REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

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2/5/15

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Reproductive Health
Is a state of complete : physical, mental, social well
being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive
system and to its functions and processes.

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Reproductive Health
People have the ability :
To reproduce

To regulate their fertility

The women are able to go safely through

pregnancy and childbirth

Reproduction is carried to a successful outcome

through infant and child survival and well being

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Reproductive Health
Definition of sexual health should include :
Ability to enjoy mutually fulfilling sexual
relationship

Freedom from sexual abuse

Coercion/harassment

Safety from sexually transmitted diseases

Success in achieving or in preventing pregnancy

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Reproductive Health
Health issue

Development issue

Human rights issue

Reasons of impact, urgency, inequity reproductive

health is a global concern

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Impact of Reproductive Health:

Is not limited to the individual, family,society

at large

It extend across national boundaries to the

world as a whole

2 areas such a mayor impact :

1. The ability to regulate and control fertility
2. Safety from sexually transmitted diseases
( STDs)

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Reproductive Health :
A Womans Concern

Reproductive health is an important component of

health for both women and men.

Is more critical for women

A mayor burden of disease in females is related to

their reproductive function, reproductive potential

Women often suffer because of their natural

physiological role in the survival of the species

task s related to it

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Mayor disease
Female

Males

Maternity

1. HIV Infection

STD

2. Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

3. Motor vehicle

1.

2.

3.

HIV Infection

4.

5.

Depressive disorders

injuries
4. Homicide and
violence
5. War

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Determinants of Reproductive
Health
Providence ( genetic, gender)

1.

People ( lifestyle behaviour, undermine their own

health)
2.

3.

Socio-economic conditions,Politicians
Providers of health care

4.

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GOALS
1. Reduced unintended pregnancies
2. Reduced maternal mortality
3. Reduced infant and child mortality
4. Reduced sexually-transmitted disease
( STD)transmission with a focus on HIV

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INDICATOR
Indicator for evaluating reproductive health intervention in 5 areas:

Safe pregnancy ( including the treatment and prevention of unsafe

abortion)
1.

STD/HIV

2.

Womens Nutrition

3.

Breastfeeding

4.

5.

Adolescent reproductive health services

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Safe Pregnancy
Maternal and neonatal health:

1.

Met need for emergency obstetric care

Perinatal mortality rate

Case fatality rate

Percentage of all adults knowledgeable about maternal complication of

pregnancy and childbirth

Percentage of pregnant women with at least 2 doses of tetanus toxoid

immunization

Maternal mortality ratio and rate

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2. Post abortion care

Existence of service and administrative policy on
the elements of post abortion care

Percentage of post abortion care clients who

receive counseling and referral or accept a family
planning method at time of service

Facility case fatality rate post abortion

complication

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STD/HIV
Percentage of clients correctly managed for STD

Number of condoms distributed

Percentage of family planning clients who accept condoms

Percentage of adults practicing low risk behavior for STD/HIV

STD prevalence in defined target population

HIV prevalence in pregnant women

Reported incidence of urethritis in men

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Woman Nutrition
Existence of womens nutrition as a policy priority

Percentage of households using iodized salt

Percentage of women wih anemia

Percentage of women with low milk breast vitamin

A level

Percentage of women of low weight

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Breastfeeding
National breastfeeding policy and plan

Community base counseling

Continued breastfeeding at 24 months

Contraception among nursing mothers

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Adolescent Reproductive Health

Services
Existence of government policies, programs or laws favorable to

adolescent reproductive health

Total number of contact with adolescents

(Adolescent) contraceptive user and/or non user characteristics

Adolescentss knowledge of reproductive helath

Percentage of participants ( peers, parents, teachers) competent in

communication with adolescents in reproductive health issues