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Substance
Lower limit
Upper limit
Unit
Glucose
50[3]
80[3]
mg/dL
Protein
15[3]
40[4]45[3]
mg/dL
RBCs
n/a[3]
0[3] / negative
cells/L
WBCs
0[3]
3[3]
cells/L
system
larger,
dilutes
the
concentration
of
CSF.[5]
contains
proteins,
or
approximately
approximately
15
0.3%
to
plasma
used.
40 mg/dL,
7.3 mmHg)
200 mmH20
There
in
are
newborns,
quantitative
and
<
differences
in
the
in
ventricular
CSF
compared
to
FUNGSI PROTEIN
Sebagai yang terentang di dalam membrane membentuk
jalur atau saluran berisi air yang menembus lipid lapisan
human body.
darah.
the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group
molekul-molekul
spesifik
di
lingkungan
sekitar
sel
pengikatan
ini
mencetus
serangkaian
kejadian
after
or
even
during
menbran plasma.
Shortly
archaeapyrrolysine.
to
undergo
large
rearrangements
from
one
pertumbuhan
yang
mengatur
shown
seperti
Like
other
biological
macromolecules
such
as
Protein
Proteins (also known as polypeptides) are organic
compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain
and folded into a globular form. The amino acids in a
polymer are joined together by the peptide bonds between
the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid
residues. The sequence of amino acids in a protein is
defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the
genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20
sequence of a protein.
Chemical synthesis
Short proteins can also be synthesized chemically by a
family of methods known as peptide synthesis, which rely
on organic synthesis techniques such as chemical ligation
to produce peptides in high yield.[15] Chemical synthesis
allows for the introduction of non-natural amino acids into
polypeptide chains, such as attachment of fluorescent
probes to amino acid side chains. These methods are
useful in laboratory biochemistry and cell biology, though
generally not for commercial applications. Chemical
synthesis is inefficient for polypeptides longer than about
300 amino acids, and the synthesized proteins may not
readily assume their native tertiary structure. Most chemical
synthesis methods proceed from C-terminus to N-terminus,
opposite the biological reaction.
Structure of proteins
Three possible representations of the three-dimensional
structure of the protein triose phosphate isomerase. Left:
Simplified
Solvent-accessible
amino
representation
acids,
surface
others
illustrating
the
representation
require
the
aid
backbone
colored
of
by
molecular
Structure determination
(an enzyme).
structure
of its complexes,
can provide
and
conformational
changes
due
to
in the protein.[26]
contrast,
are
difficult
to
crystallize
and
are
determined.
Cellular functions
weight
other
of
an
Escherichia
coli
cell,
whereas
Enzymes
Antibodies
is extraordinarily high.
can
be
secreted
into
the
extracellular
canonical
example
of
ligand-binding
protein
is
core
through
which
polar
or
charged
by contracting muscles.
Cause
The first animal to fall ill with the disease occurred in 1984
not related to BSE and has been known about since the
Konformasi dalam keadaan asli itu larut air dan ada dalam
material
is
not
destroyed
through
normal
cooking
terlipat.
Perubahan
konformasi
ini
melumpuhkan
Penyakit Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Penyebab
Penyakit ensefalopati spongiform menular ini disebabkan
usia 5565, namun kasus ini dapat terjadi pada orang yang
Gejala
koordinasi
(ataksia),
perubahan
gaya
tak
sadar
dan
munculnya
pelacakan
sCJD
(Creutzfeldt-Jakob
sporadik),
manusia
(hGH),
cangkoqan
kornea,
pada
Sering ada
Sering ada
Tak dilaporkan
Akumulasi
bervariasi
Tak
mudah
dideteksi
Tak dilaporkan
CJD varian
28tahun
13-14bulan
Gejala psikiatri/perilaku
mencolok; disestesias
nyeri;
Tanda neurologis yang
terlambat
Sering tiada
Sering tiada
Ada dalam >75% kasus
Akumulasi protein prion
resisten protease
yang mengancam
Mudah dideteksi
Akumulasi protein prion
resisten protease
yang mengancam
kalinya
pada
pasien (bentuk
sporadik:
sCJD).
Dalam
bentuk
herediter,
sebuah mutasi
terjadi
pada
tahun 1985.
ini yang dari jenis sapi. Sejauh ini, satu-satunya kasus yang