Electricity and New Energy

Three-Phase Induction Motor Starters

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Table of Contents
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Festo Didactic 88197-10

About This Manual

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Prerequisite
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DC Power Circuits SDUW QXPEHU Single-Phase AC Power Circuits SDUW
QXPEHU Three-Phase AC Power Circuits SDUW QXPEHU 7K\ULVWRU
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To the Instructor
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Sample Exercise
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Exercise

DOL Starters and Soft Starters



EXERCISE OBJECTIVE

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DISCUSSION OUTLINE

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Voltage output of a soft starter. Effect of the soft starter on the motor
current. Effect of the soft starter on the motor torque. Effect of the soft
starter on the motor speed. How a soft starter controls voltage. Bypass
circuit. Types of soft starters.

DISCUSSION

Introduction
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Festo Didactic 88197-10

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11

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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13

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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14

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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15

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16

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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17

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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18

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion





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Festo Didactic 88197-10

19

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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20

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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21

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Discussion

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Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure Outline

PROCEDURE OUTLINE

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Setup and connections

In this part of the exercise, you will connect your equipment as a DOL starter,
configure parameters in LVDAC-EMS so that the Four-Quadrant
Dynamometer/Power Supply emulates a flywheel, and set the Oscilloscope to
observe the motor start-up current, torque, and speed.
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Festo Didactic 88197-10

23

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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input I4 of the Data Acquisition and Control Interface is used to
a Current
monitor the motor current in order to protect the motor from overheating if
excessive currents flow through the stator windings. The range of current to be
used for current input I4 is 40 A.

24

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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Festo Didactic 88197-10

25

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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that the pulley
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ratio between the Four-Quadrant Power

the Four-Pole Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

is 24:24.

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26

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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VHWWKHDFTXLVLWLRQPRGHWRPeak Detect

Starting an induction motor using a DOL starter

In this part of the exercise, you will start the motor using a DOL starter. You will
record the motor current, torque, and speed at start-up and analyze the results.
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above manipulation must be performed rapidly to ensure that the
a The
Oscilloscope records the entire evolution of the various parameters during
motor start-up.

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the Oscilloscope operates in peak detect mode and a slow time base is
a Since
used, it displays the envelope of the motor current rather than its waveform.

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Festo Didactic 88197-10

27

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure




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DERXW$SHDNYDOXH


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maximal current obtained in step 22 is a peak value. Convert this peak
a The
value to an rms value before making the comparison.


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Festo Didactic 88197-10

29

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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30

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

Soft starter setup and settings

In this section, you will modify the equipment connections so as to replace the
DOL starter with a soft starter.
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Festo Didactic 88197-10

31

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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32

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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WKHSync.VZLWFKLVVWLOOVHWWRWKH2RIISRVLWLRQ
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Festo Didactic 88197-10

33

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

Starting an induction motor using a soft starter

In this part of the exercise, you will start the motor, still coupled to the same
mechanical load used earlier in the exercise, using a soft starter. You will record
the motor current, torque, and speed at start-up and analyze the results.
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 ,Q WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ ZLQGRZ VWDUW WKH
PHFKDQLFDOORDG
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EXWWRQRIWKHVRIWVWDUWHUWRVWDUWWKHPRWRU
above manipulation must be performed rapidly to ensure the Oscilloscope
a The
records the entire evolution of the various parameters during motor start-up.

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34

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

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Festo Didactic 88197-10

35

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure



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36

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Procedure

DOL starter versus soft starter

In this part of the exercise, you will compare the results you obtained with the
DOL starter and the soft starter (for the same mechanical load) and try to deduce
what the advantages and limitations of each one are.
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GUDZVIURPWKHSRZHUVRXUFHGXULQJVWDUWXS"


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Festo Didactic 88197-10

37

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Conclusion

 ,Q WKH Tools PHQX RI WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\
ZLQGRZVHOHFWReset to Default Friction Compensation7KLVZLOOEULQJXSWKH
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DQGUHWXUQWKHPWRWKHLUVWRUDJHORFDWLRQ

CONCLUSION

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OHDUQHG DERXW YDULRXV SKHQRPHQD RFFXUULQJ GXULQJ PRWRU VWDUWXS PRWRU
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WKLVH[HUFLVH\RXVKRXOGKDYHDFTXLUHGDJHQHUDOXQGHUVWDQGLQJRI'2/VWDUWHUV
DQGVRIWVWDUWHUVDQGEHDEOHWRSRLQWRXWWKHPDLQGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQWKHVHWZR
W\SHVRIVWDUWHU

REVIEW QUESTIONS

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38

Festo Didactic 88197-10

Exercise 1 DOL Starters and Soft Starters Review Questions

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WKHUHE\UHGXFLQJWKHVWUHVVWKHFKDLQHQGXUHV7KLVXOWLPDWHO\UHVXOWVLQOHVV
IUHTXHQWFKDLQIDLOXUHV


Festo Didactic 88197-10

39

Bibliography
$JDUZDO $ DQG /DQJ - + Foundations of Analog and Digital Electronic
Circuits(OVHYLHU,6%1
$JUDZDO . & Industrial Power Engineering and Applications Handbook
1HZQHV,6%1
%DUQHV 0 Practical Variable Speed
1HZQHV,6%1

Drives

and

Power

Electronics

%ROGHD,DQG1DVDU6$The Induction Machine Handbook&5&3UHVV

,6%1
5DVKLG 0 Power Electronics Handbook $FDGHPLF 3UHVV ,6%1

:LOGL 7 Electrical Machines, Drives and Power SystemsWK (GLWLRQ 3UHQWLFH
+DOO,6%1
:X % HW DO Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems -RKQ
:LOH\ 6RQV,6%1


Festo Didactic 88197-10

93