PREPARED BY: MD.

MIRAJUL ISLAM/DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING/UNIVERSITY OF BARISAL

VOICE
Rules of voice change: Active to passive:
Active Gi object,passive Gi subject nq |

Active Gi subject,passive Gi object nq |

Passive Gi subject Abyhvqx auxiliary verb eme|
Active Gi main verb Gi past participle form eme passive voice G|
Passive voice Gi object Gi c~e mvavibZ by/to/with/at em|
Active voice wU h tense G _vKe passive voice wUI mB tense Gi ne|
Object Pbvi Dcvq:
mvavibZ g~j verb Gi ci object _vK (The boys are playing football.)
ABK mgq active voice G `ywU object _vK| ZLb active voice K passive voice Kivi mgq c_g
object wU A_vr ewevPK object wUK subject KivB kq|
Active : The principal teaches us English.
Passive : We are taught English by the principal.
Or , English is taught us by the principal.
AbK mgq active voiceG `ywU object Gi ga h Kvb GKwUi c~e preposition _vK| ZLb h object
wUi c~e preposition _vK mwU passive voice Gi subject wnme eenZ nq bv| evwK h object wU
_vK mwUB passive voice Gi subject wnme em|
Active : He did for me the necessary things.
Passive : The necessary thing were done for me by him.

Subject Ges object Gi cwieZb:

Active voice Ges passive voice Gi subject Ges object hw` Noun nq Ze cwieZb ne bv| Avi hw`
Pronoun nq Ze AekB subject wnmve subjective form Ges object wnmve objective form eme| wbi
QK welqwU Zzj aiv njSubjective form
Objective form
I,We
Me,Us
You
You
He,She
Him,Her
They
Them
Auxiliary verb eenvii wbqg:

Present indefinite
Past indefinite
Future indefinite
Present continuous
Past continuous
Future continuous
Present perfect
Past perfect
Future perfect
Present perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous
Future perfect continuous

: am/is/are
: was/were
: shall/will +be
: am/is/are +being
: was/were +being
: shall be/will be +being
: has/have +been
: had been
: shall have/will have+ been
: have been/has been+ being
: had been being
: shall have/will have +been +being

PREPARED BY: MD. MIRAJUL ISLAM/DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING/UNIVERSITY OF BARISAL

Short cut way to remember:

Active
1. (Mv+v1)
2. (Mv+v2)
3. Am/is/are +verb + ing
4. Was/were+ verb+ ing
5. Have/has+v3
6. Had +v3
7. Has/have +been+ verb+ ing
8. Had been +verb + ing
9. Shall/will+v1
10. Shall/will+ be +verb +ing
11. Shall have/will have +v3
12. Shall have/will have+ been +verb+ ing

Passive
: am/is/are+v3
: was/were+v3
: am/is/are +being+v3
: was/were +being+v3
: has/have +been+v3
: had been+v3
: have been/has been+ being+v3
: had been being+v3
: shall/will +be+v3
: shall be/will be +being+v3
: shall have/will have+ been+v3
: shall have/will have +been +being+v3

Voice change in details according to the tense:

Present indefinite tense:
Structure : Subject+am/is/are+v3+by+object.
Active : He plays football.
Active : I eat rice.

Passive: Football is played by him.

Passive: Rice is eaten by me.

Present continuous tense:

Structure : Subject+am/is/are+being+v3+by+object.
Active : Arnob is playing football.
Active :We are digging a canal.
Active :They are eating mangoes.

Passive: Football is being played by Arnob.

Passive: A canal is being dug by us.
Passive: Mangoes are being eaten by them.

Present perfect tense:

Structure : Subject+have/has+been+v3+by+object.
Active :He has done the work.
Active :I have eaten rice.

Passive: The work has been done by him.

Passive: Rice has been eaten by me.

Present perfect continuous tense:

Structure : Subject+have/has+been+being+v3+by+object.
Active :He has been doing the work.
Active :I have been eating rice.

Passive: The work has been being done by him.

Passive: Rice has been being eaten by me.

PREPARED BY: MD. MIRAJUL ISLAM/DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING/UNIVERSITY OF BARISAL

Past indefinite tense:

Structure : Subject+was/were+v3+by+object.
Active :He killed a bird.
Active :I read the books.

Passive: A bird was killed by him.

Passive: The books were read by me.

Past continuous tense:

Structure : Subject+was/were+being+v3+by+object.
Active :He was reading a book.
Active :They were flying kites.

Passive: A book was being read by him.

Passive: Kites were being flown by them.

Past perfect tense:

Structure : Subject+had been+v3+by+object.
Active :I had written the letter.
Active :We had dug the canal.

Passive: The letter had been written by me.

Passive: The canal had been dug by us.

Past perfect continuous tense:

Structure : Subject+had been+being+v3+by+object.
Active :I had been writing the letter. Passive: The letter had been being written by me.
Active :We had been digging the canal. Passive: The canal had been being dug by us.
Future indefinite tense:
Structure : Subject+shall/will+be+v3+by+object.
Active :I shall do the work.
Active :He will help me.

Passive: The work will be done by me.

Passive: I shall be helped by him.

Future continuous tense:

Structure : Subject+shall/will+be+being+v3+by+object.
Active :The teacher will be teaching us.Passive: We shall be being taught by the teacher.
Active :We shall be taking tea.
Passive: Tea will be being taken by us.
Future perfect tense:
Structure : Subject+shall have/will have+been+v3+by+object.
Active :He will have read the book.
Active :They will have finished the work.

Passive: The book will have been read by him.

Passive: The work will have been finished by them.

PREPARED BY: MD. MIRAJUL ISLAM/DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING/UNIVERSITY OF BARISAL

Future perfect continuous tense :

Structure : Subject+shall have/will have+been+being+v3+by+object.
Active :He will have been reading the book.
Passive: The book will have been being read by him.
Active :They will have been finishing the work.
Passive: The work will have been being finished by them.
IMPERATIVE SENTENCE
(A) Main verb w`q Avi^ njStructure :Let+subject+be+v3
Active : Do the work.
Passive: Let the work be done.
Active : Shut the door.
Passive: Let the door be shut.
Active : Write the letter without any delay.
Passive: Let the letter be written without any delay.
(B) Do not w`q Avi^ njStructure : let not+subject+be+v3
Active : Do not shut the door.
Passive: Let not the door be shut.
Active : Do not play football at noon. Passive: Let not football be played at noon.
Active : Do not hate the poor.
Passive: Let not the poor be hated.

(C) Let+ ewevPK object (me,us,you,them,him,her) w`q Avi^ njStructure:Let+subject+be+v3+object

Active : Let me do the work.
Passive: Let the work be done by me.
Active : Let him write a letter.
Passive: Let a letter be written by him.
Active : Let the girl sing a song.
Passive: Let a song be sung by the girl.
(D) Main verb+ ewevPK object (me,us,you,them,him,her) w`q Avi^ nj
Structure:let+subject+be+v3+for+ ewevPK object.
Active : Buy me a shirt.
Passive: Let a shirt be bought for me.
(E) Never hy nj
Structure :let never+subject+be+v3
Active : Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let never a lie be told.
(F) Please/kindly hy active K passive Kivi wbqgStructure : please/kindly Gi cwieZ c_gB you are requested to em+ evwK Ask em
Active : Please come here early.
Passive: You are requested to come here early.
Active : Please do the work .
Passive: You are requested to do the work.
Active : Please dont quarrel.
Passive: You are requested not to quarrel.
Active : Please enter the class.
Passive: You are requested to enter the class.
(G) Sentence Gi c_g ev kl hw` adverb _vK Ze passive Kivi mgq ZvK sentence Gi kl iL
w`Z nq|
Active : Always speak the truth.
Passive: Let the truth be always spoken.
Active : Help him now.
Passive: Let him be helped now.

PREPARED BY: MD. MIRAJUL ISLAM/DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING/UNIVERSITY OF BARISAL

INTERRIGATIVE SENTENCE
(A) Auxiliary verb viv MwVZ njStructure: Auxiliary verb+ subject (hw` _vK)+ be/being/been(emZ cvi)+v3+by+object+?
Active : Is Lutfar playing the ball?
Passive: Is the ball being played by Lutfar?
Active : Have you eaten rice?
Passive: Has rice been eaten by you?
Active : Did you play football?
Passive: Was football played by you?
Active : Is he reading a book?
Passive: Is a book being read by him?
(B) Wh word (what,why,where,when,how,which,who,whom) viv MwVZ njStructure : Wh word evverb Gi c~e ch +auxiliary verb+subject(hw` _vK)+be/being/been(emZ
cvi)+v3+by+object+?
Active : What do you need?
Passive: What is needed by you?
Active : Which book do you want?
Passive: Which book is wanted by you?
Active : Why did the teacher punish you?
Passive: Why were you punished by the teacher?
Active : How have you solved the problem?
Passive: How has the problem been solved by you?
Active : Where did you see her?
Passive: Where was she seen by you?
we:`: Sentence Gi c_g Who _vKj passive voice G By whom Ges Whom _vKj Who neActive : Who broke the glass?
Active : Who taught you Bangla?
Active : Who is making a cake?
Active : Who is calling me?
Active : Who can save our country?
Active : Whom do you need?
Active : Whom did you call?
Active : Whom did you see?
Active : Whom do you want?

Passive: By whom was the glass broken?

Passive: By whom were you taught Bangla?
Passive: By whom is a cake being made?
Passive: By whom am I being called?
Passive: By whom can our country be saved?
Passive: Who is needed by you?
Passive: Who was called by you?
Passive: Who was seen by you?
Passive: Who is wanted by you?