Food

Dutch Vegetables
groente

vegetables - verse groente

sperziebonen

fresh vegetables - Recepten

Recipes

doperwten

doperwten doppen

sperziebonen breken

snijbonen

snijbonen snijden

tuinbonen

tuinbonen doppen

wortels

worteltjes

bietjes

witlof

bietjes

spinazie

(fietstas

spinazie

gewassen tomaten

23

bloemkolen
rode kool
rode kool
spruitjes
spruitjesgeur 2 ('the smell of old Brussels sprouts' - said to prevail in Dutch literature)

kapucijners
slang: raasdonders

bruine bonen

linzen

kekererwten

zuurkool

kekererwten
geweekt

spliterwten

peterselie

venkel

knoflook

gember

knolselderie, bleekselderie

ui

uien

sjalotjes

prei

tomaat
vleestomaten

tomaten
paprika
paprika's bakken
2 'beef tomatoes, beefsteak tomatoes' - een krop sla 'a head of lettuce'

broccoli

champignons

koolrabi

mas

komkommer

sla

zwarte bonen

komkommer

aardappels

slang: piepers

aardappels schillen

geschilde aardappels

Fruit

Dutch Fruits

appels (apples)
(de) appel (apple)
(de) aardappel (potato)
(de) sinaasappel (orange)
(de) granaatappel (pomegranate)
hear

fruit

appel

sinaasappel

appels

sinaasappel

sinaasappels en mandarijntjes

appels

mandarijntje

sinaasappels

citroenen

peren

sinaasappelschillen

'limoenen'

banaan

kersen

frambozen

bananen

pruimen

perziken

pruimen

bramen

gedroogde pruimen

aardbeien

ananas

druiven

bosbessen

watermeloen

rozijnen

pinda's

watermeloen

(gedroogde) abrikozen

radijsjes

walnoten

rabarber

-2

hazelnoten

radijsjes

-2

amandelen

augurken

avocado
avocado
mango's
grapefruit
granaatappel en kokosnoot
(de) fruitmand ('basket of fruits' as often given to the sick)
rijp 2 'ripe' - (rijp/rijpe 2) - zoet (zoet/zoete 2) 'sweet' - zuur 2 (zuur/zure 2) 'sour; acid'
een tros druiven 2 3 'a bunch of grapes'
(het) vruchtvlees 2 ['fruit-meat'] - 'pulp' - the solid, edible part of fruit
Zijn de perziken al rijp? 2 'Are the peaches ripe already?'
Ik ben bang dat de avocado's nog niet rijp zijn
2 'I'm afraid the avocados are not ripe yet'
Zijn de appels groen? 2 Are the apples green?
Zijn de bananen nog groen? Are the bananas still green?
Zijn de bananen al geel? 2 Are the bananas already yellow?
"Heeft U bananen?" - "Nee." "Do you have bananas?" - "No."
Er zijn geen bananen. There are no bananas.
"Heeft U sinaasappels?" - "Ja." "Do you have oranges?" - "Yes."
Er zijn wel sinaasappels. [But] we do have oranges.

Meals

Dutch Dinners

warm eten 2 'hot food' - usually dinner - recepten Recipes - Nutritional Values
Eet smakelijk! 'Have a nice meal - enjoy your meal - bon appetit!'
Hollandse Kost 'the (simple) Dutch cuisine'

sperziebonen

tuinbonen

snijbonen

gebakken champignons

23

gehaktbal

23

erwtensoep

bietjes

witlof

rode kool

spek

hutspot (jus 2 (Fr.) 'gravy')

"een kuiltje voor de jus" 2 (a well for
gravy)

aardappels slang: piepers

vlees

geschilde
aardappels

gehakt

macaroni

rijst

soepvlees

zilvervliesrijst

kip

-2

worstjes

'soldaatjes'

rookworst

rauw spek

... op de erwtensoep

uitgebakken spek

sla

ham

soepballetjes

aardappelsalade

(De) sla means both 'lettuce' and 'a light salad' (main ingredient: lettuce) - a heavier salad with for instance potatoes is
called (de) salade

filosoof

Dutch Breakfast, Lunch, Drinks and Snacks

spinazie

bietjes en spinazie passen goed bij elkaar

red beets and spinach go together well, are a good fit

In Dutch, the definite article 'the' is either 'de' or 'het'

The indefinite article 'a' is: een - or for emphasis: n
(Het) ontbijt 'breakfast'
Recepten Recipes - Nutritional Values

kommetje pap
Common Dutch breakfast porridges: havermout

(often shortened to " 't "

'one'

de pap is overgekookt
(oats) - Brinta

2 (wheat, a brand name)

A Dutch lunch is usually bread with cheese and/or sliced meats like ham, sometimes an egg, maybe something sweet like
jam (jam - French J, English A) or honey (honing 2) - and milk and/or tea or coffee. (Het) beleg /or/ (het) broodbeleg
2 ['bread cover'] - what you put on your bread after the butter ('sandwich filling'?) - hagelslag 2 ('chocolate sprinkles')
- pindakaas 2 ('peanut butter')
Most people use the English word for 'lunch' - if it's a hot meal, you could say (het) middageten ('afternoon meal.')
In jest, you could use the very old-fashioned 'het noenmaal' ('the noon meal.')

Een gesneden brood

2 - 'a sliced loaf of bread' - >> more bread words

een brood

sneetjes brood

brood snijden

kapje

hap

sneetjes roggebrood

bolletjes

boter

kaas

>>

vloerbroodje

eieren

ei
vlak stuk

een stuk kaas

2 / plat stuk

'flat piece'

kaas schaven

boterham met kaas

2

tomaat op brood

2 - >> a few more cheese words

23

ham

lever

cervelaatworst

in jest: sterf-op-straat-worst

spiegelei 2 (gebakke
n ei )

gekookt ei

zure zult

omelet

roerei

boterhammen met kaas

geroosterd brood - many people just

say 'toast'

krentenbrood met spijs

krentenbrood

krentenbol
Na de lunch

('after lunch')

... met boter

krentenbol

dubbele krentenbol

Fish

The most popular fish (vis ) in Holland is the herring (haring )

There are various types: zoute haring 2 ('salty herring') - the best and most common - zout
2 ('salt; salty')
Nieuwe haring 2 - also called: Hollandse Nieuwe the newly caught, fresh herring of early in the
season - maatjesharing 2 young, 'virgin' herring.
zure haring 2 ('herring pickled in vinegar') - zuur 2 ('acid') - zuur/zure ('sour') - rolmops ('a
pickled herring wound around a pickle')

rolmops

how to eat herring - haring

- haring eten

Other common Dutch fish: sardientjes ('sardines') - zalm

- kabeljauw 2 ('cod') - baars 2 ('bass, perch')
paling ('eel') - gerookte paling 2 ('smoked eel') - snoek
- karper 2 ('carp') - mosselen 2 ('mussels')
een moot vis ('a piece of fish, a fish steak')

2 ('salmon') - forel

('trout')

2 ('pike') - brasem

('bream')

Drinks
Wil je een kopje thee?
Ja, alstublieft
Ja, graag
Nee, dank U
Nee, dank je
een flesje
water

een beker melk

>>

2 Yes, please (polite)

2 Yes, please (informal)
2 No, thank you (polite)
2 No, thank you (informal)

Alstublieft
and alsjeblieft
2 literally mean something like 'if
you please.'
- 2 Alstublieft and alsjeblieft can be used in three ways, meaning:
1. 'please' like in 'yes please,' or 'two coffee, please.'
2 (tap
2. 'here you are' or 'here you go,' like when you hand someone
something
3. 'you're welcome, my pleasure' in reply to a thank-you (this is a
bit unusual.)

een glas
sinaasappelsap

drinkwater
2 (drinking water) - kraanwater
water - usually safe to drink in Holland)

2 Would you like a cup of tea?

Can I have a glass of water,

Mag ik een glas water?
2
please?
natuurlijk
of course
dank U wel
dank je wel

een kopje koffie

slang: 'n bakkie
troost

Would you like something to eat?

Wil je wat eten?
Could I please have a little
Mag ik een beetje kaas?
2
cheese?
Heb je zin in een borrel?
Would you like a glass of liquor?
een scheutje melk
een wolkje melk
een schepje suiker
(het) suikerklontje
(de) suikerklontjes
n
- twee
- drie

een kopje thee

thank you (polite)

thank you (informal)

lepeltje
theelepeltje

a splash of cream - for coffee?

a [small cloud] dash of milk - (tea
in England)
a (tea)spoonful of sugar
sugarcube
sugarcubes
1-2-3
2 teaspoon, small spoon
2 teaspoon, small spoon

'Cream' for coffee is called melk

('milk'); otherwise, 'cream'
is room
koffiemelk
2 - a thick, evaporated milk for coffee, like half-andhalf
suiker

suikerzakje

koffie met melk en suiker

coffee with cream and sugar

alleen melk
2
milk only, just milk
alleen suiker
2
sugar only, just sugar
zwarte koffie
2 /or/ koffie
black coffee
zwart
2
a cookie with your tea
een koekje bij de thee
koffie verkeerd
slagroom
sterke koffie
23

-2

strong coffee

slappe koffie

weak coffee

lekkere koffie

good-tasting,
enjoyable
coffee

(de) frisdrank 2 a
soda drink
(het) vruchtensap
2 fruit juice
(het) tomatensap
2 tomato juice
(het) druivensap

slagroom op de koffie
sterke thee
2

-2

strong tea
warme chocola

slappe
weak tea
thee
2
vieze thee

de koffie is klaar

bad-tasting
tea

(het) rietje 2 straw

ijskoud cold as ice
ijsblokjes 2 ice
cubes
een slokje water a
sip of water
een slok bier a gulp

[coffee the wrong way] caf au

2 lait
- drip coffee with a lot of hot milk
coffee is ready
(a window sign at restaurants)
2 hot chocolate

It is children's language, but there are no better words for

'carbonated' than met prik
2 and zonder prik
2for 'noncarbonated.'
A more extensive list of eating and drinking phrases

een glas bier a

glass of beer >>
een fles wijn a
bottle of wine
witte wijn 2 white
wine
rode wijn 2 red

een borrel a glass of liquor

jenever 2 'Dutch gin'
een glaasje likeur 2 'a glass
of sweet liquor'
een krat bier a case of beer

2 grape juice

of beer

wine
"proost!"
'

2 'cheers!

Snacks

For 'snacks' I usually use the English word, because the traditional Dutch words feel somewhat oldfashioned: (het) tussendoortje 2 (the small in-between thing) - (de) versnapering 2 or(het)
hapje 2 (small bite, small morsel) - or the untranslatable lekkernijen 2 ('very enjoyable snacks')
But you could say: iets bij de koffie 2 3 ('something with your coffee') /or/ iets bij de thee
2 3 ('something with your tea.')
Zoet sweet - hartig savory, not sweet, 'salty' - pittig 2 (3) 'full-flavored, strong-tasting'
(Het) chocolaatje 2 'a piece of chocolate' - een reep chocola 2 a bar of chocolate
French Fries are a very popular snack. The French words patates frites are pronounced somewhat
Dutchified as as patat friet 2 3.
Shorter versions: patat 2 - friet 2 or frietjes .
In Holland, French Fries are usually eaten with mayonaise (Fr.) 2
Patat met mayonaise 2 French Fries with mayonaise
Patat zonder mayonaise 2 French Fries without mayonaise.
The word 'mayonaise' is often left out: patat-mt 2 - patat-zonder 2
Een zak patat 'a bag of French Fries' (also: 'a jerk') - een zakje patat 'a small bag of French Fries'
Vroeger kostte een zakje patat een kwartje In the past, a small bag of French Fries could be had for
a quarter (25)
Another popular deep-fried snack is the breadcrumbs-coated meat paste (de) kroket 2 (kroket /

kroketten 2) - a classier version are the small, round bitterballen 2

Worst >> is the Dutch word for 'sausage.' Knakworst 2 is a kind of Wiener sausage - and you may
find a counter in the de Hema 2 department stores selling nice, hot pieces of rookworst 2(smoked
sausage) as a snack. A less tasty Dutch sausage is (de) frikandel 2 (not recommended.)
(het) snoep ('candy') - (het) snoepje ('a piece of candy') - snoepen 2 ('to consume candy')
Dutch '(de) kandij' 2 are sugar crystals about the size of half or whole sugarcubes.

beschuitje

stroopwafel

beschuitje

drop

speculaasjes

chocola

pepernoten

een stukje taart

2 (>>

Birthday)

ontbijtkoek

roggebrood

een plakje ontbijtkoek

-2

roggebrood met kaas

... met boter

beschuitje met

hagelslag

koekjes

singular: (het) koekje

paaseieren

open

koekjestrommel

dicht

chocoladeletter

Kerstbrood / Paasbrood

... met boter

2 - spijs

(almond paste)

In the past, 'spijs' had a much wider meaning, like 'food in general.' It's still found in (de)
spijsvertering ('digestion') and (de) spijskaart ('bill of fare') - an old-fashioned word for the menu
in a restaurant

cake

'n plakje cake

cake

/ plakjes cake

/or/ stukjes cake

Dutch uses the English word 'cake' for something like banana bread or pound cake. A more
luxurious cake like a birthday cake with fruits and/or whipped cream is called (de) taart - individual

servings are (het) taartje /or/ (het) gebakje . In Holland, you can buy these nice items at a regular
bakery: (de) bakkerij 2 - maybe in large towns you can find a specialized pastry chef:(de)
banketbakker 2.
fruits: (de) vruchten 2 >> - fruit: (het) fruit - whipped cream: (de) slagroom 2
Collective names for sweet pastry are (het) gebak /or/ (het) banket

'n stukje taart

23

taart

taartje

= gebakje

(taartje / gebakje

oliebol

(with poedersuiker

2)

appelbeignet

(French pronunciation)

A common treat for the New Year's holiday (met Oud en Nieuw ) is (de) oliebol ('oil ball') - a deepfried ball of sweet yeast dough with raisins. Long ago, I visited a friend on New Year's Eve and all we

had for dinner and later in the evening were oliebollen and beer.
Appelbeignets are large slices of apple, coated with a batter of flour, sugar, milk and eggs and then
deep-fried; they're also eaten at this time of the year.
A very nice Dutch page about 'oliebollen'

een stukje
banketstaaf 2

kerstrand

(banketstaaf

'n stukje kerstrand

(De) banketstaaf is a stick of almond paste covered with puff pastry, about 4 cm (1 inch)
diameter, usually about 20 cm (8 inches) long, but you can ask your baker for a special shape. One
year in 'High School' we gave our math teacher a lambda . The round Christmas variety of
the banketstaaf is called (de) kerstrand

appelvlaai

pruimenvlaai

23

(de) kersenvlaai

Originally from the Southern province of Limburg (de) vlaai is a kind of pie, usually with a fruits
filling - what makes it special is the slightly sweet yeast dough base. It's usually round - the pictures
above are unfortunately just of my home baking. Another favorite type: (de) rijstevlaai 2 ('rice pie.')
In Limburg itself, some people say (de) vla - which usually means 'a light pudding' in Dutch.

tulband

gevulde koek

23

The gevulde koek from a bakery is very different from the ones made in a factory. The filling may be
almond paste or an almonds-flavored beans paste.

Dutch Conversations: Eating and Drinking, Food Phrases

Food Vocabulary

From the Basic Dutch pages:

(het) eten

food

(het) water

water

(het) vlees

(het) drinken

drink >>

(de) suiker

sugar

(de) vis

(de) maaltijd

meal >>

(het) zout

(de) rijst
(de) aardappels

rice
potatoes

(het) brood

bread >>

(het) graan

cereal, grain

(de) groente
(het) fruit
(de) appel
(de) sinaasappel

salt

vegetables >
>
fruits >>
apple
orange

(de) melk

(de) noten

meat
vis
milk >>

nuts

(de) boter
(de) kaas
(de) eieren

butter
cheese >
>
eggs

(de) soep

soup

(de) wijn

wine

(de) bessen

berries

(de) jam (E)

jelly, jam

(het) snoep

candy

cake

(het) vergif

poison

(de) taart

(het) eten is the common Dutch word for 'food' - (het) voedsel ('food') is a bit bookish - (de)
eetlust 2 'appetite'
(het) drinken ('drink,' things to drink) - Dutch (de) drank usually means 'liquor'

(het) ontbijt 'breakfast' - (de) lunch 2 'lunch' - (het) avondeten 2 'dinner' - warm eten 2 'hot
food'
Most people use the English word for 'lunch' - if it's a hot meal, you could say (het) middageten
('afternoon meal.')
For 'snacks' I usually use the English word, because the traditional Dutch words feel somewhat oldfashioned. But you could say: iets bij de koffie 2 3 ('something with your coffee') /or/ iets bij de
thee 2 3 ('something with your tea') - een koekje bij de thee ('a cookie with your tea')
The Verbs

eten

(to
eat)

eten (to eat)

ik eet (I eat)
ik at (I ate)
jij eet (you
jij at (you
hij eet eat)
hij at ate)
wij eten (he
wij aten (he
jullie eats)
jullie ate)
eten (we
aten (we
zij eten eat)
zij aten ate)
U eet (you
U at (you
eat)
ate)
(they
(they

drinken (to
drink)

(you singular)

(you plural)
(you polite)

drinken (to
ik drink drink)
jij drinkt (I drink)
hij drinkt (you
wij drink)
drinken (he
jullie drinks)
drinken (we
zij drinken drink)
U drinkt (you
drink)

ik dronk (I drank)
jij dronk (you
hij dronk drank)
wij (he
dronken drank)
jullie (we
dronken drank)
zij dronken (you
U dronk drank)
(they

(de) kok
(cook)

eat)
(you
eat)
ik heb gegeten
koken
to cook; to boil

ate)
(you
ate)

(they
drink)
(you
drink)

I have eaten
ik kook
I am
cooking

Units
een krop sla a head of lettuce
een stronkje a head of Belgian
witlof endive
een stronk
a head of endive
andijvie
een teentje
a clove of garlic
knoflook
2
een tros druiven

a bunch of grapes

drank)
(you
drank)

ik heb gedronken
ik kookte
I was
cooking

ik heb
gekookt
I have cooked

een graankorrel

I have drunk
2

a grain of cereal

een sneetje brood a slice of bread

sneetjes brood
2 slices of bread
een gesneden
a sliced loaf of bread
brood
een boterham met a slice of bread with
kaas
2 cheese
(open-faced
boterhammen met sandwich?)

ik ben aan 't koken

I'm cooking, preparing hot
food

een kopje soep

een kop soep

2 a cup of soup
2 a 'cup' of soup >>

een kom soep

a bowl of soup

een bord soep

a plate of soup

een kopje thee

a cup of tea

een kopje koffie

'n bakkie troost

a cup of coffee
2 a cup of coffee

23

kaas

een handvol
a handful of raisins
rozijnen
een snufje zout

een mespuntje
cayennepeper a ['knifetip'] pinch
of red hot pepper
een klontje
a knob of butter
boter
een pakje boter
2
een bal gehakt

een moot vis

een ons ham
een pond kaas

een broodje kaas

(2)

a dash of salt

een korreltje
a grain of salt
zout

2 slices of bread with

cheese

een klontje suiker

2
suikerklontje
suikerklontjes

a meatball [ground
meat
ball] - also: 'a jerk'
a piece of fish, a
fish steak

a spoonful of sugar

a slice of banana
bread
23
slices of banana
plakjes cake
2
bread

een plakje cake

een plakje
a slice of spice cake
ontbijtkoek

een zakje patat

a small bag of French

a splash of milk

een wolkje melk

a [small cloud]
dash of milk

een glas melk

a glass of milk

een pak melk

a carton of milk
234
een glas a glass of orange
sinaasappelsap
2 juice
een flesje water

a small bottle of
water

een slokje water

a sip of water

een slok bier

a gulp of beer

een glas bier

a glass of beer

een krat bier

a case of beer

een fles wijn

a bottle of wine

een borrel

a glass of liquor

a bar of chocolate

100 grams of ham een kommetje pap

a small bowl (cup) of
2 3 (about 3 ounces)
2 (3) porridge
2 500 grams of

een scheutje melk

2 a (small) jar of honey

een reep chocola

a packet of butter

a sugarcube

sugarcube
2 sugarcubes

een schepje suiker

een potje honing

a cheese sandwich

(slang)

een glaasje likeur

a glass of sweet
2 liquor

cheese
(about a pound)
een plakje kaas
een stuk kaas

voor 't eten

2

een zak patat

a slice of cheese

fries
a bag of French fries
- also: 'a jerk'

2 a piece of cheese

['before eating']
- 'before
lunch/dinner'

onder 't
eten 2

'while we were
eating'
- 'during
lunch/dinner'

na 't eten
2

'after we had
eaten'
- 'after
lunch/dinner'

These phrases can also be found in instructions for when to take medication: before a meal / with food
/ after a meal
Op de nuchtere maag 2 ('on an empty stomach')

Invitational

Heb je honger?
Ik heb honger
Ik kom om van de honger
Ik sterf van de honger

['Have you hunger?'] - 'Are you hungry?'

'I am hungry'

2 3 ['I'm dying of hunger, I'm starving'] - 'I'm famished, I'm very

2 3 hungry' (jocular)

Ik heb dorst

'I am thirsty'

We gaan zo eten
Kom je eten?

2 3 'We'll eat soon, in a few minutes'

2 3 'Are you coming, food is ready'

Aan tafel!
Eet smakelijk!
Proost!
Wil je wat eten?
Wil je wat drinken?
Wat wil je drinken?
Een kopje thee alstublieft
Een kopje koffie graag
koffie met melk en suiker

'Come to the table, food is ready' (it always sounds a bit

impatient to me)
'Bon appetit! Enjoy your meal!'
2 'Cheers!'
'Would you like something to eat?'
2 'Would you like something to drink?'
2 'What would you like to drink?'
'A cup of tea, please' (polite)
'A cup of coffee, please' (informal)
'coffee with [milk] cream and sugar'

Mag ik een glas water? 2 '[May I] Can I have a glass of water, please?'
Mag ik wat water? Could I have some water, please?
Mag ik een beetje kaas?
Heb je wat brood?

2 'Could I have [a little] some cheese, please?'

'Would you have some bread?'

Mag ik de boter?

2 3 Could I have the butter? Please pass the butter

Wil je een kopje thee? 2

Would you like a cup of tea?
Zal ik je een kopje thee
Shall I pour you a cup of tea?
inschenken?
Nee, dank U
Nee, dank je

Alstublieft

2 No, thank you (polite)

2 No, thank you (informal)

Yes, please (polite)

Ja, alstublieft 2
Yes, please (informal)
Ja, alsjeblieft 2 3
Yes, please (informal)
Ja, graag 2
are also used when handing someone something, like 'here you
/and/ alsjeblieft 2
are'
Dank U wel
Dank je wel
Bedankt

Wil je kaas of ham op je brood?

Wil je iets toe?
Het smaakt naar meer

thank you (polite)

thank you (informal)
thank you (informal)
'Would you like cheese or ham on your bread?'

2 3 Would you like dessert?

2 ['it tastes like more'] 'It was so good I'd like some more,
I wouldn't mind a second helping' (informal)

Wil je blijven eten?

Er is genoeg eten
Je kunt wel blijven eten
Je hoeft niet weg te gaan

2 3 Would you like to stay for [food - usually:] dinner

2 3 'There is enough food'
2 3 'You may stay [to eat] for dinner (or lunch)'
2 3 'You don't have to leave'

Drink eerst even rustig een kopje

'First, relax and have a cup of tea'
thee 2
Kom je thee drinken?
Kom je een kopje thee drinken?

2 ~Come have some tea

2 ~Come have a cup of tea

te eten uitnodigen 2
['for eating, to invite, ask'] 'to invite, ask for dinner'
te eten vragen
Kom je een keer bij ons eten?
Komen jullie ...

23

'Would you like to come for dinner at our house sometime?'

(singular 'you')

2 3 (plural 'you')

Wil je een keer bij mij komen eten?

'Would you like to come for dinner at my house sometime?'
2 3 (singular 'you')
Willen jullie ...
Zullen we ergens gaan eten?

2 3 (plural 'you')
2 'Shall we go eat somewhere?' (i.e. in a restaurant)

Questions

Heb je al gegeten?

2 Have you eaten already? Did you already have dinner?

Heb je nog niet gegeten?

2 Have you not eaten yet? Did you not have dinner yet?

Ik heb geen ontbijt gehad

2 'I didn't have breakfast'

Moet je nog eten?

Is er wat te eten?

2 Do you still have to eat? Have you not eaten yet?

2 3 slow 'Is there something to eat?'

Wanneer heb je gegeten?

2 When have you eaten?

Wanneer heb je voor 't laatst When have you eaten last, how long ago was your last meal?
gegeten? 2 What was the last time you had something to eat?
Wat heb je gegeten?
Waar heb je gegeten?
Ik heb thuis gegeten
Met wie heb je gegeten?
Heb je goed gegeten?
Was 't lekker?
Heb je lekker gegeten?

2 'What have you eaten, what did you have?'

2 'Where have you eaten?'
'I have eaten at home' (te

'at' + huis

2 'house')

2 'With whom did you eat?'

2 'Have you eaten [good] well?'
2 'Was it good, did you enjoy it?' (think of: 'to like')
2 'Was the food to your liking, did you enjoy your meal?'

Heb je genoeg gegeten?

Heb je te veel gegeten?

Have you eaten enough?

2 '[Have you eaten] Did you eat too much?'

Ik heb te veel gegeten

Ik voel me zo vol

'I have eaten too much'

2 'I feel so full' (I have eaten too much)

Heb je genoeg gedronken?

'Did you drink enough?'

Als je vis eet, moet je ook wat

'When you're having fish, you should also drink something'
drinken 2 3 4
Je moet wat drinken

2 3 'You should drink something'

Heb je genoeg water?

2 Do you have enough water?

met kleine slokjes drinken

2 '[drink with] take small sips'

Zijn de appels groen?

2 'Are the apples green?'

Zijn de bananen nog groen?

Zijn de bananen al geel?
Zijn de perziken al rijp?
Is 't nog goed?

'Are the bananas still green?'

2 'Are the bananas already yellow?'
2 'Are the peaches ripe already?'

2 3 'Is it still good?' - i.e. not spoiled, still good and safe to eat

tenminste houdbaar tot ...

2 ["can be kept at least till ..."] 'good till at least ...' - 'best
before ...' - 'sell by ...'
- remember that in Dutch dates, the day comes before the
month

Heeft U bananen? - Nee

Er zijn geen bananen
Heeft U sinaasappels? - Ja
Er zijn wel sinaasappels
Hoe is de koffie op je werk?
Heb je je koffie op?
Drink je thee
Laat je thee niet koud worden

'Do you have bananas? - No' (polite 'you')

'There are no bananas'
'Do you have oranges? - Yes' (polite 'you')
'We do have oranges'
'How is the coffee at work?'

2 3 'Did you finish your coffee?'

2 3 'Drink your tea'
2 3 'Don't let your tea get cold'

Onderweg drinken we een kopje

'We'll have a cup of coffee on the way'
koffie 2

Comments

Het eten was erg lekker 2 3 4 'The food was very good, I really enjoyed the food'
Het eten was heerlijk 'The food was delicious, I really enjoyed the food'
erg lekker 2 - heerlijk 2 3 - food superlatives: 'very good,' 'delicious,' 'heavenly'
zalig 2
(de) godenspijs
ambrozijn 2 - nectar
't eten - 't was lekker
't eten - 't was koud
smullen

2 / lekker smullen

'the food - it was good'

'the food - it was cold'
2 'to eat with great enjoyment'

't Ziet er vies uit

2 'It looks unappetizing'

't Smaakt naar nootjes

't Heeft iets van chocola

'the food of the gods, ambrosia'

2 'It tastes like nuts, it has a nutty taste'

2 3 ['It has something of chocolate'] 'There's a hint of chocolate'

Narrative

Ik heb net een sinaasappel

'I just [ate] had an orange ...'
gegeten ... 2
... en een kopje thee gedronken

'... and [have drunk] drank a cup of tea'

Ik eet elke dag een sinaasappel

Ik heb gisteren niet veel gegeten
We zaten aan het ontbijt
We zitten te eten
Na de lunch
En dan gaan we eten
Alsof m'n mond in brand stond

2 'I eat an orange every day'

2 'I didn't eat much yesterday'
'We were having breakfast, we were at breakfast'
['We're eating'] 'We're having dinner (or lunch)'
'after lunch' - see also: before, during and after above
2 'And then we'll eat'
2 'As if my mouth was on fire, as if there was a fire in my mouth'

Ik eet geen witlof meer want het is te 'I don't eat Belgian endives anymore because [it] they are too
duur 2 expensive'
Gisteren hebben we erwtensoep
Yesterday we [have eaten] had pea soup (for dinner.)
gegeten.
Ik ga morgen bij m'n moeder eten
We krijgen iemand te eten
We kregen brood te eten

'I'll have dinner at my mother's house tomorrow'

2 We're having a dinner (or lunch) guest
2 We were given bread to eat

Ik ben met de Kerst vijf pond

'I gained 5 pounds over the Christmas holiday'
aangekomen 2

De vader voerde het kind langzaam

'The dad slowly fed the child a [plate] bowl of porridge'
een bord pap 2 3
Hij drinkt snel een biertje
En toen dronken we koffie
Hij dronk alleen water

2 He is quickly drinking a beer, he quickly has a beer.

'And then we had coffee'
'He only drank water'

Vroeger kostte een zakje patat een 'In the past, a small bag of French Fries could be had for a
kwartje quarter (25)'
Ik heb een kater

'I have a hangover' - (de) 'kater'

2 can als be 'a male cat'

Preferences

Waar hou(d) je van?

Ik hou(d) van soep
Hij houdt niet van spruitjes
Hij lust geen spruitjes
Ik hou(d) niet van vis
Hij houdt erg van soep

What do you like? (food, drink, music, movies, TV)

2 'I like soup' (the D of 'ik houd' is rarely pronounced)
2
'He doesn't like Brussels sprouts'
2
2 'I don't like fish'
2 'He really likes soup, he likes soup a lot'

Ik ben gek op drop

Ik heb zin in ijs

2 3 'I really like liquorice, I'm crazy about liquorice'

2 3 'I feel like ice cream, I would really like some ice cream now'

Heb je zin in een borrel?

'Would you like a glass of liquor?'

Ik heb zo'n zin in een kopje thee

'I really wouldn't mind a cup of tea, that's what I'd like most
2 3 now'
Ik ben allergisch voor eieren

2 'I'm allergic to eggs'

Ik mag geen varkensvlees eten

'I'm not allowed to, I can't eat pork' (religion, doctor's orders)

Het eten van varkensvlees is 'Eating pork is not allowed' ('verboden'

verboden 'forbidden')

2 - think of:

Het drinken van alcohol is

'Drinking alcohol is permitted'
toegestaan
Ik eet geen paardenvlees

2 slow 'I don't eat horse meat, I refuse to eat horse meat' (the N
of 'paardenvlees' is not pronounced)

Ik eet geen rundvlees

Ik kan geen rundvlees eten
Ik krijg er last van

2 'I don't eat beef'

2 'I may not eat beef, it's not good for me to eat beef'
2 3 'It's going to bother me, it'll give me trouble'

Ik wil geen vlees eten

Ik wil liever geen vlees eten

2 'I don't want to eat meat'

2 3 'I'd rather not eat meat, I'd prefer not to eat meat'

Slakken staan me tegen

'I'm revolted by [the idea of eating] snails'

cafene 2 caffein
cafenevrij 2 3 [caffein-free] decaf - it sounds a bit bookish
zonder cafene 2 [without caffein] decaf - this sounds more natural
Heeft U cafenevrij?
Heeft U zonder cafene?
Mag ik zonder cafene?

'Do you have decaf?'

'Do you have decaf?'
'Could I (May I?) have decaf?'

Dieting, Resolutions, Etiquette, Slang

Morgen gaan we lijnen

Elk pondje gaat door het mondje
Ik ben vijf kilo afgevallen

'Tomorrow we'll start dieting'

'Every pound goes through the mouth'
2 I've lost 5 kilograms (10 pounds)

Gezond eten
'Eat wholesome food' (A New Year's resolution)
(niet noodzakelijkerwijs (not necessarily organic 'health' food)
biodynamisch 2)
Drinken met mate

'Drink alcohol in moderation' (A New Year's resolution)

Niet praten met je mond vol

Is er wat te nassen?
" Da' lus' ik nie' "

2 'Don't speak [with] when your mouth is full'

'Is there something good to eat?' (Slang) 'nassen' - think of: to
nosh
'I don't like that, I don't want to eat it' (Slang) ('Dat lust ik
niet' )

vreten

2 'to eat like a beast' (Slang) >>

zuipen

2 'to quickly drink much alcohol' (Slang) >>

koek en zopie

2 'simple snacks and drinks from a hole-in-the-wall place'

In A Restaurant

We gaan uit eten

een duur restaurant
een sjieke (chique) tent
De koffie is klaar
Heeft U een ander tafeltje?
Wat zou U aanraden?

'We're going to eat out'

'an expensive restaurant'
'a classy place' (slang)
'Coffee is ready' (a sign in a window)
'Would you have another table?' (I want to sit somewhere else)
2 'What would you recommend?'

Heeft U iets vegetarisch? 'Do you have something vegetarian?'

een vegetarische schotel 2 'a vegatarian dish'

een vegetarische maaltijd

'a vegetarian meal'

Ik ben vegetarir
Ik ben geen vegetarir
Mag ik de rekening?

'I'm a vegetarian'
2 'I'm not a vegetarian'

2 3 ['May I have the bill?'] 'Check, please' - numbers

in jest: Hoeveel is de schade?

(de) fooi

'What's the damage?' - like, 'How far does that set me back?'
2 'tip'

In The Kitchen, Cooks Talking

Dutch 'Koken'

2 can mean both 'to boil' and 'to cook' (prepare hot food)

Ik ben aan 't koken

I'm cooking, preparing hot food

Bietjes en spinazie passen goed bij

'Red beets and spinach go together well, are a good fit'
elkaar
't Past er goed bij

2 'It goes together well'

een goede combinatie

2 'A good combination'

Je proeft 't niet

23

De soep kookte over

'You don't taste it, you won't notice the taste of this ingredient
or procedure'
'The soup boiled over'

De pap is overgekookt

'The porridge has boiled over'

Ik ben bang dat het nog niet klaar

'I'm afraid it's not ready yet'
is
Ik ben bang dat de avocado's nog niet
'I'm afraid the avocados are not ripe yet'
rijp zijn 2
Er zijn geen tomaten 2 'There are no tomatoes'
Er zijn groene tomaten 'There are green tomatoes' ('We have green tomatoes')
Morgen ga ik witlof maken
Breng 't aan de kook
Laat 't twintig minuten koken

Tomorrow I'll prepare Belgian endives.

2 3 'Bring it to a boil'
2 3 '[Let it boil] Keep it boiling for 20 minutes'

Kook de aardappels zeventien

'Boil the potatoes for 17 minutes'
minuten
De aardappels koken
'The potatoes are boiling'
De aardappels zijn gekookt 'The potatoes have been boiled'
Ik heb de aardappelen gekookt 2 'I have boiled the potatoes'
Ik heb de aardappelen gebakken 'I have [baked] fried the potatoes'

Snijd de tomaten terwijl je de

'Cut the tomatoes while you're sauting the mushrooms'
champignons bakt
Ik heb de eieren laten schrikken

['I startled the eggs'] - pouring cold water over just-boiled eggs
for easy peeling
'An egg [belongs to it] should be part of any meal' (advertizing
slogan)

Een ei hoort erbij

Ik ben een brood aan 't bakken
Ik heb brood gebakken

2 'I am baking (a) bread'

2 3 'I baked (a) bread'

't Brood is gebakken

Het brood is niet goed gerezen

2 'The bread did not rise well'

Ik wil niks verloren laten gaan

Mag ik het recept?

'The bread has been baked'

'I don't want anything to go to waste, I don't want to waste

anything'

2 3 'Can I have the recipe?'

Food-Related Sayings and Expressions

Jan Salie
herb)

2 ['John Sage'] a person without initiative or energy - old-fashioned (salie = sage, a mild

vis noch vlees

2 'neither fish nor [meat] fowl' - something hard to define

Een appeltje voor de dorst

times
De dorst naar kennis

2 ['a small apple for the thirst'] a nest egg, money put away for bad

"the thirst for knowledge"

Er zit geen brood in ['there [sits] is no bread in it'] 'You can't make a living from it, it doesn't
generate much income'
De mens kan niet alleen van brood leven
something more, i.e. spirituality)
't Is geen vetpot

2 'Man cannot live by bread alone' (there is a need for

['It's not a pot of grease'] - there is not much money to be made from it

Ik ben helemaal gaar

this for too long

['I'm fully cooked'] - I've had it, I'm done for, I've worked on this, lived with

Op een laag pitje ['On a slow burner'] 'On the back burner' - something given low priority, not
pursued vigorously
Wat de boer niet kent dat lust-ie niet 2 3 4 ['What the peasant doesn't know he doesn't like']
- 'The peasant doesn't like the unfamiliar' - commenting on a reluctance to even taste unfamiliar food
Bitter in de mond maakt het hart gezond 2 'bitter in the mouth makes the heart healthy'
- nonsense remark about the supposed health benefits of bitter-tasting medicine or food
't Is zwaar te verteren

2 3 ['heavy] hard to digest' - usually said of unpleasant knowledge or things

you have to accept

Wat je ver haalt is lekker
Hij lust er wel pap van
get enough of

2 ['What you get from far away tastes good'] 'Exotic food is always good'
2 3 ['~he would really like it as porridge'] A food or pleasant activity he can't

Over smaak valt niet te twisten

gustibus non disputandum
Honger maakt rauwe bonen zoet
perception
Het oog is groter dan de maag
the food you put on your plate
Als mosterd na de maaltijd
now useless

2 '[You can't argue about taste] There's no accounting for taste' De

2 ['hunger makes raw beans sweet'] Want changes your
2 ['the eye is bigger than the stomach'] - said when you can't finish

2 'Like mustard after the meal' - something that comes in too late and is

De hond in de pot vinden ['Finding the dog in the cooking pot']

Dan vind je de hond in de pot 2 ['Then you'll find the dog in the cooking pot']
- When you're very late for a meal, you may find the dog finishing the leftovers - general meaning:
coming late you may be left empty-handed
Roet in 't eten gooien

'throwing soot [into] on the food' - ruining plans

De kat op het spek binden

2 ['tying the cat to the bacon'] - (to the speaker) 'a dangerous policy that

sets up for failure'

Water bij de wijn

2 (doen

Als een mes door de boter

(Het is
effort

) boter aan de galg

2) '(mixing) water into the wine' - going for a compromise

'Like a knife [cutting] through butter' - very easily
['It's butter on the gallows'] - something valuable wasted, a useless

Maar wij zitten met de gebakken peren

ones that have to pick up the pieces
Iemand een poets bakken

2 3 ['But we are left with the baked pears'] But we are the

2 'Play a trick, a practical joke on someone'

Waarom zijn de bananen krom? 'Why are bananas [crooked] not straight?' - rhetorical question,
often said when there is no answer to another 'why?'
't Kaf van 't koren scheiden ['Separating the chaff from the wheat'] - Separating the useful from the
useless, the men from the boys, the sheep from the goats
Een koekje van eigen deeg 2 ['a cookie of (your) own dough'] 'a taste of your own medicine'
- you yourself getting the bad treatment you thought up for (or already meted out to) others

Colours/Materials

Colors and Materials in Dutch

De Nederlandse vlag is rood - wit - blauw

rood

oranje

-2-3

Het Volkslied

The Dutch Anthem

Wilhelmus van Nassouwe

Ben ik van Duitsen bloed
Den Vaderland getrouwe
Blijf ik tot in den doet
Een prinse van Oranje
Ben ik, vrij, onverveerd
Den konink van Hispanje
Heb ik altijd geerd

I am William of Nassau
A man of our people
Loyal to the Fatherland
I'll remain to my dying day
I am a prince of Orange
Free and without fear
The king of Spain
I have always respected >>

geel

groen

blauw

paars

rood

zwart

wit

bruin

grijs

De tomaten zijn rood

- de rode tomaten

de ster is rood
- de rode ster
-2-3

de bananen zijn
geel
- de gele bananen

de paardebloem is
geel
- de gele
paardebloem

de hemel is blauw - de blauwe

hemel
de lucht is blauw - de blauwe
lucht - 2

de sinaasappels zijn
oranje
- de oranje
sinaasappels

het gras is groen

- het groene gras

de appel is groen
- de groene
appel - 2

de groene appels
- de appels zijn
groen
de bloem is paars
- de paarse bloem

de wolken zijn wit

de toetsen zijn wit en zwart

de witte wol

de kokosnoot is bruin

- de witte wolken

melk is wit
- de witte melk

-2

- de witte toetsen en de zwarte toetsen

het witte papier

- het papier is wit - 2

-2

de inkt is zwart
- de zwarte inkt - 2

- de wol is wit

- de bruine kokosnoot

de schoenen zijn zwart - de zwarte

schoenen
de leren schoenen - de schoenen zijn van
leer

de huid is roze
- de roze huid

mijn ogen zijn bruin

- de bruine ogen - 2
het haar is grijs
- het grijze haar

de houten lepel

het hoornen lepeltje

het leren zadel

de gouden ring

- de lepel is van hout

het glazen kopje

- het kopje is van glas
-2

de houten klompen
- de klompen zijn van
hout

- het lepeltje is van hoorn

het glazen bord

- het bord is van glas

de koperen schaal
- de schaal is van
koper

- het zadel is van leer

de ivoren bakjes en lepeltjes

- de bakjes en lepeltjes zijn van
ivoor

het ijzeren mandje

- het mandje is van ijzer

- de ring is van goud

-2

het plastic bekertje

- het bekertje is van plastic
-2

de ijzeren ketting
- de ketting is van
ijzer

het blikken trommeltje

- het trommeltje is van
blik

het houten krukje

- het krukje is van hout

de koperen hagedis
- de hagedis is van
koper - 2

het zilveren bekertje

- het bekertje is van
zilver

de stalen thermosfles de spijkerbroek is blauw

- de thermosfles is van
- de blauwe
staal
spijkerbroek - 2
roestvrij staal - 2

de ouderwetse sleutels
de oude schoenen
de nieuwe schoenen
de moderne sleutel
de roestige ketting
- de sleutels zijn
- de schoenen zijn
- de schoenen zijn
- de sleutel is modern
- de ketting is roestig
ouderwets
oud
nieuw
De hemel (heaven) is also the place many of us hope to go after death; de lucht (air) is also the stuff
that we breathe ("All I need is the air that I breathe ...")
(De) spijkerbroek

('jeans') is literally 'nail-pants,' referring to the rivets.

(Optional:)
This page is meant as a first introduction to Dutch, but you may have noticed various grammar items:
Adjectives qualify nouns, adverbs qualify verbs. Dutch Dictionaries will give the adverb form; adjectives usually get an e ending, and as you may have noticed, adjectives for materials add an -en ending to the material's noun.
de appel is groen - de groene appel - een groene appel - het groene appeltje - een groen appeltje De lange man - een lange man - het lange boek - een lang boek - de baby slaapt lang That -e ending will not change the sound of the precedeing vowel in the adverb or noun, but it often changes the spelling,
either of that vowel or the following consonant.
breed/brede, dik/dikke - fully explained.
(A few words get a vowel change with the -e(n) ending, like glas on this page.)
The article (the) can be either de or het in Dutch. There are no good rules, except that plurals always get de and
diminutives (ending in -je) always get het.

Buildings

Gebouwen

kerk

>>

huis

>>

huis

>>

molen

vlaggen

-2

windmolen

boerderij

flatgebouw

= flat

boerderijtje

flats

schuur

-2

-2

wolkenkrabbers

trap
roltrap - 2
de / het / 't
(the)
een, 'n - 2
(de) kerk (church)
(de) molen (windmill)
(het) huis (house)
(de) (farm;
(de) flat (high-rise;
boerderij farmhouse)
[Engl.] apartment)
(de) schuur (shed)
hear
hear

stadion
(a, an)
n
(het) gebouw (building)
(de) (cloudscape
wolkenkrabber r)
(het) stadion (stadium)
hear

zwembad - 2
(one)
>>
(de) flat (high-rise;
(het) apartment)
flatje (apartment)
hear

I have translated the Dutch word gebouw - 2 as 'building,' but it does not mean exactly the same. It is only used for larger
constructions: speaking Dutch, I wouldn't call a huis ('house') a gebouw.
(het) hout 'wood' - (de) baksteen 'brick' (plural: bakstenen 2) - (het) cement 'mortar, cement' - (het) beton
2 'concrete' - builders
The Dutch word flat comes from English of course. It means both a high-rise (or mid-rise) apartment building, and an
apartment in a building like that. The diminutive flatje is only used for the apartment. Dutch also has the word apartement
but it is not often used.
Sounding the same as flats, there is a Dutch word flets that means 'pale, washed-out color.'

The Dutch word for 'skyscraper' is wolkenkrabber

(het) schuurtje - a small shed, like in a yard

Clothing

2 which literally translates as 'clouds-scratcher.'

kleren

('clothes') - kleding

rok

rok

('clothing')

jurk

-2

jurk

blouse

T shirt

coltrui

-2

pak

colbert - 2
= jasje

trui

broek

-2

trui

overhemd
lange mouwen
-2

stropdas

vest

overhemd
korte mouwen

vestje

rok

kleerhanger
= knaapje

sweater

spijkerbroek

spijkerjasje

schoenen
de / het / 't
hear
(de) rok (skirt)
(de) jurk (dress)

-2

spijkerpak
= inspraakpak

korte broek

badjas

gymschoenen
laarzen
(the)
een, 'n
(a, an)
n
hear - 2
hear
(de) trui (wool sweater)
(het) (dress shirt)
(de) (turtleneck
overhemd (vest)

sokken

(one)

-2

rubber laarzen - 2
more

(de) B.H. (bra)

(beha *) 2 (panties) -

(de) ((ladies')
blouse shirt)
hear

(het) slipje 2 ladies

(de) onderbroek (underpants) 2 men
(het) ondergoed (underwear)
2
(de) sok (sock
(het) (suit
(de) wol (wool)
(de) (denim) bergschoenen (hiking boots)
(de) )
colbert, jacket)
(het) katoen (cotton)
spijkerstof 2 (leathe
(sandals)
schoen (shoe
(het) jasje (suit
(het) linnen (linen)
(het) leer 2 r)
sandalen 2 (house
(de) laars )
(de) jacket)
(de) zijde (silk)
(de/het) sude (suede)
pantoffels slippers)
hear (boot
stropdas (necktie)
(het) fluweel (velvet)
2 (nylon)
veters 2 (shoelaces)
)
(de) broek (pants)
(het) (corduro
(de/het) (nylons
schoensmeer (shoe cream)
hear
ribfluweel 2 y)
nylon * )
2
nylons *
Dutch 'leer' 2 - het leer is 'leather' but de leer is 'doctrine, teachings.' The word is also a False Friend.
Dutch 'nylon' has an unusual Y-pronunciation, probably in imitation of the English word.

rood

coltrui sweater)
(de) (sweater)
sweater
hear

oranje

geel

(het) vestje (cardigan, fleece

(het) vest jacket)
hear

groen

blauw

paars
(de) kleur (color)
plural: kleuren (colors)
examples of usage - adjectives - flowers

zwart
(de) kledingzaak

wit
bruin
grijs
2 'clothing store' - also: (de) modezaak

roze
2 (for ladies.) As I said above 'kleren'

are 'clothes, clothing' but

there are many slang compound words with 'klere-' (a corruption ofcholera ) meaning 'rotten, unpleasant,' like (de)
klerebaan 2 ('an unpleasant, rotten job.') So words like 'klerenwinkel' or 'klerenzaak' usually refer to bad shopping experience,
not to clothing stores.
De laatste mode 2 'the latest fashion' - modieus 'fashionable' - ouderwets 'old-fashioned' - uit de mode 2 'not, no
longer fashionable'
(het) driedelig pak 2 ('3-piece suit' - not pictured)
(het) knaapje ('clothes hanger') is also 'well-behaved little boy.'
(de) broek 2 ('pants') has a second, somewhat obsolete meaning 'swamp,' that the fairly common family names with 'broek'
refer to - Van den Broek - Westbroek - the small town ofZwartebroek 2 ('black swamp') near Amersfoort, and the old,
Dutch name for Georgetown, Guyana was Stabroek ('swamp of stagnant water.')
(de) mouw 2 3 ('sleeve') - opgestroopte mouwen 2 ('rolled-up sleeves')
(de) kraag ('collar') - (de) manchet (Fr.) ('cuff')
(het) zwempak / (het) badpak 2 3 (['bathing-'] 'swimsuit' - ladies) - (de) badmuts 2 ('['bathing-'] swimming cap')
(de) zwembroek 2 ('swimming trunks' - men)
(de) vlek 2 ('stain, dirty spot')
't Zit als gegoten ['It fits like it was cast'] - said of well-fitting clothes
't Staat je goed 2 3 /or/ 't staat je leuk 2 3 "It looks good on you, you look good in it"
Een paar schoenen 2 ('a pair of shoes') - een paar handschoenen ('a pair of gloves')
- 'n paar can also mean 'a few, a couple of:' 'n paar jaar later ('a few years later')
(De) stomerij 2 ['steamery'] 'dry cleaner'
(De) kleermaker 2 'tailor' - (de) naaister 'seamstress' - (het) naaistertje 2 '"little" seamstress'

kleren - hear - (clothing)

regenjas

winterjas

hoed

das

pet

= sjaal

muts, ijsmuts

zuidwester

capuchon

zuidwester

handschoenen

zakdoek

wanten

neus snuiten

2 >>

wanten

papieren zakdoekjes

papieren zakdoekjes

papieren zakdoekjes

garen

naald

vingerhoed

naald en draad

tornmesje

speld

spelden

veiligheidsspelden

knoop
de / het / 't
(de) jas (coat)
(de) regenjas (raincoat)
(de) (winter
winterjas coat)
hear

knoopsgat
(the)

een, 'n 2
(de) das (shawl)
(de) muts (wool
(de) cap)
handschoenen (gloves)
(de) wanten (mittens)
hear
Want ('mitt') is also a bookish word for 'because, for.'
(De) bretels 2 ('suspenders' - like in English a plural)

rits 2
riem
= ritssluiting 2
(a, an)
n
(one)
>>
(de) hoed (hat)
(de) naald (needle
(de) knoop (button)
(de) pet (cap) (de) draad )
(het) (buttonhole
(de) (hood) (de) speld (thread
knoopsgat )
capuchon
(het) )
(de) rits (zipper)
hear
garen (pin)
hear - 2
hear (yarn)

Animals

koeien

hond

(foto: Daniel Baskin)

hond

(oude teckel)

('Good dog!') Praising a dog, a Dutchman may say "brave hond" 2 - literally something like 'wellbehaved, obedient dog' - or simply say: "braaf" 2 (while patting the dog's head.)
'Bad dog!' would be "stoute hond" 2 - literally 'disobedient, ill-behaving dog.'
zoogdieren (mammals
vogels )
reptielen (birds)
hear - 2 (reptiles)
mens

amfibie (amphibian
n s)
vissen (fish)
insecten (insects)
hear - 2
man

vrouw

apen (monkey
mensape s)
n (apes)
hear
kind

jongen

dier (animal, usually a

beest mammal)
hear (beast)

meisje

baby

kleuter

(man, human)

(man,
male)

(woman)

(child)

(boy)

(girl)

(=baby
)

(toddler)

Dutch Family
blindengeleidehond

2- [steering-the-blind dog] seeing-eye dog

Many of the words for animals show the common roots of English and Dutch, like cow/koe - sheep/schaap - fowl/vogel
2 and mare/merrie
Some words shifted meaning, like pork/varken 2 (=pig), pig/big (=piglet), steer/stier (=bull), deer/dier (=any animal)
and hound/hond (=any dog).
Other words seem to be unrelated, like horse/paard 2 and rooster/haan 2 - 'horse' is related to Dutch ros which is either
used jocularly (ijzeren ros 'bicycle') or designates an older horse, andhaan looks like related to English 'hen,' although that's a
female.

beer

beer

Bears and wolf pictures by Siem & Monique Sipma. All rights reserved.

wolf

animal

adult
male

adult
female

paard
(horse)

hengst
(stud)

merrie
(mare)

veulen
(foal)

rund*
(bovine)

stier
(bull)

koe
(cow)

kalf
(calf)

varken
(pig)

beer
(boar)

zeug*
(sow)

biggetje
(piglet)

schaap
(sheep)

ram*
(ram)

ooi*
(ewe)

lammetje
(lamb)

(kip)

kuiken,
kuikentje
(chick)

kip
haan
(chicken (rooster)
)

orang-oetang

kat,
poes
(cat)

kater
(tomcat)

geit
(goat)

bok
(he-goat)

* - not common words

offspring
2

2 'Beer' is also the common word for

'bear' (ursus: brown, grizzly, polar.)
Also notice the similarity but different
meaning of 'pork' and varken, 'pig'
and big.

'Kater' is also the common Dutch

word for 'hangover' (katzenjammer?)

vee (cattle)
herkauwen (to [re-chew] ruminate)
pluimvee (poultry)
hear

paard
(de) stijgbeugel 2 'stirrup' - (de)
teugels 'reins'

huisdieren (pets, domesticated animals)

roofdieren ([rob-animals] predators)
hear

poezen

hert

plural: herten

(de) hoef / hoeven 2 'hoof/hooves' - (het) hoefijzer 2 'horseshoe' - (de) hoefsmid

blacksmith who fits horses with horseshoes - (de) stal 2 'stable, pen'
(het) gras 'grass' - (het) hooi 'hay' - (het) stro
zadel 2 'saddle' (also: 'bike seat') (de) pony (English)
(de) kattenbak

2 - some people say:

2 'straw' - (het) voer

'animal feed' - (de) trog

2 (with Dutch 'long O') - (de) haver

2 'cat litter box' - (het) gewei

2
2 'farrier,' a

2 'manger' - (het)

2 'oats'

'antlers' ('deer horns')

And What They Say

Wat zeggen de dieren?
What do the animals say?
honden blaffen
(dogs bark)
honden grommen
(dogs growl)

ssssss
()

slangen sissen
(snakes hiss)
waf-waf
(raf-raf)
grrr
()

bzzz
()

muggen zoemen
(mosquitoes buzz)

retteketet
()

olifanten trompetteren
(elephants trumpet?)

poezen/katten miauwen
(cats meow)

miauw
(meow)

leeuwen brullen
(lions roar)

katten spinnen
(cats purr)

prrrr
()

wolven huilen
(wolves [cry] howl)

katten blazen
(cats hiss)

23

hsjjj
()

paarden hinniken
(horses neigh)
koeien loeien
(cows moo)

boe
(moo)

schapen blaten
(sheep bleat)

b
()

geiten mekkeren
(goats ?)

varkens knorren
(pigs oink)

...
(oink)

eenden kwaken
(ducks quack)

kwek-kwek
(quack quack)

eenden snateren
(ducks smatter)
ezels balken
(donkeys bray)
krekels tsjirpen
(crickets chirp)

hanen kraaien
(roosters crow)

kukeleku
()

kippen kakelen
(chickens cluck)

tok-tok-tok-tok-tok
(cluck-cluck)

kikkers kwaken
(frogs croak)

kchchchch
()

muizen piepen
(mice beep)

kraaien krassen
(crows caw)

vogels fluiten
(birds [whistle] sing)
De koekoek zegt 'koekoek'
Uilen roepen 'oe-hoe'

The cuckoo says 'cuckoo.'

Owls hoot.

mussen kwetteren
(sparrows twitter)

ia
()

schapen

Basic Animals
(de) mens (man)
(het) dier (animal)
(de) vogel (bird, fowl)
(het) insekt (insect)
hear

-2

(de) mier (ant)

(de) bij (bee)
(de) vlieg (fly)
(de) worm (worm)
(de) slang (snake)
hear - 2

olifanten

(de) aap (monkey

(het) paard )
(de) hond (horse)
(de) kat (dog)
(de) rat (cat)
hear - 2 (rat)

olifant

(de) koe (cow)

(het) varken (pig)
(de) kip (chicken)
(het) (sheep)
schaap (goat)
(de) geit
hear

konijn

2 /or/ konijntje

Dutch (de) slang 2 ('snake') also means 'hose.' A Dutchman may talk affectionately about his
'garden snake.'
(De) hondsdolheid ([dogs' craziness] 'rabies') - een dolle hond 2 ('a rabid dog')

The human (and horse) 'head' is (het) hoofd while animals have a (de) kop - likewise, humans
(and horses) have benen 'legs' - singular (het) been while animals (and tables and chairs)
havepoten - singular: (de) poot - Body Parts - Medical
(het) vogelnest (het) vogelnestje 2 birds' nest
(de) lapjeskat 2 [patchwork cat] tortoiseshell cat (?)

schelpen

nestkastje

nestkastje

nestkastje

hondenhok

eekhoorns

(2 pictures on the right by Amy Gregson 2011)

More Animals

konijn (rabbit)
haas (hare)
eekhoor (squirre
n l)
mol (mole)
hear - 2

nijlpaard ([Nile-horse]
neushoor hippo)
n ([nose-horn]
ijsbeer rhino)
hear - 2 ([ice-] polar
bear)

struisvog (ostrich)
el (wild
wild boar)
zwijn (skunk)
stinkdier
hear

schildpad ([shield-toad] tortoise,

stekelvark turtle)
en ([spines-pig] porcupine)
egel (hedgehog)
hear

The 'D' of schildpad is usually dropped

haai (shark)
kreeft (lobster)
garna (shrimp,
al prawn)
kwal (jellyfish)
hear 2
hagedis (lizard)
salaman (salaman
der der)
pad (toad)
hear - 2

vogelbekdi ([bird-beak animal]

er platypus)
zeehond ([sea-dog] seal)
walvis (whale [-fish])
hear

kikker, (frog)
kikvors ([thunderhead]
donderkop tadpole)
je ([frog-fish]
kikkervisje tadpole)
hear

vlinder (butterfly)
nachtvlind ([butterfly of the night] large
er moth)
vleermuis (bat)
hear - 2

kalko (turkey)
en (pheasa
fazant nt)
vos (fox)
hear

giraf (giraffe)
hear
This 'G' has an unusual ('French')
pronunciation

Kwal ('jellyfish') is also an unpleasant, slimy male person, usually of an affected, exaggerated
appearence.
Birds of Holland and beyond

(de) vogel

vogeltje

2 - bird - vogels

2 - mus (?)

2 - birds - 'onze gevederde vrienden'

meeuw

2 - 'our feathered friends'

meeuwen

duif

2 - plural: duiven

zwaan

kraai

kraai

2 - plural: kraaien

ekster

ekster

2 - plural: eksters

mannetje

merel

merel

- plural: merels

zilverreiger

merel

vrouwtje

The 'little bird,' swan, magpies and blackbirds pictures, and the top right crow picture are by Amy
Gregson 2011
All rights reserved. Used by permission. Thank you very much, Amy!

zwaluw (swallow)
vink (finch)
nachtega (nightingal
al e)
duif (dove)
zwaan (swan)
hear

havik (hawk)
uil (owl)
koekoe (cucko
k o)
raaf (raven)
kraai (crow)
hear

adelaar, arend (eagle)

ooievaar (stork)
reiger (heron)
meeuw (seagull)
gier (vulture)
(vleermuis) (bat)
hear
spreeuw (starling)
mus (sparrow
hear )

kolibri (hummingbird)

merel (blackbird)
lijster (thrush)
specht (woodpeck
roodborstj er)
e (robin)
eend (duck)
hear

gans (goose)
buizerd (buzzard)
aalscholver (cormorant)
visdiefje ([fish-thief] sea
winterkoninkje swallow)
hear (winter [king] wren)
Vlaamse (jay)
gaai (gannet
Jan van )
Gent
hear

kanarie (canary)
parkiet (parakeet
pagegaa )
i (parrot)
hear
ekster (magpie)

pauw

-2

wielewaal (golden oriole)

meerkoet (coot - a small black-and-white
hear water bird)

leeuweri (lark)
k (peacock
pauw )
hear

2 specht 2 ('woodpecker')
leeuwerik 2 lark
sperwer 2 sparrowhawk
wielewaal 2 golden oriole
adelaar 2 / arend 2 'eagle'
ijsvogel 2 3 ['ice bird'] 'kingfisher'
winterkoninkje 2 ['little winter king'] 'winter wren'
vogelverschrikker scarecrow
The 'Jan van Gent' is named after its perceived call.
An enigmatic children's song about swans.
Elk vogeltje zingt zoals 't gebekt is
Every bird sings as its beak is - some things can't be changed

kolibri

Bugs World

vlieg

vlinder

bij

nachtvlinder
2

bij

nachtvlinder

langpootmug

spinneweb

langpootmug

spinneweb

spin

spin

onzelieveheersbeestje
onzelieveheersbeestj
2
e 2
(picture 2010 by Uriah
Yaniv)

hooiwagen

hooiwagen

lieveheersbeestjes
(picture 2011 by Amy
Gregson)

2 (6 legs?)

libel 2 3 / libelle 2
(picture 2011 by Amy
Gregson)

tor

= kever

pissebed

tor

= kever

oorwurm

tor

= kever

onbekend insect

mieren

mijt

'chigger'

duizendpoot

(de) krekel 2 cricket

No picture yet: (hopefully never?) (de) kakkerlak
bij (bee)
wesp (wasp)
vlo (flea)
teek (tick)
mot (small moth)
hear
pissebed (pillbug)
bromvlieg (house fly)
mug (mosquito)

rups
2 ('cockroach')

mier (ant)
kever, tor (beetle)
lieveheersbeestje (ladybug)
kakkerlak (cockroach)
hear

vlinder (butterfly)
nachtvlinder (large moth)
libelle (dragonfly)
sprinkhaan (grasshopper, locust)
hear

duizendpoot (millipede)
oorwurm (earwig)
hooiwagen ([hay-cart] 'daddy longlegs' spider)

langpootmug ('daddy longlegs' mosquito)

spin (spider)
hear

schildpad

slang

-2

rups (caterpillar)
krekel (cricket)
hear

hagedis

-2

wormen =
regenwormen
slang: pieren

slakkenhuizen

slak

slak

naakte slak

slakkenhuis

Irregular Animal Plurals

kind - kinderen
kalf - kalveren 2
rund - runderen *
2
koe - koeien
hear 4 vlo - vlooien

(child 3 children)
(calf - calves)
3 (bovine 2 bovines)
2 (cow - cows)

dinosaurus - saurirs hear (dinosaur - dinosaurs)

I guess there's no law against the regular plural 'dinosaurussen,'
but it just sounds awful to me. Dutch Russen 2 means
'Russians' (singular: Rus )

(flea - fleas)
Dog Breeds

teckel ('dachshund')
Duitse herder (German shepherd)
keeshond
hear

teckel

-2

poedel
(de) zwaardvis 2 swordfish
(de) zeester 2 starfish

-2

(de) jakhals 2 jackall

(de) Vlaamse reus 2 'Flemish Giant' - a type of rabbit
(het) koolwitje 2 a white butterfly (Dutch (de) kool 2 is both 'cabbage' and 'coal')

The Dutch Family Tree

The Dutch Family Tree

(de) stamboom
(de) mens
(de)
2
man 2
(man,
(man,

In Dutch, the definite article 'the' is either 'de' or 'het' (often shortened to " 't " )
The indefinite article 'a' is: een - or for emphasis: n 'one'
(de)
(het)
(de)
(het)
(de) baby
(de)
vrouw
kind 2
jongen
meisje
(E)
kleuter
(woman)
(child)
(boy)
(girl)
(=baby)
(toddler)

human)
male)
mens - man - vrouw - kind - jongen - meisje - baby - kleuter
ouders
(parents)

vader (father)
"pappa" (Dad)

kinderen

kleinkinderen

(children)

(grandchildren)

schoonzoon
(son-in-law)

ik

(me)

moeder (mother)
"mamma" (Mom)

kleindochter
(granddaughter)

kleinzoon
(grandson)

dochter
(daughter)

X
zoon

schoonvader

(son)

(father-in-law)

X
schoonmoeder
(mother-in-law)

vrouw
(wife)

man
(husband)

kleindochter

X
schoondochter
(daughter-in-law)

(het) kind ('child') - plural: (de) kinderen 2 - irregular, like English 'children.'
(de) baby ('baby') - (het) kindje 2 ('little one.')
Dutch (de) man is both 'husband' and in general, 'the male of the human species.'

(granddaughter)

kleinzoon
(grandson)

Dutch (de) vrouw is both 'wife' and in general, 'the female of the human species.'
When your parents have divorced and both are remarried, you could say de man van m'n moeder 2 ('my mother's husband')
and de vrouw van m'n vader ('my Dad's wife.')
The formal word for 'husband' is (de) echtgenoot - the formal word for 'wife' is (de) echtgenote - the formal word for
'married couple' is (het) echtpaar - I cannot think of a good, common Dutch word for 'married couple.' You could say (het)
stel - some Belgians say (het) koppel .
(de) schoonouders ('parents-in-law')
There is a Dutch word (het) wijf for 'woman,' but it's rather derogatory (do not use.)
oom
(uncle)

grootvader
"opa"

(grandfather)

nicht

(Grandpa)

(cousin)

tante
(aunt)

X
grootmoeder
"oma"

vader (father)
"pappa" (Dad)
(grandmother)
(Grandma)

X
grootvader
"opa"

ik

(grandfather)
(Grandpa)

moeder

(mother)

(me)

neef
(cousin)

"mamma"
oom
grootmoeder
"oma"

(Mom)

(uncle)

(grandmother)

nicht
(cousin)

(Grandma)

neef
(cousin)

tante
(aunt)

Dutch (de) neef and (de) nicht can mean both 'cousin' and 'nephew' or 'niece.' If necessary to differentiate, a 'nephew' or
'niece' can be called (de) oomzegger ('uncle-sayer.')
The diminutives (het) neefje and (het) nichtje usually indicate nephews or nieces.
(de) voorouders - 2 ('ancestors')
(de) afstammelingen ('descendants')
(de) nakomelingen ('descendants')
(de) overgrootvader ('great-grandfather')
(de) bet-overgrootmoeder ('great-great-grandmother')
(de) achterkleinkinderen ('great-grandchildren')
(de) achterneef ('a grandson of your brother or sister or a grandson of your grandfather's brothers or sisters')
(de) oudtante ('a sister of your grandfather's or grandmother's')
Note that the DT in 'oudtante' is pronounced just as a T.
The common word for 'brother' is (de) broer 2.
The clearly old-fashioned, too formal form of the word is: (de) broeder
'friar.'

- this word also means a member of the lower clergy,

The diminutive is (het) broertje - it's only used jocularly, or for the really little brother.
Between formal and colloquial, there is no good Dutch words for 'sister'.
There is the old-fashioned, formal word (de) zuster - which is also the common way to address a nurse.
For 'sister' I usually say (het) zusje - but that feels a bit colloquial.
There is a word (de) zus - but that also doesn't seem right. It's said to the youngest or only sister in a family, like English 'Sis,'
but it can also be an unpleasant form of address.
zwager
(brother-in-law)

vader (father)
"pappa" (Dad)

nicht
(niece)

neef
(nephew)

zusje
(sister)

ik (me)
broer
(brother)

moeder (mother)
"mamma" (Mom)

nicht
(niece)

neef
(nephew)

schoonzusje
(sister-in-law)

Dutch (de) familie does not mean exactly the same as English 'family.'
For instance, the 'basic family' in Dutch is (het) gezin : De burgemeester en haar gezin

2 ('The mayor and her family')

Dutch familie has more a sense of 'extended family' or 'relatives':

Mijn familie komt uit het zuiden. ('My family is from the South [of the country.]')
Mijn moeders familie komt uit Limburg. ('My mother's family is from Limburg.')
Hij is familie van me. 2 ('He is a relative [of mine.])
de / het / 't

(the)

(het) aanzoek ('marriage

proposal')
(de) verloving ('engagement
')
(het) huwelijk ('marriage')
(de) bruiloft ('wedding'
[party])
(de) trouwerij ('wedding'
[party])
(de) bruid ('bride')
(de) bruidegom ('groom')
(de) trouwdag 2 ('wedding
day'
- also: 'wedding anniversary')
(de) wittebroodsweken
2 ['white-bread weeks'] - ('honeymoon')
getrouwd ('married')
(de) schoonfamilie 2 ('in-

een, 'n
(a, an)
2
(de) scheiding ('divorce')
(de) weduwe 2 ('widow')
(de) weduwnaar 2 ('widower'
)
(de) wees 2 ('orphan')
plural: wezen 2 ('orphans')
(de) adoptie ('adoption')
(het) aangenomen kind
('adopted child')
(de) pleegouders ('foster
parents')
(het) pleegkind ('foster
child')
(de) stiefmoeder ('stepmother
')
(de) ongehuwde moeder 2
- ('[unmarried] single mother')
(het) onwettig kind
('illegitimate child')

(one)

more

trouwring
(de) kinderwagen
(de) wieg 2 ('cradle')
(de) wandelwagen
2 ('stroller')
(de) rollator

('walker')

laws')
(de) vondeling ('foundling')
zwanger 2 ('pregnant')
in verwachting
(de) generatie ('generation')
2 ('expecting')
(het) nakomertje ('late
(de) geboorte ('birth')
child')
(de) geboorteplaats ('birthpl (het) enig kind ('only child')
ace')
(de) vrijgezel ('bachelor')
(de) geboortedatum 2 ('birth (de) minnaar 2 ('lover' date')
male)
(het) gezin ('basic family')
(de) tweeling ('twins')
(de) drieling ('triplets')
(de) verkering - informal, a bit old-fashioned word for 'steady relationship.' Often used in the jocular expression ik heb al
verkering ('I'm already going steady') as an excuse for wearing unfashionable clothing or not getting a fancy haircut.
(de) tak van de familie ('branch of the family')
(de) stamhouder is the first son of the first son etc., as far as the family tree goes back. (Younger sons may provide the
'stamhouder' if the older brother has no sons.)
Note that the T in adoptie ('adoption') is pronounced as S.
In-laws (schoonfamilie 2) are in different degrees of relation to me. My own sister's husband feels closer related than my
wife's brothers; and my wife's sister's husband is again different (even if I like him as well.) Maybe those degrees are reflected in
the words warme zwager ('warm brother-in-law' - a sister's husband) and koude zwager ('cold brother-in-law.') I guess it has
instinctively to do with who shares my DNA.
vaders (fathers)
moeders (mothers)
ooms (uncles)

broers (brothers)
zusjes (sisters)
neven (cousins or nephews)

diminutives
neefje (cousin or nephew)
neefjes (cousins or nephews)

zoontje ('little' son)

dochtertje ('little' daughter)

tantes (aunts)
hear

nichten (cousins or nieces)

hear 2

nichtje (cousin or niece)

nichtjes (cousins or nieces)
hear 2 3
Note that in 'nichtje(s)' the T is dropped, but not in 'nicht' or 'nichten.'

vier (4) generaties

more Dutch Family - Dutch Birthday - Dutch First Names - Towns and Cities
Dutch family names database: Meertens Institute

hear

Dutch Everyday: Trees

blad

bladeren

blaadjes

-2

herfstkleuren

-2

dode bladeren

boom

takje

boompje

tak

boompje

bomen

bomen

boomstam

boomstam

wortels
de / het / 't

(the)

(het) blad (leaf)

(het) blaadje (small leaf)
(de) bladeren (leaves)
hear

boomstronk

bos
een, 'n - 2
(a, an)
(de) tak (branch)
(de) boomstam (tree trunk)
(de) boomstronk (tree stump)
(de) wortel (root)

wortels

oerwoud - 2 - 3
oerwoud - 2 - 3
n
(one)
>>
(de) boom (tree)
(het) bos (forest)
(het) woud (deep, vast forest)
hear

hear - 2
Blad ('leaf') has the irregular plural: bladeren ('leaves') - irregular both in the lengthening of the vowel and in the eren ending.
The diminutive blaadje ('small leaf') also has that lengthened vowel.
You could also say, poetically (or rough): blren ('leaves') though that word (written without the accent circonflexe) also
means 'blisters.'
Dode bladeren , dooie blren ('[dead] fallen leaves.')
Boom ('tree') is written with two O's, while the plural bomen ('trees') has only one O: but the sound is the same ("long O.")
The Dutch spelling rules are fairly straightforward, mostly consistent, and not difficult.
A double vowel is always long:
boom ('tree') - maan - 2 ('moon')
A single vowel will be long in an open syllable (ending in a vowel):
stro - 2 ('straw') - ma - 2 ('mom')
A single vowel will be short in a closed syllable (ending in a consonant):
bom - 2 ('bomb') - man - 2 ('man')
If there is only one (1) consonant between vowels when a word (or part of a word) is split up in syllables,
that consonant almost always goes to the second syllable, leaving the first syllable open with a long vowel:
bomen: bo-men ('trees') - manen: ma-nen - 2 ('moons')
If there are two or more consonants between vowels when a word (or part of a word) is split up in syllables,
then usually one of those consonants remains with the first syllable, and makes it a closed syllable with a short vowel:
bommen: bom-men - 2 ('bombs') - mannen: man-nen - 2 ('men').
fully explained.

stamboom

>>

Woud - 2 is a vast, deep forest, like: Het Zwarte Woud - 2 ('The Black
Forest.')
Very large trees are sometimes called woudreuzen - 2 ('giants of the forest.')
Oerwoud - 2 - 3 ('jungle') is literally 'primeval forest.'
Wortels ('roots') is also the common word for 'carrots.'
Boomschors ('tree bark.') Also: bast
Note that boomstronk is 'tree stump,' while boomstam is 'tree trunk.'

kurk

dennenboom
kerstboom
dennennaalden
dennenappel
ananas
'Pineapple' is ananas in Dutch; there is an old-fashioned word pijnappel for 'pinecone,' but the common word
is dennenappel 2. A related (and also old-fashioned) word is pijnappelklier 2('pineal gland.')

bloesem

eikenblad

eikels

kastanjes
(de) boom 2 tree
bomen trees
A Few Common Trees

hout

- timmerhout

knoest

eik
beuk
berk
iep
(old-fashioned:) olm
es
esdoorn
els
populier
linde
wilg

oak
beech
2 birch
2 elm
2 elm
2 ash
maple
alder
poplar
2 linden (lime?)
willow

de houten klompen
- de klompen zijn van hout

het houten krukje

- het krukje is van hout
(de) timmerman

2 'carpenter' - (de) houthakker

Dutch Everyday Items: Modern Necessities

de houten lepel
- de lepel is van hout
2 'lumberjack' ['woodchopper']

treurwilg weeping willow

den pine tree
dennenboom pine tree
spar 2 spruce
ceder cedar
tulpenboom tulips tree >>
= magnolia 2 = magnolia *
kastanje chestnut (both nut and tree)
kastanjeboom 2 chestnut tree
appelboom 2 apple tree
perenboom 2 pear tree
kersenboom 2 cherry tree
pruimenboom plum tree
notenboom walnut tree

geld
munten
munten
bankbiljetten
wisselgeld 'change' - kleingeld 2 ["small money"] 'small change' - gepast geld 2 'exact change'
contant geld 2 'cash' - you may as well use the English word: ik heb cash 'I have cash'

portemonnee

portemonnee

portefeuille

bankbiljetten

portefeuille

mobieltje

brillen

paspoort

postzegels

zonnebril

leesbril

gehoorapparaat

vergrootglas

-2

wandelstokken

loep

krukken

loep

zaklamp

verrekijker

klok - time
horloges - 2
wekker
de / het / 't
(the)
een, 'n
(a, an)
hear
hear - 2
(het) geld (money)
(de) potemonnee* (purse, wallet)
(de) munt (coin)
(de) portefeuille* (wallet, purse)
(het) bankbiljet (banknote, bill)
(het) paspoort (passport)
(de) postzegel (stamp)
(het) mobieltje (cell phone)
hear
hear - 2
(de) zaklamp (flashlight)
(het) vergrootglas (magnifying glass)
(de) loep (small magnifying glass)
(de) verrekijker (binoculars)
hear - 2
* Portemonnee, portefeuille and horloge are words from French.
Briefje is an informal word for banknote, bill.
Heb je een briefje van tien? (10) - 2 ('Do you have a ten?')
The T in postzegels ('stamps') is not pronounced.
beurs is an old-fashioned word for 'purse.'

wekradio
n
hear

(one)

more

(de) bril (glasses, spectacles)

(het) gehoorapparaat (hearing aid)
(de) wandelstok (cane (walking stick)
(de) kruk (crutch)
hear
(de) klok (clock)
(het) horloge* (watch)
(de) wekker (alarm clock)
(de) wekradio (radio alarm clock)
hear

Dutch Everyday House Words

huis

deur

de deur is open
open
dicht
op slot

open
closed
locked

-2

drempel

voordeur

voordeur

the door is open

achterdeur

(de) makelaar 2
real estate agent,
realtor

de deur is dicht

the door is
2 closed
de deur is op the door is
slot locked

te koop

(house for sale)

verkocht (house
sold)

huisnummer

naambordje

zitkamer

bel, deurbel

slot

tafeltje

-2

deurknop

sleutel

zitkamer

sleutel

tafel

zitkamer

>>

stoel

eettafel

kussentje

slaapkamer

-2

balkon

keuken

krukje

-2

- 2 >>

badkamer

>>

krukjes

trap

trapje

luie stoel

wenteltrap

-2

ladder

luie stoel

bank
de / het / 't

tafeltje - 2
een, 'n - 2
(de) bel (bell)
(het) slot (lock)
(de) sleutel (key)
hear

(the)
(het) huis (house)
(de) deur (door)
(de) drempel (treshold)
(het) raam (window)
hear
(de) zitkamer ([sitting] livingroom)
(de) slaapkamer ([sleeping-] bedroom)
(de) badkamer (bathroom)
hear

lamp
(a, an)

open haard
(one)

n
(de) tafel (table)
(het) tafeltje (small table, coffee table)
(de) stoel (chair)
hear
(de) eetkamer ([eating] dining room)
(de) keuken (kitchen)
hear

The Dutch word for 'Dutch door' is dubbele deur - but they are not very common in Holland.
Another word for zitkamer ('[sitting-] livingroom') is woonkamer which is literally your 'livingroom.'
Luie stoel is literally 'lazy chair.' Another word is gemakkelijke stoel which literally means 'easy chair.'

-2
>>

Note that Dutch stoel is 'chair,' while English 'stool' translates as Dutch krukje. An old-fashioned word for the other 'stool'
is stoelgang (not pictured.)

raam

( = venste
r )

boekenkast

gordijn

boekenkast

23

schuifdeuren

bureau

>>

kast

kast

bureau

kastje

ladenkastje

bed

matras

nachtkastje

lakens

dekbed

nachtkastje

kussens

kleerkast

deken

schilderij

vaas

reproductie

vazen

foto's

plant

wandkleed

plant

>>

wandkleed

plant

bloemen

kerstboom

beeldjes

klederdrachtpoppen

verhuizen
de / het / 't
(the)
een, 'n
(de) kast (cabinet/cupboard/shelves)
(het) kastje (small cabinet)
(het) bureau* (desk)
hear

2 poppetjes

verhuizen
-2
(a, an)
(het) raam (window)
(de) ruit (windowpane)
(het) gordijn (curtain)
hear

pop

auto'tjes

verhuiswagen
n
(one)
>>
(de) vensterbank (windowsill)
(het) kozijn (windowframe)
hear

(het) bed (bed)

(de) matras (mattress)
(de) kussen (pillow, cushion)
hear - 2

(de) sloop (pillowcase)

(het) laken (bedsheet)
(de) deken (blanket)
(het) dekbed (down comforter)
hear - 2

(de) bloem (flower)

(de) vaas (vase)
(de) plant (potted plant)
(de) pot (flowerpot)
hear - 2

(het) schilderij (painting)

(het) wandkleed (tapestry)
hear - 2

* Bureau and auto are words from French.

Both Dutch gordijn and English 'curtain' come from the Late Latin word cortino.
The common meaning of sloop 2 is 'pillowcase,' but it's also 'wrecking,' and that place where some people go to buy parts of
wrecked cars.
Dutch (het) bureau means both 'desk' and 'office.' (Het) politiebureau - 'the police station.' The 'eau' is French.
Dutch Everyday House Words 3
begane grond

(1st) first (ground)

floor

(1e) eerste
(2nd) second floor
verdieping
(2e) tweede
(3rd) third floor
verdieping
2
(de) kelder
(de) zolder
(de) vliering

2 cellar
attic
attic with no walkable

2 floor

binnen
buiten
boven
beneden
hear

(inside)
(outside)
(upstairs)
(downstairs
)

naar boven, omhoog

naar beneden,
omlaag
(de) trap
(de) lift
hear

(up)
(down)
voor
(stairs)
(elevator) achter
naast
hear

(in front of)

(behind)
(next to)

(het) huis
(de) begane grond
(de) eerste verdieping
(de) zolder
(de) kelder
hear

de / het / 't hear (the - the definite article)

(house)
(first floor)
(second floor)
(attic)
(cellar)

op de tafel
onder de
tafel
aan de tafel
hear
door de
(through the
deur
door)
de kamer in (into the room)
de kamer
(out of the
uit
room)
hear

naar
buiten
naar
binnen
in de
kamer
hear

Dutch 'in' covers both English 'in' and 'into.'

(out)
(in)
(in the
room)

(on the table)

(under the
table)
(at the table)

op de stoel
onder de
stoel
aan tafel!
hear

(on the chair)

(under the chair)
(come eat, food is
served!)

to
towards
from
away from
into
into
out of
through

she walked towards

he went into
he went inside
he walked out of

the
the
the
the

house
house
house
house

ze liep naar het huis toe - hear

hij ging het huis in - hear
hij ging het huis binnen - hear
hij liep het huis uit - hear

the
the
the
the
the
the
the
the

house
house
house
house
house
house
house
house

naar het huis - hear

naar het huis toe - hear
van het huis - hear - 2
van het huis weg - hear
het huis in - hear
het huis binnen - hear
het huis uit - hear
door het huis - hear

over the house

on (top of) the house
in the house
inside
under the house
outside the house
outside

in front of
next to
behind
against

the
the
the
the

house
house
house
house

boven het huis - hear

op het huis - hear
in het huis - hear
binnen - hear
onder het huis - hear
buiten het huis - hear
buiten - hear - 2

voor het huis - hear

naast het huis - hear
achter het huis - hear
tegen het huis - hear - 2

among the houses

between the houses
trees about the house
trees around the house

tussen de huizen - hear

tussen de huizen - hear
bomen om het huis - hear
bomen rond het huis - hear

'Huis' can also mean '(towards) home:'

I'm going home - ik ga naar huis - hear
'(At) home' is 'thuis:'
I'm at home - ik ben thuis - hear
he is at home - hij is thuis - hear
home at last - eindelijk thuis - hear

(de) troffel trowel

(het) cement mortar
(de) baksteen brick
metselen to lay bricks
hear - 2

(het) beton
troffel en baksteen

2 'concrete'

This page was in part made from elements of Everyday Dutch pages 9 and 13. See those pages or the
new version pages 3 and 4 for more prepositions.
een huis bouwen

Building a House

bouwen
to build

ik bouw
I build

wij bouwen
we build

bouwen to build
bouwers
2 builders
gebouwen buildings >>

ik bouwde
I built

bouwvakkers

aannemer

2 contractor,
construction manager

2 construction workers

ik heb gebouwd
I have built
klusjesman

2 carpenter

tuinman

metselaar

2 bricklayer

sloper

loodgieter

2 plumber

schilder
2 architect

wij bouwden
we built

timmerman

electricien (Fr.)

architect

behanger
tegelzetter
stucadoor

stratenmaker

2 handyman
2 gardener
2 wrecker
2 street paver

2 electrician
2 painter
2 (wall)paper hanger
2 tiler, tiles layer
2 plasterer

Job descriptions are de-words, except diminutives of course.

The Dutch word for artist-painter is 'kunstschilder'

gereedschap

tools >>

(het) hout - (het)

timmerhout

bakstenen singular: (de) baksteen

keien

2 - singular: (de) kei

dakpannen 2 3 'roof tiles'

heien 2 'to drive piles into the ground' (for a house foundation on soft soil)
(de) stopverf 2 'putty'

Ik ga morgen in Ede een huis verven

Tomorrow I'm going to paint a house in Ede
Ik ga overmorgen een schuur bouwen in
The day after tomorrow I'm going to build a (large)
Barneveld
shed in Barneveld
Gisteren heb ik een muurtje gemetseld in
Yesterday I put up a brick wall in Renkum
Renkum 2 3
Today I have to cut down a tree in Heelsum
Vandaag moet ik een boom omzagen in
'Time' and 'Place' - Sentences Starting with a 'Time'
Heelsum 2 3
Statement
See also: Word Order:

Dutch Everyday Items: Beauty

schoonheid

2 'beauty'

wastafel

zeepflesje

vloeibare zeep

kraan

zeep

- handen wassen

een stuk zeep

handdoek

badstof

plastic bekertje

tandpasta
gorgelen 2 'gargling'

tandenborstel

tanden poetsen

-2

electrische tandenborstel

shampoo

tandpasta

shampoo

- haar wassen

badkamer

WC papier

WC

= toilet

zeep

- handen wassen

handdoek

douche

spiegel

bad, ligbad

borstel

= haarborstel

kraan

borstels, haarborstels

washandje

kam

scheerkwast

scheermesje

scheerzeep

scheerapparaat

scheerzeep

scheerzeep

parfum

lippenstift

23

nagelschaartje
de / het / 't
hear

2
(the)

nagelknipper
een, 'n
hear - 2

(de) zonnebrandolie sunscreen (oil)

(de) deodorant deodorant
(de/het) parfum perfume
een vleugje parfum a whiff of perfume
(de) eau de Cologne (Fr.) cologne
(de) lippenstift 2 lipstick
(de) nagellak 2 nail polish

2
(a, an)

nagelvijl 2
n
hear

douche
(one)

- ik douche
more

(de) oogschaduw eyeshadow

(de) haarlak hairpsray
(de) schoonheidsspecialiste 2 beautician (female)
(de) kapper barber, stylist, hairdresser
(de) dameskapper ladies' barber, stylist, hairdresser
(de) kapster 2 lady barber, hairdresser, stylist

For 'make-up' and 'eyeliner' the English words are used. There is a Dutch word cosmetica for 'make-up,' but it's a bit oldfashioned. Applying theatre make-up is called schminken - a German word. The red powder for ladies' cheeks (blusher?) is
called rouge 2 (French.)
(de) wastafel (wash stand)
(de) badkamer (bathroom)
(de) zeep (soap)
(de) douche (Fr.) (shower)
(de) WC (toilet)
(het) washandje (washcloth)
(het) bad (bath)
(het) toilet (Fr.) (toilet)
(de) handdoek (towel)

(de) kraan (faucet)

(het) WC papier (bathroom tissue)
hear - 2
hear
hear - 2
(de) tandenborstel (toothbrush)
(de) borstel (hairbrush)
(de) tandpasta (toothpaste)
(de) kam (comb)
(het) glas (glass)
(de) shampoo (E.) (shampoo)
(het) bekertje (cup)
(de) spiegel (mirror)
hear - 2
hear - 2
(de) scheerkwast (shaving brush)
handen wassen (to wash hands)
(de) scheerzeep (shaving cream)
tanden poetsen (to brush teeth)
(het) scheermesje (safety razor)
haar wassen (to wash hair)
(het) scheerapparaat (electric shaver)
scheren (to shave)
hear
hear - 2 verbs
Schoonheid 2 means 'beauty' - though in modern, Northern Dutch schoon itself now means 'clean.'
In the South of the Netherlands and in Belgium, schoon still means 'beautiful, pretty.'
For 'clean' Southern Dutch uses zuiver 2 - which in Northern Dutch means 'pure.'
Douche ('shower') and toilet ('toilet') are said as in French.
Shampoo is the Dutchified English word. 'SH' is not found in Dutch words.
The D in tandpasta ('toothpaste') is usualy dropped.
Not every Dutch bathroom has a toilet.
Waar is de WC? Where is the bathroom?
In public places, a sign on that door may say 'Heren' (or old-fashioned 'Heeren') ('Gents') or 'Dames' ('Ladies')
WC-bril 2 ('toilet seat' - the usual meaning of bril is 'glasses, spectacles') - 'bike seat is' zadel 2 - which is of course from
the same root as '(horse) saddle.'

On The Street

Op straat

(de) straat

(het) straatje

(de) stoep

(de) bocht

straat en stoep

(het) huis

(de) garage
(de) auto
(de) oprit
(de) stoep
((het) trottoir

garage
car
2 driveway
sidewalk
sidewalk)
(het) verkeer

(de) straat

street

((de) auto's

(de)
lantarenpaal

(het)
stoplicht

(de) fiets

(het) zebrapad ((de)

voetgangersoversteekplaats

2)

>>

(de) bus

(de) auto

(de)
bushalte

(het) bushokje

Shopping

What's the price (for this)?

Hoe duur is 't? 2 3 (How expensive is it?)
Hoe duur is dit? (How expensive is this?) numbers
- or: Hoeveel kost dit? (How much does this cost?)
- you could also say: Wat is de prijs? (What's the price?) - a Dutchman wouldn't say
it like that,
but you will be prefectly understood.
Ik zoek een ... 2 (I'm looking for a ...)
Waar is de ... 2 (Where is the ...) - Waar is ... 2 (Where is ...)
Waar zijn de ... 2 (Where are the ...) - Waar zijn ... (Where are ...)
Ik kijk wat rond 2 3 ('I'm just looking around, just browsing')
Precies wat ik nodig had 2 ('Exactly what I needed')
Precies wat ik wilde 2 ('Exactly what I wanted') - slang: Krek wa'k wou 2
At the cash register, you may be asked: Wilt U een bonnetje? 2 3 ('Would you like a receipt?')
or shorter: Bonnetje mee? 2 3 ('The receipt along with it?')
receipt bonnetje
or about a plastic bag for your purchase: Tasje d'r bij? 2 (A plastic bag with it?)
a plastic bag tasje
or: a small paper bag zakje 2

bonnetje

You can answer: Yes, Please Ja, graag 2 - or: Ja, alstublieft
or: No, thank you Nee, dank U 2
or with more emphasis: I don't need a receipt Ik hoef geen bonnetje 2

(de) winkel

(het) geld

-2

(het)
boodschappenlijstje

(de) munten

(het) winkelwagentje

munten

-2

Albert Heijn

(de) bankbiljetten

bankbiljetten

(de) portemonnee
(Fr.)

portemonnee

(de) portefeuille

(Fr.)

portefeuille

(de)
boodschappentas

kopen (to buy) (a very irregular verb)

kopen (to buy)
ik koop (I buy)
ik kocht (I bought)
jij koopt (you buy)
jij kocht (you
(you - informal
hij koopt (he buys)
hij kocht bought)
singular)
wij kopen (we buy)
wij kochten (he bought)
jullie kopen (you buy)
jullie (we bought)
zij kopen (they
kochten (you
(you - informal
U koopt buy)
zij kochten bought)
plural)
2 (you buy)
U kocht (they
bought)
(you - polite)
(you
(de) fietstas (bietjes >>)
bought)
ik heb gekocht I have bought
simple
simple
simple
simple
Dutch
perfect
English
present
present
past
past
infinitive
tense
singular plural
singular
plural
English
to buy
I buy
we buy
I bought
we bought
I have bought
example
to buy kopen
ik koop
wij kopen
ik kocht
wij kochten
ik heb gekocht
to rent huren
ik huur
wij huren
ik huurde
wij huurden ik heb gehuurd
to pay betalen ik betaal wij betalen ik betaalde wij betaalden ik heb betaald
2
to sell verkopen ik verkoop wij verkopen ik verkocht wij verkochten ik heb verkocht
to bargain afdingen ik ding af
ik dong af
ik heb afgedongen 2 *
to shop winkelen ik winkel * wij winkelen ik winkelde * wij winkelden ik heb gewinkeld
More commonly people say: "ik ben aan 't winkelen" 2 'I am shopping' - or: "ik was aan 't
winkelen" 'I was shopping'
shopping, to shop - boodschappen doen >> - winkelen >>
Ik ga boodschappen doen 2

kassabon
(cash register receipt)
ik heb een boek gekocht
I have bought a book

(buying everyday
necessities)
(de) winkel shop, store
winkel/winkels shop/shops
(de) klant customer
(de) verkoper salesman
(de) kassire (female) cashier
(de) kassa cash register
(de) kassabon sales receipt
(de)
business hours
openingstijden
(de) toonbank counter
(de)
self-service
zelfbediening
(de) supermarkt
supermarket
2
(het) shopping center,
winkelcentrum mall
(de) aanbieding on sale
(de) opruiming 2 clearance
(de) korting 2 discount

(looking for nicer

I am going shopping
things)
(de) bakker baker, bakery
(de) bloemist florist,
(de) bakkerij 2 bakery
flowers and plants store >>
(de) banketbakker pastry chef/store
(de) kledingzaak 2 clothing store >>
(de) modezaak clothing store for ladies
(de) groenteboer greengrocer,
fruit & vegetables
(de)
shoe store
shop
schoenenwinkel
(de) melkboer milkman
(de) juwelier jeweler, jewelry store >>
(de) kaaswinkel 2 cheese shop
(de) fietsenmaker 2 bike shop (with repairs and
(de) fietsenwinkel
maintenance)
butcher, butcher's
(de) slager
2
bike store >>
shop
(de) slagerij
butcher's shop
(de)
toy store
speelgoedwinkel 2
(de) viswinkel 2 fishmonger's store
(de) visboer 2 fishmonger, also
(de) dierenwinkel 2 [animals-] pet shop >>
fish market stall
(de) slijter liquor seller/store
(de) boekwinkel 2
(de) slijterij liquor store
bookstore
(de) boekhandel 2
(de) kapper hairdresser, stylist, barber >>
(de)
(de)
stomerij 2 ['steamery'] dry cleaner
office supplies store
kantoorboekhandel 2
(de) schoenmaker [shoe-maker] cobbler
drugstore,
(de) markt market
(de) drogist
'druggist'
(het) kraampje 2 market stall, booth
(de) apotheek pharmacy
apotheker 2 pharmacist

Hoe duur is 't? 2 3 [How expensive is it?] / Hoe duur is dit? [How expensive is this?] What's the price (on this item)? How
much does it cost? - numbers
Is het duurder geworden? 2 '[Has it become more expensive?] Did the price go up?'

Het is te duur 'it's too expensive' - Veel te duur 2 '[much] way too expensive'
Ik vind 't te duur 2 ('It's too expensive for me, I think it's too expensive')
't Is niet zo duur 2 3 'It's not that expensive' - or: 'It's not that expensive' - 't Is niet z duur 2 3 4 5
Waar voor je geld '[good stuff] value for money'
(De) prijs 'price' - Ik schrok van de prijs 2 'I was taken aback by the price, I had not expected the price to be that high'
redelijk 2 (redelijke ) 'reasonable' - duur (duur / dure 2) 'expensive' - goedkoop 2 (goedkoop / goedkope ) 'cheap,
inexpensive'
tweedehands 2 3 'secondhand, used'
(de) miskoop 2 'a bad buy, a disappointing or useless purchase'
zuinig 2 (zuinig/zuinige 2) 'frugal' - de zuinige huisvrouw 'the frugal housewife' - (de zuinige motor 'the fuel-efficient
engine') - adjectives add -E - (de) zuinigheid 2 'frugality' -verkeerde zuinigheid 2 3 ('wrong-headed frugality' - like for
instance 'penny wise, pound foolish')
Ik eet geen witlof meer want het is te duur 2 ['I no longer eat ... because it is too expensive'] 'I stopped eating Belgian endives
because they're too expensive'
My dictionary says 'department store' is (het) warenhuis but that's not a common word in Dutch. The stores are usually called
by the company name: V&D ('V-en-D') 2 - de Hema 2 and the upscale de Bijenkorf 2 ('the Beehive.')
The Aldi is an originally German supermarkets chain that often has special deals on home electronics and kitchen appliances.
De klant is koning "the customer is king"
The grocery (kruidenier 2) that sold non-perishable food items has disappeared from Holland. Some quite logically developed
into supermarkets. Like in other places, many small, specialized shops in Holland have closed because supermarkets offered
goods at lower prices.
In jest, you can call a large supermarket chain (de) grootgrutter 2 - from the Tom Poes 2 / Heer Bommel 2 3 cartoons
by Marten Toonder 2 ('grutter' 2 is an old-fashioned word for a seller of non-perishable foods like dried beans and flour.)
(de) slijterij 'liquor store' is a respectable business in Holland.
Doe-het-zelf ('DIY, Do-it-yourself')
(de) rekening 'bill, invoice' - (de) betaling 2 'payment' - (de) kwitantie 2 'receipt, proof of payment'

(de) bestelling 'order' (of goods or food/drinks) - 'order' (command, like in the military) is (het) bevel - and 'order'
(organized structure) is (de) orde 2
(de) catalogus 2 'catalog'
(de) garantie 'guarantee; warranty'
"Ik ga even naar de bakker" 2 I'll make quick run to the bakery = "even naar de bakker"
"Ik ga naar de stad" 2 3 'I'm going to town' (usually for shopping, dining out or entertainment)
Mag 't iets meer zijn? 2 3 ('Is it OK if it's a little more?' - what the butcher says when he cuts off a larger piece than you asked
for)
te koop 'for sale' (a sign on houses, cars etc.)
per stuk 2 ('each' - the price for each item) - twee gulden per stuk ('two guilders each')
BTW 2 a kind of sales tax (already included in the stated price)
In Holland, prescription medicine can only be obtained at the pharmacy apotheek and not at a drogist 2 ('drugstore.')
(De) winkelier 2 ('shopkeeper') - de middenstand 2 ('the shopkeepers, tradespeople' - as a group)
(de) groothandel 2 ('wholesale') - (de) detailhandel 2 ('retail' - where the common people buy things)
kant-en-klaar 'ready-made' - like a store-bought hot meal
Wanneer is 't klaar? 2 3 ('When will it be ready?')

Dutch Everyday Items: Beauty

schoonheid

2 'beauty'

wastafel

kraan

een stuk zeep

zeepflesje

plastic bekertje

vloeibare zeep

tandenborstel

zeep

-2

- handen wassen

electrische tandenborstel

handdoek

badstof

tandpasta

tandpasta
gorgelen 2 'gargling'

badkamer

tanden poetsen

shampoo

WC papier

zeep

shampoo

- handen wassen

- haar wassen

handdoek

WC

douche

= toilet

bad, ligbad

kraan

washandje

spiegel

scheerkwast

borstel

= haarborstel

scheerzeep

borstels, haarborstels

scheerzeep

kam

scheerzeep

scheermesje

nagelschaartje
de / het / 't
hear

scheerapparaat

2
(the)

(de) zonnebrandolie
(de) deodorant
(de/het) parfum

nagelknipper
een, 'n
hear - 2
sunscreen (oil)
deodorant
perfume

parfum

2
(a, an)

nagelvijl 2
n
hear

lippenstift

douche
(one)

(de) oogschaduw eyeshadow

(de) haarlak hairpsray
(de) schoonheidsspecialiste 2 beautician (female)

23

- ik douche
more

een vleugje parfum a whiff of perfume

(de) eau de Cologne (Fr.) cologne
(de) lippenstift 2 lipstick
(de) nagellak 2 nail polish

(de) kapper barber, stylist, hairdresser

(de) dameskapper ladies' barber, stylist, hairdresser
(de) kapster 2 lady barber, hairdresser, stylist

For 'make-up' and 'eyeliner' the English words are used. There is a Dutch word cosmetica for 'make-up,' but it's a bit oldfashioned. Applying theatre make-up is called schminken - a German word. The red powder for ladies' cheeks (blusher?) is
called rouge 2 (French.)
(de) wastafel (wash stand)
(de) badkamer (bathroom)
(de) zeep (soap)
(de) douche (Fr.) (shower)
(de) WC (toilet)
(het) washandje (washcloth)
(het) bad (bath)
(het) toilet (Fr.) (toilet)
(de) handdoek (towel)
(de) kraan (faucet)
(het) WC papier (bathroom tissue)
hear - 2
hear
hear - 2
(de) tandenborstel (toothbrush)
(de) borstel (hairbrush)
(de) tandpasta (toothpaste)
(de) kam (comb)
(het) glas (glass)
(de) shampoo (E.) (shampoo)
(het) bekertje (cup)
(de) spiegel (mirror)
hear - 2
hear - 2
(de) scheerkwast (shaving brush)
handen wassen (to wash hands)
(de) scheerzeep (shaving cream)
tanden poetsen (to brush teeth)
(het) scheermesje (safety razor)
haar wassen (to wash hair)
(het) scheerapparaat (electric shaver)
scheren (to shave)
hear
hear - 2 verbs
Schoonheid 2 means 'beauty' - though in modern, Northern Dutch schoon itself now means 'clean.'
In the South of the Netherlands and in Belgium, schoon still means 'beautiful, pretty.'
For 'clean' Southern Dutch uses zuiver 2 - which in Northern Dutch means 'pure.'

Douche ('shower') and toilet ('toilet') are said as in French.

Shampoo is the Dutchified English word. 'SH' is not found in Dutch words.
The D in tandpasta ('toothpaste') is usualy dropped.
Not every Dutch bathroom has a toilet.
Waar is de WC? Where is the bathroom?
In public places, a sign on that door may say 'Heren' (or old-fashioned 'Heeren') ('Gents') or 'Dames' ('Ladies')
WC-bril 2 ('toilet seat' - the usual meaning of bril is 'glasses, spectacles') - 'bike seat is' zadel 2 - which is of course from
the same root as '(horse) saddle.'

De Keuken

keuken

-2

eethoek

aanrecht

-2

gootsteen

ijskast

(= koelkast

kraan

fornuis

afvoer

oven

-2

gootsteenschepje

magnetron

gaspitje

vork, mes, lepel

lucifers

-2

lepels

(electrisch) kookplaatje

vorken

tafelkleed

messen

eetstokjes

eetlepel, theelepeltje

theelepeltjes

bord, ontbijtbordje, schoteltje

kop en schotel

kommetjes

-2

theelepeltjes

theelepeltjes

borden

kopjes

ontbijtbordjes

bekers

kommetjes

soepkommen

vork, vorkjes

schoteltjes

theekopjes

soepkommen

diepe borden, soepborden

schaal, schaaltje

diepe borden, soepborden

schaal

kommen

schaal

slabak

schalen

glas

fluitketel

koffiebonen

vergiet

glazen

losse thee

wijnglas

- theeblaadjes

koffiemolens

bierglazen

theezakjes

koffie, koffiefilter

zeef

een glas melk

theepot, theemuts

koffiezetapparaat

theezeefje

-2

thermoskan

een beker melk

een kopje thee

een kopje koffie

thermosflessen

koffiebus

>>

keukenmesjes

citroenpers

snijplankje

citroenpers

broodmes, vleesmes

sinaasappelpers

-2

broodplank

knoflookpers

maatbekers

maatlepeltjes

houten lepels

stamper

pan

weegschaal

pollepel

stamper

raspen

pannen

weegschaal

thermometer

garde

schuimspaan

kaasschaaf

appelboor

deksels

-2

steelpannetje

koekepan

braadpan

onderzetters

opscheplepels

-2-3

soeplepel, juslepel

stoompan

onderzetters

schep

snelkookpan

rekjes

ijsschep

taartschep

ovenschaal

broodvorm

schort

schort

bakplaat

cakevormen

pannenlappen

bakvorm

broodrooster

servetjes

deegroller

ovenhandschoenen

- ovenwanten

keukenrol

keukenrol

kookboek

recept

afwasteil

afwasborstels

kruiden

>>

nootmuskaatmolen, pepermolen

2 keukenwekkers

afdruiprek

zandloper

theedoeken

blikopeners

flesopeners

kurkentrekker

rietjes

utdoors

buiten

(de) boom

2 'outside' - buitenshuis

>>

(het) boompje

2 (outside the house) 'outdoors'

(de) bomen

(het) bos

(het) gras

(de) plant

(het) grasveld

(de) struik

(het) park

(de) tuin

2 >>

>>

(het) tuintje

(het) platje

(het) bankje

(het) hek

(de) schutting

(de) speeltuin

(de) bloem

>>

Curiously, Dutch bloem

(de) bloesem

(de) roos

2 >>

(de) tulpen

>>

also means both 'flower' and (white) flour.'

The Neighborhood
(de) buurt 2 ('neighborhood')
buren 2 ('neighbors') - buurman 2 ('male neighbor') - buurvrouw ('female neighbor')
buurjongen 2 ('neighbor boy') - buurmeisje ('neighbor girl')
overburen ('neighbors across the street') - achterburen 2 ('backyard neighbors')
benedenburen 2 ('downstairs neighbors') - bovenburen 2 ('upstairs neighbors')
Beter een goede buur dan een verre vriend. 2 ('A good neighbor is better than a faraway friend.')
(Het) buurthuis 2 ('community center') - (het) burengerucht 'a loud noise that the neighbors
complain about' - by itself, (het) gerucht 2 means 'rumor.'
(De) wijk ('district, neigborhood') - (de) buitenwijk 2 ('suburb')

(De) medemens ('fellow man, fellow human') - the 'neighbor' of the Bible is usually given as (de)
naaste 2 - Heb Uw naaste lief als Uzelf 2 ('Love your neighbor as yourself.')