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AC or Alternating Electricity that reverses it's direction of electron flow in regular intervals

Current
Acetylene

Gas composed to two parts carbon and two parts hydogen, when burned
with oxygen, produces on of the highest flame temperatures obtainable

Acetylene
Regulator

Device used to control flow of acetylene. Tegulartor reduces acetylene


cylinder pressures to torch pressures and keeps pressures constant

Actual Throat

shortest distance from root of weld to face of weld

Adhesion

Act of sticking or clinging

Alloy

Pure metal that has additional metal or nonmetal elements added while
molton.

Ampere

Unit of electrical current.

Arc

Flow of electricity through gaseous space or air gap

Arc blow

wanderign of an electric arc from its normal path due to magnetic forces

Axis of weld

Imaginary line through the center of the weld metal from the beginning to
end of weld

Backfire

'Pop' of torch flame followed by extinguishing the flame or continued


burning of gases

Base Metal

metal to be welded, cut or brazed

Bead

appearance of the finished weld

Bevel

angle cut on edge of base metal in weld to create a groove

Buildup

The amount that the weld face extends above the surface of the base metal

Butt Joint

Two pieces are joined in the same plane, with the edge of one touching the
edge of the other

Capillary Action

Property of liquid to move into small spaces if it has the abiity to 'wet'
those surfaces

Coalescence

Intermixing or growing together of materials into one body while being


welded

Cohesion

Sticking together through attraction of molecules

Concave weld
face

A weld with the center of its face below the weld edges

Conductivity

The ability of a conductor to carry a current

Conductor

Supstance capable of readily transmitting electricity or heat

Cone

Inner visible flame shape of a neutral or nearly neutral flame

Convex weld

A weld with the face above the weld edges

Covered electrode Metal rod used in arc welding, covering materials aid in arc welding

Crown

The curved or convex surface of a finished weld

DC or Direct
Current

Electric current that flows only in one direction

Depth of fusion

Depth to which base metal is melted during welding

Diffusion

Spreading of an element throughout a gas, liquid, or solid, so that all of it


has the same composition

Discontinuity

Any abrupt change or break (crack, seams, laps, bumps or changes in


density) in the shape or structure of a part. The usefulness of that part may
or may not be affected

Distortion

Warping of a part of a structure

Drag

The offset distance between the actual and theoretical exit points of the
cutting oxygen stream, measured on the exit side of that material

Ductility

The ability of a material to be changed in shape without cracking or


breaking

Edge joint

A joint between the edges of two or more parallel parts

Effective throat

On a fillet weld: the least distance from the root of a weld to the weld face

Electrode

Terminal point to which elecctricity os brought in the welding operation


from which the arc is produced to do the welding. Usually melted and
becomes part of the weld

Electron

One of the fundamental parts of an atom that has a small negative


electrical charge

Face of a weld

Exposed surace of the weld

Feed rate

Speed material moves through welding gun in a unit of time (MIG)

Filler metal

Metal added when making a welded, brazed or soldered joint

Fillet weld

Metal fused into a corner formed by two pieces of metal which are about
90 degrees to each other

Filter plate

Optical material that protects eyes from ultraviolet, infrared and visible
radiation

Flash

Impact of eletric arc rays against himan eyes

Flashback

burning ack of gases into oxyfuel gas torch, hoses and possibly into
regulator and cylinder: VERY DANGEROUS SITUATION

Flashback arrestor Check valve installed between torch and welding hose to prevent flow of
burning gas and oxygen ack into hoses and regulators
Flay position weld Horizontal weld on upper side of a horizontal surface
Flux

Material used to prevent, dissolve, or help remove oxides and other


undesirable surface substances

Front view

The view on a working drawing that shows the greatest amount of detail
about an object's shape and size

Fusion

Intimate mizing or combining of molten metals

Fusion Face

The surface of the base metal which is melted during welding

GMAW

Arc welding using a continuously fed comsumable electrode and a


shielding gas

GTAW

Arc welding using electrode and a shileding gas. The filler metal is added
using a welding rod

Groove joint

Joint that has one or both edges cut or machined to form a bevel. V, U, or J
groove

Heat conductivity speed and efficiency of heat energy movement through a substance
Heat

Molecular energy of motion

Helmet

Protective hood that fits welder's head with filtering lens through which
welder can see arc safely

Incomplete
Fushion

Less-than-complete fusion of weld material with the ase metal or with the
preceding bead

Inert gas

A gas which does not normally combine chmically wiht the base metal or
filler metal

Interface

Surface forms a common boundary between two bodies

Joint

Line or area where two peices are joined in an assembly

Joint penetration

Depth of weld metal and base metal fusion in welded joint

Lap Joint

Joint in whcih the edges of the two metal to be joined overlap

Neutral flame

Flame resulting from combustion of perfect proportions of oxygen and


welding gas.

Overhead position Weld made on the underside of joint with the face of the weld in a
horizontal position
Penetration

Extent to which the weld metal combines with the base metal, as measured
from surface of the base metal

Plasma

Temporary physical condistion of a gas after it has been exposed to and


has reacted to an extremely high temperature

PAC

Mettal cutting process that uses an electric arc and fast flowing ionized
gases (plasma arc cutting)

Polarity

Direction of flow of electrons in a closed direct current welding circuit

Purging

Passing the proper gas through a system to ensure that there is no air or
fereign sustances in the system

Root of weld

That part of the farthest from the sources of weld heat and/or from the side

where filler metal is added


SMAW

Arc weldig process that melts and fuses metals using the heat of an arc
between a covered electrode and base metal.

Short arc

Arc process that uses a low voltage

Spray arc

GMAW process with an arc voltage high enough to continuously transfer


the electrode metal across the arc in small globules

Tack weld

Small weld used to temporarily hold components together

T-Joint

Joint formed by placing on metal against another to form a T

Toe of weld

Junction between the face of the weld and the base metal

Undercut

Depression at the toe of the weld that is below the surface of the base
metal

Vertical Position

Type of weld in which the welding is done in a vertical seam on a vertical


surface

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