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type transformer.
Carlos Ortiz*, Adam Skorek*, Michel Lavoie**, Pierre Benard***
*Dpartement de gnie lectrique
**Dpartement de gnie logiciel
Universit du Qubec Trois-Rivires cole de Technologie Suprieure de Montral
Laboratoire de nanothermie
mlavoie@ele.etsmtl.ca
carlos_ortiz@uqtr.uquebec.ca
adam_skorek@uqtr.uquebec.ca
Abstract
In this paper we present the conjugate heat
transfer analysis in a 167 kVA dry type
transformer using the parallel CFD code
Fluent 6.0. The RNG - model is
proposed to deal with the turbulent aspect
of the convective airflow inside the
transformer metal tank that resulting from
ANAN (Air Natural Air Natural) cooling
conditions. An experimental approach was
used to assess Joule losses in the low/high
voltage windings and the Eddy currents
losses in the magnetic core. The resulting
mathematical model was solved using 14
compute nodes on distributed machine.
Introduction
1300 Watts/m3
1500 Watts/m3
260 Watts/m3
Mathematical formulation
The CFD package Fluent 6.0 solves the
Navier-Stokes equations which include the
conservation
equations
for
mass,
momentum, energy and additional
transport turbulent equations for turbulent
kinetic energy () and its dissipation rate
().
( u j )
(
) = S (5)
x j
x j
x j
For a steady-state solution transient terms
are omitted. All relevant source terms and
diffusion coefficients are given in table 1.
Equation
Continuity
Momentum
uj
Energy
+ t
kj
Cp
t
T
t
+
( u j) xj
xj k xj
t
+
( u j) x j
x j x j
= P +G
= C1 P C2
(5)
(6)
u
p
+ eff i + gi
x j
x j
S
Cp
838
461
244
189
159
10
134
12
107
14
89
Acknowledgements
Superlinear
Enterprise 6000
15
13
11
Speedup
References
1
1
11
13
15
Number of processors
Conclusion
[1] Barnes P.R., Van Dyke J.W., Mc Connell and Das S.,
Determination Analysis of Energy conservation standards
for distribution transformers, ORNL-6847, Oak Ridge,
Tenn.: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1996.
[2] Simon Ryder, A simple method for calculating
winding temperature gradient in power transformers,
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 17. No. 4,
October 2002.
[3] T. Holifield, L.W. Pierce, A thermal model for
optimized distribution and small power transformer
design, IEEE Conference on Transmission and
Distribution, Vol. 2, pp. 925-929, 1999.
[4] Y. Saboohi, Thermal model operation of arc furnace
transformer in steel making plant in a climate of high
humidity., Conference records of the 2000 IEEE Industry
Applications Conference, Rome, 2000.
[5] Oh Yeo-Ho et al., The thermal analysis of natural
convection cooling transformer, Sixth International
Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, Vol 1,
9-11, November 2003.
[6] J. Driesen,
R. Belmans, K. Hameyer, The
computation of the effects of harmonic currents on
transformers using a coupled electromagnetic-thermal
FEM approach, Proceedings of the Ninth International
Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power,
Orlando, 2000.
Nomenclature
Q : power dissipation W/m3
: Density Kg/m3
Cp: Specific heat
g, g
T : Temperature C
t : Time seconds
uj = velocity component
= density
= viscosity
p = pressure
xj = x , y, z
(To be completed)