Report Assignment 2 Group 9

UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
Anti Rust Product
Report Assigment 2
GROUP 9
GROUP PERSONEL
Akbar Hasani (1106053016)
Ikhwan Muttaqin (1106010925)
Mohammad Sofa Khodi (1106068453)
Mutiara Kartini (1106000275)
Ria Kusuma Dewi (1106005396)
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK 2014
CONTENT
COVER
CONTENT
PICTURE LIST
TABLE LIST
CHAPTER V GENERATING CONCEPT
5.1 Background Of Ideas
5.2 Problem Decomposition
5.3 Existing Ideas Concept
5.4 New Ideas Concept
5.4.1 Anti Rut Product Principle
5.4.2 Anti Rust Product Form
5.4.3 Desired Criteria for Packaging
5.5 Combination of New and Existing Concept
i
ii
iii
iv
1
1
4
5
8
8
10
12
12
CHAPTER VI CONCEPT SELECTION

6.1 Concept Screening
6.1.1 Preparing the Matrix of Concept Idea Selection
6.1.2 Determining rate of The Concept
6.1.3 Ranking The Concepts
6.1.4 Combining and Improving The Concept Ideas
6.1.5 Choosing One Concept idea or More
6.1.6 Rechecking The Result
6.2 Concept Scoring
6.2.1 Prepare Metric Concept Selection
6.2.2 Rate The Concept
6.2.3 Rank The Concept
6.2.4 Combine and Improved The Concept
6.3 Concept Testing
6.3.1 Determining The Purpose From Concept Testing
6.3.2 Determining The Survey Population
6.3.3 Determining The Survey Format
6.3.4 Communicating The Product Concept
6.3.5 Calculating The Customer Respond
6.4 Product Description
6.4.1 Product Position
6.4.2 Final Spesification of Product Design
16
16
18
20
22
22
22
23
23
26
26
26
26
30
30
30
31
31
31
32
32
35
CHAPTER VII CONCLUSION
36
REFERENCES
37
ii
PICTURE LIST
Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation

Figure 5.2 Existing Concept Product Mind Mapping
Figure 5.3 Mind Map of New Concept Generate
Figure 5.4 Combination of New and Existing Product
Figure 6.1.Mind Map of Idea Selection
Figure 6.2 Target Survey Background
Figure 7.1 Perceptual Mapping of New Anti-Rust Product
iii
1
7
15
15
30
31
35
TABLE LIST
Tabel 5.1 Product Properties

Table 5.2 Composition of Anti Rust Product
Table 5.3 Concept Description
Table 5.4 Anti rust product Principle
Table 5.5 Anti rust product Principle Composition
Table 5.6 New Concept Generated For Anti Rust Product
Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts)
Table 6.2.Concept Idea Selection
Table 6.3. Selection Criteria for Concept Screening
Table 6.4.Concept Screening
Table 6.5.Ranking of the Concepts
Table 6.6.Chosen Concept Ideas
Table 6.7 Re-expanded Screened Concepts Table
Table 6.8 Concept Scoring
iv
2
4
6
10
12
14
17
19
20
21
22
23
24
27
CHAPTER V
CONCEPT GENERATION
5.1 Background of Ideas

Based on previous chapter, we have identified the list of needs by
interviewing 60 respondent from different job. Mostly, consumer want an anti rust
product that have long time protectionand other good values of environmetally
effect. After knowing the consumer needs and desire through interview and some
information from literature, it is conclude that there are still some improvement
which should be done in order to anti rust product for automotive and home
appliance using. According to the needs, we are going to generate new concept
which will later on be evaluated, screened, scored and chosen. Therefore, the
concept are formulated to fulfill those needs. The process of determining the idea
and design concept consists of some stages using the methods described in the
figure below.
Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation

(Sumber : Ulrich,2004)
1
Universitas Indonesia
Figure 5.1 describe about the concept generation process, which the first step
is clarify the problem. It is mostly essential to know what is the main problem of
making an anti rust product which can compete with an existing product. In this
step, we also decompose the problem into point of proble, so it will be easy for us
to indentify the problem. After knowing the problem, we should search hints for
finding related solution by searching externally and internally. After that, we must
explore systematically what is the concept combination from identifying the
internally and externally solution. Then, just reflect on the solution and the
process in the end of this chapter. Look back to the step one, evaluate and create
the new product concepts.
Based on introduction above, the next step we should do is generating
concept, but before generating them, we must know the first goal of an anti rust
product. This table below describe about the Anti Rust Products Properties.
Tabel 5.1 Product Properties
NO
PRODUCT PROPERTIES
Increase the time of protection
Increase the quality of lubricating the metal
Removing rust from the metal
Is easy to use
Has high viscosity to stay on object
Is composed glossy compound in giving glossy effect
Is eco-friendly
Has no side effect in using the product
Is odorless
10
Is without flammable compound
11
Is affordable but convincing price
From list of properties above, we want to have a product that have

spesification such as describe below :
(1) Multifunctionality and eco-friendly content to reducing the side effect of
using the anti rust product
(2) Is easy to use with simple packaging but completely double seal protection
(3) Processes with high absorbtion technology
These key goals of our product is defined by issue which coming from
consumer in the society of using anti rust product. The complains of the
consumers are leading to those three above, especially the first and second one.
Thus, we are focusing on the first and second requirement to fulfill the needs of
consumer. Mostly of consumer want a natural product to minimalize the using of
petroleum as shown on existing product, some of them said that the utilizing of
natural material was better choise if we want consider the environment side effect.
The second requirement is packaged by double seal protection as the complains of
consumer which said that the packaging of existing product are not too simple to
use and actually cause gook in the surface of metal. And the last most requirement
is processed by high absorbtion technology in order to deliver the long time
protection.
After describe the main requirement as above, next step to make it clearly, we
also describe what material we want to use to enhance the function of our anti rust
product. As mentioned in assignment 1, we want use tanin as main content
which come from gambir. Gambir is plant which contain of organic and
anorganic compound and inside of the compound contain of cluster which have
free paired electrons such as tanin, katechin, pyrocatecol, florisin, lilin, and fixed
oil. In this case, we wantto use the tanin as organic inhibitor because tanin have
specific properties like water soluble, contains of fenol with OH cluster, moth
proof and able to bind the heavy metal.
Tanin compound is polyfenol compound which can form complex disoluble
with the metal. The complex which is formed will be adsorp of the metal surface
in such away that can obstruct corrosion rate. Besides, we no longer include the
raw material and other chemical factor as part of concept generation. As
mentioned in the paragraph before that we focus on the content, form, and the way
intake of our product as the concept and use selection criterias that differenciate
the concepts based on the fact that the biggest issue for such product is the
multifunctionality and eco friendly content, wether intake or not.
Therefore, we clarify about the spesific composition of our anti rust product
is as following.
Table 5.2 Composition of Anti Rust Product
No
Substance
Tanin
Solvent
Acetat Acid
Palm Oil
Parfume Agent
Whereas all concepts generated and selected later on are able to and must
possess this specific composition to have the right and effective function.
Nevertheless, the true specifications and doses for our product will be declared
once and for all in the next chapter, in the process of specification formulation
(manufacturing).
5.2 Problem Decomposition

After we seeing background of this product design, we should know the
problem decompostion which explain what the problem is must be solved. By
understanding the problem decomposition, we can make a great concept to
compete them and take over the market. As we knew, a concept of a product
consists of the way or the mechanism of its work and also the form of the product.
Splitting (decomposing) step aims to break theunderlying theme of product
design into sub-problems to be more simple and easy for developing it. In
addition, the splitting also aims to analyze the sub-function of prime problem
statement. Here is the problem decomposition which is listed by some questions
born from the problem breakdown.
a. Could the anti rust product is formulated as multifunctionality which has

preventing, lubricating, and also removing the rust in the surface of metal?
b. Could we enhance the anti rust product effectively has better long time
protection?
c. Could the anti rust product have odorless specification when it is sprayed
into the metal?
d. How to make anti rust product with affordable price but high quality, not
only on the function but also the packaging?
e. What the composition of natural contains which is lacked for making the
eco friendly anti rust product?
f. How to make the anti rust product is easily to use?
g. What ingredient which can be used to create a non flammable anti rust
product?
h. How to make an anti rust product which affect the surface of metal
become more glossy?
From splitting the main problem into sub-problems above, the next step to
be done is the development and discovery of ideas related to the theme of the
product design Multifunctionality and Eco-Friendly Anti Rust Product in order to
obstructing the corossion rate that also easily to use and has long term protection
to the metal by referring to the ideas in existing product combined with new
ideas that do not exist at all or are still in the development stage.
5.3 Existing Ideas Product

After we seeing the sub problem which is derived from the big problem, we
should know the main concept of existing product which has position in the
market. By understanding the idea of competitor product, we can make a great
concept to compete them and take over the market. As we knew, a concept of a
product consists of the way or the mechanism of its work and also the form of the
product.
Table 5.3 Concept Description
No
Product
Kind of
Concept Description
Concept
1
WD 40
Working
High Absorption method on metal surface
Principle
Form protective wall between dew and

metal
Shape
Material and
Using
2
Valugard
Spray form
Petroleum material based
Moving metal using
Working
Atomized system process in preventing
Principle
rust
Corrosion resistant material which coating
and protecting metal surface
Shape
Material and
KrownT40
Semi viscous aerosol form

Oil material based
Using
Moving and non moving using
Working
Using inverta spray technology
Principle
Protect metal by forming barrier
Shape
Material and
Using
Aerosol form
Petroleum based
No solvent or toxins
Non moving using
Noverox
Working
Spraying and painting principle
Principle
Reacting chemically with rust and form

solid black layer by coating
Shape
Material and
Using
Fluid/liquid form
No toxins which cause pollution
Epoxy resin based
Moving and non moving using
Table 5.3 Concept Description (continued)
No
5
Product
Desi Pak
Kind of Concept
Working Principle
Concept Description
High
absorbtion
process
in
protecting metal form rust

Protecting metal by reducing the
moisture
Shape
Solid form
Material and Properties Non volatile properties

Non flammable principle
Using
Oxides based
Non moving using
From the table,we can describe the existing concept by mind mapping model.
Mind mapping use to explain the brief concept in the simple form and easy to
understand. In terms of usage and usefulness function, an anti rust product that is
being developed has other functions that can not be obtained from existing anti
rust product Here is a mind map of existing anti rust product.
Figure 5.2 Existing Concept Product Mind Mapping
5.4 New Concept

5.4.1 Anti Rust Product Principle
Anti rust product should to prevent the metal from corrosion processes.
There is many kind of working principle that can implemented for anti rust
product. The concept of working principle is shown on table below.
Table 5.4 Anti rust product Principle
Category
Concept
Chemical Principle
Working Principle
Physical Principle
Mechanical Principle
Biological Ptinciple
Description
complex bonding
Corrosion Inhibitor
Catalytic processes
Absorbtion
Adsorption
Layering
Coating
Wrapping
Microorganisme
Chemical Principle
Chemical principle is a principle with reaction methode. Anti rust
product with this principle will add some material that can block the
corrosion attack on the metal. Material anti rust product can make
complex bonding with the metal ion or air component so the corrosion
will be reduced. Catalytic process can break the bonding from steam on
the air or hidrogen bonding.
Physical Principle
Physical principle is principle with physic methode witout any reaction.
Absorption and adsoption is the examples for this principle that can
implemented. The air component can be fixated by the component that
has absorption or adsorption ability.
Mechanical Principle
Mechanical principle is a principle with mechanical methode like
wrapping, layering and coating. Thereis no reaction in this methode. The
preventive is doneb y mechanical activity
Some ingredients to apply the working principle, there are:

A. Tannin Extract
To prevent corrosion process, we can applying a material that increase
corrosion resistance. That material is called Corrosion Inhibitor. There is a lot
of Corrosion Inhibitor, but much of them is expensive, toxic, chemical
syntheis, and non-eco friendly. The alternative for this problem is using
tannin extract as corrosion inhibitor. Tannin extract contain N,O,P,S and
atoms with free electrons. Tannin can be ligan which can bond with metal
component to make a comlex bond. Tannin is a polyfhenol macromolecul that
can make a complex bonding wit metal ion. The production complex bonding
between tannin and metal ion is the reason why tannin can be use as corrosion
resistance.
The advantageous from using tannin extract is
Non toxic material
Natural material from many kind of plant. Tannin can be extract

from gambir which is widespread in sumatra island, especially in
west sumatra.
Good inhibitor corrosion
Can be extract by water as the solvent
Tannin can bond the metal ion. That bonding can make glossy
efffext in the surface of the metal.
B. Acetate Acid
Corrosion process is the metal oxidation reaction. To remove
corrosion in metal, we can add reductor to the rust. The reductor is a acid.
Although the acid is a factor that can make corrosion, but we can add
slightly the acid and weak acid to our product as a removing agent of
rust. We use Acetate acid as rust removing agent. Acetate acid can react
with metal oxida where the oxida bond between metal and oxygen will
unbound, then the metal ion will bond with acetate. The bonding between
acetate and metal ion will produce metal salt. The salt will solve easily
with water or by atmosfer.
C. Palm Oil Lubricant
10
Much of lubricants is petroleum based, mineral oil or synthetic oil

which is dangerous for some reason. To reach a eco friendly product, our
group is proposed a product is formed by a safe material, that is palm oil
as lubricant. Palm oil is one of the vegetables oil. Palm oil has some
advantageous as lubricant, that is
Better endurance when it using
More stay on object
Safe and eco frienly material

The palm oil has the disadvantegous that easy to oxidation. But it
is not a big problem, because we can mix the product with some
antioxidation agent, like butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated
hydroxytoluene (BHT), propil galat (PG), andtert-butyl hydroquinone
(TBHQ) (Madhavi et al., 1995).
D. Fragrance
The other problem from existing product is bad odor. We plan to add
some fragrance to make the odor to be better. Many kind of fragrance
that can be added to the new anti rust product.
5.5.2 Anti Rust Product Form
Table 5.5 Anti rust product Principle Composition
Category
Concept
Gas
Shape / Form
Liquid
Solid
Description
Aerosol
Spray
Viscous
Gel
moth-Ball
Plastic
A. Aerosol
Anti rust product with aerosol form has the advantageous, that are
Easy of use, it is can be used for anytime and anywhere
Aerosol form will packaged with good packaging and

hermetic, so the contain will safe from impurities.
11
We can operate the product by press the button spray, so we

dont need to touch the metal (object) or the anti rust product
that can make mess in our hand.
With good ejector from the package, the spray will spread
effectively to the object
Accurate dosage on the object
Clean process
After using, the product can be closed and can be used for the
next time
Can be used for the narrow place or focus to the point
B. Viscous
Anti rust product with viscous form has the advantageous, that are
Easy to use
More efficient because spread evenly on the metal depend on

how we use the product
Can be used for wide place
Because it is viscous, so the product will more stay on object
C. Solid
Anti rust product with solid form has the advantageous, that are
Easy to use
More long last than other form
Can be used anywhere
Can be used for wide area
D. Gel
Anti rust product with solid form has the advantageous, that are
Easy to use
Most stay on object because it is so viscous
Can be used for narrow place and wide place
It is efficient because apply evenly on the metal depend on

how we use the product
Accurate dosage on the object
12
5.5.3
Desired Criteria for Packaging

Criterias of packaging that are desired for anti rust product
development are :
Double Seal Protection, this criteria is made to make a product

without leak so make it safer and less contamination
Attach small pipe/channel, some product is equipped with a

small pipe as a channel to spray concentrically on some point of
the object. But it equipped separately, not unite or attached on
the packaging, so we plan to attach the small pipe or channel as
one of the packaging.
Water and air proof packaging, water and air is contain many
contaminant. So we have to make the packaging with water and
air proof
Product with medium size packaging. Many customer feel that

the existing product size is too big and too small. So we make it
in medium size.
Packaging is biodegradable
5.5 Combining New and Existing Ideas

In concept generation, emerging ideas are being developed without any
restrictions or scientific logic. This step is done by combining a new concept to
the existing concept available in the market. Concept development can be done
using the concept tree (mind-map). This method is able to facilitate the
development by branching to the previous concept.
Before the concept generation, anti rust product criterias are set out in the
concept of new products. They are :
Anti rust product is contain eco friendly material
Anti rust product with many function, like lubricate, prevent and
remove rust
Anti rust product with good packaging and characteristic
Anti rust product has good performance for moving part
13
Development of the concept idea is based on the results of market analysis in

needs interpretation. Based on market analysis, customers use the product for
prevent their expensive thing from corrosion and spare part of motorcycle and
also car. According to the complaint from customer about existing product, the
anti rust product is expensive, bad odor, and bothersome packaging.
Existing product is also dominated by petroleum based which is dangerous
for customer who use it. Much from anti rust product petroleum based is toxic,
flameable, non eco friendly, hard to degradation, and dangerous. So, the new
product with safe material is needed for customer. Some natural material is can be
composer of anti rust product composition, like tannin, acetate acid, natural
fragrance and palm oil. In fact, natural material not always worse than chemical or
synthetic material. The main material of anti rust product is the material has
corrosion resistance, corrosion inhibitor. Many corrosion inhibitor that can be
found, but much of them is chemical synthetic or petroluem based. But, still there
is natural organic corrosion inhibtor, that is tannin. We use tannin as corrosion
inhibitor. Tannin is preference to make complex bonding with metal. This
bonding will make corrosant hard to attack the metal, so the corrosion rate will
decrease. Tannin-metal bonding also make glossy effect on the surface so make
the metal look washed off (spick).
Much of the customer didnt know the function of anti rust product exacly.
They use it for any problem in metal item. Like the wrecking sound in switch of
door, applying bolt and moor, and many other. So, the multifunction anti rust
product is needed and a good idea for designed prodcut.
Customer also complaint abou the packaging. Many of them is too lazy to
apply the product on their item because the packaged is bothersome and difficult.
the most problem is the stuck of ejjector and the packaging is make mess arround
item also their hand. So, we need make a better packaging which is easy to use
anywhere and anytime and dont need to touch the metal (object) or the anti rust
product that can make mess in our hand and item.
After determining the criteria that must be present in the new concept of an
anti rust prodcut, the next step is to make the concept tree as shown below.
Concept tree is made for generating concept ideas to meet the possibilities of
14
products that consumers needs. Combined concept which is resulted in concept

generation can be seen on the table.
Table 5.6 New Concept Generated For Anti Rust Product
Concept Number
Shape
Concept Generated
Principle
Adv
Complex Bonding
Corrosion Inhibitor
Catalytic Processes
Layering
Absorbtion
Microorganisme
Complex Bonding
Corrosion Inhibitor
Catalytic Processes
Layering
11
coating
12
Absorbtion
13
Microorganisme
14
complex bonding
15
Corrosion Inhibitor
16
Catalytic processes
17
Absorbtion
Adsorption
19
Layering
20
Coating
21
Wrapping
22
23
Microorganisme
complex bonding
V
-
24
Corrosion Inhibitor
25
Catalytic processes
Absorbtion
27
Adsorption
28
Layering
29
Coating
30
Microorganisme
Absorbtion
V
-
Corrosion Inhibitor
3
4
10
18
26
Aerosol
Spray
Viscous
Gel
31
32
Mouth Ball
33
Microorganisme
34
Complex Bonding
wrapping
V
-
35
Plastic
15
Figure 5.3 Mind Map of New Concept Generate
After making the mind map of new concept generate, then we make the
combination of new concept generate and the existing idea concept as below :
Figure 5.4 Combination of New and Existing Product
CHAPTER 6
CONCEPT SELECTION
After collecting new concept ideas of anti-rust product, we can go further to

do the concept selection process. Concept selection process is conducted by the
idea development based on consumer needs analysis. This process has three
stages, there are: concept screening, concept scoring, and concept testing whereas
concept generation has been discussed in the previous chapter. These three stages
are expected to produce the best concept that can be implementedfor new anti-rust
product. Concept screening and concept scoring will eliminate irrelevant concepts
and develop the concept in order to obtain the right concept, while concept testing
will test the chosen concept whether this concept will be accepted in the market or
not.
6.1 Concept Screening
The first stage in concept selection is concept screening. Concept screening is
a stage to select the concept idea to reduce and restrict all the concept ideas
properly and improve the concept ideas. This stage is aimed to make the ideas of
concept will be exactly better or at least narrower with the existing products.
Concept screening is first developed by Start Pugh in 1980 which was thought to
be a selecting method and called Pugh Concept Selection. According to Pugh,
concept screening consists of several strategies, such as:
Scientific maturity
Selection of good design based onthe knowledgethat we have learned.
Engineering ease
Selection of good design based on the existing engineering knowledge.
Minimum risk
Selection of good design based on the risk of product. A good product
causes minimum risk.
Low cost
Selection of good design based on the cost. Low cost is always good, but it
must give benefit.
Safe
16
17
Selection of good design based on the safety study.

Low environmental impact
Selection of good design based on the impact to environment. A good
product must give a low impact to our environment.
The first stage of the screening process is eliminating some of the concepts
based on the scientific and analysis growing market today. In concept generation,
we get 35 concepts. But, in screening process we only give several concepts to be
screened. From generation process to screening process, we eliminated the ideas
based on consideration in several aspects. It can be seen in the table below.
Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts)
Concept
Number
Concept Generated
Adv.
Form
Principle
Reason for Eliminating

Concept
Aerosol
Complex Bonding
Aerosol
Corrosion Inhibitor
Aerosol
Catalytic Processes
Aerosol
Layering
Aerosol
Absorption
Hard to be implemented
Aerosol
Microorganism
Difficult to manufacture
Spray
Complex Bonding
Spray
Corrosion Inhibitor
Spray
Catalytic Processes
10
Spray
Layering
11
Spray
Coating
12
Spray
Absorption
13
Spray
Microorganism
14
Viscous
Complex bonding
15
Viscous
Corrosion Inhibitor
16
Viscous
Catalytic processes
17
Viscous
Absorption
18
Viscous
Adsorption
19
Viscous
Layering
20
Viscous
Coating
21
Viscous
Wrapping
22
Viscous
Microorganism
23
Gel
Complex bonding
18
Table 6.1.First Stage of Concept Screening (Eliminated Concepts) (Continued)
Concept
Number
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Concept Generated
Adv.
Form
Principle
Gel
Gel
Gel
Gel
Gel
Gel
Gel
Moth Ball
Moth Ball
Moth Ball
Moth Ball
Corrosion Inhibitor
Catalytic processes
Absorption
Adsorption
Layering
Coating
Microorganism
Absorption
Corrosion Inhibitor
Microorganism
Complex Bonding
Wrapping
Plastic
O
F
F
V
V
V
F
Reason for Eliminating

Concept
Cannot be implemented
After eliminating the concepts, we have less concepts to go to the next stage
of concept screening. The concept generation is reduced to 16 concept ideas as
seen in Table 6.2. In second stage of concept screening, that concept will be
compare with existing product (concept screening second stage) and will be
eliminated if the concept is not better than the reference. Existing product which is
used in this comparation is WD-40 that has aerosol form and works in corrosion
inhibitor principle.
Second stage of screening concept for 16 concepts consists of several
stages.They are :
6.1.1 Preparing the matrix of concept idea selection
Matrix of concept idea selection consists of columns that contain
concept ideas and the criteria of selection. The concept ideas then will be
benchmarked with reference of concept according to the selection criteria
decided by the group.The selection criteria must be chosen properly to
distinguish it with other concept ideas. Meanwhile, reference concept is a
group of ideas of concept that becomes reference as comparison with other
products. Reference concept is a group of familiar concept ideas which can be
in the form of commercial product in the market or the early beginning of the
19
similar products development.To make the matrix of concept screening, we

have to choose the selection criteria from list of needs. List of selection that is
marked as selection criteria will be the needs considered really necessary.
Here is the table of selection criteria:
Table 6.2.Concept Idea Selection
Concept Generated
Concept Number
Form
Working Principle
Aerosol
Complex Bonding
Aerosol
Corrosion Inhibitor
Aerosol
Layering
Spray
Complex Bonding
Spray
Corrosion Inhibitor
Spray
Coating
Spray
Absorption
Viscous
Complex bonding
Viscous
Corrosion Inhibitor
10
Viscous
Coating
11
Gel
Complex bonding
12
Gel
Corrosion Inhibitor
13
Gel
Absorption
14
Gel
Coating
15
Moth Ball
Absorption
16
Moth Ball
Corrosion Inhibitor
20
Figure 6.1.Mind Map of Idea Selection
After making the mind map of idea solution, we should make a selection
criteria for concept screening such as the table below:
Table 6.3. Selection Criteria for Concept Screening
No.
Selection Criteria
1.
Quality of corrosion prevention
2.
Lifetime of protection
3.
Ability to remove corrosion
4.
Ability to lubricate
5.
Practical in use
6.
Safety in use
7.
Easy to Manufacture
8.
Manufacture cost
6.1.2 Determining rate of the concepts

Rating in the matrix will consist of three types rating, which are:
+ : showing the ideas of concept are better than reference concept
: showing the ideas of concept are worse than reference concept
: showing the ideas of concept are as well as reference concept

This rating (relative value) of the concepts represents how each idea of
concept compared to the relative concept based on a certain criteria
21
Table 6.4.Concept Screening
No
Criteria
Reference
Concept
1
10
11
12
1.
Quality of prevention
2.
3.
Ability to remove corrosion
13
14
15
16
4.
5.
Practical in use
6.
Safety in use
7.
Easy to Manufacture
8.
Manufacture cost
Number of 0
Number of +
Number of -
Total
-2
-3
-1
-1
-4
-7
-3
-7
-4
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
Decision
22
6.1.3 Ranking the concepts

After giving rate to each concept ideas,sum all of rating of ideas to be
net score by accumulating the values counted for the minus rating (worse) and
plus rating (better). After finishing counting the score, ideas of concept will be
sorted and ranked according to the net score of each concept. The concept idea
with highest net score will be ranked number one and, second highest concept
idea will be ranked number two, and so on.
Table 6.5.Ranking of the Concepts
Rank
1
2
3
Form
Working Principle
Concept
Net Score
Aerosol
Complex Bonding
(1)
Spray
Complex Bonding
(4)
Viscose
Complex Bonding
(8)
Spray
Coating
(6)
Spray
Coating
(10)
Spray
Corrosion Inhibitor
(2)
Spray
Corrosion inhibitor
(5)
6.1.4 Combining and improving the concept ideas

Our group has to verify the result of rating and ranking to make sure
that the concepts are reasonable and make sense. We have to think about the
way to combine and fix several concepts. Moreover the combined concept
ideas can be reached with combining the concept ideas with the same value of
net score or combining concept ideas with better quality to the one having
worse quality. Then, those combined ideas will be selected again in the
scoring step. Besides that, the ideas of concept can be revised by modifying
the ideas of concept so that we can consider selecting them in the scoring step.
6.1.5 Choosing one concept idea or more
After our members are satisfied and understand the basic concept and
its relative quality, those concepts will be selected for revision and given an
advanced analysis. Based on the previous step, there will obtain the best and
the most promising concept idea.
23
We decided to choose the concept that has net value that greater than
the references net value, because in our opinion the most promising concept
idea is the idea with better quality than the existing product. Therefore, we
decided to choose the concept with net score greater than zero. There are the
following concept ideas that have been chosen by our group:
Table 6.6.Chosen Concept Ideas
No.
Form
Working Principle
Concept
1.
Aerosol
Complex Bonding
(1)
2.
Spray
Complex Bonding
(4)
3.
Viscose
Complex Bonding
(8)
4.
Spray
Coating
(6)
5.
Spray
Coating
(10)
6.1.6 Rechecking the result of concept ideas and the selection process
The last step is reviewing the result and the process on selecting the
ideas of concept in concept screening. Then, we have to recheck the score
related to the criteria stated before.
6.2 Concept Scoring
The next step after concept screening is the concept scoring. This step would
specify the ideas to get the best idea. In concept scoring, every selection criteria in
this step would have its weight factor. The weight factor is based on how
important the criteria. Concept idea that has the highest score would be chosen as
the best concept for new anti-rust product. Every rating would be multiplied with
its weight factor to get its score for each criteria.
Before we go further to the criteria, the next step is to re-expand the concept
from concept screening even further. The screened concept will be detailed by
giving each of the idea the material or ingredient that our team members want.
24
Table 6.7 Re-expanded Screened Concepts Table
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Form
Packaging
Aerosol
Double-seal protection
Spray
Spray
Lubricant
Principle
Ingredient
Additive
Complex
Bonding
Complex
pipe/channel
Bonding
Attached small
Complex
pipe/channel
Bonding
Tube
Viscose
Tube
Spray
Main
Attached small
Viscose
Spray
Working
Attached small
pipe/channel
Attached small
pipe/channel
Complex
Bonding
Tannin Extract
Tannin Extract
Epoxy Resin
Tannin Extract
Complex
Epoxy Resin
Bonding
Coating
Tannin Extract
Coating
Epoxy Resin
Viscose
Tube
Coating
Tannin Extract
Viscose
Tube
Coating
Epoxy Resin
Viscose
Tube
Coating
Teflon Powder
Concept
Palm oil
(1.1)
Coconut oil
(1.2)
Palm oil
(4.1)
Coconut oil
(4.2)
Palm oil
(4.3)
Coconut oil
(4.4)
Palm oil
(8.1)
Coconut oil
(8.2)
Palm oil
(8.3)
Coconut oil
(8.4)
Palm oil
(6.1)
Coconut oil
(6.2)
Palm oil
(6.3)
Coconut oil
(6.4)
Palm oil
(10.1)
Coconut oil
(10.2)
Palm oil
(10.3)
Coconut oil
(10.4)
Palm oil
(10.5)
Coconut oil
(10.6)
Selection and score criteria that we use in scoring concept for choosing best
concept for new anti-rust product are are :
a) Quality of corrosion prevention, weight factor = 16%.
Anti-rust products are emerged to the market and bought by costumer
because they have high quality of prevention of corrosion. Customer will
never buy the product if the product has low quality in this criteria.
b) Life time of protection, weight factor = 9%.
25
Longer prevention of corrosion is ,of course, will likely be chosen than the
product that has shorter prevention time.
c) Ability toremove corrosion, weight factor = 5%.
This criteria happen a system where in the spot the product will be applied
there is a preceding rust. Occasionally, costumer will encounter the
condition when they want to preserve their home appliance, tools etc. that
has already the rust in it.
d) Ability to lubricate, weight factor = 13%.
This criteria means that the product is not also prevent corrosion abut also
easy to lubricate especially in the moving part of machine to make it run
smoother. Its very essential to the product to have this criteria.
e) Practical in use, weight factor = 9%.
This criteria is interpreted as the packaging of the product. Because one
may feel the product is handy or ergonomic and the other do not, this
criteria.
f) Safety in use, weight factor = 9%.
This criteria describes the use of the product whether it is safe or not,
flammable or not, if it is opened and applied to the wanted place.
g) Natural Ingredients, weight factor = 13%.
Some customers has already thought that environment now in danger by a
lot chemical substance. They hope that there will be a product that has
minimum impact to the environment. This would be realistic if the
component of the anti-rust product come from natural ingredient.
h) Easy to Manufacture = 16%.
One of biggest consideration of generating and scraping off the idea is this
criteria, easy to manufacture. This will determine whether a product is
easy or difficult to be produced in mid to large scale. This criteria also
includes the material that is difficult or rare to be found and so expensive
or not. If the material of the product is so rare which makes it so
expensive, one can scrap it off.
26
i) Manufacture cost, weight factor 10%.

Producer will choose the concept which is easy manufactured because it
will decrease the production cost. By choosing the easy manufactured
concept, it will produce product concept which has lower cost production
so the product will have lower price in the market.
To do the concept scoring, it is the mechanism that must be done :
6.2.1
Prepare metric concept selection

Metric consists of selection criteria column, concept ideas, weight
factor and rating. Criteria in this metric are the same as criteria in concept
screening, but in detail one. Besides that, we can combine similar criteria into
one criteria.
After the criteria have been prepared, we give weight factor for each
criteria. Weight factor is based on ranking consumer needs, literature
information, and experts. Weight factor stated in percentage value
6.2.2
Rate the concepts

Rating the concept using this scoring:
1 : very poor compared to the reference
2 : worse than the reference
3 : same as reference
4 : better than the reference
5 : very good compared to the reference
6.2.3
Rank the concept

Before giving the ranking, we calculate the total score for each
concept. Total score is calculated by multiply weight factor with its rating.
Based on the total score, we sort the concept according its rank.
6.2.4
Combine and Improved the concept

Metric table of concept scoring for concepts that got in screening
process is shown in the following table.
27
Table 6.8 Concept Scoring
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
8.4
Weighted
Score
8.3
Rating
8.2
Weighted
Score
8.1
Weighted
Score
Rating
4.4
Rating
4.3
Weighted
Score
4.2
Weighted
Score
Rating
4.1
Rating
1.2
Weighted
Score
1.1
Rating
Weight
Reference
Concept
16%
0.48
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
9%
0.27
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
Ability to remove
corrosion
5%
0.15
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
13%
0.52
0.65
0.52
0.39
0.52
0.39
0.52
0.65
0.65
0.39
0.52
Practical in use
9%
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
Safety in use
9%
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
Natural ingredients
13%
0.39
0.52
0.52
0.39
0.52
0.39
0.39
0.52
0.52
0.39
0.39
Easy to
Manufacture
16%
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.48
Criteria
Quality of
corrosion
prevention
Lifetime of
protection
28
Table 6.8 Concept Scoring (continoued)
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
8.4
Weighted
Score
8.3
Rating
8.2
Weighted
Score
8.1
Weighted
Score
Rating
4.4
Rating
4.3
Weighted
Score
4.2
Weighted
Score
Rating
4.1
Rating
10%
1.2
Weighted
Score
Manufacture Cost
1.1
Rating
Criteria
Weight
Reference
Concept
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
3.31
Total
Rank
4.03
3.64
3.38
3.9
3.38
3.51
3.59
3.75
3.2
3.33
15
14
10
20
17

6.2
Criteria
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
10.6
Rating
10.5
Weighted
Score
10.4
Rating
10.3
Weighted
Score
10.2
Rating
10.1
Weighted
Score
6.4
Rating
6.3
Weight
6.1
Quality of corrosion
prevention
16%
0.64
0.62
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
0.64
9%
0.27
0.27
0.36
0.36
0.27
0.27
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
29
Criteria
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
Rating
Weighted
Score
10.6
Weighted
Score
10.5
Rating
10.4
Weighted
Score
10.3
Rating
10.2
Weighted
Score
10.1
Rating
6.4
Weighted
Score
6.3
Rating
6.2
Weight
6.1
Ability to remove
corrosion
5%
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
13%
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.65
0.65
0.39
0.39
0.52
0.52
Practical in use
9%
0.36
0.36
0.27
0.27
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.36
0.36
Safety in use
9%
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
Natural ingredients
13%
0.52
0.52
0.39
0.39
0.52
0.52
0.39
0.39
0.26
0.26
Easy to Manufacture
16%
0.64
0.64
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.64
0.48
0.64
Manufacture Cost
10%
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
Total
3.58
3.68
3.29
3.45
3.5
3.76
3.2
3.46
3.38
3.54
Rank
18
13
11
12
16
30
6.3 Concept Testing

After screening and scoringwe obtained the best concept of product. The
final step in selection concept is testing and developing the selected concept. As
for the description of products such as odor, color, and other specifications have
been discussed in the previous chapter. The purpose of testing is to get criticisms
and suggestions from consumers, so that the concept can be accepted by
consumers. This testing was conducted to potential consumer for this new
product. The steps in making concept testing are:
6.3.1
Determining the purpose from concept testing

The purpose of concept testing is to know what the customer responses
are towards our concept so it is appropriate with the customer

cust
needs. In
concept testing, we should give the specific question for the interviewee
about our concept. This specific question should cover the acceptance of the
customer to our products in every aspect, such as composition, performance,
packaging, and price.
6.3.2
Determining the survey population

The customer of anti-rust
anti rust product usually are householder and vehicle
users.
They use it to prevent the formation of rust on metal.
So the
potentially customer are householder and vehicle users because they often use
the anti-rust
rust product to protect their equipment such as fence, screwdriver,
motorcycle chain, and others equipment.
10%
35%
55%
Householder
Vehicle User
Workshop
Figure 6.1 Target Survey Background
Unive
ersitas Indonesia
31
6.3.3
Determining the survey format

To gain the information about the customer opinion usually use the
interview method. The new concept of anti-rust

rust product, use the interview
method as survey concept because by the interview method we can get the
interest of customer data and suggestions easily. The interview will be focus
on several questions and the
the question separated to several part such as
qualification, product description, purchase intensity, and comments from
customer to the new concept.
6.3.4
Communicating the product concept

The concept can be communicated in several ways. The common
ways are verbal

rbal description, picture 2D or 3D, sketch, storyboard, simulation,
video, interactive multimedia, and prototype.
The anti-rust
anti rust product use
verbal description to communicate the new concept to the customer. Reason

to choose this method is because this method
method can deliver the concept
effectively.
6.3.5
Calculating the customer respond

Surveys are done to 29 respondents. We asked them whether or not
will buy our product which is healthy and safety anti-rust

rust using tannin
extract.. The result can be seen in following
follow
chart.
7%3%
28%
10%
52%
I definitely buy it
I'll probably buy it
I doubt buying it
I probably won't buy it
I certainly won't buy

Figure 6.2 Total Potential anti rust product customer
Unive
ersitas Indonesia
32
The above chart illustrated that consumers will buy anti-rust product
in the form of aerosol with tannin extract. More tha 50% of our respondents
stated they will buy our product. People who are interested to buy this
product reasoned that anti - rust is more safety, healthy, and easy to use.
Another reason is that they prefer product that multifunction not only to
prevent corrosion but also to lubricate their tool or vehicle part. This result
shows that our product has good prospect in the market and so it is worth to
be developed.
6.4 Product Description

6.4.1
Product Positioning
In this section, our anti-rust product will be positioned with other
existing products by showing many advantages that our anti-rust product has.
Many advantages of our anti-rust product are :
a) The estimate of corrosion prevention time will be slightly longer than
one of the existing product such as WD-40. It can prevent corrosion in
the moving part of motorcycle up to 2- months, whereas WD-40 can
only protect the moving part up to two or three weeks. The reason
behind this ability is the corrosion inhibitor, that is tannin extract.This
advantage only exceed WD-40, while if its compared to Volugard, and
Krown T40, our anti-rust product is far below those product. Those
products has a life time up to five to ten years.
b) The ingredient is mostly from natural ingredient. The natural ingredients
are tannin and palm oil. Tannin extract as corrosion inhibitor can be
extracted from many plants, such as gambir. Another natural ingredient
is the lubricating additive, which is palm oil. This additive has function
to make the whole solution has higher viscosity but not so high so that it
can lubricate the moving part of motorcycle. This palm oil is categorized
as food-grade lubricating additive and can be produced in large scale
production, especially here in Indonesia. These natural ingredient are
good for our environment compared to the existing products, Volugard,
WD-40 and Krown T40, which still use petroleum-based ingredients.
33
So, in term of natural ingredients, our product win compared to the

existing products.
c) The packaging of our anti-rust product will be in an aerosol form with
double-seal protection. This packaging has advantage which is this
product will be very easy to use and applied in any moving part, even in
a difficult-to-reach part. This product will be so ergonomic or handy to
use. Double-seal protection of the product will protect the product inside
not to leak easily. This kind of packaging is different from any other
existing products , which just close spray-point with the lid.
d) This product will be easily to be manufactured because many ingredients
of this product come from commercial and abundant natural resources
especially here in Indonesia. Because of any other existing products
,Volugard, WD-40 and Krown T40, have ingredients based petroleum,
the manufactured process of those product will be so much difficult than
other product.
e) Because this product has ingredients from commercial and abundant
natural resources and easily to be manufactured, the manufacture cost of
this product will be much cheaper compared to the existing product. This
can make our anti-rust product cheap and inclusive to all society, bottom
to upper class. The proce of the product may exceed the price of WD-40,
but if we compare our product with Volugard and Krown T40, our
product will certainly win in price.
Position of our anti-rust product is compared with existing anti-rust
products can be seen with perceptual mapping that describes the existence of
these products relative to other anti-rust products.
34
Quality of corrosion
prevention
5
Manufacture Cost
3
2
Ability to remove
corrosion
Easy to Manufacture
Natural ingredients
Safety in use
WD 40
Valugard
Practical in use
Krown T40
Own
Figure 7.1. Perceptual Mapping of New Anti-Rust Product
There are nine things compared in the above perceptual mapping. First,if
the concept has really good in preventing the corrosion, the product will be
given 5 point. Second, the product must have long prevention time. If the
prevention time of the product is very long such as Valugard, the product will
be given 5 point. Third is ability to remove corrosion. This ability means that a
product when its applied in rust, it will react and remove with the existing rust.
If this ability is reached perfectly, the product will be given 5 point. Fourth is
easy to lubricate. This specification describes the product not only to prevent
corrosion but also to lubricate the moving part of motorcycle. If this
performance is very good, the product will be given 5 point. The fifth is
practical in use. If the product is handy, ergonomic and easy to use, the product
will be given 5 point, if not it will be given 2 or 3 point. Sixth is the safety of
the use of the product. The safety means when one uses the product, it will not
harm the user. If this criteria is reached, the product will be given 4 to 5 point.
Seventh is natural ingredients. If the product contain more than 85% natural
ingredient, it will be awarded 4 to 5 point. Eight is easy to manufacture. When
a factory make the product, the difficulty of the product is one of the concern.
If its very easy to be manufactured, the product will be given 5 point. The last
is manufacture cost. The manufacture cost mean how much money thats spent
on making the product. If its very cheap, the product will be awarded 5 point.
35
6.4.2
Final Specification of Product Design
A. Ingredient of Anti-Rust Product

Most of the ingredients of this product come from natural resources.
Main ingredient for this product is Tannin extract which acts as corrosion
inhibitor. The tannin extract comes from many plants such as gambirplant, tea, coffee, apple, etc. To make the product easily to lubricate, the
product will be combined with palm oil as lubricating additive. The exact
value of mass each ingredient will be research further.
B. Product Characterication
The anti-rust product will have flash point above the regulation (38oC).
One of the reason is that the flash point of the palm oil is 308oC, very
safety to use. If its combined with tannin and other ingredients, it cannot
below the flash point in regulation. The natural ingredients of our anti-rust
product will make it safety and very eco-friendly for our environment, not
damaging soil and organism around. Before using our anti-rust product,
one must shake intensively to make sure the composition of the product
mixed well.
CHAPTER VII
CONCLUSION
1. The goal of this product development is make a new anti rust product that
more effective to prevent corrosion.
2. For our new concept anti rust product, we use natural raw material for main
ingredient. The ingredient is Tannin. Recent study said that it can prevent
corrosion because it can form the complex bonding with metal then reduce the
corrosion rate.
3. New anti rust product concept has multifunction. It combines with palm oil.
So, this anti rust product not only prevent corrosion but also lubricate the
moving parts.
4. The new anti rust product will be packaged in double seal protection. It will
give the safety when using this anti rust product.
36
REFERENCES
Anonim. 2000. WD-40 Anti Rust Protection. www.WD40Company.com
(accessed February 18th 2014)
Anonim.
2002.
Krown
Aerosol
Product.
http://www.krown.com/products/aerosol-products/t40-rust-inhibitor-lubricant/
(accessed February 18th 2014)
Anonim.
2000.
Noverox
MSDS.
http://www.viba.nl/files/msds/vib0001255.pdf (accessed February 18th 2014)

Anonim.
2003.
Corrosion
Definition
and
Methods.
http://www.efcweb.org/Working+Parties/WP+Corrosion+Education/Definition+o
f+Corrosion.html(accessed February 19th 2014)
Anonim.
2003.
Corrosion
Mechanisms
and
Principles.
http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/Principles/mechanism.htm (accessed February

19th 2014)
Anonim. 2004. Types of Corrosion.
http://metals.about.com/od/metallurgy/a/Types-Of-Corrosion.htm (accessed
February 18th 2014).
Anees. U. Malik et al. 2009. Electrochemical Studies on the Corrosion
Behaviorof Conventional and High Alloy Steels inGulf Seawater. Research And
Development Center Volume 344, Issue 10, 6 July 2009, Pages 11901196.
37

Report Assignment 2 Group 9

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Report Assignment 2 Group 9

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA

Anti Rust Product

DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA

CHAPTER VI CONCEPT SELECTION

CHAPTER VII CONCLUSION

Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation

Tabel 5.1 Product Properties

5.1 Background of Ideas

Figure 5.1 Steps in Concept Generation

Tabel 5.1 Product Properties

Increase the time of protection

Increase the quality of lubricating the metal

Removing rust from the metal

Has high viscosity to stay on object

Is composed glossy compound in giving glossy effect

Has no side effect in using the product

Is without flammable compound

Is affordable but convincing price

From list of properties above, we want to have a product that have

5.2 Problem Decomposition

a. Could the anti rust product is formulated as multifunctionality which has

5.3 Existing Ideas Product

Table 5.3 Concept Description

High Absorption method on metal surface

Form protective wall between dew and

Atomized system process in preventing

Semi viscous aerosol form

Moving and non moving using

Using inverta spray technology

Protect metal by forming barrier

Spraying and painting principle

Reacting chemically with rust and form

Table 5.3 Concept Description (continued)

protecting metal form rust

Material and Properties Non volatile properties

Figure 5.2 Existing Concept Product Mind Mapping

5.4 New Concept

Some ingredients to apply the working principle, there are:

Non toxic material

Natural material from many kind of plant. Tannin can be extract

Good inhibitor corrosion

Can be extract by water as the solvent

Much of lubricants is petroleum based, mineral oil or synthetic oil

Better endurance when it using

More stay on object

Safe and eco frienly material

Easy of use, it is can be used for anytime and anywhere

Aerosol form will packaged with good packaging and

We can operate the product by press the button spray, so we

Accurate dosage on the object

Can be used for the narrow place or focus to the point

More efficient because spread evenly on the metal depend on

Can be used for wide place

Because it is viscous, so the product will more stay on object

More long last than other form

Can be used anywhere

Can be used for wide area

Most stay on object because it is so viscous

Can be used for narrow place and wide place

It is efficient because apply evenly on the metal depend on

Accurate dosage on the object

Desired Criteria for Packaging

Double Seal Protection, this criteria is made to make a product

Attach small pipe/channel, some product is equipped with a