Gas Absorbtion

ABSTRACT
The experiment conducted was called the gas absorption experiment. The
purpose of this experiment is to examine the air pressure drop across the column as
a function of air flow rate for different water flow rates through the column. Besides
that, it is also to examine the relationship between the experimental pressure drop
values and correlated values for a packed column and also calculate its percentage
error. Pressure drop was determined by testing each of the water flow rate which is
1LPM, 2LPM and 3LPM while increasing air flow from 10 L/min to 180 L/min in
manometer. The y-axis and x-axis are calculated by using the formula of:
xaxis :
Gx
y
G y x y
2
0.1
G y FP x
yaxis:
gc ( x y ) y
In order to get the flooding point, pressure drop chart and graph of log
pressure drop against log gas flow rate from result must be generalized. In the end
of experiment, it can be concluded that at constant water flow rate from 1 LPM to 3
LPM, as pressure drop across the packed column increase, the air flow rate
increases.
INTRODUCTION
Gas absorption can be defined as the unit operation in which one or more
soluble components of a gas mixture are dissolved in a liquid. The liquid phase very
slightly vaporize in gas phase because of liquid phase is immiscible in gas phase
while the gas phase is inert gas. Mass transfer is involved in this process from the
gas phase to liquid phase.
Gas absorption usually used in controlling industrial air pollution and to
separate acidic impurities from mixed gas stream. Most common mass transfer
devices used for air pollution is packed towers. Packed tower devices operates in
counter-current flow which is involved the liquid enters the system from the top and
the gas stream mixed with discharged will enter from bottom. These will results
transferred from the gas to the liquid.
In absorption process, packing materials play an important role as it provide

large surface area between the liquid flows down and gas containing solute that
enters from bottom.
OBJECTIVE
1. To examine the air pressure drop across the column as a function of air
flow rate for different water flow rates through the column.
2. To examine the relationship between the experimental pressure drop
values and correlated values for a packed column
3. To calculate its percentage error between the experimental values and the
correlated values
THEORY
Pressure drop is result of fluid friction between liquid flow and the packing. In
figure 1 show a straight line is plotted and wet column three curvy lines are plotted.
The point where the slope is starting to change is shows that the points where liquid
hold up to increases and also can be known as loading point.
As the gas flow rate is increases, pressure drop increased until the line
plotted almost vertical. The liquid in this point is continuous phase and this point
also known as flooding point and it occur when liquid accumulates because of high
gas flow rate and continues until it completely filled with liquid.
Figure 1 : Graph of relationship between pressure drop and gas flow

rate
The formulae used for the calculation of theoretical flooding point and values
to plot the graphs are:
xaxis :
Gx
y
G y x y
yaxis:
G2y F P 0.1
x
gc ( x y ) y
G y=
Gg X
, where Gy is the gas mass flow rate per unit column cross-sectional
A
area, kg/m2s,
Gx =
Gl X
, where Gx is the liquid mass flow rate per unit column cross-sectional
A
area, kg/m2s
F p =900 m1 ( packing factor )

Water viscisity , x =0.001 Ns /m2
Densities : Density of water , x =996
Density of air , y =1.175 kg/m

Area= A = 0.005027 m2
APPARATUS
kg
3
m
Figure 2: Gas Absorption Unit
PROCEDURES
General Start-Up Procedures:
1.
All valves except for the ventilation valve V13 are ensured to be closed.
2.
All gas connection was checked so that it is properly fitted.
3.
The valve on the compressed air supply line was opened. The supplied
pressure was set between 2 to 3 bar by turning the regulator knob clockwise.
4.
The shut-off valve on CO2 gas cylinder was opened and checks whether it is
sufficient.
5.
The power for control panel was turned on.
General Shut-Down Procedures:

1.
The pump P1 was switched off.
2.
The valves V1, V2, and V12 were closed.
3.
The valve on the compressed air supply line was closed and the supply
pressure was exhausted by turning the regulator knob counter clockwise all
the way.
4.
The shut-off valve was closed on the CO2 gas cylinder.
5.
All liquid in the column K1 was drained by opening valves V4 and V5.
6.
All liquid from the receiving vessels B1 and B2 was drained by opening valves
V7 and V8.
7.
All liquid from the pump P1 was drained by opening valve V10.
8.
The power for the control was turned off.
Experiment: Hydrodynamics of a Packed Column ( Wet Column Pressure

Drop)
Procedures:
1.
The general start-up procedure was performed.
2.
The receiving vessel B2 was filled trough the charge port with 50 L of water
by opening valves V3 and V5.
3.
Valve V3 was closed.
4.
Valve V10 and valve V9 was opened slightly. The flow of water was observed
from vessel B1 through pump P1.
5.
Pump P1 was switched on, then valve V11 was slowly opened and adjusted to
give water flow rate of around 1 L/min. The water was allowed to enter the
top of column K1, flow down the column and accumulate at the bottom until
it overflows back into vessel B1.
6.
Valve V11 was opened and adjusted to give a water flow rate of 0.5 L/min into
column K1.
7.
Valve V1 was opened and adjusted to give an air flow rate 40 L/min into
column K1.
8.
The liquid and gas flow in the column K1 was observed and then the pressure
drop across the column was recorded at dPT-201.
9.
The steps 5 and 6 was repeated with different values of air flow rate, each
time increasing by 40 L/min while maintaining the same water flow rate.
10.
Steps 4 to 7 was repeated with different values of water flow rate, each time
increasing by 0.5 L/min by adjusting valve V11.
RESULT
Flow rate
(L/min)
Air
Water
1
2
3
Pressure drop (mm H20)

20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0
0
1
1
2
4
3
6
9
5
9
20
7
16
71
10
44
-
14
-
20
-
57
-
Graph of log pressure drop vs log gas flow rate
log pressure drop
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1.2
1LPM
2LPM
3LPM
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.4
log gas flow rate
Figure 3: Graph of log pressure drop against log gas flow rate
CALCULATION
Densities : Density of water , x =996 kg/m3

Density of air , y =1.175 kg/m
Area= A=0.005027 m2
1
F p =1900 m ( packing factor )
Water viscosi ty , x =960 kg/ms
THEORETICAL FLOODING POINT

For 1LPM
At 20L/min water flow rate
To calculate Gy, gas flow rate,
20 L
1m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.078 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
To calculate y-axis ,
0.1
0.078 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.002
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3
To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

3
1L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg / m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
To calculate x-axis,
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=1.455
G y x y 0.078 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3
40 L
1 m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.156 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.156 kg
960 kg
(1900 m1)(
)
2
0.1
2
ms
G y F P x
ms
=
=0.008
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.727
G y x y 0.156 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
60 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.234 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.234 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.018
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.485
G y x y 0.234 kg / m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
80 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.312 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.312kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.032
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302kg /m2 s
1.175 kg/ m3
=
=0.363
G y x y 0.312kg /m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg/m3
100 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.390 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.390 kg
960 kg
(1900 m1)(
)
2
0.1
2
ms
G y F P x
ms
=
=0.05
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.29
G y x y 0.390 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3

120 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.467 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.467 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.072
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.243
G y x y 0.467 kg /m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
140 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.545 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.545 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.098
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.208
G y x y 0.545 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3

3
160 L
1m
1min 1.175 kg
3
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m
G y=
=
=0.623 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.623 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900 m )(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.128
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.182
G y x y 0.623 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3
180 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.701 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.701kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.162
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
1L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=3.302 kg /m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
3.302kg /m2 s
1.175 kg/ m3
=
=0.363
G y x y 0.312kg /m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg/m3
For 2LPM
20 L
1m3
1min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.078 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.078 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.002
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=2.822
G y x y 0.078 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3
3
40 L
1m
1 min 1.175 kg
3
m
G y=
=
=0.156 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.156 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900 m )(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.008
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=1.411
G y x y 0.156 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
60 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.234 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.234 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.018
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.941
G y x y 0.234 kg / m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
80 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 k g
m3
G y=
=
=0.312 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.312kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.032
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg/ m3
=
=0.706
G y x y 0.312 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg/m3
3
100 L
1m
1min 1.175 kg
3
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m
G y=
=
=0.390 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.390 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900 m )(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.05
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
966 kg /m 3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg/m3
=
=0.564
G y x y 0.39 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg/m3

120 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
3
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m
G y=
=
=0.467 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.467 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.072
3
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
2L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=6.405 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
6.405 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.471
G y x y 0.467 kg /m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
For 3LPM
3
20 L
1m
1min 1.175 kg
3
m
G y=
=
=0.078 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
2
0.1
0.078 kg
960 kg
(1900 m1)(
)
2
0.1
2
ms
G y F P x
ms
=
=0.002
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
3L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=9.608 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
9.608 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=4.234
G y x y 0.078 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
40 L
1m
1 mi n 1.175 kg
3
m
G y=
=
=0.156 kg/ m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
2
0.1
0.156 kg
960 kg
(1900 m1)(
)
2
0.1
2
ms
G y F P x
ms
=
=0.008
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
3L
1m
1 min
3
G l X min 1000 L 60 s 966 kg /m
2
Gx =
=
=9.608 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
9.608 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=2.117
G y x y 0.156 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3
60 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.234 kg /m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
2
0.1
0.234 kg
960 kg
(1900 m1)(
)
2
0.1
2
ms
G y F P x
ms
=
=0.018
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3
3L
1m
1 min
3
Gl X min 1000 L 60 s 966 kg /m
Gx =
=
=9.608 kg / m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
9.608 kg /m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=1.411
G y x y 0.234 kg / m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
80 L
1m3
1 min 1.175 kg
m3
G y=
=
=0.312 kg/m2 s
A
0.005027 m2
0.1
0.1
0.312kg
1 960 kg
(1900 m )(
)
2
ms
m s
G y F P x
=
=0.032
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/ m 3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg / m3
3L
1 m3
1 min
3
Gl X min 1000 L 60 s 966 kg /m

Gx =
=
=9.608 kg / m2 s
A
0.005027 m2
Gx
y
9.608 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=1.058
G y x y 0.312 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg / m3
100 L
1 m3
1min 1.175 kg
Gg X
min 1000 L 60 s
m3
G y=
=
=0.390 kg/m2 s
2
A
0.005027 m
0.1
0.390 kg 2
1 960 kg
(1900
m
)(
)
ms
G2y F P 0.1
m2 s
x
=
=0.05
g c ( x y ) y 9.81 kg/m3 ( 9961.175 ) 1.175 kg /m3

3
3L
1m
1 min
3
966 kg /m
G l X min 1000 L 60 s
2
Gx =
=
=9.608 kg / m s
2
A
0.005027 m
Gx
y
9.608 kg/m2 s
1.175 kg /m3
=
=0.847
G y x y 0.390 kg/m2 s ( 9961.175 ) kg /m3
Air flow
K4 (y-
FLV(x-
FLV(x-
FLV(x-
rate(m3/h)
axis)
axis) in
1LPM
axis) in
2LPM
axis) in
3LPM
1LPM
2LPM
3LPM
1.454
0.727
0.485
0.363
0.29
0.243
0.208
0.182
0.363
2.882
1.411
0.941
0.706
0.564
0.471
-
4.234
2.117
1.411
1.058
0.847
-
1.52
5.08
8.89
12.7
25.4
40.64
43.18
50.80
55.89
5.08
10.16
25.4
40.64
45.72
50.8
-
12.7
25.4
38.1
50.8
53.34
-
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
0.002
0.008
0.018
0.032
0.05
0.072
0.098
0.128
0.162
Pressure drop correlated in mm H20
Graph of log correlated pressure drop vs log gas flow rate
log correlated pressure drop
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1.2
1LPM
2LPM
3LPM
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.4
log gas flow rate
Figure 4: Graph of log correlated pressure drop vs log gas flow rate
PERCENTAGE ERROR %
1LPM
Total correlated pressure drop = 243.38 mm H20
Total pressure drop = 117 mm H20
Percentage error , =
theoritical valueexperimental value

100
theoritical value
243.38117
100 =52
243.18
2LPM
Total correlated pressure drop = 177.8 mm H20

100
theoritical value
177.877
100 =56
177.8
3LPM
Total correlated pressure drop = 180.3mm H20

100
theoritical value
180.3104
100 =42
180.3
DISCUSSION
Based on the results obtained, the pressure drop in the dry packed column
increases as the air flow rate increased. These occur due to the air flow rate
increased results of increasing in resistance for the water to flows down the column
and give high pressure drop across the packing. From the results also shows the
pressure drop in the wet column is much higher than pressure drop in dry column.
This is because of the amount of space for gas flow is hindered by the liquid flowing
down the column. Gravitational pull forced water flows down and gas flows in
counter-current direction. The packing column functions as providing contact for air
and water.
In this experiment required to plot graph of pressure drop against air flow
rate in graph. The flow parameter shows the ratio of liquid kinetic energy to vapour
kinetic energy and parameter of K 4 or y-axis needs and x-axis or FLV can be
calculated by using these formulae:
G2y F P 0.1
Gx
x
g c ( x y ) y G y
y
x y
Then those values can use to generalize correlation for pressure drop in
packed column in chart shows in Appendix. Theoretical generalized correlation
charts show that the high flow parameters are typical of high liquid rates and high
pressure drop. However, by looking at both of graph, it shows difference of value
pressure drop in theoretical and experimental. Percentage error of pressure drop in
1LPM is 52%, 2LPM is 56% and 3LPM is 42%. These errors might be due to minor
leaking when the experiment is being carried out. Minor leaking will affect the flow
rate of both water and air thus affecting the pressure drop.
When the gas flow rate increased, pressure drop increased and some of the
water will trapped in packing. Later, the water from bottom will increase until the
highest level and this will results in flooding. Flooding point is the highest point for
each line in the graph of pressure against gas flow rate. When this happen, the
process can be no longer be conducted because there is too much liquid
entrainment. The flooding points occur at 120 L/min in 2 LPM and 100 L/min in
3LPM.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the pressure drop will increase when the gas flow increased at
constant water flow rate of 1LPM to 3LPM. The resistance to of water flows down the
column due to the increasing water flow rate. The same principle is applied for the
theoretical value based on the pressure drop correlation charts as well as the
experimental value. However, there are some errors made while conducting the
experiment which leads to different value of pressure drops.
RECOMMENDATION
There are some recommendations that should be taken account into to
ensure the experiment to become more accurate:
The valve controlling the level of water flowing back to the water reservoir
should be constantly checked so that we can get a better reading
Make sure all the valves are closed before using the column so that the
experiment runs smoothly
Make sure the gas and liquid flow rates were constant at that particular flow
rate
Give the experiment some more time before the results are taken
REFERENCES
Gas Liquid Absorption retrieved http://iitb.vlab.co.in/?

sub=8&brch=116&sim=951&cnt=1
Gas Absorption Lab Manual
Principle of Gas Absorption retrieved from

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie50180a002
Packed column-column diameter retrieved

fromhttp://www.separationprocesses.com/Absorption/GA_Chp04a.htm
Figure and table for mass transfer image , retrieved from

http://www.reviewpe.com/penotes/distil/R_distil.htm
APPENDIX

Gas Absorbtion

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Gas Absorbtion

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ABSTRACT

In absorption process, packing materials play an important role as it provide

Figure 1 : Graph of relationship between pressure drop and gas flow

F p =900 m1 ( packing factor )

Densities : Density of water , x =996

Density of air , y =1.175 kg/m

Figure 2: Gas Absorption Unit

All gas connection was checked so that it is properly fitted.

The power for control panel was turned on.

General Shut-Down Procedures:

The pump P1 was switched off.

The valves V1, V2, and V12 were closed.

The shut-off valve was closed on the CO2 gas cylinder.

The power for the control was turned off.

Experiment: Hydrodynamics of a Packed Column ( Wet Column Pressure

The general start-up procedure was performed.

Valve V3 was closed.

Pressure drop (mm H20)

Graph of log pressure drop vs log gas flow rate

log pressure drop

log gas flow rate

Densities : Density of water , x =996 kg/m3

Water viscosi ty , x =960 kg/ms

THEORETICAL FLOODING POINT

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

At 120L/min water flow rate

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

At 160L/min water flow rate

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

At 120L/min water flow rate

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

Gl X min 1000 L 60 s 966 kg /m

To calculate Gy, gas flow rate,

To calculate Gx, liquid flow rate,

Pressure drop correlated in mm H20

Graph of log correlated pressure drop vs log gas flow rate

log correlated pressure drop

log gas flow rate

theoritical valueexperimental value

theoritical valueexperimental value

theoritical valueexperimental value

Gas Liquid Absorption retrieved http://iitb.vlab.co.in/?

Gas Absorption Lab Manual

Principle of Gas Absorption retrieved from

Packed column-column diameter retrieved

Figure and table for mass transfer image , retrieved from

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