Ministry of Defence

Defence Standard 02-784

Issue 2 Publication Date 1 April 2002

Requirements for Safety Signs and Colours

Category 2

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
AMENDMENTS ISSUED SINCE PUBLICATION
AMD NO

DATE OF
ISSUE

TEXT AFFECTED

SIGNATURE &
DATE

Revision Note
This Issue of this Standard has been prepared to incorporate changes to text and presentation.
The technical content has been updated in line with current practice.
Historical Record
Def Stan 02-784/Issue 1
NES 784 Issue 4

1 April 2000

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

DEFENCE STANDARD 02-784

ISSUE 5 - NOVEMBER 2000

REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY SIGNS AND COLOURS

Published by:
Ministry of Defence
UK Defence Standardization
65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
SCOPE
1. This DEF STAN applies the policy of the Secretary of Defence through the Ship Safety
Board (SSB) to comply with the Health and Safety legislation where it applies for safety signs
and colours. When it does not apply or exemptions have been granted from specific
regulations it is Ship Safety Board policy to have Ship Safety Management Systems (SSMS)
which are as good as statutory requirements.
2. It is to be applied as required by any Ministry of Defence contract where safety signs are
specified and is applicable to:
a. Surface Ships, Submarines, RFAs and miscellaneous small auxiliaries;
b. Ship Systems and Equipment and Weapon Systems and Equipment.
Shore establishments are to follow Statutory Instrument (SI) 1996 No 341 in its
entirety.
3. Accordingly, as an example of best practice, the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and
Signals) Regulations 1996 and relevant declarations under IMO SOLAS treaties are to be
applied to Surface Ships, Submarines, RFAs and miscellaneous small auxiliaries and this Def
Stan details or provides reference to approved permanent safety signs, pictograms,
supplementary signs, colours and methods of marking to be used.
4. It refers to many of the hazards that can be met in a ship environment and states
requirements for marking equipment and structures where considered necessary for health and
safety purposes.
5. It does not provide information on temporary health and safety signs required during the
build or refits of ships or equipment. Such signs are the responsibility of the shipbuilder or
ship repairer.
6. It does not provide information regarding the marking or the packaging of any material
including ammunition or of the ammunition itself.
7. This Def Stan enforces the requirements of the various Regulations. The Def Stan also
highlights specific instances of its use, but the instances quoted do not necessarily constitute
the full requirement.
FOREWORD
Sponsorship
8. This Defence Standard (Def Stan) is sponsored by the Defence Procurement Agency,
Ministry of Defence, Sea Technology Group_ Safety & ARM (STG_SA).
9. If it is found to be technically unsuitable for any particular requirement the Sponsor is to
be informed in writing of the circumstances.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
a. Any user of this Def Stan either within MOD or in outside industry may propose an
amendment to it. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a
particular contract are to be made to DStan, those directly applicable to a particular
contract are to be dealt with using contract procedures.
10. If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement, MOD is to be informed in
writing of the circumstances.
11. No alteration is to be made to this Def Stan except by the issue of an authorized
amendment.
12. Unless otherwise stated, reference in this Def Stan to approval, approved, authorized or
similar terms, means by the MOD in writing.
13. Any significant amendments that may be made to this Def Stan at a later date will be
indicated by a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the
line interval.
14. Extracts from British Standards within this Def Stan have been included with the
permission of the British Standards Institution.
15. This Def Stan has been updated to include all amendments raised since the last issue and
to incorporate minor changes to text as found necessary.
Conditions of Release
General
16. This Def Stan has been devised solely for the use of the MOD and its contractors in the
execution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD hereby
excludes all liability and howsoever arising (including but without limitation, liability
resulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the Def Stan is used
for any other purpose.
17. This document is Crown Copyright and the information therein may be subject to Crown
or third party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written
permission of the MOD.
18. The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this Def Stan without
consulting or informing any holder.
MoD Tender or Contract Process
19. This Def Stan is the property of the Crown. Unless otherwise authorized in writing by
the MOD it must be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, in
connection with which it is issued.

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Issue 5
20. When this Def Stan is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to
ensure that they are in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including
related documents, relevant to each particular or contract. Enquiries in this connection may be
made to the authority named in the tender or contract.
Categories of Def Stan
21. The Category of this Def Stan has been determined using the following criteria:
Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following:
Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.
Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.
Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following:
Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties.
Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.
Through life costs and support.
Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following:
MoD best practice and fleet commonality.
Corporate experience and knowledge.
Current support practice.
Related Documents
22. In the tender and procurement process documents can be obtained as follows:
British Standards

British Standards Institution,

389 Chiswick High Road,
London W4 4AL.

Defence Standards

Directorate of Standardization, Stan 1,

Kentigern House,
65 Brown Street,
Glasgow G2 8EX.

Other documents

Tender or Contract sponsor to advise.

23. All applications to Ministry establishments for related documents are to quote the
relevant MOD Invitation to Tender or Contract number and date, together with the sponsoring
Directorate and the Tender or Contract Sponsor.
Health & Safety
Warning
24. This Def Stan may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures that are
injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability
and in no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligations relating to
health and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards,
those quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.
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Additional Information
25. The general requirements for format and signs are to be taken from this Def Stan. For
individual hazards, the requirements are to be obtained from the specific Def Stan referring to
the Equipment or System concerned. Where it is suspected that an equipment Def Stan may
be out of date, the individual Def Stan sponsor or the sponsor of this Def Stan is to be
contacted for further guidance.
Safety Sign Policy

26. The following is part of the Foreword in JSP 430 by the Secretary of State for Defence:
a. As stated in my Health and Policy Statement dated February 1996 I require that where
the MOD has been granted exemption from the specific regulations, health and safety
standards and arrangements will be, as far as is reasonably practicable, at least as good
as those required by statute. I have also directed the Second Permanent Under
Secretary of State to notify me where further means are necessary to meet legislative
or other requirements.
b. To assure the safety of MOD shipping activities the Ship Safety Board (SSB) has been
established and a Ship Safety Management System (SSMS) has been introduced. The
SSMS, which covers all MOD owned and operated vessels including ships under
commercial management or on charter to perform MOD business world-wide, aims to
reduce the levels of risk of accident death or injury to the crew or other parties and
damage to the environment to as low as reasonably practicable.
27. JSP 430 describes in detail the methodology of the SSMS and how hazards should be
dealt with.
a. JSP 430 provides a list of key hazards and describes how hazards in general are to
be controlled in order of priority as follows:
1) removal of the hazard;
2) substitution of the hazard (to minimise risk by use of alternative
substances/procedures);
3) mitigation/control of the hazard (e.g. the use of physical protective
measures such as interlocks or guards);
4) provision of personal protective equipment or additional operator training;
5) provision of safety signs to warn of the hazard.
b. Safety signs are only to be used when all other controls have been considered but
the hazard remains.

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CONTENTS
SCOPE................................................................................................................................................... 2
FOREWORD......................................................................................................................................... 2
Sponsorship ........................................................................................................................................... 2
Conditions of Release............................................................................................................................ 3
Categories of Def Stan........................................................................................................................... 4
Related Documents................................................................................................................................ 4
Health & Safety ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Additional Information .......................................................................................................................... 5
CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................................... 6
SECTION

1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION ....................................................................... 9

SECTION

2. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS................................................ 9
2.1 Definitions ............................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Concept of Safety Signs......................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Provision and Maintenance of Signs....................................................... 11
2.2.2 Types of Signs......................................................................................... 11
2.2.3 General Considerations ........................................................................... 13
2.2.4 Choice of Materials and Siting................................................................ 13
2.2.5 Preferred Sizes ........................................................................................ 13
2.2.6 Indication of Safety Colour ..................................................................... 14

SECTION

3. MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS ..................................................... 15

3.1 Hazards Which May Be Met ................................................................................. 15
3.1.1 Hazardous Stores..................................................................................... 16
3.1.2 Accident Prevention ................................................................................ 16
3.1.3 Choice of Sign Materials, Sizes and Siting............................................. 17
3.1.4 Procurement and Codification................................................................. 17
3.1.5 Indication of Safety Colour ..................................................................... 17
3.1.6 Permissible Colours and Paints............................................................... 17
3.1.7 Temporary Hazards ................................................................................. 18

SECTION

4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE............................................................. 18
4.1 Safety Signs Used On Equipment.......................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Voltage Warning ..................................................................................... 19

Plates

4.1.2 Electro-magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Filter Warning Marker

19

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Issue 5
4.1.3 Implosion of Cathode Ray Tubes............................................................ 19
4.1.4 Non-Ionising Radiation Hazards............................................................. 19
4.1.5 Ionising Radiation Hazards ..................................................................... 20
4.1.6 Toxicity Hazards ..................................................................................... 20
4.1.7 Rotating Machinery................................................................................. 20
4.1.8 Equipment Hazardous by Virtue of Movement ...................................... 20
4.1.9 Galley Equipment.................................................................................... 21
4.1.10 Workshop Equipment ........................................................................... 21
4.1.11 Fixed Fire Fighting Equipment ............................................................. 21
4.1.12 Laser Products ....................................................................................... 21
4.1.13 Aircraft and Guided Weapon Systems .................................................. 22
4.1.14 Lifting Equipment ................................................................................. 22
4.1.15 Essential Services.................................................................................. 22
4.1.16 Anti-condensation Heaters .................................................................... 22
4.1.17 High Magnetic Field Warning Marker Plates ....................................... 22
4.1.18 Earth Marker Plates............................................................................... 22
4.1.19 Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD) .................................................. 23
4.1.20 Life Saving Appliances ......................................................................... 23
4.2 Safety Signs On Structures .................................................................................... 23
4.2.1 Moving or Rotating Masses, RADHAZ and Efflux Danger Areas......... 24
4.2.2 Mobile Masses ........................................................................................ 24
4.2.3 Non-Ionising Radiation Hazards............................................................. 13
4.2.4 Laser Radiation ....................................................................................... 13
4.2.5 NBCD...................................................................................................... 26
4.2.6 Emergency Escape Routes ...................................................................... 27
4.2.7 Oxygen Candle Locker/Store - Submarines ............................................ 28
4.2.8 Fire Safety Signs ..................................................................................... 15
4.2.9 Compartments Containing Dangerous Substances ................................. 15
4.2.10 Magazines - Surface Ships .................................................................... 16
4.2.11 Magazines - Submarines ....................................................................... 16
4.2.12 Gun Mountings and Launchers ............................................................. 29
4.2.13 No Smoking .......................................................................................... 16
4.2.14 Battery Charging ................................................................................... 16
4.2.15 Noisy Compartments or Areas .............................................................. 17

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Issue 5
4.2.16 Workshops ............................................................................................ 30
4.2.17 Galleys................................................................................................... 30
4.2.18 Cold and Cool Rooms ........................................................................... 30
4.2.19 Special Handling Area .......................................................................... 30
4.2.20 Pipe Identification ................................................................................. 30
SECTION

5. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE ................................................. 30

5.1 General................................................................................................................... 17
5.2 Requirements for Safety Signs .............................................................................. 18
5.2.1 Procedures For Identification Of A Hazard ............................................ 18
5.2.2 Positioning of Safety Signs ..................................................................... 18
5.2.3 Overuse of Safety Signs .......................................................................... 19
5.3 Implementation of Safety Signs............................................................................. 20

ANNEX A - Related Documents......................................................................................................... 23

ANNEX B - Abbreviations and Definitions........................................................................................ 26
ANNEX C - Procurement Check List ................................................................................................. 27
ANNEX D - Acceptable Paints for Safety Signs................................................................................. 29
ANNEX E - Safety Signs .................................................................................................................... 29
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.................................................................................................................. 53

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Issue 5
1.

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
Related Documents: JSP 430

2.

a.

Safety signs must be clear, legible and unambiguous in their content in all
conditions.

b.

Safety signs must be large enough to view from the maximum distance at
which the hazard exists.

c.

Safety signs should only be used where it can be proved that it is not
reasonably practical to remove the hazard by another means (see JSP 430).

d.

Safety signs must also be used to highlight any hazards with residual risk after
appropriate mitigation to as low as reasonably practical.

NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS
Related Documents: BS 5378, BS 5499, DEF STAN 05-34, SI No 341, JSP 430, L64IMO SOLAS

2.1

Definitions
a.

The following definitions are contained in Statutory Instrument No. 341/1996

and are repeated for convenience:
Emergency Escape or First
Aid Sign

A sign giving information on escape routes or

emergency exits or first aid or rescue facilities.

Illuminated Sign

A sign produced by a device made of transparent or

translucent materials which are illuminated from the
inside or the rear in such a way as to give the
appearance of a luminous surface.

Mandatory Sign

A sign prescribing behaviour.

Prohibition Sign

A sign prohibiting behaviour likely to cause a risk to

health or safety.

Safety Colour

A colour to which a meaning is assigned.

Safety Sign

A sign referring to a specific object, activity or situation

and providing information or instructions about health
or safety at work by means of a signboard, a safety
colour, an illuminated sign, an acoustic signal, a verbal
communication or a hand signal.

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Issue 5

b.

2.2

Signboard

A sign which provides information or instructions by a

combination of geometric shape, colour and a symbol
or pictogram and which is rendered visible by lighting
of sufficient intensity.

Symbol or Pictogram

A sign which describes a situation or prescribes

behaviour and which is used on a signboard or
illuminated surface.

Warning Sign

A sign giving a warning of a risk to health or safety.

Fire Safety Sign

A sign (including an illuminated sign or an acoustic

signal) which:
a. provides information on escape routes and
emergency exits in case of fire;
b. provides information on the identification or
location of fire-fighting equipment; or
c. gives warning in case of fire.

The following useful definitions are contained in L64 and are repeated for
convenience:
Safe Condition Sign

A safety sign that provides information about safe

conditions.

Supplementary Sign

A sign with text only that may be used in conjunction

with a safety sign in order to provide additional
information.

Concept of Safety Signs

a.

Notwithstanding the exclusion contained in the SI No.341 regarding vessels,

(DEF STAN 05-34 Section E refers) Safety Signs employed on ships are to be
aligned with those enforceable ashore to assist persons in recognising similar
signs when moving between shore establishments and ship.

b.

If existing signs are proven to comply with BS 5378 (or in the case of fire
safety signs with BS 5499) SI No. 341 does not require any change to those
signs.

c.

The IMO SOLAS requirements encompass the requirements for safety signs
onboard Merchant cargo and passenger vessels. Where these requirements are
more indicative of safety at sea they have been included. However when
considering a hazard, and having established that a safety sign is required, the
IMO regulations should be consulted to ensure that the appropriate details are
included in the hazard warning selected.

d.

Safety signs must only be used when it is impracticable to design-out the

hazard.

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e.

2.2.1

2.2.2

Overuse of safety signs must be avoided. Sign blindness can be caused if too
many signs are used in the same area to describe one or more hazards. (see
section 2.2.3.d).

Provision and Maintenance of Signs

a.

SI No. 341 requires that safety signs are provided (or are in place) and
maintained in circumstances where risks to health and safety have not been
avoided by other means, e.g. engineering controls or safe systems of work.

b.

JSP 430 requires that provision of a sign to reduce a risk to as low as

reasonably practicable (ALARP) can only be taken after other forms of
mitigation have been discounted.

c.

Signs are to be maintained to ensure that they are clearly visible and that they
warn of the hazard effectively in all levels of lighting from the maximum
distance at which the hazard exists.

Types of Signs
a.

There are five types of signs, together with a supplementary sign, which use
standard colours and shapes appropriate to purpose, i.e. prohibition, warning,
mandatory, emergency escape or first aid and fire fighting. Supplementary
signs must only be used in conjunction with safety signs. Danger identification
may also be achieved solely by colour or a combination of colours.

b.

The intrinsic features of the types of signs, general examples of use and
permitted colours are described in Part II of SI No. 341. The basic details are:

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Prohibitory:
a. round shape
b. black pictogram on a white
background, red edging and diagonal
line (the red part to take up at least
35% of the area of the sign)
Warning:
a. triangular shape
b. black pictogram on a yellow
background, black edging (the yellow
part to take up at least 50% of the
area of the sign)
Mandatory:
a. round shape
b. white pictogram on a blue
background (the blue part to take up
at least 50% of the area of the sign)

Emergency Escape, Lifesaving or First Aid:

a. rectangular or square shape
b. white pictogram on a green
background (the green part to take up
at least 50% of the area of the sign)

Magazine and Fire Safety:

a. rectangular or square shape
b. white pictogram on a red background
(the red part to take up at least 50%
of the area of the sign)
Supplementary:
a. rectangular or square shape
b. text colour to be the same as the colour of the pictogram on a background
of the same colour as the safety sign (see L64)
Note - a supplementary sign can only be used in conjunction with the safety sign and
it must be part of or immediately adjacent to the pictogram.
2.2.3

General Considerations
a.

Safety information is to be conveyed using signs containing simple pictograms

and containing only essential details. The signs may be supplemented with

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Issue 5
text to aid understanding (see L64). However the use of text should be
minimised, this should be borne in mind especially where there is an export
sales potential.

2.2.4

2.2.5

b.

Where no appropriate pictogram exists, then the use of a general sign as

depicted in Annex E, together with text on a supplementary sign is to be
considered. The safety sign and supplementary sign may be combined on one
marker plate. If a new pictogram is considered necessary where no appropriate
pictogram exists then the proposed new pictogram is to be referred to the
sponsor to obtain general concurrence and codification as necessary prior to
inclusion in this Def Stan.

c.

The wording of signs is to be consistent with purpose, e.g. do not is not to be

used on a warning sign but reserved exclusively for a prohibition sign. No
information other than safety is to be included on a safety sign. Every attempt
must be made to ensure that signs are clear, concise and unambiguous as to
their intent.

d.

Care must be taken to avoid too many signs in close proximity, i.e. sign
blindness. Signs are only effective if they can be seen and understood.
Therefore if several signs are required (at a single location) consideration must
be given to combining the signs into a multi-purpose sign.

Choice of Materials and Siting

a.

The material choice for safety signs must be considered to ensure that it is a
safe material for the environment. For example, some plastics when melting
or on fire will release toxic fumes and should not be used in closed
environments, e.g. BR1326A for submarines or a NBCD citadel environment
on a surface ship.

b.

For equipment, the safety sign is to be attached to the last major barrier or
cover to be removed before the hazard is exposed, or adjacent to the nameplate
if the item has no cover. Exceptionally there may be a requirement to secure a
sign within the equipment under the last cover. EPMs within the appropriate
IPT are to determine the form of such signage, within their safety cases

Preferred Sizes
a.

2.2.6

SI No. 341 does not give any specific details on the size of safety signs and
lettering, except that they can be clearly seen and the hazard identified.
Appropriate guidance is given in Section 5.

Indication of Safety Colour

a.

Where a safety sign is to be used the type of sign shall be identified e.g.
prohibition, mandatory etc., and the appropriate colours as described in section
2.2.2 are to be used.

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b.

In certain instances, e.g. indication of the perimeter of danger areas, the degree
of safety may be indicated by painting a strip of the appropriate colour or
colours with or without using a pictogram or notice, for example a plain
yellow line represents RADHAZ hazards whilst a yellow and black line
represents the hazards created by moving objects.

c.

Red is used to indicate certain shutdown devices and fire-fighting equipment.

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3.

MILITARY STANDARDS/REQUIREMENTS
Related Documents: SI No 341, JSP 430, JSP(F) 395, Def Stan 02-119, Def Stan 02705, Def Stan 02-723

3.1

Hazards Which May Be Met

a.

This section is intended as a guide to designers of ships and equipment fitted

in ships regarding likely hazards that may be encountered. The reader should
be familiar with the contents of JSP 430 and this document should be referred
to for more information on policy and guidance. Signs are to be used as
appropriate mitigation to hazards identified as part of the SSMS.

b.

Hazards will be identified from a risk assessment conducted by the WPM or

EPM. A general prompt list of some potential hazards which may be met in a
ship environment and which may require attention to be brought to them by a
sign are listed below, but not necessarily in order of importance:
1) fire and explosion (incl. magazine safety features);
2) toxic and corrosive effects;
3) radiation effects, ionising and non-ionising, (including ultra-violet and
infra-red, from lasers and similar equipment, and radio frequency);
4) electric shock;
5) pressurised gases and fluids;
6) movement or rotation of large masses;
7) obstructions, dangerous deck configurations, hazardous weather deck areas
in bad weather;
8) noise and vibration;
9) inhalation hazards;
10) dust;
11) high and low temperature;
12) handling and lifting of heavy items.

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c.
Some examples where signs may be of use to indicate an action is required to mitigate
against
a potential hazard are given in the non-exhaustive list below:
1) items of equipment which may rotate or move (often without warning):
i) gun mountings and directors, launchers, hoists, cranes, davits, lifts,
rotating aerials and trackers (see section 4.1.8);
ii) fork lift and other trucks, aircraft operational areas (see section 4.2.2);
2) galleys, workshops, maintenance areas, laundries containing various types
of machinery (see appropriate sub-sections of 4.1 and 4.2);
3) compartments or areas containing hazardous equipment, services or
substances, e.g. ammunition, flammable substances such as paint and oils
(see section 4.2.9);
4) equipment which contains a hazard within it, dangerous voltages,
dangerous substances, ionising and non-ionising radiation, acoustic
radiation or vibration, and lasers (see appropriate sub-sections of 4.1 and
4.2);
5) dangerous obstructions such as valves, hand wheels or levers;
6) exposed walkways in rough weather;
7) hazardous deck areas such as unguarded accesses through decks;
8) piping and equipment containing high pressure air, fluid or gases.
3.1.1

Hazardous Stores
a.

3.1.2

Details of stores which are listed as hazardous are included in JSP(F)

395/HSIS.

Accident Prevention
a.

In order to minimise danger concerning the above (and other) hazards,

accident prevention measures should be considered as part of the SSMS under
JSP 430 and the vessels Safety Case. Due consideration should also be given
to specific guidance within BR9147 and BR2000(20) and within the ships
standing orders and supporting Ships Safety Log. This Def Stan is concerned
only with the safety instructions which may be required as part of these
accident prevention measures.

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3.1.3

3.1.4

3.1.5

3.1.6

Choice of Sign Materials, Sizes and Siting

a.

In general the same considerations regarding choice of material, e.g. metal or

non-toxic plastics, sizes and siting are to be applied as those required for
marker plates for other purposes (see Def Stan 02-723) unless stated otherwise
in this Def Stan. Only non-toxic plastics should be used in a closed
environment
(see
Def
Stan
02-705,
BR1326A).

b.

Typically signs are available as adhesive vinyl, rigid plastics, trafolite and
plastic tapes.

Procurement and Codification

a.

The Commodity Manager is LE434C1. He is responsible for the procurement

of new safety signs. LE434E is the Technical Sponsor and will facilitate
NATO codification of any signs within the Signs Register. Details of known
codified items are included in this Def Stan at Annexes E and F.

b.

All classes of warship should hold a Safety Signs Register to record all fitted
signs and their locations. Where a new hazard area has been identified and all
appropriate mitigation has been exhausted, in accordance with section 5.2,
then a new sign should be invoiced from Annex E. Where an appropriate sign
does not exist, this should be raised with the sponsor of this Def Stan.

c.

If there is any doubt about the validity of signs for any system or equipment
the equipment sponsor should be consulted.

Indication of Safety Colour

a.

The colour of safety signs is prescribed in paragraph 2.2.2 and is to be in

accordance with SI No. 341. Where bands of colour are used to indicate safety
or when signs are to be painted directly on the deck or bulkhead the paints
listed in Annex D are to be used.

b.

Safety colour requirements for damage control and fire protection are given in
Def Stan 02-119.

Permissible Colours and Paints

a.

For manufactured signs, i.e. those not painted directly on the ships structure,
colours are to be in accordance with SI No. 341.

b.

The use of photoluminescent materials within safety signs is to be restricted to

within the darken ship boundary to avoid any unwanted visual signatures, see
BR2170(1) for more information on the darken ship boundary.

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Issue 5
3.1.7

Temporary Hazards
a.

Numerous temporary hazards exist on board ships. Free standing safety signs
should be available for all ships, consisting of easily stowable frames and a
folder of different safety signs which can be hooked onto, or placed within,
these frames. Some examples of the types of safety signs required to be held
are:
1) DANGER;
2) Wet Paint;
3) DANGER Arc Welding;
4) CAUTION Wet Floor;
5) CAUTION Cleaning In Progress;
6) CAUTION Dangerous Chemicals In Use;
7) Wear Hard Hat;
8) No Smoking;
9) First Aid;
10) Direction Arrows;
11) Trip Hazard;
12) No Entry; / No Unauthorised Persons Beyond this Point.
Note: These hazards are to be identified using the appropriate pictogram.

b.

4.

Where other hazards are found to be applicable to a specific vessel these signs
are to be included in their Temporary sign folder.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS/GUIDANCE
Related Documents: BS EN 100015-1, BS EN 60825, DEF STAN 05-18, DEF STAN
05-34, SI No. 341, JSP 390, JSP(F) 395, Def Stan 02-101, Def Stan 02-111, Def Stan
02-119 Part 1, Def Stan 02-121, Def Stan 02-183, Def Stan 02-501, Def Stan 02-813,
Def Stan 02-832, Def Stan 21-34, BR 241, BR 862, BR 1754, BR 2000(20), BR 2170,
BR 2924, BR 3027, IMO SOLAS.

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Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.1

Safety Signs Used On Equipment

4.1.1

Voltage Warning

4.1.2

a.

Voltage Warning or electrical hazard signs are to be fitted in accordance with

Def Stan 02-501 where there is an unacceptable risk of electrocution. The
signs are to indicate the magnitude of the voltage and whether AC or DC.

b.

NOTE: In certain applications it is necessary to fix a sign on live parts or

casing under the last cover, e.g. voltage on heat sinks.

Electro-magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Filter Warning Marker Plates

a.

4.1.3

Implosion of Cathode Ray Tubes

a.

4.1.4

EMC Filter Warning signs are to be fitted in accordance with Def Stan 02-501
where there is an unacceptable risk from non-ionising radiation.

Where permission has been received to use a Cathode Ray Tube which is not
intrinsically safe, e.g. COTS, it is to be fitted with a protective screen. Where
the screen is removable, a General Warning sign (see Annex E) with the
supplementary text DANGER OF IMPLOSION is to be fitted adjacent
requiring the screen to be in position before the equipment is switched on.

Non-Ionising Radiation Hazards

a.

Non-ionising Radiation Hazards are to have warning signs fitted in accordance

with DEF STAN 05-34 where identified in first of Class RADHAZ trials and
on ships RADHAZ drawings in accordance with Def Stan 21-34. Hazardous
transmissions are to be warned against using a Non-Ionising Radiation
Warning sign (see Annex E).

b.

Keyed locking devices, used for safety during radio frequency energy
transmission, are to be fitted with a General Warning sign (see Annex E) with
the supplementary text "SAFE TO TRANSMIT", sited adjacent to the locking
device.

19

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.1.5

Ionising Radiation Hazards

a.

4.1.6

Toxicity Hazards
a.

4.1.7

4.1.9

Where a toxic hazard exists a Toxic Material Warning sign (see Annex E) is to
be used together with a supplementary sign to indicate details of the chemical
which constitutes the hazard, e.g. Beryllium Oxide(BeO), Thallium(TI),
Cadmium(Cd). JSP(F) 395/HSIS provides further details for hazardous stores.

Rotating Machinery
a.

4.1.8

All items of equipment embodying a source of ionising radiation are to have

Warning signs fitted in accordance with Def Stan 02-501, i.e. that which is
produced by machines designed for its production (e.g. x-ray generators),
machines which accelerate charged particles (e.g. Cathode ray tubes,
Magnetrons), or that which is emitted by radioactive substances. Where a
radio isotope is used its type and the level of activity are to be stated on the
marker plate.

Where removable covers or protective guards of machines allow controlled

access to rotating parts, a General Warning sign (see Annex E) with the
supplementary text ROTATING MACHINERY is to be provided. BR
2000(20) provides further details of safety considerations.

Equipment Hazardous by Virtue of Movement

a.

Where equipment may move or rotate, with or without prior warning; e.g.
training arcs for guns, launchers, directors, hoists, cranes, lifts and industrial
trucks; distinctive yellow and black bands are to be marked. Where possible,
proprietary tape is to be used for this purpose. If such tape is not available,
then it is acceptable to paint directly onto the appropriate surface. The marking
is to be placed in a prominent position and sited such that it can be seen from
any approach angle at a distance of 10m. See section 4.2.1 for complementary
warnings on structures. Where several items of equipment cover a large area
of deck, consideration should be given to the areas to be marked to avoid
excessive use of the marker bands.

b.

Photoluminescent materials must not be used to identify this hazard as they

may compromise the visual signature of the ship. (See BR 2170(1)).

c.

Keyed locking devices, used for safety during powered motion, are to be fitted
with a General Warning sign (see Annex E) with the supplementary text
SAFE TO ROTATE OR OPERATE, adjacent to the locking device.

Galley Equipment
a.

Signs and colouring requirements are to be in accordance with Def Stan 02121.
20

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.1.10 Workshop Equipment
a.

Guards shielding dangerous components on machines are to carry the

appropriate Mandatory Guard signs.

b.

All fixed machines such as grinders, drilling machines, lathes etc., are to carry
an Eye Protection Must Be Worn Mandatory sign (see Annex E).

c.

All machines fitted with Emergency Stop arrangements are to carry an

Emergency Stop Push Button Safety sign (see Annex E).

4.1.11 Fixed Fire Fighting Equipment

a.

These stowages are to be painted red with the appropriate pictogram and text
(where applicable) in white in accordance with Def Stan 02-119.

b.

If, for any reason, fire-fighting equipment is placed in a position hidden from
direct view, its location is to be indicated using appropriate directional arrows
together with the appropriate fire-fighting equipment sign.

c.

Any spaces protected by CO2 or Halon Drenching systems are to be marked at

all doors and hatches with the appropriate sign.
NOTE: Portable Fire Extinguishers and Mobile Extinguishers must be
identified by using a specific colour for the equipment and content in
accordance with Def Stan 02-119.

4.1.12 Laser Products

a.

Laser products or systems are to be provided with marker plates in accordance

with JSP 390 (and BS EN 60825). This calls for a Laser Beam Warning sign
(see Annex E) to be fitted and a Supplementary sign detailing the laser
classification and radiation output information.

21

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.1.13 Aircraft and Guided Weapon Systems
a.

Pictogram markings of Safety/Hazard points on embarked Aircraft, Ground

Support Equipment and Guided Weapon Systems are to be in accordance with
DEF STAN 05-18.

4.1.14 Lifting Equipment

a.

All lifting equipment is to be tallied or marked with the 'Safe Working Load
(SWL) of the complete assembly as required by BR 3027 and Def Stan 02501.

4.1.15 Essential Services

a.

Where damage to plant or inadvertent shut-down of essential services could

occur, a General Warning sign (see Annex E) is to be fitted adjacent to the
relevant controls, as required by Def Stan 02-501.

4.1.16 Anti-condensation Heaters

a.

When anti-condensation heaters are fitted to equipment a General Warning

sign (see Annex E) is to be provided with a supplementary sign stating
"CONDITIONING CIRCUIT LIVE WHEN EQUIPMENT OFF" as required
by Def Stan 02-501.

4.1.17 High Magnetic Field Warning Marker Plates

a.

Strong Magnetic Field Warning signs (see Annex E) are to be fitted to

identify equipments which generate abnormally high magnetic fields in their
vicinity as required by Def Stan 02-501.

4.1.18 Earth Marker Plates

a.

Where the necessary space permits, a marker plate marked "EARTH" is to be

fitted adjacent to the equipment earthing terminal. This is for the purpose of
drawing the attention of the installer to the necessity for earthing the
equipment, and for facilitating subsequent periodic inspection for earth
integrity. Where there is insufficient space for a marker plate, an "earth"
pictogram is to be indelibly marked.

22

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.1.19 Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (ESD)
a.

An ESD Warning sign (see Annex E), with the supplementary text indicated in
BS EN 100015-1, is to be displayed on equipment containing ESDs, drawing
attention to the precautions to be observed in handling these items.

4.1.20 Life Saving Appliances

4.2

a.

The positions of, or containers holding, Life Saving Appliances such as

lifeboats, lifebuoys, lifejackets, immersion suits etc., should be marked with an
appropriate safety sign (see Annex E).

b.

Consideration should be given to fitting retro-reflective materials on certain

life saving appliances to assist in identification of persons in the water in case
of an emergency in accordance with IMO Resolution 658. When examining
this option the impact on the stealth capabilities of the ship should be
carefully reviewed, for warships. Particular consideration must be given to the
applicability for GOGO vessels including RFAs and former RMAS vessels.

Safety Signs On Structures

a.

This Section reviews typical instances where signs are required. In order to
present a comprehensive summary of the requirement and at the same time
avoid unnecessary duplication, reference only is made to appropriate
documents.

b.

Safety signs on structures are to be sited on doors, bulkheads and decks, as

required, and of a size and in a position dictated by normal viewing distances.
Proprietary signs, as indicated in Annexes E and F, should be used wherever
possible, but where necessary they may be painted on, using transfer
techniques and the colours listed in Annex D.

c.

Photoluminescent materials are only to be used internally to the ship i.e. they
are not to be used outside of the darken ship boundary. Prior to safety signs
being placed on external structure their effect on the ships night time visual
signatures should be considered. For more information refer to BR2170 (1).

d.

Signs may be required on structures as an alternative to, or in addition to, those

used on equipment at the discretion of the Health and Safety Officer.

23

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.2.1

Moving or Rotating Masses, RADHAZ and Efflux Danger Areas

a.

4.2.2

Mobile Masses
a.

4.2.3

A safe zone will be marked around moving objects, e.g. guns and cranes, using
a continuous yellow and black line 75mm wide (see section 4.1.8). A risk of
collision with a static bulkhead is to be marked using yellow line with black
hatching 75mm wide and with the black hatching at 45 in equal proportions.
RADHAZ and Efflux danger areas are to be similarly marked, reference being
made to Ships drawings for details. Where applicable, areas are to be marked
with appropriate signs at their access points, e.g. access ladders to guns.

Where danger may be encountered due to moving trucks, aircraft, or helicopter

operations which cannot adequately be covered by design, guards, drill orders
or standing orders, a suitable Warning sign is to be sited in access spaces to
dangerous areas. For example, for trucks, the Warning sign for Industrial
Vehicles, is to be used, and for helicopters and aircraft the General warning
sign (see Annex E) with an appropriate Supplementary sign is to be used.

Non-Ionising Radiation Hazards

a.

Safety signs and, where appropriate, complementary deck markings are to be

provided to warn of the hazards likely to arise from various ship-board
transmitting equipment in accordance with BR 2924 Chapter 7. The signs to
be used to include that shown in DEF STAN 05-34, Section E, Appendix A.
The deck marking is to be a simple yellow line 75 mm wide without internal
hatching, but with triangles pointing towards the radiation source, as shown in
Figure 4.1. RADHAZ warning signs are available which conform to DEF
STAN 05-34 (Annex B). Where applicable, access to shipboard transmitting
equipment should be marked with the correct signs.

75
mm

100mm
75
mm

24

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Figure 4.1

4.2.4

Dimensions and design of deck marking to denote No Loiter zone

Laser Radiation
a.

Laser radiation is coherent electromagnetic radiation of wavelength between

0.2 and 340 P7KLVEDQGLQFOXGHVWKHYLVLEOHZDYHOHQJWKVDVZHOODVSDUWRI
those of ultra-violet and infra-red radiation. A laser hazard area is to be
identified to meet the requirements of JSP 390 by approved warning signs
constructed in accordance with DEF STAN 05-34, Section E, Appendix A. BR
2924 also provides guidance.

25

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.2.5

NBCD
a.

Def Stan 02-119 (Part 1) and BR 2170 provides detailed information on

NBCD markings. Safety marking requirements can be briefly summarised as
follows:
1.

First Aid Post

First Aid Equipment

White Cross on Green background with

Supplementary text as required. A green
direction arrow should be used, where
necessary, to indicate position or direction.
Red Cross on White background with
Supplementary text as required. This sign to be
used when equipment may form part of shoreside disaster relief / First Aid parties ashore

NBCD Cleansing
Post

Orange to mark post with orange arrow where

needed

Escape Markings

In general, Escape signs are to be

photoluminescent and to comprise the Escape
pictogram depicted in Annex E together with
the word ESCAPE and a directional arrow.

Escape Hatches and

Scuttles

In general, Escape signs are to be

photoluminescent and to comprise the Escape
pictogram depicted in Annex E together with
the word ESCAPE and a directional arrow. The
siting of the signs must be given careful
consideration.

3.

Escape Breathing
Apparatus (ELSA)

Container to be painted green and marked

ESCAPE BA in photoluminescent white on
green background.

4.

Fire Fighting
Breathing Apparatus

Locker to be painted red and marked EDBA

(Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus) or
BASCCA (DC & F/F) (Breathing Apparatus
Self Contained Compressed Air (Damage
Control and Fire Fighting)) in photoluminescent
white.
Note: BASCCA is being superseded.

5.

Ionising Radiation
Warning Markings

2.

Pictogram to be used is to be in accordance

with section 4.2.9. To be marked on cupboards
containing radio-active sources and each door
or hatch giving access to the compartment in
which the cupboards are sited.
26

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.2.6

4.2.7

Emergency Escape Routes

a.

Emergency Escape signs should be located above doors or hatches in order

that they can be seen at all times. They should be limited to either a sign
containing a vertical arrow indicating that the escape route continues through
the door or to an escape pictogram indicating that this is the final exit.

b.

Primary Escape routes should use the running man pictogram with an
appropriately positioned directional arrow. Secondary escape routes should
use a similar pictogram but should be marked FOR EMERGENCY USE
ONLY.

c.

All submarine escape equipment must be marked with a photoluminescent

sign of a red cross on a white background in accordance with BR 241.

d.

No photoluminescent escape signs are to be used on exposed decks or

bulkheads as they may compromise the night time visual signatures of the
ship.

Oxygen Candle Locker/Store - Submarines

a.

4.2.8

4.2.9

A General Warning sign (see Annex E) together with Supplementary text is to

be secured to the outside of each stowage. The wording on the supplementary
sign is to be "OXYGEN CANDLE LOCKER" or "OXYGEN CANDLE
STORE", as appropriate.

Fire Safety Signs

a.

Fire Safety signs for Exit and Escape Routes, Fire alarms and Extinguishers,
No Smoking Areas, and areas where there is a Risk of Fire and/or Explosion,
are to be in accordance with Def Stan 02-119.

b.

For ships regularly transporting civilian passengers or those under commercial

classification rules consideration should be given to the use of IMO Fire
Control Plans, see Resolution 654.

Compartments Containing Dangerous Substances

a.

Compartments containing dangerous substances are to exhibit clear marking at

the point of entry. Examples of this requirement are as follows:
1) Ionising radiation. The Radioactive Material Warning sign (see Annex E)
to be fitted where required.
2) Toxic, Flammable substances. BR 1754 and Def Stan 02-119 contain the
present regulations regarding warning. Toxic and Flammable Warning
signs (see Annex E) are to be fitted where required.

27

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
3) No Smoking Prohibitary signs (see Annex E) are to be erected where
required These signs may also be erected for other purposes. (See section
4.2.13).
4.2.10 Magazines - Surface Ships
a.
Regulations regarding magazines and explosives are contained in BR 862 and
Def Stan 02-183. Where there may be any conflicts the Def Stan takes
precedence.
b.

Venting plates are to be prohibition signs with VENTING PLATE - DO NOT

OBSTRUCT as supplementary text. Vent plate boundaries shall be
highlighted by a yellow and black hazard stripe.

c.

All lockers and isolation valves shall be identified by a magazine sign and
appropriate lettering ......LOCKER (Posn X) and DANGER
EXPLOSIVES, or FLOOD OPERATING VALVE; DRAIN; LOCK
CLOSED etc.

d.

All air and drain escape vents and valves shall be identified by a White tally,
with black lettering and appropriate directional arrows.

28

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
4.2.11 Magazines - Submarines
a.

Ventilation plates shall be identified by black lettering on a white background

and appropriate lettering e.g. WSC VENT; SUPPLY VALVE/OPERATING
POSITION; NORMALLY OPEN.

b.

All lockers shall be identified by a magazine sign and appropriate lettering

(12mm) e.g. SSE PYROTECHNICS - READY USE or SSE
PYROTECHNICS EMERGENCY or OXYGEN GENERATOR IGNITION
CARTRIDGES. In addition a tally-plate shall be provided to indicate the
type of store held and all other non-explosive stores e.g. message carriers,
webbing etc.

c.

All air and drain escape vents and valves shall be identified by a White tally,
with black lettering and appropriate directional arrows.

4.2.12 Gun Mountings and Launchers

a.

Portable Warning Boards are to be displayed on Gun Mountings and

Launchers when loaded to indicate the hazard, e.g. "DANGER - LAUNCHER
LOADED - ROUNDS MAY FIRE WITHOUT WARNING". The Boards are
to be made of aluminium, size 600 mm x 450 mm with black lettering 50 mm
high, on a yellow background. The safety signs are to be positioned in order
that they are visible from all access routes.

4.2.13 No Smoking
a.
No Smoking signs are to be sited generally as required by ships standing
orders and are to be in accordance with the No Smoking Prohibition sign
shown in Annex E.
b.

Signs shall be located outside all magazines and submarine WSC.

4.2.14 Battery Charging

a.

Safety notices in accordance with this Def Stan are to be displayed as required
by Def Stan 02-101 Part 2.

4.2.15 Noisy Compartments or Areas

a.

Accesses to excessively noisy compartments or areas, are to have Ear

Protection To Be Worn Mandatory signs (see Annex E). Additional
information is provided in Def Stan 02-813 and Def Stan 02-832.

4.2.16 Workshops
a.
Safety notices are to be displayed in workshops in accordance with this Def
Stan and as required by Def Stan 02-101. Where the signs referenced in
section 4.1.10 of this Def Stan; viz. requirements for guards and 'Eye

29

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
Protection Must Be Worn Mandatory signs; cannot be accommodated
conveniently on a machine they are to be sited in the vicinity in clear view of
the machine operator.
4.2.17 Galleys
a.

The requirements for Galleys are included in section 4.1.9.

4.2.18 Cold and Cool Rooms

a.

The requirements for Cold and Cool Rooms and Refrigeration machinery
spaces are contained in Def Stan 02-111.

4.2.19 Special Handling Area

a.

A Warning sign, as illustrated in BS EN 100015-1, is to be clearly visible to

personnel before they enter the Electro Sensitive Device (ESD) protected area.

4.2.20 Pipe Identification

a.

5.

Good working practice should dictate the use of a pipe identification system to
promote a safe working environment. Tapes should clearly identify the
contents of the pipe and should be fitted either side of valves, at bulkhead
penetrations, Oil Transfer Boxes and where pipes cross one another, etc., and
at regular intervals along the pipe.

CORPORATE EXPERIENCE & KNOWLEDGE

Related Documents: JSP 430

5.1.

General
a.

When considering the applicability of safety signs to a situation it is important

to ensure that a positive safety culture is in place. A positive attitude towards
safety will ensure the smallest possible risk of accident or injury and
maximum understanding of the safety signs supplied. The simplest way to
change safety attitudes is by management example and personnel training.
The introduction of JSP 430 has provided a framework to develop this safety
culture.

30

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
b.

It is MoD policy to have levels of risk and safety management systems which
are at least as good as statute. There will always be exceptions on RN Ships
where statute cannot be met. In such cases, a justification should be recorded
within the safety case to prove that appropriate mitigation to ALARP (As Low
As Reasonably Practicable).

Research has proven that although between 66 to 90% of people will notice a
written warning or sign, only half of them will actually read what it says. In
many cases, the need for a warning indicates poor design. Improving the
design of an item can make the need for a warning obsolete, or at least make
the advice much easier to follow.

5.2

Requirements For Safety Signs

5.2.1

Procedures For Identification Of A Hazard

a.

For new design and immature projects hazards should be identified through
structured brainstorming sessions (such as SWIFT & HAZOP) and as part of
other formal design assessments and reviews. Ideally any hazards so identified
should be negated by design change and so down the mitigation hierarchy;
where it is not possible to achieve this it may be necessary to protect personnel
from the hazard by identifying an appropriate sign. The sign must be capable
of being quickly and easily understood. A safety sign must not be used in lieu
of achievable design changes, i.e. reducing the hazard to as low as reasonably
practicable (ALARP), and must not compromise any other design aspects.
Signs can also be used to enforce safety features such as the use of safety
guards and/or procedures.

b.

Where an existing hazard is identified onboard an in-service ship, it should be

brought to the immediate attention of the WPM or EPM in order that all
necessary mitigation steps can be taken. As the final step in this process it is
the responsibility of the ships CO and designated Safety Officer to ensure that
on identification of the hazard the appropriate safety sign is used until other
mitigation techniques can be implemented or a permanent safety sign is
supplied by the WPM or EPM and incorporated into the ships safety sign
database.

c.

If a hazard is identified during refit the WPM or EPM is to be notified in order

that all necessary mitigation steps can be taken. Refit hazards are classed as
those introduced to the vessel through the removal or addition of equipment.
Temporary hazards produced by the refit dockyard, e.g. temporary cable runs,
trip hazards caused by items of equipment out of place, etc. are the
responsibility of the refit dockyard and should be highlighted using temporary
signs supplied by them. Where it is considered that these are inadequate the
refit project manager should be informed.

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Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
5.2.2

Positioning Of Safety Signs

a.

When identifying the location of safety signs, consideration should be given to

the hazard or feature that they are marking and its position. For example, a
first aid box which should incorporate a sign of a white cross on a green
background on it does not need an adjacent first aid sign provided that the
integrated sign is clearly visible. However if it is obscured, or in a cupboard,
an additional safety sign should be placed in a prominent position indicating its
exact location.

b.

Signs should be :1)

located when and where needed, so that they grab the attention.
2)
in a conspicuous position (ideally in line of sight).
3)
in a suitable format (brief, understandable and attention
grabbing)
4)
annotated only with the information needed.

c. Direction signs, for example escape signs, should form a continuous route but
should be kept to a minimum in order to avoid confusion. However signs must be
spaced so that they can be seen in poor visibility and as a minimum sited on doors
or hatches and should indicate changes in direction. Where a primary and
secondary escape route is available each route must be clearly identified to ensure
that the correct route is used. There may be different escape routes depending on
whether the vessel is in harbour or at sea, these should be clearly identified.

d. Standing Orders and Work Instructions are to be considered when reviewing the
requirement for safety signs. Where the hazard is non continuous, e.g. loading
stores etc., a permanent safety sign may not be required. Suitable alternative
mitigation may include areas are always manned whilst the hazard is present or
that appropriate temporary safety signs should be placed as part of operating
procedures.
5.2.3

Overuse Of Safety Signs

a.

Sign Blindness is an important consideration for the designer/surveyor and is

created by the presence of to many signs in any one position. Sign Blindness
can lead to confusion or to the information being ignored. If the hazard or
hazards indicated are unclear then the risk of injury or accident is significantly
increased. In order to establish whether or not a safety sign is required at the
access to a compartment the following points must be considered:
1) What are the hazards contained within the compartment/area under
consideration?
2) Are these hazards global to the compartment or specific to
equipment?
3) What is the level of risk :i). under normal operating conditions?

32

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ii). in emergency situations, or action stations e.g. fire, flood
etc.?
b.

Hazards should be considered individually and recorded in the vessel hazard

log. The IPTL/surveyor should use the hazard log and any previously
conducted workplace risk assessments as a baseline to establish which signs
are to be placed and their positions. The ships signs register records the
resolution of this process for in-service ships and should be created as part of
the Ships Safety Case (in-conjunction with other safety equipment registers)
for new vessels. In prioritising signs to locate at or near hazardous areas,
consideration should be given not only to the nature of the hazard but also to
the circumstances in which the hazard occurs. Hazards which are consistently
occurring, e.g. hot surfaces, require to be notified at all times. However,
hazards which may occur as the result of particular circumstances and
emergency situations, e.g. the presence of CO2 after a hand-appliance
extinguished fire, need not be notified. The awareness of these hazards can
only be addressed through training of personnel and the practising and
exercising of emergency procedures.

c.

Studies have proven that signs are most effective if warnings contain
information on possible injuries or consequences. This helps motivate users to
know why they should comply. Therefore effective signs should indicate
actions to avoid a hazard in a reliable and timely manner. Personnel are most
likely to comply with Mandatory signs if safety equipment (gloves, masks etc.)
is located close at hand, or supplied with the warning.

d.

Signal words such as DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION are effective

since they help personnel perceive a particular product or drill to be more
hazardous. DEADLY and POISON are rated the most extreme signal words by
most studies.
Remember: Too many warnings or signs encourage personnel to read only the
first few. Place important information at the top of multiple sign-boards
(Annex E, para E7) and restrict the number of symbols and information to the
minimum required to avoid information overload.

e.

Warships are a hazardous environment in which to work, there is a real danger

that too many signs could be used. Sound engineering and operational
judgement must be applied to certain areas of the ship. There are areas of the
vessel which have specific design features which could be classed as a hazard,
for example the sill of watertight doors could be classed as a tripping hazard.
The mitigation for incorporating these tripping hazards is that they are required
in order to maintain watertight integrity. Therefore hazards which are
exceptions to the norm should be highlighted e.g. rather than a sign on all sills
those that do not conform to the standard design should be provided with a
safety sign or by hazard warning tape.

f.

Signs are most effective when:

1) risks of non-compliance are perceived to be serious or highly likely
to occur.
33

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
2) personnel believe that they will be personally affected by the
consequences.
3) personnel are unfamiliar with an equipment or situation.
4) those around them are complying with the instruction (safety
culture).
5) it is easy to comply with the instruction e.g. PPE is close at hand.
6) it is believed that compliance will return a real personal benefit
(safety culture)
5.3

Implementation of Safety Signs

a.

Safety signs must not be obstructed at any time. Where a permanent

configuration change would obscure the sign the A&A guidance must include
repositioning of the sign.

b.

Where a supplementary text sign is used in conjunction with a pictogram, the

text must be consistent with the authority of the pictogram sign.

c.

It is recommended in statutory regulations that all escape sign are to be

photoluminescent; this is a restricted option when considering RN vessels (see
Para 4.2c. of this Def Stan). The night-time visual signatures of the ship
should not be compromised by the use of safety signs.

d.
Figure 5.1 illustrates some typical sign sizes dependant upon viewing
distances.

Viewing distance
Viewing distance
Viewing distance
3.3m (letters 10mm) 5.0m (letters 11mm) 10m (letters 22mm)

Viewing distance
20m (letters 44mm)

Figure 5.1 - Viewing Distances For Safety Signs

e.

Where possible the approved sizes should be used, however, due to the
likelihood of restrictive space on RN vessels smaller signs may be necessary,
ensuring that the hazard is still highlighted from a suitable distance. For
example a RADHAZ warning sign must be visible from all accesses to the

34

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
hazard and from a safe distance from the tape marking the hazard boundary as
illustrated in Figure 5.2
Safety Sign

Outline Of Field Of
Vision For Each Sign

Aerial

RADHAZ Boundary Warning

Tape
Minimum Viewing
Distance

Figure 5.2 - An Example Of Safety Sign Positioning

NOTE: It is the obligation of the designer to ensure that sufficient signs are
provided to highlight the hazard from all access points, and the surveyor that
they are installed at the intended positions. However they can be positioned
outside the hazard warning tape or even at access points.
f.

If a supplementary text sign is to be used alongside a pictogram the lettering

should be a minimum of 10mm, increasing with the viewing distance of the
sign.

g.

Everyone perceives risk differently. Over-confidence, optimism or overfamiliarity can reduce an individuals appraisal of a hazards significance.
Risks will generally be underestimated in our own work and overestimated in
others. Personnel will respond to warnings if they are alert and seeking
information, because they expect a hazard to be present or because past
experience or training indicates that such information may be needed. It is
vital not to overload any user with information. It is human nature to be more
concerned with getting the job done than to be consciously aware of health and
safety consequences. Critical tasks require personnel to switch to a more
conscious and focused thinking about inherent risks. Signs can help with this
focus when applied correctly.

35

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ANNEX A
RELATED DOCUMENTS
A1.

The following documents and publications are referred to in this Def Stan:
Document

Subject Matter

BS 381C
BS 5499

Colours for identification, coding and special purpose

Fire Safety Signs, Notices and Graphic Symbols
Part 1 1990 Specification for Fire Safety Signs
BS EN 100015-1 Basic Specification: Protection of electrostatic
1992
sensitive devices - Part 1 General Requirements
BS EN 60825
Radiation safety of laser products, equipment
1992
classification, requirements and users guide
DEF STAN 05-18 Symbol Markings of Servicing and Safety/hazard
points on Aircraft, Ground Support Equipment and
Guided Weapon Systems
DEF STAN 05-34 Marking of Service materiel

Statutory
Instrument 1996
No 341

The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals)

Regulations 1996

IMO SOLAS

SOLAS Consolidated Edition 1992

SOLAS International Convention For Safety Of Life
at Sea 1974, 1992 Amendments.
Military Laser Safety

JSP 390
JSP 430

Ship Safety Management System - Policy and

Guidance on MoD Ship and Equipment Safety
Management

JSP(F) 395

Index of Hazardous Stores

Def Stan 02-101

Workshops and Maintenance Spaces

Def Stan 02-111

Refrigerated Spaces, Insulation and Fittings

36

Def Stan
Section
Annex D
2.2.b
4.1.19.a
4.2.19.a
4.1.12.a
4.1.13.a

2.2.a
4.1.4.a
4.2.3.a
4.2.4.a
2.1.a
2.2.a
2.2.b
2.2.1.a
2.2.2.b
2.2.5.a
3.1.5.a
3.1.6.a
2.2.c

4.1.12.a
4.2.4.a
2.2.1.b
3.1.a
3.1.2.a
5.1.a
3.1.1.a
4.1.6.a
4.2.14.a
4.2.16.a
4.2.18.a

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
Def Stan 02-119
Part 1

Requirements for Damage Control and Fire Protection 3.1.5.b

for the Safety of Surface Ships and Submarines
4.1.11.a
4.2.5.a
4.2.8.a
4.2.9.a.2)

37

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
Document
Def Stan 02-121
Def Stan 02-183

Def Stan 02-501

Def Stan 02-705

Def Stan 02-723
Def Stan 02-813
Def Stan 02-832
Def Stan 21-34

BR 241
BR 862 (1) (2)
BR 1754

BR 2000(20)
BR 2170

BR 2924
BR 3027
L64

Subject Matter
Requirements for Galleys and Associated Spaces
Requirements for the Construction and Ship-fitting
Arrangements in Magazines and Submarine Weapon
Stowage Compartments
General Requirements for the Design of ElectroTechnical Equipment

Selection of Materials on the Basis of their Fire

Characteristics
Requirements for Marker Plates
Requirements for Structure Borne Vibration Testing
of Warship Equipment
Airborne Noise and Vibration Levels for Auxiliary
Machinery
Requirements for the Design and Preparation of
Aerial and Visual Signalling Rig and RADHAZ
Drawings
Submarine Escape And Rescue Handbook
HB for Naval Magazine and Explosive Regulations
Safety Regulations for Storing and Handling
Petroleum, Oils, Lubricants and certain other
Hazardous Stores in HM Ships
Ship Eng. Practices - Safety Considerations &
Precautions
Ship NBCD Manual

Def Stan
Section
4.1.9.a
4.2.10.a

4.1.1.a
4.1.2.a
4.1.5.a
4.1.14.a
4.1.15.a
4.1.16.a
4.1.17.a
3.1.3.a
3.1.3.a
4.2.15.a
4.2.15.a
4.1.4.a

4.2.6.c
4.2.10.a
4.2.9.a.2)

3.1.2.a
4.1.7.a
3.1.6.b
4.1.8.b
4.2.c
4.2.5.a
Radio Hazards in Naval Service
4.2.3.a
4.2.4.a
Manual of Inspections and Tests of Lifting Appliances 4.1.14.a
Health & Safety Executive - Guidance on Regulations 2.1.b
2.2.3.a

38

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
A2.

The following documents and publications are general documents and are not
specifically referred to in this Def Stan:
Document

BS 5378
BS 5378

BS 5378

Subject Matter
Safety Signs and Colours
Part 1 1980 Colour and Design
Safety Signs and Colours
Part 2 1980 Specification for Colorimetric and
photometric properties of materials
Safety Signs and Colours
Part 3 1982 Specification for additional signs to those
given in Part 1

39

Def Stan
Section
2.2.b
2.2

2.2

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ANNEX B
ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

B1.

For the purpose of this Def Stan the following abbreviations apply:
BS
DEF STAN
EMC
EPM
ESD
IMO
MOD
NATO
Def Stan
PPE
RFA
RN
SI
SOLAS
SSB
SSMO
SSMS
WPM

B2.

British Standard
Defence Standard
Electro Magnetic Compatibility
Equipment Project Manager (Equipment Design Authority)
Electrostatic Sensitive Devices
International Maritime Organisation
Ministry of Defence
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
Defence Standard
Personal Protective Equipment e.g. gloves, boots, overalls.
Royal Fleet Auxiliary
Royal Navy
Statutory Instrument
Safety of Life at Sea
Ship Safety Board
Ship Safety Management Office
Ship Safety Management System
Warship Project Manager (Platform Design Authority)

For the purpose of this Def Stan the following definitions apply:
Regulations
SI No. 341

One or more of the various SI and/or IMO SOLAS treaties

Statutory Instrument 1996 No. 341 The Health and Safety
(Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996

40

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

ANNEX C
PROCUREMENT CHECK LIST
Notes:
1. This Check List is to ensure that certain aspects of this Defence Standard are consulted
when preparing a procurement specification for a particular application.
2. Clauses where a preference for an option is to be used or where specific data is to be added
are included in the Check List.
3. Each item is to be marked either:
= included
N/A = not included
Check
No

Check

Safety Sign Policy

Performance Specification - Related Document JSP 430

Means of conveying safety information by signs

Choice of materials and siting of safety signs

Sizes of signs

Indication of safety colour

Examples of pictogram signs with Nato Stock Numbers and Part

Numbers currently available from DLO stores.

Clause No
Additional
Information,
para 26a & b
1
sub-paras
abc&d
2.2.3
sub-paras
abc&d
2.2.4
sub paras
a&b
2.2.5.a
& Section 5
2.2.6
sub paras
ab&c
and 3.1.5
sub paras
a&b
Annex E

41

or
NA

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ANNEX D

ACCEPTABLE PAINTS FOR SAFETY SIGNS

The following paints are acceptable for use where safety signs need to be painted directly on
the ships structure. These paints are held in Class Group O442.
Black NSN 8010-99-543-0264
Yellow NSN 8010-99-543-0273 (Golden Yellow BS 381C Code No 356)
White NSN 8010-99-910-7037
Red

NSN 8010-99-543-0270 (Signal Red BS 381C Code No 537)

Green NSN 8010-99-543-0267 (Mid Brunswick Green BS 381C Code No

226)
Blue

NSN 8010-99-543-0265 (Azure Blue BS 381C Code No 104)

42

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ANNEX E
SAFETY SIGNS
E1.

This Annex contains examples of pictogram signs that are available in stock.
It lists the Nato Stock Numbers (NSN) and Part Numbers currently available
from DLO stores. The suffix, LE435, denotes ownership of the sign. Full
reference codes can be found in the Safety Signs Register. This is not a
prescriptive list, any sign which meets the general requirements of this Def
Stan and whose pictogram is listed below is acceptable for procurement.
Optimum sizes and materials should be selected to conform to the general
guidance of Section 5.

Note: The sizes (in mm) of signs in this annex are given by the last two sets of digits
comprising individual Part Numbers. The materials the signs are made of are
given by the two letters immediately preceding these numbers and are as
follows:
AV
RP
TR
FF
PL
TAPE
MT

E2

Sign

Self-adhesive vinyl
Rigid plastic
Traffolite
Fascal foil
Photoluminescent self-adhesive vinyl
Photoluminescent self-adhesive aluminium foil
Metal

Prohibition Signs - Round Shape, black pictogram on a white background,

red edging and diagonal line (the red part to take up at least 35% of the area of
the sign).
Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Do Not
Operate.

9905-99-351-3923

LE435/PROH08-00-00/AV/150/150

43

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Do Not Use
Ladder
Without
Permission Of
OOW.

9905-99-357-7742

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Do Not Drink.

9905-99-831-8033

LE435/PROH11-00-00/AV/150/150

No
Unauthorised
Access
Without
Permission of
OOW

9905-99-641-9326

LE435/PROH13-00-00/AV/150/150

Do Not Touch.

9905-99-193-7136

LE435/FSS 16-00-00/RP/450/600

No Smoking.

9905-99-373-6115
9905-99-774-7266
9905-99-816-6109
9905-99-774-7267

LE435/FSS06-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/PROH02-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/PROH02-00-22/AV/200/200
LE435/PROH02-00-33/AV/300/300

44

LE435/FSS 15-00-00/RP/450/600

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
No Naked
Flames.

9905-99-927-2006
9905-99-520-0998
9905-99-856-3587
9905-99-584-1747

45

LE435/PROH03-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/PROH03-00-22/AV/200/200
LE435/PROH03-00-44/AV/400/400
LE435/PROH03-00-68/AV/600/800

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Various text

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

No Access for
Pedestrians

9905-99-942-2104

LE435/PROH04-00-00/AV/150/150

No Access For
Stores
Vehicles.

9905-99-142-6606

LE435/PROH05-00-00/AV/150/150

No Running.

9905-99-746-8145

LE435/PROH06-00-00/AV/150/150

See Register

Size 50 x 150

Supplementary
signs

46

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
E3

Sign

Warning Signs - Triangular shape, black pictogram on a yellow background,

black edging (the yellow part to take up at least 50% of the area of the sign.
NB : Transportable equipment should be marked with equivalent orange
diamond pictograms.
Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

9905-99-866-9060
9905-99-781-9178
9905-99-350-1817
9905-99-720-6505

LE435/CAUT01-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/CAUT01-00-00/RP/150/150
LE435/CAUT01-10-22/AV/200/200
LE435/CAUT01-10-22/RP/200/200

9905-99-760-1297
9905-99-425-5260

LE435/CAUT17-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/CAUT17-00-00/TR/150/150

Oxidising
Agent.

9905-99-849-6028

LE435/CAUT23-00-00/AV/150/150

Explosive.

9905-99-260-8245

LE435/CAUT07-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-774-7265
7690-99-792-1690
(NSN 7690
7690-99-791-9589
group have
7690-99-136-6962
supplementary 7690-99-299-8181
text)
7690-99-720-0989
7690-99-538-7784

LE435/CAUT09-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/CAUT27-01-36/AV/30/65
LE435/CAUT27-00-92/AV/95/230
LE435/CAUT27-02-44/AV/400/400
LE435/CAUT27-02-22/AV/200/200
LE435/CAUT27-03-22/AV/200/200
LE435/CAUT27-04-22/AV/200/200

General
Warning Sign.
This is to be
accompanied
by a
supplementary
word sign
describing the
specific
hazard.
Caution
Flammable.
Caution High
Temperatures.
Caution
Scalding.

Non-ionising
Radiation.

47

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Laser Beam.

9905-99-311-5047

LE435/CAUT11-00-00/AV/150/150

Caution
Magnetic
Field.

9905-99-926-3118

LE435/CAUT18-00-00/AV/150/150

Electrostatic
Sensitive
Device.

9905-99-130-1428

LE435/CAUT14-00-00/AV/150/150

Radiation.

9905-99-125-9666

LE435/CAUT10-00-00/AV/150/150

Biological
Hazard.

9905-99-861-3018

LE435/CAUT08-00-00/AV/150/150

48

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Caution Fork
Lift Trucks
Access Route.
(Carriers &
RFA only)

9905-99-830-6113

LE435/CAUT13-00-00/AV/150/150

Overhead
Load. Hangars,
workshops

9905-99-448-4239

LE435/CAUT12-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-693-0089

LE435/CAUT15-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-889-8092

LE435/CAUT16-00-00/AV/150/150

Compressed
Gas. A
supplementary
text label is to
be used
specifying the
exact gas.
Low
Temperature.

Trip Hazard. Naval vessels 9905-99-202-7934

have many trip
hazards, in
comparison to
the shore - For
use in specific
areas only

49

LE435/CAUT21-00-00/AV/150/150

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

9905-99-510-0589
9905-99-376-9045

LE435/CAUT24-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/CAUT24-00-00/RP/150/150

Hazard Stripe
Tape.

9330-99-952-0656

LE435/CAUT26-00-00/TAPE/50/33M

Limited
Overhead
Height - For
use in specific
areas only

9905-99-884-5931

LE435/CAUT25-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-882-2196
9905-99-492-8564
9905-99-225-4703

LE435/CAUT02-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/CAUT02-00-33/AV/300/300
LE435/CAUT02-04-00/AV/600/450

Toxic.
Obtain Permit
and Vent
Before
Opening.

9905-99-764-2033

LE435/CAUT03-00-00/AV/150/150

Harmful or
Irritant.

9905-99-812-2097

LE435/CAUT06-00-00/AV/150/150

Overhead
Hazard Naval vessels
have many
obstructions,
in comparison
to the shore For use in
specific areas
only

Electrical
hazard.
Lightning
Conductor,
Personnel To
Stand 1m
Away in
Storms.

50

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Various
supplementary

E4

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Corrosive
Dangerous
Chemicals.

9905-99-641-9360

LE435/CAUT04-00-00/AV/150/150

Various text, in
location,
See Register
hazard type
and gas type.

Mandatory Sign - Round Shape, white pictogram on a blue background (the

blue part to take up at least 50% of the area of the sign).
Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

9905-99-137-4764

LE435/MAND01-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-774-7268

LE435/MAND02-00-00/AV/150/150

Supplementary
In Compartment

9905-99-503-3245

LE435/MAND02-01-00/AV/50/150/S

Supplementary
In Compartment
When Operating.

9905-99-663-6075

LE435/MAND02-03-00/AV/50/150/S

General
Mandatory
Sign. This is
to be
accompanied
by a
supplementary
word sign to
reflect the
specific
hazard.
Ear Defenders
To Be Worn

51

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Safety Goggles
To Be Worn
When
operating.

9905-99-774-7269

LE435/MAND03-00-00/AV/150/150

Hard Hats To
Be Worn.

9905-99-196-7896

LE435/MAND04-00-00/AV/150/150

9905-99-483-1939

LE435/MAND04-00-00/RP/150/150

Overalls To Be 9905-99-431-7632
Worn.

LE435/MAND06-00-00/AV/150/150

Face
Protection To
Be Worn
When
Operating.

9905-99-109-4754

LE435/MAND07-00-00/AV/150/150

Welders Mask
To Be Worn
When
Operating.

9905-99-590-1426

LE435/MAND09-00-00/AV/150/150

52

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Dust Masks
Must Be
Worn.

9905-99-896-6997

LE435/MAND10-00-00/AV/150/150

Safety Gloves
To Be Worn.

9905-99-374-5745

LE435/MAND11-00-00/AV/150/150

Breathing
Apparatus To
Be Worn.

9905-99-502-2372

LE435/MAND12-00-00/AV/150/150

High Visibility
Garments To
Be Worn.

9905-99-629-9707

LE435/MAND13-00-00/AV/150/150

Pedestrian
Route.

9905-99-491-1243

LE435/MAND14-00-00/AV/150/150

53

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Safety Harness 9905-99-480-7520

To Be Worn
9905-99-657-6164
When Aloft Or 9905-99-707-3233
Over The Side. (Supplementary)

LE435/MAND15-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/MAND15-00-00/RP/150/150
LE435/MAND15-00-00/AV/60/150/S

Wash Hands.

9905-99-483-1940

LE435/MAND16-00-00/AV/150/150

Use Guard.

9905-99-551-0099

LE435/MAND17-00-00/AV/150/150

Lift Correctly.

9905-99-664-5307

LE435/MAND21-00-00/AV/150/150

Safety Guard
To Be In
Place.

9905-99-896-4406

LE435/MAND18-00-00/AV/150/150

54

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Various text
E5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Keep Locked.

9905-99-403-7026

LE435/MAND19-00-00/AV/150/150

Supplementary
signs

See Register

Size: 50 to 100 x 150 to 300

Emergency Escape or First Aid Signs - Rectangular or square shape, white

pictogram on a green background (the green part to take up at least 50% of the
area of the sign), with the exception of the submarine escape equipment sign.
Interpretation
/ Description
Escape SignsThrough
access, Left,
Right, Up,
Down
Submarine
Escape
Equipment,
this sign shall
be photoluminescent.
First aid posts,
affixed to
structure,
directional
arrows should
be used, where
necessary, to
indicate
position or
direction.

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

See Register

Size: 100 to 500h x 100 to 600b

9905-99-915-3590

LE435/SAFE13-00-00/PL/150/150

9905-99-657-6253

LE435/SAFE15-00-00/AV/150/150

55

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description
First Aid
Equipment
This sign to be
used when
equipment
may form part
of shore-side
disaster relief /
1st aid parties
ashore

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

9905-99-959-1473

LE435/SAFE02-00-00/AV/150/150

Directional
Arrow.
Left/ Right/
Up/Down
Diagonal

9905-99-598-5650
9905-99-987-5122
9905-99-299-8097

LE435/ESC16-00-82/PL/80/250
LE435/SAFE14-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/SAFE16-00-00/AV/150/150

Emergency
Stop Push
Button.

9905-99-757-5102

LE435/SAFE03-00-00/AV/150/150

Break Glass In
Event Of Fire.

9905-99-755-9153

LE435/SAFE07-00-00/AV/150/150

Emergency
Telephone.

9905-99-880-5347

LE435/SAFE09-00-00/AV/150/150

56

Def Stan 02-784

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Sign

ESCAPE BA

Various text

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Stretcher.

9905-99-676-3997

LE435/SAFE10-00-00/AV/150/150

Emergency
9905-99-917-8529
Safety Shower.

LE435/SAFE11-00-00/AV/150/150

Emergency
Eyewash.

9905-99-264-0097
9905-99-938-5824

LE435/SAFE12-00-11/AV/100/100
LE435/SAFE12-00-00/AV/150/150

Safe Drinking
Water.

9905-99-334-5227

LE435/SAFE08-00-00/AV/150/150

7690-99-765-8419

LE435/ESC15-02-41/PL/44/150

See Register

Size: 50 x 150

ELSA
(Emergency
Escape Lifesaving
Apparatus)Emergency
Breathing
Gear
supplementary
signs

57

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

E6

General examples of other signs.

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

No Escape.

9905-99-184-5371
9905-99-430-1073

LE435/ESC10-00-00/PL/100/300
LE435/ESC10-00-00/RP/100/300

Escape
direction dots

7690-99-251-6851

LE435/ESC12-01-90/PL/90/90

Photoluminesc
ent switch /
door handle
backing

9905-99-555-0205

LE435/ESC12-00-00/PL/25/25

Escape to sea

Escape To Sea. 9905-99-629-9688

- Emergency
Use Only

LE435/ESC13-00-00/PL/100/300

Escape to sea

Escape Hatch.
-Emergency
Use Only

9905-99-235-5580

LE435/ESC14-00-00/PL/100/300

Push To Open.
- Emergency
Use Only

9905-99-885-4410

LE435/ESC11-00-00/PL/100/300

58

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
E7
Sign

E8

Sign

Examples of the use of multiple signs to represent one hazard.

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Warning,
9905-99-167-4770
Battery Acid
In
Compartment,
Corrosive
Material, No
Naked Flames.

LE435/MULTI01-00-00/AV/250/150

4.5 Magazine 9905-99-374-3056

Explosive
9905-99-485-2879
Materials No
Naked Flames.

LE435/MULTI02-00-00/AV/150/150
LE435/MULTI02-00-00/RP/150/150

Examples of IMO signs. Where IMO signs are felt to be more applicable
these can be used in place of signs meeting the Statutory Instrument No 341.
White/ Photoluminescent Pictogram on a green background.
Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Lifeboat.

9905-99-935-6307

59

Part No.

LE435/IMO01-00-00/PL/150/150

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Rescue Boat.

9905-99-799-0071 LE435/IMO02-00-00/PL/150/150

Liferaft.

9905-99-344-3373 LE435/IMO03-00-00/PL/150/150

Embarkation
Ladder

9905-99-284-2689 LE435/IMO04-00-00/PL/150/150

Evacuation
Slide

9905-99-339-3513 LE435/IMO05-00-00/PL/150/150

Life-buoy with
light & smoke.

9905-99-501-1162 LE435/IMO06-00-00/PL/150/150

60

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Rocket
parachute
flares.

9905-99-260-8243 LE435/IMO11-00-00/PL/150/150

Survival Craft
Pyrotechnic
Distress
Signals.

9905-99-695-2781 LE435/IMO07-00-00/PL/150/150

Immersion suit

9905-99-606-4818 LE435/IMO08-00-00/PL/150/150

EPIRB.

9905-99-614-8262 LE435/IMO09-00-00/PL/150/150

Emergency
Radar
Transponder.

9905-99-609-2406 LE435/IMO010-00-00/PL/150/150

61

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

E9
Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

Lifejacket.

9905-99-425-3944 LE435/IMO012-00-00/PL/150/150

Temporary Hazards / Free-standing signs

Description /
Supplementary
Text

NATO Stock No.

Folding Frame

7520-99-991-2051

LE435/STAND-00-00/MT/800/600

9905-99-852-0564
9905-99-388-5776
9905-99-152-4071
9905-99-535-3072
9905-99-872-8026
9905-99-304-0922

LE435/FSS01-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS02-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS03-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS04-02-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS04-03-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS18-00-00/RP/450/600

General
Warning
Danger.
Wet Paint.
Arc Welding.
Cleaning in
progress.
Caution
Chemicals,
Overhead
Load
Danger Of
Drop.

Part No.

9905-99-967-8340 LE435/FSS19-00-00/RP/450/600

e.g. Deck plate

missing
Trip Hazard.
Slippery Deck.

9905-99-476-5219 LE435/FSS20-00-00/RP/450/600

Caution wet
floor

62

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Description /
Supplementary
Text
Hazardous
Brow

NATO Stock No.

Part No.

0461-9905-99837-2746

LE435/FSS21-00-00/RP/450/600

Trip Hazard.

9905-99-615-5153 LE435/FSS10-00-00/RP/450/600

Electrical
hazard.

9905-99-866-8204

LE435/FSS11-00-00/RP/450/600

First aid post.

9905-00-879-5117

LE435/FSS07-00-00/RP/450/600

Directional
Arrow.
Left / Right
Up / Down

9905-99-161-4016
9905-99-342-4082

LE435/FSS08-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS09-00-00/RP/450/600

63

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Description /
Supplementary
Text

NATO Stock No.

Do Not
Operate.

9905-99-270-7523

LE435/FSS17-00-00/RP/450/600

Do Not Use
Ladder
Without
Permission Of
OOW.

9905-99-357-7742

LE435/FSS15-00-00/RP/450/600

No Entry
and
No
Unauthorised
Entry

9905-99-846-4546
9905-99-382-4980

LE435/FSS12-00-00/RP/450/600
LE435/FSS13-00-00/RP/450/600

Do Not Touch.

9905-99-193-7136

LE435/FSS16-00-00/RP/450/600

Hard Hats To
Be Worn.

9905-99-466-8232

LE435/FSS05-00-00/RP/450/600

64

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

E10
Sign

Description /
Supplementary
Text

NATO Stock No.

Sound Horn

9905-99-690-6691

Part No.

LE435/FSS14-00-00/RP/450/600

Fire Fighting & RFA NBCD Signs

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

Fire Hose (in

enclosed
stowage)

9905-99-411-0395

LE435/FIRE01-00-00/AV/150/150

Fire Alarm

9905-99-452-6229
9905-99-769-9556

LE435/FIRE02-00-00/PL/150/300
LE435/FIRE02-01-00/AV/150/300

Fire
Extinguisher

9905-99-817-7982
9905-99-769-9557

LE435/FIRE03-00-00/PL/150/300
LE435/FIRE03-01-00/PL/150/300

CO2 Release

9905-99-236-7612

LE435/EXT01-00-00/AV/210/75

Halon 1211
Release

9905-99-535-9557

LE435/EXT01-01-00/AV/210/75

Halon 1301
Release

9905-99-595-4103

LE435/EXT01-02-00/AV/210/75

HFC 227ea
Release

9905-99-483-1938

LE435/EXT01-03-00/AV/210/75

65

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description

NATO Stock No.

FM-200
Release

9905-99-159-1549

LE435/EXT01-04-00/AV/210/75

CO2 Caution

9905-99-842-5030

LE435/EXT02-00-00/AV/210/210

Halon 1211
Caution

9905-99-894-9025

LE435/EXT02-01-00/AV/210/210

Halon 1301
Caution

9905-99-777-0385

LE435/EXT02-02-00/AV/210/210

HFC 227ea
Caution

9905-99-338-6024

LE435/EXT02-03-00/AV/210/210

FM-200
Caution

9905-99-254-7157

LE435/EXT02-04-00/AV/210/210

RFA Vent,
normally shut,
except for
ventilation

9905-99-259-7133

LE435/RFA-CG1/FF/150/150

RFA Gas-tight 9905-99-145-0804

opening. Shut
for NBCD
Attack and
chemical spills

LE435/RFA-CO1/FF/150/150

RFA - WT
Opening, keep
shut at sea

LE435/RFA-CR1/FF/150/150

9905-99-256-9045

66

Part No.

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Sign

Interpretation
/ Description
RFA - WT
Opening,
Damage
control/ Redline zone.

NATO Stock No.

9905-99-681-5432

RFA - GT
Opening, Main 9905-99-862-8238
vent, Keep
shut under
NBCD attack.

RN - NBCD
Citadel
Cleansing
Post.

0461-9905-99785-4118

67

Part No.

LE435/RFA-TR1/FF/150/150

LE435/RFA-TO1/FF/150/150

LE435/NBCD01-00-00/AV/150/150

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
ALPHABETICAL INDEX

Fire Fighting, 15
First Aid, 18
Galley, 14
Lifting, 15
Moving, 14
Submarine Escape, 19
Workshop, 14
Escape,
Hatches and Scuttles, 18
Markings, 18
Essential Services, 15
Eye Protection, 15, 20

A
Abbreviations and Definitions, 29
Accident Prevention, 10
Aircraft, 15
Anti-condensation Heaters, 16
B
Battery Charging, 17
Breathing Apparatus,
Breathing Apparatus Self Contained
Compressed Air (BASCCA), 19
Extended Duration Breathing Apparatus
(EDBA), 19
Emergency Life Support Apparatus
(ELSA), 18

F
Fire Fighting Equipment, 15
Fire Safety Sign, 19
First Aid,
Equipment, 18
Post, 18

C
Cathode Ray Tube, 13
Cleansing Post, 18
Codification, 11
Cold and Cool Rooms, 20
Colours, 11
Concept of Safety Signs, 4

G
Galley, 20
Equipment, 14
General Considerations, 6
Guided Weapon, 15
Gun Mountings, 20

D
Dangerous Substances, 17
Definitions,
L64, 4
SI No 341, 3
Design Consideration, 23

H
Hazardous Stores, 10
Hazards, 9
Temporary, 11
Toxic, 14
High Magnetic Field, 16

E
Ear Protection, 19
Earth Marker Plates, 16
Efflux Danger Areas, 17
Electro Magnetic Compatibility Filter, 13
Electrostatic Sensitive Devices, 16
Emergency,
Stop, 15
Escape Routes, 19

I
IMO Regulations, 24
Ionising Radiation, 13
K
Keyed Locking Devices, 13, 14
L

Equipment,

Laser

68

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5
Products, 15
Radiation, 20
Launchers, 20
Life Saving Appliances, 16
Lifting Equipment, 15

R
Radiation Hazards (RADHAZ), 17
Related Documents, 27
Rotating,
Machinery, 14
Masses, 17

M
Maintenance,
Signs, 4
Masses
Mobile, 17
Moving, 17
Rotating, 17
Materials,
Choice Of, 6, 10
Sign, 23
Moving,
Equipment, 14
Masses, 17

S
Safety,
Colour, 7, 11
Fire Signs, 19
Signs On Structures, 16
Signs Used on Equipment, 13
Safety Sign policy, viii
Ship Safety Board, viii
Ship Safety Management System, viii
Sign
Material, 23
Siting, 6, 24
Sizing, 25
Sign Blindness, 6, 24
Sign types
Siting, 6
Sign, 24
Sizes
Preferred, 7
Sign, 25
Special Handling Area, 21
Submarine Emergency Escape Equipment,
19

N
Nato Stock Numbers
Emergency Escape Or Fist Aid, 45, 48,
53
Fire Fighting Signs, 53
IMO Signs, 48
Mandatory Signs, 41, 53
Multiple Signs, 48
Other Signs, 47
Paints, 33
Prohibition Signs, 34, 52
Warning Signs, 37, 52
NBCD, 18
No Smoking, 20
Noisy Compartments, 19
Non-Ionising Radiation, 13, 20

T
Temporary Hazard, 11
Toxic
Hazard, 14
Substances, 17
Types Of Sign, 5

O
Oxygen Candle Locker, 21

V
Voltage Warning, 13

P
Paints, 11
Pipe Identification, 21
Procurement, 11, 31
Provision Of Signs, 4
Provision Of Signs, 4

W
Workshop,
Equipment, 14

69

Collation page

Def Stan 02-784

Issue 5

Inside Rear Cover

 Crown Copyright 2002

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

Defence Procurement Agency
An Executive Agency of The Ministry of Defence
Directorate of Standardization
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX

DStan Helpdesk
Tel 0141 224 2531/2
Fax 0141 224 2503
Internet e-mail enquiries@dstan.mod.uk

File Reference
The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/069/02/784.
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When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correct
application and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance with
a Defence Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Revision of Defence Standards
Defence Standards are revised as necessary by up issue or amendment. It is important that
users of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue or
amendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standards
for Defence Part 3 , Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 Index of Defence
Standards and Defence Specifications published annually and supplemented regularly by
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Standard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify the Directorate of
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