions are costly and result in a lot
of scrap and major loss of productivity
productivity.
The word most often associated with machine downtime is
gouging.
Gouging a workpiece or surface is one of the biggest problems
that machinists face today because the number of complex
workpieces is increasing these days.
24
Design
g Model
The Pro/ENGINEER
design model,
representing
ti the
th
finished product, is
used as the basis for all
manufacturing
operations.
operations
1.
1
2.
Holes to be drilled
Surfaces to be milled
25
Workpiece
p
The workpiece
represents the raw
stock
t k that
th t is
i going
i to
t be
b
machined by the
manufacturing
operations
1.
2.
3.
Introduction
Fixtures
Fixtures are parts or assemblies that help orient
and hold the workpiece during a
manufacturing operation.
27
Coordinate Systems
y
They define the orientation of the workpiece on the
machine and act as the origin (0, 0, 0) for CL data
generation.
Yw
Ym
Zw
Xw
Xm
28
Retract Surface
1.
2.
Retract plane
Retract cylinder
29
Operations
p
Name
Workcell to be used
Coordinate system for CL data output
Retract surface
30
Workcells
A workcell is a workpiece (or assembly) feature
that specifies a machine tool using:
Name
Type
Number of axes
A set of parameters
Associated tool
31
Tools Setup
p
Select Manufacturing Setup->Tooling
NC Manufacturing requires the following
general categories of information about
tools:
Tool Type
Geometry parameters
T l Number
Tool
N b
Offset Number
32
33
Built in Tools
34
Built in Tools
35
Built in Tools
36
Built in Tools
37
Built in Tools
38
Built in Tools
100
50
0
1st
Qtr
3rd
Qtr
East
West
North
39
Milling/Turning
/
Using
P /E
Pro/E
40
Milling (3-Axis)
41
Mill Geometryy
Mill Wi
Window
d
by projecting the silhouette of the reference part on the Mill
Window start plane, by sketching or by selecting a closed
contour. All surfaces visible within the contour are milled
Mill Volumes
Mill Surfaces
A Mill surface is a special surface feature, created by the set of
techniques
tec
ques that
t at can
ca be used in Su
Surface
ace milling
g NC
C seque
sequences.
ces
42
Mill Surfaces
43
Cut Parameters
TOLERANCE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
TOLERANCE
Design Surface
Machined Surface
Tool Centerline path
Tool
44
Feed
CUT_FEED
CUT
FEED
CUT_UNITS
IPM (inches
(i h per minutedefault),
i t
d f lt) FPM (f
(feett per minute),
i t )
MMPM (millimeters per minute), FPR (feet per revolution),
IPR (inches per revolution), MMPR (millimeters per
revolution).
RETRACT_FEED
RETRACT UNITS
RETRACT_UNITS
FREE_FEED
PLUNGE_FEED
G
PLUNGE_UNITS
45
Defining
g Tools
46
Volume Milling
47
Profile Milling:
g
48
Surface Milling
g
Surface
S
f
milling
illi NC S
Sequence iis generally
ll
used to semi-finish or finish the shallow
surfaces It is a versatile sequence which
surfaces.
can generate a lot of toolpath strategies
49
Trajectory
j
y Milling
g
50
CL Data Generation
51
CL Data (Continue)
(
)
$$*
Pro/CLfile Version Wildfire 3.0 - M020
$$-> MFGNO / TRAINING
PARTNO / TRAINING
$$-> FEATNO / 892
MACHIN / UNCX01, 1
$$-> CUTCOM_GEOMETRY_TYPE / OUTPUT_ON_CENTER
UNITS / MM
LOADTL / 1
$$-> CUTTER / 2
2.000000
000000
$$-> CSYS / 1.0000000000, 0.0000000000, 0.0000000000, 0.0000000000, $
0.0000000000, 1.0000000000, 0.0000000000, 0.0000000000, $
0.0000000000, 0.0000000000, 1.0000000000, 0.0000000000
SPINDL / RPM, 1000.000000, CLW
RAPID
GOTO / 5.0000000000,, 40.0000000000,, 5.0000000000
RAPID
GOTO / 5.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -1.0000000000
FEDRAT / 10.000000, MMPM
GOTO / 5.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -2.0000000000
CIRCLE / 10.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -2.0000000000, $
0.0000000000, -0.0000000000, -1.0000000000, 5.0000000000
GOTO / 10.0000000000, 45.0000000000, -2.0000000000
GOTO / 90.0000000000, 45.0000000000, -2.0000000000
CIRCLE / 90.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -2.0000000000, $
-0.0000000000, -0.0000000000, -1.0000000000, 5.0000000000
GOTO / 95.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -2.0000000000
GOTO / 95.0000000000, 10.0000000000, -2.0000000000
CIRCLE / 90
90.0000000000,
0000000000 10
10.0000000000,
0000000000 -2.0000000000,
2 0000000000 $
-0.0000000000, 0.0000000000, -1.0000000000, 5.0000000000
GOTO / 90.0000000000, 5.0000000000, -2.0000000000
GOTO / 10.0000000000, 5.0000000000, -2.0000000000
CIRCLE / 10.0000000000, 10.0000000000, -2.0000000000, $
-0.0000000000, -0.0000000000, -1.0000000000, 5.0000000000
GOTO / 5
5.0000000000,
0000000000 10
10.0000000000,
0000000000 -2.0000000000
-2 0000000000
GOTO / 5.0000000000, 40.0000000000, -2.0000000000
GOTO / 5.0000000000, 40.0000000000, 5.0000000000
SPINDL / OFF
$$-> END /
FINI
52
NC Post-Processing
g
NC M
Manufacturing
f t i generates
t cutter
tt location
l
ti
(CL) data files in an ASCII format that need to
b post-processed
be
t
d tto create
t Machine
M hi C
Control
t l
Data (MCD) files before any machining
operation occurs.
occurs
Select which post-processor to use.
Execute post-processors with option to run CL
file.
Execute post-processors with options directly
upon
p output
p of tool p
path.
53
NC Post-Processing
g (Continue)
(
)
%
(Date:10/22/08 Time:13:21:01)
N0001G98G80G90G49G17
N0002G54
N0003T1M6
N0004S1000M3
N0005G0X5.Y40.
N0006G43Z5.H1
N0007Z-1.
N0008G1Z-2.F10.
N0009G2X10.Y45.I5.J0.
N0010G1X90.
N0011G2X95.Y40.I0.J-5.
N0012G1Y10
N0012G1Y10.
N0013G2X90.Y5.I-5.J0.
N0014G1X10.
N0015G2X5.Y10.I0.J5.
N0016G1Y40.
N0017Z5.
N0018M5
N0019M30
%
55
Transferring
g CNC Part Program
g
to
CNC Machine
Serial port
Baud
Data bits
Parity
Even
Stop bits
56
Output:
p NC Code
57
Turning
58
Lathe (Continue)
(
)
59
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Reference part
p
Workpiece
Stock boundary sketch
Cut sketch
Cut extensions
Cut area
60
Holder_Type
_ yp
1.
2.
Holder_Type Left
Holder_Type Right
61
Tool Definition
62
63
64
Groovingg (Continue)
(
)
65
Groovingg (Continue)
(
)
66