b gio dc v o to

------------------------ CHNH THC

Cu
I

p n thang im
thi tuyn sinh i hc, Cao ng nm 2004
---------------------------Mn: ha hc, Khi b
(p n - Thang im c 6 trang)

1.

Ni dung

im
1,50

Cu hnh electron v v tr ca Ca v Cl (0,75 im)

Cl (Z = 17): 1s22s22p63s23p5

2.

Ca (Z = 20): 1s22s22p63s23p64s2

0,25

Cl : Chu k 3, phn nhm chnh, nhm VII

Ca : Chu k 4, phn nhm chnh, nhm II

0,25

Lin kt trong CaCl2 thuc loi lin kt ion.

V Ca l kim loi in hnh, Cl l phi kim in hnh

0,25

Hin tng v phn ng gia HCl v Na2CO3 (0,75 im )

a. Lc u khng thy kh bay ra do ch c phn ng:
HCl + Na2CO3 = NaHCO3 + NaCl

0,25

Sau thy c bt kh thot ra, v ton b Na2CO3 chuyn ht thnh

NaHCO3 v c phn ng:
HCl + NaHCO3 = CO2 + H2O + NaCl
Cui cng nu thm tip HCl th khng thy kh thot ra, do NaHCO3 phn
ng ht.

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b. V HCl d nn c ngay bt kh thot ra t dung dch:

2 HCl + Na2CO3 = CO2+ H2O + 2NaCl

0,25

II

1,50
1.

Phn ng ca alanin (0,75 im)

CH3CHCOOH

NaOH

CH3CHCOONa

HCl

NH2
CH3CHCOOH

NH2
CH3CHCOOH +
NH2

HCl

CH3CHCOOH

CH3OH

0,25
0,25

NH3Cl
CH3CHCOOCH3

+ H 2O

0,25

NH2

NH2

2.

+ H 2O

S bin ha (0,75 im)

2 CH4
CH

CH

1500oC
+

HCl

CH
xt

CH

+ 3 H2

(1)

CH2

CHCl

(2)

0,25

n CH2
2 CH
CH

CH

CH

CuCl, NH4Cl

CH

o
Pd , t

CH2 + H2

CH

n CH2

to , p, xt

CHCl

to , p, xt

CH2

CH

CH

CH2

)n

CH2 CHCl

CH2

CH
CH

CH

(3)
(4)

CH2

(5)

CH2

CH

0,25

CH2

(6)

III

0,25
1,50

1.

Cc phng trnh phn ng (1,00 im)

Cho CO qua A nung nng:
+

Fe3O4

CuO

to

4 CO

3Fe

4 CO2

Cu

CO2

CO

Cht rn B: Al2O3, MgO, Fe, Cu.

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Cht rn B + dung dch NaOH d:

2NaAlO2 +
2NaOH
+
Dung dch C: NaAlO2, NaOH d; cht rn D: MgO, Fe, Cu
Al2O3

H2O
0,25

Dung dch C + dung dch HCl d:

+

NaOH
NaAlO2

HCl

Al(OH)3

HCl
+

H2O

3HCl

4HCl

NaCl

H2O

Al(OH)3

NaCl

AlCl3

3H2O

Hoc:
NaAlO2

0,25

NaCl + AlCl3 + 2H2O

Cht rn D + dung dch HNO3 long:

2.

MgO

2HNO3

Mg(NO3)2

Fe

4HNO3

Fe(NO3)3

3Cu

8HNO3

3Cu(NO3)2 +

H2O
+

2H2O

2NO +

4H2O

NO

0,25

iu ch Ca(H2PO4)2 ( 0,50 im)

Ca3(PO4)2 +

3H2SO4

2H3PO4

Ca3(PO4)2 +

4H3PO4

3Ca(H2PO4)2

3CaSO4

(1)
(2)

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100 100
= 700 (kg )

70 80

0,25

Theo (1) v (2):

Khi lng H2SO4 =

468 4 3
98 = 392 (kg)
234 3 2

Khi lng dung dch H2SO470% cn dng = 392

IV

1,50
1.

Xc nh cng thc cu to ca hp cht X (0,75 im)

Theo iu kin bi th C8H15O4N c hai cng thc cu to:

CH3OCO CH2

CH2

CH COOC2H5 hoc C2H5OCO CH2

CH2

NH2

CH COOCH3

0,25

NH2

Cc phng trnh phn ng:

CH3OCO (CH2)2

CH

COOC2H5 + 2NaOH

to

NaOCO (CH2)2

CH

NH2

COONa + CH3OH + C2H5OH

NH2

Hoc:
C2H5OCO (CH2)2

CH COOCH3 + 2NaOH

to

NaOCO (CH2)2

CH COONa + CH3OH + C2H5OH

NH2

NaOCO (CH2)2

HOCO (CH2)2

CH COONa + 3HCl
NH2

2.

0,25

NH2

CH COOH +

2NaCl

0,25

NH3Cl

Xc nh cng thc ca hirocacbon A ( 0,75 im)

Phn t khi ca dn xut brom = 75,5 2 = 151

Gi cng thc ca dn xut brom l CxHyBrz.

151
m z nguyn, dng z = 1
12x + y + 80z = 151 z <
80
Vi z = 1 12x + y + 80 = 151 12x + y =71 x = 5 , y = 11.
Cng thc phn t ca dn xut cha brom l C5H11Br.
Vy cng thc phn t ca hirocacbon A l C5H12, vi cc cng thc cu to:

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CH3

CH3

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH3 , CH3

CH

CH2

CH3 , CH3

CH3
(2)

(1)

CH3

Do ch thu c 1 dn xut brom, nn CTCT ng ca A l cng thc (3).

CH3
CH3
askt
CH3 C CH3
CH3 C CH2 Br + HBr
+
Br2
CH3

0,25

CH3
(3)

0,25

CH3

(3)

2,00
1

Phn trm khi lng ca hn hp A (1,25 im)

Hn hp (Mg, Fe) + dung dch CuSO4:
Trc ht, Mg phn ng:
Mg
+ CuSO4 = MgSO4
Khi Mg phn ng ht th Fe phn ng:
Fe
+ CuSO4 = FeSO4

Cu

(1)

Cu

(2)

V trong dung dch c 2 mui nn CuSO4 v Mg phn ng ht, Fe phn

ng. Hai mui trong dung dch l MgSO4 v FeSO4.

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Dung dch C tc dng vi NaOH:

MgSO4 + 2NaOH = Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4

(3)

FeSO4 + 2NaOH = Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4

(4)

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Nung kt ta:

to

Mg(OH)2

MgO

(5)

+ H2O

4 Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O
4 Fe(OH)3
o
2 Fe(OH)3 t
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
Hay:
to
2 Fe2O3 + 4 H2O
4 Fe(OH)2 + O2

(6)
(7)
(8)

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t x, y, z l s mol Mg, Fe phn ng v Fe cn d (z 0) . Ta c phng

trnh:
mA = 24x + 56(y+z) = 5,1
(9)
Theo cc phn ng (1), (2): mB = 64(x+y) + 56z = 6,9
Theo cc phn ng t (1) n (8):
mD = 40x + 80y = 4,5

(10)
(11)

0,25

Gii h cc phng trnh (9), (10), (11) c x = y = z = 0,0375 (mol)

Thnh phn phn trm ca cc kim loi:
0,0375 24
Mg:
100 = 17,65 (%)
5,1
100 17,65

Fe:
2.

0,25

Nng mol/lt ca dung dch CuSO4 ( 0,25 im)

[CuSO 4 ] =
3.

= 82,35 (%)

x + y 0,0375 + 0,0375
=
= 0,3 (mol/lt)
0,25
0,25

0,25

Th tch kh SO2 ( 0,50 im)

Cht rn B gm Fe v Cu phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 c, nng:

2Fe

6H2SO4 ()

to

Fe2(SO4)3

+ 3SO2

6H2O

2H2O

3
0,0375
2

0,0375
Cu
0,075

2H2SO4 ()

to

CuSO4

SO2
0,075

3
VSO2 = ( 0,0375 + 0,075) 22,4 = 2,94(lt )
2

VI

0,25
0,25
2,00

1.

Xc nh cng thc cc cht c trong hn hp A (1,50 im)

Hai cht c cng mt loi nhm chc + NaOH 1 ru n chc + 2 mui

ca 2 axt n chc, k tip Hn hp A gm 2 este n chc c to bi
cng mt ru n chc v 2 axit n chc ng ng k tip.

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Gi cng thc chung ca hai este trn l CxHyO2 vi s mol hn hp bng a.

Phng trnh phn ng chy:
y
y
CxHyO2 + (x + 1) O2 xCO2 +
H2O
4
2
y
y
(x + 1) a
a
ax
a
4
2
Theo bi:
12,096
10,304
n O2 =
n CO2 =
= 0,54 (mol)
,
= 0,46 (mol)
22,4
22,4

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Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng:

m A + m O2 = m CO2 + m H 2O

m H 2O = m A + m O2 m CO 2

m H 2O = 9,44 + 0,54 32 0,46 44 = 6,48(g) n H 2O =

6,48
= 0,36 (mol)
18

0,25

Theo phn ng chy ta c :

n CO2 = ax = 0,46

(1)

y
= 0,36
2
y
= a(x + 1) = 0,54
4

n H 2O = a

(2)

n O2

(3)

T (1), (2), (3) a = 0,1 (mol)

Khi lng mol phn t trung bnh ca A =

9,44
= 94,4 (g) MA = 94,4 v.C
0,1

0,25

t cng thc chung ca hai este l RCOOR .

47,2
= 0,5 (mol) hn hp A tc dng vi NaOH :
Khi cho
94,4

RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH

0,5
0,5
Khi lng mol phn t trung bnh ca mui (Mmui):
38,2
= 76,4 (g)

R = 76,4 67 = 9,4
Mmui =
0,5
Gc < 9,4 l H gc k tip l CH3
Hai mui tha mn l HCOONa v CH3COONa.

0,25

Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca hai este: MA = 94,4 = 9,4 + 44 + R'
R' = 41 l C3H5.

Vy cng thc phn t ca hai este l C4H6O2 v C5H8O2.

Cng thc cu to tng ng ca hai este:
;
CH3COOCH2CH = CH2
HCOOCH2CH = CH2

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Phn trm khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A ( 0,50 im)

t b, c l s mol HCOOC3H5 (M = 86) v CH3COOC3H5 (M = 100) c trong

9,44 gam hn hp A. Ta c:
b + c = 0,1
(4)
86b +100c = 9,44
(5)

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Gii (4), (5) c:

b = 0,04 ; c = 0,06
Vy phn trm khi lng ca cc este:
0,04 86
100 = 36,44 (%)
HCOOC3H5 :
9,44
CH3COOC3H5 :

100 36,44

= 63,56 (%)

0,25