3rd International Conference on E-Governance

ICEG2005
December 9-11, 2005
http://web.lums.edu.pk/iceg2005

Department of Computer Science

Lahore University of Management Sciences
Lahore, Pakistan
In Collaboration with

Ministry of IT&T, Government of Pakistan

ABSTRACTS

Sponsored by

PITB.GOV.PK

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR INDEX

ABSTRACTS

An Alternative Solution to Biometric Systems to Ensure Uniqueness in Allotment of

Identity Number
8
G T Venkateshwar Rao1, Bhavanishanker Chitoor2, Venkat Reddy K 3, G Venugopal
Rao4
8
An Andhra Odyssey: From In-line to Online Citizens
Raj Singh1, Sanjeev Prashar2

8
8

Analyzing the Need of a Specialized Framework for E-Banking Applications

Syed Jafar Hussain 1, Syed Jamal Hussain 2

9
9

Architecture of IT Enabled Disaster Management System for Governments

Jaijit Bhattacharya1, Afsal Salu2

9
9

Assessing Internal Efficiency, Employees and Public Satisfaction in Police EGovernance

M.P. Gupta, R.K. Mitra

10
10

Automation and Business Process Re-engineering of Credit Information Bureau at

State Bank of Pakistan
10
Asma Amir1, Faisal Amjad Khan1, Mohammed Mujeeb Qayyum1, Mahmood ul
Quddus2
10
Awareness of the Beneficiaries and Commitment and Will of the Facilitators: The
Factors Responsible for the Sustainability of any E-Governance Initiative
11
Himanshu Misra1, Piyush Seth2, Vinay Sharma3
11
Basel II Capital Accord: A Comprehensive Solution
Umar Rafi

11
11

Effectiveness of IT in Business Education: A Case of Business Schools in Pakistan 12

Ahmad Kaleem
12
E-Governance and Citizens Charter: An Agenda for an Effective Delivery
Mechanism -The Ahmedabad Experience
Anita Karwal1, Shri J.N.Singh2, Neeta Shah3

12
12

E-Governance Perspective for Developing Countries: Models and Approach

Vivek Khurana, Shabbirhusain R.V.

13
13
2

E-Governance Requirements for National Statistical Systems: An Opinion

Jaijit Bhattacharya

14
14

E-Governance: New Vehicle, Old Road, How Fast Can it Run? Lessons from the
eJirga Program from Inception to Incubation
14
Noor Mohammed Khan
14
E-Government A Balance Between Process Re-Design, and Technology
Assimilation
Anil P Panikar

15
15

Electronic Identity: The Concept and its Application for E-Government

Amir Hayat, Thomas Rssler, Herbert Leitold, Reinhard Posch

15
15

E-Procurement - A Continuing E-Governance Journey of the State of Andhra

Pradesh - Towards Cost-saving and Transparency in Governments Procurement 16
Ch. Radhakumari
16
Framework for Analyzing E-Government and Assessment Criteria for Gauging
Government Websites in Developing Countries
Gurvinder Kaur

16
16

Implementing E-Government
Abhishek Jain, Vikram Singh Rana

17
17

Implementing E-Government
Shabbir Ahmad, Liaquat Majeed

17
17

Implementing E-Government in Pakistan Risk Assessment with a Perspective of

IT policy
18
1
2
Iffat Batool Naqvi , S.M. Saeed Akhtar
18
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT): Benchmarking EGovernment Services to Citizens in India
Deepak Dogra

18
18

Initiating E-governance in Indian Public Distribution System: The Institutional

Model
Vikas Gupta

19
19

Intra-Operable e-Government for Pakistan: Issues and the Solution

Imran Sarwar, Zafar Imran, Muhammad Naeem Ayyaz

19
19

LOKVANI: An E-ffort to Empower Citizens

Amod Kumar1, Amarpal Singh2, Amit Shukla3

20
20

Managing E-Governance in Pakistan

Asif Kabani

20
20

Managing Stakeholders Interests - A Comparative Study of Corporate Governance

Practices of Two Public Sectors in India
21
Anupama D. Raina, Pradeep Kumar
21
On-line Signature Verification: An Essential Tool in E-Commerce
Mohammad A. U. Khan1, M. Khalid Khan2, M. Aurangzeb Khan2

21
21

PPP Options for ESD Model of Local E-Government

M Kashif Farooq,

22
22

Risk Profile in E-Governance Project

R.D.Choudhari, D.K.Banwet, M.P. Gupta

22
22

Role of E-governance Frameworks in Effective Implementation

Atanu Ghosh , Nitin Arora

23
23

Rural E-Seva: Empowering Rural Citizen

23
Praveen Prakash1, Kanna Babu2, Rameesh Kailasam3, Robby Rawat4, Puneet Chandra5
23
Security/Privacy Issues in Providing Database as a Service
Aniket Kate1, Bernard Menezes2, Ashish Singh2

24
24

Service Oriented Computing Model for E-Government

Syed Waqar ul Qounain Jaffry, M. Atif, M. Idrees

24
24

Towards a Citizen Centric Model of E-Government Adoption

Ajax Persaud1, Irfan Butt2, Bhasker Mukerji3

25
25

POSTER ABSTRACTS

26

Evaluating and Enticing Customers Through 3Es Model in the Networked World:
E-Business, E-Commerce and E-Logistics
27
Nadir Ali Kolachi
27
A Proposed Architecture for Construction of an Efficient Data Mediator to Storing
and Querying XML Data in RDBMS using State-of-the-Art Research and Freely
Available Technologies
27
Saeed Hassan
27
Nadeem A Syed, Nadir Ali Kolachi
28
A Step Towards Personalizing Pervasive e-Business: A High level Quality of Service
Framework
28
Muhammad Taimoor Khan1, Kashif Zia1, M.A. Pasha2, M. Abbas Chaudhary3
28
An Argument for Application of Web Services in E-Government Efforts Underway
in Pakistan
29
Muhammad F. Kaleem
29

CODWIM: Context-based Ontological Dynamic Web Information Mining

Framework for Pervasive Environment
Muhammad Taimoor Khan1, Najma Taimoor2, Muhammad Asif Naeem3,
M. Abbas Choudhary4

29
29
29

Impact of Role-Based Access Control in e-Government

Muhammad Nabeel Tahir1, Shafiq ur Rehman2, Adeel Hameed2

30
30

Knowledge Management Through E-Learning In Public Sector Universities of

Pakistan
Eram Abbasi, Arshad Siddiqi, Nadeem A. Syed

30
30

Portal for Farmer

Madhavi Gangurde

31
31

Security of Courts Data & Documents

Abdul Nasir

31
31

Strategy for Digitization of Courts Record

Abdul Nasir

32
32

Use of IT for Dispensation of Justice: A Case Study - Five C Program:

Computerized Classification and Clubbing of Commercial Cases
Naved A. Andrabi1, Abdul Nasir2

32
32

Author Index
Abdul Nasir................................... 31, 32
Abhishek Jain...................................... 17
Adeel Hameed..................................... 30
Afsal Salu.............................................. 9
Ahmad Kaleem ................................... 12
Ajax Persaud ....................................... 25
Amarpal Singh .................................... 20
Amir Hayat.......................................... 15
Amit Shukla ........................................ 20
Amod Kumar ...................................... 20
Aniket Kate ......................................... 24
Anil P Panikar ..................................... 15
Anita Karwal....................................... 12
Anupama D. Raina.............................. 21
Arshad Siddiqi .................................... 30
Ashish Singh ....................................... 24
Asif Kabani ......................................... 20
Asma Amir.......................................... 10
Atanu Ghosh ....................................... 23
Bernard Menezes ................................ 24
Bhasker Mukerji.................................. 25
Bhavanishanker Chitoor........................ 8
Ch. Radhakumari ................................ 16
D.K.Banwet......................................... 22
Deepak Dogra ..................................... 18
Eram Abbasi........................................ 30
Faisal Amjad Khan ............................. 10
G T Venkateshwar Rao......................... 8
G Venugopal Rao.................................. 8
Gurvinder Kaur ................................... 16
Herbert Leitold.................................... 15
Himanshu Misra.................................. 11
Iffat Batool Naqvi ............................... 18
Imran Sarwar....................................... 19
Irfan Butt............................................. 25
J.N.Singh............................................. 12
Jaijit Bhattacharya........................... 9, 14
Kanna Babu......................................... 23
Kashif Zia............................................ 28
Liaquat Majeed ................................... 17
M Kashif Farooq ................................. 22
M. Abbas Chaudhary .......................... 28
M. Atif................................................. 24
M. Aurangzeb Khan............................ 21
M. Idrees ............................................. 24
M. Khalid Khan .................................. 21
M.A. Pasha.......................................... 28

M.P. Gupta .................................... 10, 22

Madhavi Gangurde.............................. 31
Mahmood ul Quddus........................... 10
Mohammad A. U. Khan...................... 21
Mohammed Mujeeb Qayyum ............. 10
Muhammad Asif Naeem ..................... 29
Muhammad F. Kaleem........................ 29
Muhammad Nabeel Tahir ................... 30
Muhammad Naeem Ayyaz ................. 19
Muhammad Taimoor Khan........... 28, 29
Nadeem A Syed .................................. 28
Nadeem A. Syed ................................. 30
Nadir Ali Kolachi.......................... 27, 28
Najma Taimoor ................................... 29
Naved A. Andrabi ............................... 32
Neeta Shah .......................................... 12
Nitin Arora .......................................... 23
Noor Mohammed Khan ...................... 14
Piyush Seth.......................................... 11
Pradeep Kumar.................................... 21
Praveen Prakash .................................. 23
Puneet Chandra ................................... 23
R.D.Choudhari .................................... 22
R.K. Mitra ........................................... 10
Raj Singh............................................... 8
Rameesh Kailasam.............................. 23
Reinhard Posch ................................... 15
Robby Rawat....................................... 23
S.M. Saeed Akhtar .............................. 18
Saeed Hassan ...................................... 27
Sanjeev Prashar..................................... 8
Shabbir Ahmad ................................... 17
Shabbirhusain R.V. ............................. 13
Shafiq ur Rehman ............................... 30
Shri J.N.Singh ..................................... 12
Syed Jafar Hussain................................ 9
Syed Jamal Hussain .............................. 9
Syed Waqar ul Qounain Jaffry............ 24
Thomas Rssler................................... 15
Umar Rafi............................................ 11
Venkat Reddy K.................................... 8
Vikas Gupta ........................................ 19
Vikram Singh Rana............................. 17
Vinay Sharma...................................... 11
Vivek Khurana .................................... 13
Zafar Imran ......................................... 19
6

Abstracts

An Alternative Solution to Biometric Systems to Ensure

Uniqueness in Allotment of Identity Number
G T Venkateshwar Rao1, Bhavanishanker Chitoor2, Venkat Reddy K 3, G
Venugopal Rao4
1

Addl. Commissioner of Income Tax, Indian Revenue Service Hyderabad, India..

2,3
Software Professional, Posidex Technologies, Hyderabad ,India.
4
Software Professional, Schwab, USA.
gtvrao@yahoo.com, shanker@posidex.com. kvr@posidex.com, gvenug@yahoo.com

Abstract: Allotting a unique identity number to each and every individual is critical for effective
functioning for various law enforcement agencies using e-governance methods as well as implementation
of social sector subsidy schemes to ensure that the benefits will reach the needy and most deserving by
proper identification and targeting. While bio metric based unique numbering scheme is the best solution,
the same is yet to take off due to its cost and the technology which is yet to be proven on very large data
bases. The authors present a alternative solution to it in the form of a innovative name search and matching
engine MIPPRA (Multi Iterative Phonetic Pattern Recognition Algorithm) and PrimeMatch which is based
on number theory as well as concepts from phonetics and pattern recognition. The search engine has the
capability to identify a name in which ever fashion it is written and in conjunction with other parameters
can ensure the allotment of a single unique number almost reaching the accuracy levels of bio metric based
systems. The engine could be employed wherever there is a need to assign, ensure and establish a unique
numbering scheme without the aid of bio metrics so that the costs are less which in turn facilitates better egovernance.

An Andhra Odyssey: From In-line to Online Citizens

Raj Singh1, Sanjeev Prashar2
1
Pro Vice Chancellor, Amity University, NOIDA, India
Associate Professor, Amity Business School, NOIDA, India
Email: rajsingh@abs.amity.edu, sprashar@abs.amity.edu

Abstract - E-governance: Using digital technology to continuously optimize delivery of government

services. E-governance may not be as simple as it sounds especially for the implementer agency, which
faces a tough task while treading uncharted waters of bureaucracy. In its wider perspectives, the paper
examines the role of e-governance as a tool to further economic development and good governance. The
paper explores the journey of Andhra Pradesh on the path towards a Peoples Society to bring out
responsible, efficient and transparent governance. To help its citizens gain one stop access to government
information and services Government of Andhra Pradesh has embarked on a scheme of e-government to
leverage the tools of information and communication technology (ICT) in serving its citizens. However,
the degree of success of e-governance in the state of Andhra is dubious. The cultures of government and IT
are different. IT is for speed, transparency, and universal access. Bureaucratic governments thrive on lack
of access, secrecy and delay. The dilemma remains of whether quality of outcome of e-governance is
determined by IT itself or by a characteristic shift in people responsible for implementation.
Index Terms - E-governance; e-government; Government of Andhra Pradesh

Analyzing the Need of a Specialized Framework for EBanking Applications

Syed Jafar Hussain 1, Syed Jamal Hussain 2
1

Assistant Professor, 2 Associate Dean,

Department of Computer Science, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, Pakistan.
{jafar, sjhussain}@jinnah.edu

Abstract - E-Banking applications are complex systems due to its very nature. New emerging services
offered by banks are to be included in system according to the requirement of their interaction with
customer and other banks. Different modules can be made in different architecture. The paper intends to
analyze the need for a specialized framework for E-Banking applications in Pakistan by identifying the
critical components, tasks and requirement of an E-Banking system while proposing a strategy for its
implementation.
Index Terms - Architecture, E-Banking, Electronic transactions, Analysis, Framework.

Architecture of IT Enabled Disaster Management System

for Governments
Jaijit Bhattacharya1, Afsal Salu2
1

Oracle-HP e-Governance Center of Excellence, Oracle Corporation, Gurgaon, 122 002, India
2
Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, Lucknow- 226 013, India
Jaijit.bhattacharya@oracle.com, saluafsal@sify.com

Abstract - Disasters, both natural and man-made, have been causing large human and economic losses
annually in almost each and every corner of the world. The advent of sophisticated technologies has made
the management of disaster prevention and mitigation activities, faster and more coordinated with the cost
factor coming down appreciably. For efficient and effective disaster response and recovery activities, it
requires that appropriate disaster management systems and architecture framework be put in place prior to
the occurrence of disasters. This kind of preparedness can enable various organizations (governmental and
NGOs) that are involved in providing post-disaster relief, to handle citizens requests for assistance and to
disseminate temporally critical information, more efficiently. This paper analyses the essential components
of an ideal Disaster Management Information System (DMIS) and presents an architecture for handling
disasters that has been used as a basis for the development of a proof of concept at the e-Governance
Center of Excellence in Gurgaon, India. It further attempts to outline the implementation architecture for
the effective management of information and resources on the onset of any disaster. The architecture also
addresses issues related to handling of citizen perception of governments response to a disaster. This is
extremely important in the context of democratic governments whose key business requirement is citizen
goodwill.

Assessing Internal Efficiency, Employees and Public

Satisfaction in Police E-Governance
M.P. Gupta, R.K. Mitra
Indian Institute Technology, New Delhi

Abstract - There is no dearth of research works as such on e-governance in literature. However, one finds a
visible absence of emphasis in relating governance the very context which makes e-governance
meaningful and e-governance. Over-emphasis on e makes e-governance more of techno- centric
phenomenon. The present authors believe that e is such as enabler, which can synergise the points of
interest of those who govern and those who are governed. In this article, an attempt has been made to relate
e-governance applications and their impact on the performance of the service delivery apparatus of a
government department through which end benefits of governance are transmitted to the common citizens.
The organizations discussed in this article are district police organizations of India.
Index Terms E-governance, Indian Police, Performance

Automation and Business Process Re-engineering of

Credit Information Bureau at State Bank of Pakistan
Asma Amir1, Faisal Amjad Khan1, Mohammed Mujeeb Qayyum1,
Mahmood ul Quddus2
1

NetSol Technologies Ltd., NetSol IT Village Main Ghazi Road, Lahore Cantt, Pakistan
2
State Bank of Pakistan, I.I Chundrigar Road, Karachi, Pakistan
{asma.amir, mujeeb.qayyum}@netsolpk.com

Abstract This paper provides overview of an e-governance implementation experience by NetSol

Technologies Ltd. NetSol (NASDAQ:NTWK) and (KSE:NETSOL), a developer of proprietary software
applications and provider of information technology services, carried out business process re-engineering,
development, implementation, testing, training and support services for the automation of Credit
Information Bureau at State Bank of Pakistan. The application Electronic Credit Information Bureau is a
success story catering for the credit bureau operations of State Bank of Pakistan itself and a wide base of
around 120 Financial Institutions under the auspices of Pakistan Banking Association.
Index Terms Credit Information Bureau, State Bank of Pakistan, Business Process Reengineering.

10

Awareness of the Beneficiaries and Commitment and

Will of the Facilitators: The Factors Responsible for the
Sustainability of any E-Governance Initiative
Himanshu Misra1, Piyush Seth2, Vinay Sharma3
1
Mr. Vinay Sharma, Assistant Professor, SRMCEM, Lucknow 15/112
Mr. Himanshu Misra, Lecturer, Management department, SRMCEM, Lucknow,
3
Mr.Piyush Seth, Lecturer, Management Department, SRMCEM, Lucknow, 5/788
vinnu871@ yahoo.com, vinnu71@hotmail.com, himanshu_stp@rediffmail.com, him_4@indiatimes.com,
piyush21oct@rediffmail.com
2

Abstract - Based on an empirical research, this paper is suggestive of two factors namely a) awareness of
the beneficiaries and b) the commitment and the will of the facilitators; for 1) the practical success , 2) the
sustainability and 3) the replicability of an e governance initiative. This paper has targeted the beneficiaries
of an e-governance initiative called Lokvani launched in the district Sitapur in the state of Uttar Pradesh, in
India. The paper is also suggestive of the mentioned factors to be considered as an integrative part for the
desired success of other similar efforts simultaneously citing examples of project which have not been so
efficiently implemented and presuming that awareness of beneficiaries and the commitment and the will of
the facilitators would have been a basis of their failure.

Basel II Capital Accord: A Comprehensive Solution

Umar Rafi
2100 Sherobee Road, Mississauga ON
uxrafi@hotmail.com

Abstract - This paper will cover a comprehensive approach for implementing Basel II solutions for banks,
based on the experience gained through providing similar solutions for the Canadian financial market. It
will, then, attempt to map these Basel II solutions to the Pakistani financial sector. A comprehensive Basel
II implementation must include solutions that cut across a banks risk management, organizational,
business process, software process, data-gathering and information technology layers. It may even demand
an overhaul of how the bank functions. This paper will also discuss the post-Basel II paradigm shift that
will need to take place - bank executives will need to start viewing Risk Management as a means for
creating shareholder value; not only as a means for loss avoidance. It will explain how successful Basel II
implementations can allow banks in overhaul their Risk Management and IT processes and procedures,
giving them a huge edge over their competition. This paper should assist the decision-makers in mapping
out solutions they can use to navigate the challenging and complex waters of the Basel II landscape. At the
very least, it will encourage them not to underestimate the gigantic Basel II wave that is approaching their
shores and banks.
To gain profit without RISK, experience without danger, and reward without work, is as impossible as it
is to live without being born. A. P. Gouthey
Index Terms - Basel II, Risk Management, State Bank, Challenges, RWA

11

Effectiveness of IT in Business Education: A Case of

Business Schools in Pakistan
Ahmad Kaleem
Assistant Professor, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

akaleem@ciitlahore.edu.pk
Abstract - Lucrative, cost-effective and time saving developments in Information Technology have created
a revolution worldwide. Pakistan is among the beneficiaries economies where the business community
stimulates to incorporate IT resources in their organizational culture for speedy, reliable, and economical
solutions. Local universities are no exception to that and are actively involved in research, training and
developing IT-based systems, procedures and tools to transform conventional styles into effective and
efficient IT led educational system. The paper analyzes the effectiveness of IT in business education. The
emphasis is on the impact of IT on business graduates academics. The paper argues that mere allocation of
funds for the development of IT resources does not produce the graduates of market expectations. Business
schools have to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of their investment and must also critically monitor
the learning progress of their business graduates. Sample data of 254 business graduates is collected from
the three leading universities of Lahore; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, University of the
Punjab and University of Management and Technology. Sample data also includes Government College
University, Faisalabad as a special case which hires visiting faculty only. The findings conclude that
business graduates from Government College University Faisalabad are more satisfied. Their graduates
find significant improvement in studies after attending IT courses. Overall business graduates find more
improvement in the general usage of computers and show deficiencies in specific usage (related to different
specialized fields of business education). Majority of them recommended to include more practical issues
and latest technology in IT curriculum.

E-Governance and Citizens Charter: An Agenda for an

Effective Delivery Mechanism -The Ahmedabad
Experience
Anita Karwal1, Shri J.N.Singh2, Neeta Shah3
1

Deputy Director General, SPIPA, Satellite Road, Ahmedabad 380015, Gujarat. India
Secretary, Science & Technology Department, Block No. 7, 5th Floor, New Sachivalaya, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382
010, India
3
Director (e-Governance), Gujarat Informatics Ltd., Block No. 1, 8th Floor, Udyog Bhavan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat,
382 017, India
dydg-spipa@gujarat.gov.in, secdst@gujarat.gov.in, neetas@gujarat.gov.in

Abstract An attempt has been made by Ahmedabad Collectorate to overcome the various shortcomings of
the traditional redressal mechanisms. The District Collectorate of Ahmedabad published its Citizens
Charter in the year 1998, which was given the stamp of approval by the State Government. This Charter
consisted of 75 items which cover almost the entire gamut of functioning of the Collectorate of
Ahmedabad. A two pronged approach to bring about a solution, i.e. to shift office to another premises and
to combine the Citizens Charter with an e-governance initiative was adopted. Capacity building and
cultural change in the organisation of the service providers was considered the most important aspect
outside the software and hardware requirements. Improvement of physical work place was undertaken with
the complete involvement of the employees. It was decided that Time limits for each subject/issue of
citizens charter to be made sacrosanct, and processes reengineered accordingly. Internal processes were
reengineered to make them smooth, speedy and user-friendly and these were prescribed by office order to
all concerned. Standardised and user friendly formats were prepared for each item of the Citizens Charter
and made available at the Jan Sewa Kendras and made also available for downloading from the web-site.
Information regarding status of application is provided on the daily updated screens of the web-site as well
as through the Jan Sewa Kendras, thus making it possible for the citizens to track their application and
interact with the authorities to prevent delay. The Jan Sewa Kendra also caters to receipt of other
complaints outside the Citizens Charter and issues acknowledgement slips, informing and indicating the
office dealing with the complaint and also allows for tracking facility. Special facilities such as drinking

12

water, toilets, ramps for the physically challenged, stamp franking facility, banking facility for depositing
government dues, a clean environment etc. have also been created to ensure customer focus.
The citizen is the most important visitor in our premises. He is not dependant on us. We are dependent
on him. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us the
opportunity to do so. Mahatma Gandhi

E-Governance Perspective for Developing Countries:

Models and Approach
Vivek Khurana, Shabbirhusain R.V.
Students, Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta, Diamond Harbour Road, Joka, Kolkotta, West Bengal INDIA
700104
vivekk2006@email.iimcal.ac.in, shabbirhusain2006@email.iimcal.ac.in

Abstract A government with zero response time, 24hours a day, 7 days a week. It is no longer a pipe
dream with the emergence of e-governance. Authorities, by harnessing the power of the Internet, along
with embracing attendant changes in the way they think on processes and decentralising responsibilities,
would be able to provide efficient governance to the common citizen. Its possible to provide the power of
information and the ease of single click online services, with huge cost savings brought about by the
deployment of readily available technology. However, the application of such technology involves a cost.
These costs are important and significant to developing countries, which have scarce resources, as well as
other more important socio-economic priorities like poverty alleviation programmes. In this context, it is
imperative to study the experiences of developed countries, which have significant exposure to such
exercise of mobilisation of resources, both human and capital, towards development and implementation of
e-governance. Such study would help developing nations and societies apply wisely the meagre resources
they posses to maximise the success of e-governance initiatives in their own countries.
Index Terms E-governance, Models, Recommendations, Case studies.

13

E-Governance Requirements for National Statistical

Systems: An Opinion
Jaijit Bhattacharya
Abstract - E-Governance (eG) implies also informational feedback. The main official feedback circuits are
represented by the electoral feedback and by the statistical information system. The first information
system attracted attention of many people. The concept of e-Democracy was generated and is developing.
The latter seems not to be of large interest. The present paper tries to explain why it is an important
component of eG and formulates some proposals. It can be also considered as a possible example of
requirements and opportunities for a traditional state activity, generated by eG. Following frequent
abbreviations are used: eG: e-Governance; eGvt: e-Government; ICT: information and communications
technology; NSIS: national statistical information system; NSO: national statistical office; NSS: national
statistical system; SES: socio-economic system.

E-Governance: New Vehicle, Old Road, How Fast Can it

Run? Lessons from the eJirga Program from Inception
to Incubation
Noor Mohammed Khan
CEO, eJirga Program. H.No A/32, Sheikhmaltoon Town. Mardan, NWFP, Pakistan
info@eJirga.com, mohammed_noor@hotmail.com

Abstract - Information and communications technology has revolutionized the value chains in the business
sector. Government policy makers around the world are convinced of its utility and are expecting
productivity in service delivery to citizens from the government. This paper examines the challenges of eGovernment interventions deployment in Pakistan. eJirga Program was initiated as a response to the
widening digital divide between rural and urban Pakistan. eJirga envisages playing a productive role in
improving deteriorating service delivery in key public services and plans to use of ICT for productivity
improvement. The case study examines the lessons eJirga Program has learnt through its inception and
piloting of ideas in attempted interventions.

14

E-Government A Balance Between Process Re-Design,

and Technology Assimilation
Anil P Panikar
6-1-133/20, Hari Nilayam, Brooke Bond Colony, Padma Rao Nagar, Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India 500025.
anil_panikar@rediffmail.com

Abstract - This paper explores how e-government can be understood in the context of business
administration. An attempt is made to assess the benefits to stakeholders, namely the citizens, government
and business by the introduction of e-government, by analysis of the contribution in the area of
Government - Citizen services (G2C). The benefits likely to accrue by striking the right balance between
two realms of business administration Process Re-design, and Technology Assimilation when applied in
Government to Business (G2B) application and Government-to-Government (G2G) application is also
discussed.

Electronic Identity: The Concept and its Application for

E-Government
Amir Hayat, Thomas Rssler, Herbert Leitold, Reinhard Posch
Institute of Applied Information Processing and Communication
Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria
(amir.hayat, thomas.roessler, herbert.leitold, reinhard.posch)@iaik.tugraz.at

Abstract - Today Governments around the globe are keen to provide online services to facilitate the
citizens. Their gradual move from the initial stages of Publish and Interact to-wards Transact brings along
additional challenges. One of these challenges is the identification and authentication of a citizen in the eGovernment context. Further, there is also the requirement to provide an alternative to hand written
signatures which is a requirement in several e-Government processes. In this paper we introduce the
concept of electronic identity based on Public Key Infrastructure as a substitute to the password based
authentication system. Moreover, we introduce the concept of electronic signatures which is an alternative
to the handwritten signatures. We then highlight the vital components for establishing such an electronic
identity management system. We also look at how electronic identity is being used in the e-Government
processes in some other parts of the world.
Index Terms - electronic identity, identification, authentication, electronic signature, identity management

15

E-Procurement - A Continuing E-Governance Journey of

the State of Andhra Pradesh - Towards Cost-saving and
Transparency in Governments Procurement
Ch. Radhakumari
Reader, Faculty of Commerce, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning,
Anantapur Campus, Anantapur A.P, India515001
radhakumari_c@yahoo.com

Abstract - Procurement is usually regarded as a sensitive function in the government environment and is
handled in a closely guarded and controlled manner. It is for this reason; procurement is also one of the
sectors that remains insulated against any process improvements. Presently, it is being realized world over,
that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can remove the existing administrative barriers
and make the governments functioning more efficient, accessible and transparent, besides being costeffective. E-procurement is one of the attractive quick-wins in e-government plans of the countries which
have taken the initiative of introducing the e-governance. E-procurement is starting to grow in most
European Union countries and is being driven by a renewed focus on cost cutting, different sourcing
practices, and quantifiable benefits of implementations. E-procurement is related to different aspects of the
procurement function supported by various forms of electronic communication. There is a little history of
extensive use of e-procurement in the public sector except perhaps in certain entities in the military and
public health sectors. The present paper highlights the successful implementation of e-procurement solution
in the State of Andhra Pradesh and the contribution it has made to, the suppliers and government directly,
and the society, indirectly.
Index Terms - e-procurement,
Pricing Engine.

SMART government,

Self service zone,

IT awareness,

Dynamic

Framework for Analyzing E-Government and

Assessment Criteria for Gauging Government Websites
in Developing Countries
Gurvinder Kaur
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India 147001

Abstract - Over the past one decade radical advances in the field of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) have transformed much of the world into a digitally interconnected community that is
increasingly functioning on a 365/24/7 basis. The present work proposes a framework for analyzing egovernment and develops a set of assessment indicators based on the elements of the framework for
benchmarking government websites.

16

Implementing E-Government
Abhishek Jain, Vikram Singh Rana
DMS, IIT-Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016, India
abhishek.j@iitdmba.com, vikram@iitdmba.com

Abstract - The advances in the field of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) have
facilitated better delivery of services to the citizen. E-governance has emerged as an effective system for
the dissemination of benefits to the grass-root level. However, planning for E-governance is the easy part.
Implementation of E-government is the real test. Here, we have discussed the use of LKBS in the
implementation phase of legislation which is the crux for e-governance. LKBS can greatly improve the
correctness, consistency, transparency and more crucially the efficiency of the administration of complex
legislation. Governance in the public context is closely related to government and democracy, but has a
different focus. These three concepts can be considered as different views of political entities such as
nation-states. Government is the institutional view. It focuses attention on political bodies such as cities,
counties and states; the legislative, With respect to the interests of future generations, governance is
entwined with another current topic, sustainability. Democracy is the legitimacy view. It is concerned with
grounding the authority of public institutions in the citizenry or body politic, assuring that actions taken by
public authorities are sincere efforts to achieve the common good and to vest ultimate control and
ownership of public institutions in the citizenry. Finally, governance is the regulatory view. It is about how
to best guide, steer or lead the society so as to identify and realize common interests. LKBS is broadly
defined in two ways: 1) it includes the use of all possible sources of legal knowledge, especially original,
authoritative legal texts, such as legislation and case law, in addition to the commentary or opinion of legal
experts; and 2) it includes all ways of modeling legal knowledge using computers, such as a case-based
reasoning methods or so-called neural networks, in addition to rule-based technology. The LKBS model is
further explained and its usefulness in implementation of e-governance dealt in more detail.

Implementing E-Government
Shabbir Ahmad, Liaquat Majeed
National University of Computer & Engineering Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

shabbirengr@yahoo.com, liaquat.majeed@nu.edu.pk
Abstract - This paper begins with an overview of the functioning of the government machinery in Pakistan
and describes how various government departments have hitherto been functioning and continue to perform
in their classical style. Specific instances of the working of various government entities are quoted and
ramifications of following the classical style are depicted. The paper then identifies the areas where egovernance can be introduced and benefits like economy, speed and consistency eliminating chances of
errors can be realized, at the same time equipping the government machinery with a futuristic disposition
and a forward looking approach eliminating possibility of manipulation. E-governance model proposed for
Pakistan if taken up properly will help proper e-governance implementation in the country.

17

Implementing E-Government in Pakistan Risk

Assessment with a Perspective of IT policy
Iffat Batool Naqvi1, S.M. Saeed Akhtar2
1

Teaching and Research Associate, Institute of Science and Technology Development, Mehran University of
Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
2
Computer Programmer, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL), Office of Divisional Engineer
Phones II, Hyderabad, Pakistan.
iffatnaqvi@hotmail.com, msaeed4@yahoo.com

Abstraqct - The main aim of the paper is to identify various risks for implementing e-government program,
an initiative of Pakistan IT Policy, 2000.

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT):

Benchmarking E-Government Services to Citizens in
India
Deepak Dogra
Professor, Strategic Management, Fortune Institute of International Business, New Delhi: 110061, India.
drdogra@fiibindia.com

Abstract - The application of information and communication technologies (ICT) provides governments
and citizens alike with a set of tools that can potentially transform the way that interactions take place,
services are delivered, goals are met and above all relations are managed between government and citizens.
With this background the authors have attempted to measure e-government readiness bench marking
individual States' online presence by determining the provision of e-government applications and
challenges of state e-government.
Index Terms - ICT, e-governance, e-government, e-citizens, e-administration, e-services and citizen
relationship management.

18

Initiating E-governance in Indian Public Distribution

System: The Institutional Model
Vikas Gupta
301, Sameer Vihar, Modinagar, District - Ghaziabad, 201204. India
Institute of Management Technology, Rajnagar, Ghaziabad, 201001. India
vikasgupta@imt.ac.in

Abstract Public Distribution System (PDS) is a necessity in developing countries to ensure food security
to the citizens but this system is also a big burden on public exchequer. PDS is one of the most critical
areas of governance which must be reformed taking maximum advantage of technological revolution. This
paper attempts to put forward an institutional model that would facilitate e-governance in Indian Public
Distribution System, geared to achieve the desired objectives viz. food security and capacity building of
poorest of poor. The envisaged Public delivery platform will provide whole host of products (food grains,
fuel, cereals etc.) and services (Information on government programmes and aid) provisioned under various
Indian government schemes and poverty alleviation programmes. Among other things, this platform seeks
to build an organization structure which breeds accountability, to leverage the technology which brings in
efficiency and prevents leakages.
Index Terms - Public Distribution System, E-governance, Institutional reforms, Government Expenditure,
Efficiency in governance

Intra-Operable e-Government for Pakistan: Issues and

the Solution
Imran Sarwar, Zafar Imran, Muhammad Naeem Ayyaz
Al-Khawarizmi Institute of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
imsarwar@yahoo.com, {zafarimransyed, mnayyaz}@hotmail.com

Abstract The rapid growth of modern communication and Information Technology (IT) is having farreaching effects on all aspects of modern life including the e-Government. At base level, it is giving rise to
timely delivery of information and services; at a level above, it is enabling citizens to actually conduct
transactions for those services such as paying taxes or claiming and receiving benefits. Therefore, the eGovernment is not limited to the simple on-line integration and presentation of information pertaining to
public administration; it rather represents a deep recasting of the procedures and structure of the
administration resulting in complex yet collaborative workflows among the participating departments. This
requires e-Government solutions to be intra-operable, distributed, and open in nature. The current solutions
to e-Government services in Pakistan have either completely ignored this extremely important point or else
have not paid due attention to it. In this paper, we enlighten these issues in depth and give directions for
building a new distributed, multi-domain, and multi-layered e-Government architecture based on the idea
of service-oriented computing. We present a services-based model framework as a solution for intraoperable e-Government architecture for Pakistan. The framework is scalable and extensible, in the sense
that it can self-configure and facilitate new and future e-services to be easily deployed and integrated into
it. It also provides a solid foundation on which a secure and dependable e-Government infrastructure can be
built.
Index Terms e-Government Architecture, Frameworks, Service-Oriented Computing, Service
Orchestration, e-Government Security.

19

LOKVANI: An E-ffort to Empower Citizens

Amod Kumar1, Amarpal Singh2, Amit Shukla3
1
District Magistrate, Collectorate, Distt-Sitapur, State-Uttar Pradesh, India-261001
District Informatics Officer, Collectorate, Distt-Sitapur, State-Uttar Pradesh, India-261001
3
Oracle-HP e-Governance Center of Excellence, India
amodkumar71@yahoo.co.in, upset@hub2.nic.in, amits3@abs.amity.edu

Abstract The modern administrative systems have become more and more information-based. This has
profoundly altered the environment in which governments, citizens and other organizations operate. It has
also impacted the way in which new systems are being designed. One successful paradigm -the publicprivate partnership project Lokvani had its inception on November 9, 2004 in the district of Sitapur in Uttar
Pradesh, India. It is a single window, self sustainable e-governance solution providing transparent,
accountable and responsive administration for grievance handling; land record maintenance as well as an
eclectic mixture of essential services. Lokvani caters to the needs of three major players resulting in a
symbiotic and mutually beneficial relationship among its benefactors. The model has been commended
unequivocally by various neutral observers/agencies and has been showcased as one of the most successful,
popular and influential e-governance solution implemented in India.
Index Terms Lokvani, E-Governance, 3.6 million population, transparent and accountable government,
living standard of citizen.

Managing E-Governance in Pakistan

Asif Kabani
Deputy Director, Decentralization Support Program, NPSO
Asian Development Bank & Ministry of Finance
Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
asif@kabani.co.uk, www.kabani.co.uk

Abstract - E-governance is about transforming the way government interacts with the governed. The
process is neither quick nor simple. It requires a coherent strategy, beginning with an examination of the
nation's political will, resources, regulatory environment, and ability of the population to make use of
planned technologies. The success of e-governance requires fundamentally changing how government
works and how people view the ways in which government helps them. There is no one size fits all strategy
in implementing e-governance, but we have identified five essential elements in the transformation process.
Some words of caution - the primary motivation for e-governance reforms should not be focused on saving
money or cutting staff. While those can often be valuable results, the savings incurred from e-governance
initiatives most often benefit businesses and citizens utilizing the improved system, and not necessarily the
government agencies that invested in ICT. In order to realize efficiencies, moreover, governments must
develop a citizen-centric model that involves key stakeholders outside of government - businesses, trade
associations, scientists, academics, and NGOs. Without their input, e-governance projects are unlikely to
succeed, because citizens will not use a system that does not respond to their needs. Once a consensus has
been reached, leaders must fully communicate the vision to the public.
Index Terms - E-Governance, management

20

Managing Stakeholders Interests - A Comparative Study

of Corporate Governance Practices of Two Public
Sectors in India
Anupama D. Raina, Pradeep Kumar
Faculty Member, ICFAI Business School
IDPL Complex, Old Delhi Jaipur Road,Dundahera,Gurgaon-122016
anupama@ibsdel.org, pkgarg@ibsdel.org

Abstract: - The culture in the organization, the top management, board of directors and the internal control
system are the key determinants of corporate success and failure. Poor corporate governance can ruin a
company and the good governance can alone make company successful. Companies need to balance
conformance with performance. The performance dimension of corporate governance focuses on more on
value creation for all stakeholders. It is only the corporate governance practices which can promote ethical
practices with in the organization and ensure returns on investments for stakeholders. With corporate
governance ratings, SEBI and the government have an unique opportunity to provide incentives for better
business practices and encourage ethical practices in the corporate sector. The focus of this research paper
is to examine whether public sector firms are following the corporate governance practices. A Sample of
two public sector companies was taken which are operating in India. Results showed that both the
companies are following the guidelines prescribed by SEBI under Clause 49 of The Listing Agreement.
The paper also examines the implementation as per the listing agreement of clause 49.
Index Terms Corporate Governance, Strategy, Governance, Ethics, Ethical Practices.

On-line Signature Verification: An Essential Tool in ECommerce

Mohammad A. U. Khan1, M. Khalid Khan2, M. Aurangzeb Khan2
1,2

Department of Electrical Engineering,

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
{1mohammad a khan, 2khalid_aurangzeb}@yahoo.com

Abstract This paper presents a new method for on-line signature verification and its application in
E-commerce. Training of our proposed system revealed the fact that low velocity components of a
signature are closed together in space and have a little spatial consequence and these velocities can be
easily forged. Whereas spatial areas of signature corresponding to high velocities, do not remain same in
different trials of a person. Due to the fact we declared these areas unreliable for authentication purpose.
However, spatial areas of signature corresponding around average velocity seem to be much reliable for
authentication. Our proposed system decomposes the spatial area corresponding to reliable velocity band
into two partitions. Continuous spatial areas in each of these signature partitions are named as strokes.
Least square distances of these strokes are used for verification purpose. Results of experimentation on two
different datasets give a remarkable FAR and FRR up to 0.5%.
Index Terms Signature verification, E-commerce, Security.

21

PPP Options for ESD Model of Local E-Government

M Kashif Farooq,
Punjab Information Technology Board, 4th floor, 3rd Building Aiwan-e-Iqbal, Egerton Rd. Lahore, Pakistan.
kflogics@hotmail.com

Abstract To study the PPP (Public Private Partnership) options for ESD (Electronic Service Delivery)
model of local e-government on the basis of international experience. In this paper, PPP opportunities
related with e-government has been derived from different general guidelines or manuals for the private
sector financing in general or conventional local government infrastructure.

Risk Profile in E-Governance Project

R.D.Choudhari, D.K.Banwet, M.P. Gupta
1

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India

rdchoudhari@mit.gov.in

Abstract - E-governance development activities are full of risk and uncertainties, which require to identify
the important factors that are responsible for failure of the project, such as organizational environment,
team, user, requirements, complexity, planning and control. This paper performs a cluster analysis to
profile the risk for low, medium and high level of project risk for each dimension of risk. Impact of risk on
the characteristics of project, such as project scope, sourcing practices and strategic orientation were
analyzed. Based on the observation, a conceptual model of the project risk and performance was presented.
Index Terms E-Governance Project; Risk Analysis; Empirical Studies

22

Role of E-governance Frameworks in Effective

Implementation
Atanu Ghosh , Nitin Arora
Shailesh J Mehta School of Management IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076. India.

atanu@som.iitb.ac.in, nitinarora@iitb.ac.in
Abstract - Citizens & businesses are increasingly holding governments accountable, by seeking
responsiveness, transparency and accountability in all operations. Governments too are meeting the needs
by making structural and procedural changes in various departments. Processes are being re-worked to
effectively implement the framed policies, and steps are being taken towards implementing the concept of
e-governance. The citizens can participate in policy making and its implementation by better interaction
with government and this nature of interaction is changing by increased diffusion and utilization of
information technology. Various state governments have launched efforts towards implementing an eGovernance solution, but most of them are isolated efforts. To scale it on a nationalized level, a framework
is required which will set the standards and address issues ranging from infrastructure to customizing it to
local needs. This paper attempts to delve deeper into what is the need for such a framework, what are the
challenges before it, and the benefits that can be accrued from it.
Index Terms - e-governance, framework, need, challenges, benefit

Rural E-Seva: Empowering Rural Citizen

Praveen Prakash1, Kanna Babu2, Rameesh Kailasam3, Robby Rawat4, Puneet
Chandra5
1

District Administrator, Vishakapatnam, India, 2Project Director, eSeva, Vishakapatnam, India, 3Centre Manager,
Oracle-HP e-Governance Centre of Excellence, India, 4,5Oracle-HP e-Governance Centre of Excellence, India
1
praveenp2us@yahoo.com, 3rameesh.kailasam@oracle.com, 4rawatrobby@rediffmail.com,
5
chandra_iiitm@yahoo.com

Abstract The advances of technology are worthless unless they dissipate into the life of people to benefit
them and changing the way of their day to day life processes. Information today drives the decisions, the
policies have profoundly altered the environment in which governments, citizens and other organizations
operate. Not only it has altered the way system is run but has also derived the need to make citizens the part
of this system. To continue with the technology advancement, the eSeva project was launched in 2001 to
bridge the digital divide furthering the cause of e-governance with the help of Information Technology for
providing access to various B2C (Business to Citizens) and G2C (Government to Citizen) services to the
citizens. The inception of eSeva saw a host of offline services. While being sustainable the initial eSeva
initiative lacked the capacity and reach. To increase the number of services offered and the penetration and
into a large number of users the Payment Based services were started and implemented through The
Capacity building of the Kiosk operators, a pilot project in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. The
eSeva Centers (Kiosks) offer payment based services to the citizens especially in the rural areas hence
increasing the capacity of these Kiosks. The self sustainable business model of these Kiosks gives them
strength to sustain future and ensure steady growth of these independent business units. The Administration
of Visakhapatnam has acted as a significant and effective facilitator in providing IT Infrastructure, Loans
on subsidized interest and Debit/Credit cards to the Kiosks through which operators are able to access
online payment-based services. This paper studies in details the success of the payment based services in
increasing the capacity of these Kiosks as also providing an effective digital interface between the
Government and citizens.
Index Terms IT, Kiosk, Capacity Building, eSeva, SHGs, Credit/Debit Card, Online system, Transaction

23

Security/Privacy Issues in Providing Database as a

Service
Aniket Kate1, Bernard Menezes2, Ashish Singh2
1

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
2
K. R. School of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400076, India.
E-mail: aniketpkate@iitb.ac.in, bernard@it.iitb.ac.in, ashishc@it.iitb.ac.in

Abstract Outsourcing of various IT services has increased manifold in the last few years. In the arena of
remote hosting of applications and databases, access control, privacy and trust are paramount. In many
web-based, multi-tiered applications, it may not be feasible to enforce access control in the application tier
motivating the need for a database tier firewall. This would be the case in centralized supply chain
management where different partners in the supply chain are permitted to host their custom-designed
software. We highlight the main requirements for a database tier firewall and then study the application of
some leading edge technologies in its construction.
Index Terms Access Control, ASP, SCM, Database Tier Firewall, Query Modification.

Service Oriented Computing Model for E-Government

Syed Waqar ul Qounain Jaffry, M. Atif, M. Idrees
Punjab University College of Information Technology, Allama Iqbal Campus, PC 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
{swjaffry, atif, idrees}@pucit.edu.pk}
Abstract - E-government is the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) within
public administration to optimize its internal and external functions, provide government, the citizen and
business with a set of tools that can potentially transform the way in which interactions take place, services
are delivered, policy is developed and implemented, citizens participate in governance, and public
administration reform and good governance goals are met. However, while the benefits of e-government
are in theory numerous, global experience to date indicates that they remain much more elusive in reality
demand more sound approaches to its architecture. In this paper we have purposed e-government model
based on Service Oriented Computing Architecture (SOCA) that incorporates integration of government
legacy systems offering service composition, discovery, selection and execution, in transparent and
platform independent protocol. We introduces E-government Service Manager as a pivotal entity of this
model that provides a dynamically extendable architecture in which each sector or department can
introduce new services or enhance the existing services with zero downtime.

24

Towards a Citizen Centric Model of E-Government

Adoption
Ajax Persaud1, Irfan Butt2, Bhasker Mukerji3
1

School of Management, University of Ottawa, Canada, 2,3 Eric Sprott School of Business, Carleton University,
Ottawa, Canada
ajax1@sympatico.a,butcnet.carleton@gamil.com

Abstract Canada has been the worlds leader in e-government maturity for the last five years. In spite of
this distinction, the vast majority of Canadians visit government websites just to obtain information rather
than interacting or transacting with the government. The global average for government website usage by
citizens is about 30%. In Canada, this statistic is over 51%. It seems that the rate of adoption of egovernment has fallen below expectations globally although some countries are doing better than others.
Clearly, a better understanding of why and how citizens use government websites and their general
dispositions towards e-government is an important research issue. This paper initiates discussion of this
issue by proposing a conceptual model of e-government adoption that places users as the focal point for egovernment adoption strategy.
Index Terms customer orientation, e-government, adoption, model, Canada

25

Poster Abstracts

26

Evaluating and Enticing Customers Through 3Es Model

in the Networked World: E-Business, E-Commerce and
E-Logistics
Nadir Ali Kolachi
Institute of Management & Computer Sciences
Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
nadir.kolachi@gmail.com, nadir@bimcs.edu.pk

Abstract: - Electronic Business is the term, which covers various aspects of different business activities,
like CRM, SCM, ERP, ECOM, MCOM and based on the universally accepted networked environment of
todays fast paced changing technological era. The power, which remained with the sellers before the
advent of Internet, has now shifted to the buyers because of the umpteen choices available due to the
Internet, which made every organization ubiquitous. The commonality of IT literacy around the world has
inspired the organization to have web existence and offer what they have in any where of the world. The
technology has brought lots of miraculous facilities, which has relaxed the customers from very
complicated traditional methods. There is lots of research has been conducted on the topic but still some
room available on empirical and theoretical electronic business aspects which are marginally touched upon
in this paper. The type of the research in this paper is basic and more towards exploratory nature based on
the literature survey, interviews (Structured & Unstructured) from top-notch executives of national &
multinational organizations, email interviews and inquiries from different IT and Electronic business
domain companies. The paper consists of five sections in general: First is about the introduction, concepts
and definitions, Second part focuses on the electronic business and its similar level of categories. This will
cover the Ebusiness, Ecom innovations, cases and technological facilities. Third is regarding the relevance
of some aspects based on technological patterns. Fourth is about the futuristic perspective of the topic, its
complications and benefits. Fifth is followed by the conclusions, recommendations, some important key
words, references and bibliography.

Index Terms E-Com, E-business, E-Logistics, ERPs and IT

A Proposed Architecture for Construction of an Efficient

Data Mediator to Storing and Querying XML Data in
RDBMS using State-of-the-Art Research and Freely
Available Technologies
Saeed Hassan
PAF-Karachi Institute of Economics & Technology
saeedhisbani@aasml.com

Abstract - In this paper the architecture for an efficient data mediator to storing and querying XML data in
any RDBMS is proposed. In this architecture the latest researched model mapping method SUCXENT++
and free of cost available technologies MySQL, PhpMyAdmin and PHP are used. Recursive XML queries
are considered to be quite significant in the context of XML query processing and yet this issue has not
been addressed satisfactorily in the existing solutions. The proposed mediator is more efficient than the
existing solutions with respect to Query processing specially handling of recursive XML queries and
updating. Instead of XPath; XQuery query processor is used for the querying of XML data as it is going to
be standard XML query processing language.

27

A Qualitative Analysis of E-Governance from

International Dimension Towards Pakistani Perspective
Nadeem A Syed, Nadir Ali Kolachi
Bahria University, Karachi,Pakistan
hod_ms@bimcs.edu.pk, nadir@bimcs.edu.pk

Abstract-The Information age has brought umpteen solutions of getting people together from all over the
world through the advanced networked and communication technologies. The information age, the
information superhighway and information literacy has changed the work process from traditional to
computer related scenario based on the internet commonality around the globe. Such things have also been
initiated the government processes, all governments dealings to public, private or any other means. The
technology has pushed the companies and governments to pace with the technological changes. The egovernance is the governments working process through information, technology, communication, mobile
communication etc. E-governance is the facilitative opportunity for connectivity to its public through
online coordination. The paper explains the e-governance concepts from international dimension which
relates to the governments working of different countries. It further explicates the Pakistans perspective
that how much it is available in Pakistan. The paper also focuses on the issues and obstacles which usually
turn upon during the process of e-governance set up in Pakistani environment. The paper comprises on four
sections: First is about the concepts, definitions and introduction, Second is regarding e-governance in
international dimension, Third focuses on e-governance in Pakistani set up, Four is about the issues and
recommendations and Fifth is followed by the conclusions, research methodology and some important
references.
Index Terms E-Governance, E-Commerce, ERPs, Information Literacy and E-inclusion to society

A Step Towards Personalizing Pervasive e-Business: A

High level Quality of Service Framework
Muhammad Taimoor Khan1, Kashif Zia1, M.A. Pasha2, M. Abbas
Chaudhary3
1

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad

2
Punjab University College of Information Technology,
University of the Punjab, Lahore-54000
3
Balochistan University of IT & MS, Quetta
{taimoor, kashif}@ciit.net.pk, **mapasha@pucit.edu.pk,*abbas@buitms.edu.pk

Abstract - With the rapid development in the technology industry it is need of the hour to make use of technology to
help in making more precise decision in our business world, where the smallest event in the world can change the entire
broker market. The paper focuses on the seamless integration of technology in daily life, which is the core of pervasive
computing. In this paper, we integrated some business standards to make more precise decisions while making
business. In this regard, pervasive computing plays a vital role, as the focus in this paper is e trading, which is very
crucial and important for the executives to keep them aware of the current international issues, which can effect the
business economy. We tried to provide a quality of service based framework, which can help the executives in making
decisions that are more reliable. On the technical side of the framework, we used ebXML for the business management,
while the criticality and reliability of the decision is justified by knowledge management systems using context-aware
pervasive computing. Pervasive Markup Language is used to support the decisions in e-business, which is integrated
with ebXML to complete the entire business process. The focal features covered in the paper regarding the next
evolution of business are : Changing Business environment, Changing Information Technology environment, Corporate
response, Current trends and potential challenges, Effective foundation for e-Business, Business strategies and major
changes, Quality of service provision regarding business, Strategic direction.

28

An Argument for Application of Web Services in EGovernment Efforts Underway in Pakistan

Muhammad F. Kaleem
Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
E-mail: farhat@gmail.com

Abstract - The web services and service-oriented architecture (SOA) vision is about building large-scale
integrated applications from coarse-grained, autonomous components called services. This vision is being
driven by the economic need for ever greater levels of integration and automation, and particularly by the
need to implement large-scale cross-organisational business processes. E-governance efforts can be
categorized as the use of advanced information and communication technologies to provide information
and services to citizens more effectively and efficiently, and also to allow citizens to participate in the
government decision-making process. In this position paper we present our point of view regarding
application of web services to E-government efforts underway in Pakistan. We are interested in utilizing
the service-oriented architecture to build business processes spanning multiple organisations, starting from
autonomous services offered by different organisations. In the context of E-government efforts, we see it as
an effective method to provide comprehensive services to the citizens, effectively going beyond just
providing them information electronically.

CODWIM: Context-based Ontological Dynamic Web

Information Mining Framework for Pervasive
Environment
Muhammad Taimoor Khan1, Najma Taimoor2, Muhammad Asif Naeem3,
M. Abbas Choudhary4
1

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad

2
Punjab University College of Information Technology,
3
University of the Punjab, Lahore
4
Balochistan University of IT & MS, Quetta
taimoor@pucit.edu.pk, **najmataimoor@yahoo.com, *naeembuitms@hotmail.com, *abbas@buitms.edu.pk

Abstract - As Web is a huge resource repository, due to which growth of dynamic Web page generation techniques,
the amount and the complexity of Web information has been increasing explosively, as has the information contained
within Web pages. Most of the unstructured and irrelevant information is distributed and mixed throughout a page,
making it difficult to automatically drive the user for Web information (context-based) browsing, it is also difficult to
identify the useful information in that page specified to the user context. We propose the dynamic Web information
adaptation framework in this paper, using the framework, we can extract the significance and the relationship value of
information contained within a Web page in accordance with the users context, the track of the user context will also
be maintained in order to facilitate him/her with more useful information using Web mining agents. This framework
can be used to generate new dynamic Web information structure for the browsing process. Our context-based dynamic
information adaptation framework transforms the information in a new Web information structure using the contextaware information generation process by applying the Ontologies of Web pages to build the new information structure,
the Agents are used to collect and mine the Web context information.

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Impact of Role-Based Access Control in e-Government

Muhammad Nabeel Tahir1, Shafiq ur Rehman2, Adeel Hameed2
1

Multimedia University Malaysia, 2Lahore University of Management Sciences

m_nabeeltahir@hotmail.com, 04030022@lums.edu.pk

Abstract - E-Government is the deployment of digitized inter-connective communication systems linking

governmental organizations and its stakeholders such as the public, businesses, and other governments.
Over the past few years, the positive benefits of e-government have become widely recognized among
government sector, and efforts to implement IT-driven government reforms have increases there pace.
Many security issues have come across the path of rapid implementation of E-Government Applications.
Amongst which user access was one of the most complex and vast security issue. In this paper we shall
discuss the impact of Role-Based Access control in the e-Government.

Knowledge Management Through E-Learning In Public

Sector Universities of Pakistan
Eram Abbasi, Arshad Siddiqi, Nadeem A. Syed
Bahria University, BIMCS, Kahachi, PAKISTAN
BIZTEK.Institute of Business & Technology, Karachi, PAKISTAN
Bahria University, BIMCS, Kahachi, PAKISTAN
E-mail: eram@bimcs.edu.pk, arshadbsiddiqi@gmail.com, hod_ms@bimcs.edu.pk

Abstract - In the modern era of globalization, Information & Knowledge is considered as the most vital
resource for organizational stability. Efficient management of Information and transforming it into
Knowledge is considered as a Critical Success Factor. Knowledge Management through eLearning is
becoming a necessity of the era of globalization because eLearners need an efficient Knowledge
Management system that can provide them the right content that they require. The paper firstly reviews the
foundations of Knowledge Management to establish the basis for the conceptual understanding of
Knowledge Management through eLearning. With these theoretical bases, then a generalized model for
Knowledge Management in an eLearnig environment for universities has been proposed. The discussion
continues with concepts as to how this model can be used to efficiently manage Knowledge through
eLearning in any public sector university of Pakistan. Finally, the implications of this model are discussed
with directions for further research.

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Portal for Farmer

Madhavi Gangurde
Vidyavardhini's College of engineering, vasai (W), Dist Thane, Maharashtra

Abstract - Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy as it serves about 80% of its population living in
rural areas and raw materials to a number of agro industries. It is therefore critical to the modernization of
Indian economy. From the stage of struggle to take care of basic food requirements of a burgeoning
population during the independence Indian agriculture has come a long way towards visualizing
tremendous potential for commercial and export oriented agribusiness. Electronics has to play a critical role
in agriculture. We have to go for a selective mechanism by adoption of efficient equipment and practices.
Adoption of low cost electronic gadgets and appropriate machinery are the key to transforming Indian
agriculture and agro based business. Most of the farmers in our country have small-scale agricultural land
and industries and the focus has to be on improving productivity involving adoption and development of
appropriate machinery and instruments for the size of land holding. There is already a gradual shift towards
precision research and precision agriculture. Customers can access information on crop production and
forecasts, market updates, the latest shipment positions and the prevailing foreign exchange rates.

Security of Courts Data & Documents

Abdul Nasir
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, UET, Lahore.
nasir_bhutta@yahoo.com

Abstract - The increasingly widespread use of IT has proved necessary to support courts functions. But it
has also posed serious problems of documents/data security. In fact, damage in such environment does not
only affect a single user or application but rather the whole information system: hence, consequences are
unpredictable. Advances in information processing techniques (tools and languages) aimed at a
simplification of human machine interfaces have served to make data/documents available to different
types of users consequently more serious security problems arise. Therefore in IT based judicial system
security is essential both to assure systems continuity and reliability and to protect documents/data and
programs from destructions, modifications, theft and unauthorized disclosures. In judicial environments
secrecy of information is strictly coupled with the applications environments and with the internal policies
or rules and regulations of the courts. Consequently, in such environments secrecy will be ensured only for
a portion of data that is defined as critical. Security of courts document is a critical issue. There is a need to
encourage the court officials to implement certain measures for security of courts documents. A solution to
this problem is possible by preservation of judicial record on electronic devices. A duplicate copy of record
will available and it will also lead to paperless environment. Delay and inconvenience faced by the litigant
public as well as counsel for having copies of orders/judgments will be reduced. All the information/record
will be integrated and chances of tampering with it will be eliminated.

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Strategy for Digitization of Courts Record

Abdul Nasir
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, UET Lahore.
nasir_bhutta@yahoo.com

Abstract - The increase in rate of litigation has led to increase in Judicial cases record. This means that more space in
record room is required. Non-availability of further space is the major issue of departments/organizations. Secondly
insecurities of record and probabilities of natural calamities are there. Preservation of Judicial record on electronic
devices can be the best solution for above problems. This will lead to paperless environment. Delay and inconvenience
faced by the litigant public for having copy of judgments will be reduced. Chances of tampering, destruction and theft
will be eliminated

Use of IT for Dispensation of Justice: A Case Study Five C Program: Computerized Classification and
Clubbing of Commercial Cases
Naved A. Andrabi1, Abdul Nasir2
1

Advocate Supreme Court, 8 Faridkot Link Road Lahore 54000.

Department of Computer Science & Engineering, UET Lahore.
andrabi@brain.net.pk, nasir_bhutta@yahoo.com

Abstract - The province of the Punjab being a densely populated area tends to have more litigation and
contributes towards the high number of pending cases at all levels of the litigation including High Court. At
the beginning of the year there were around sixty six thousand cases that were pending before the Lahore
High Court. The desire to reduce the pending cases and dispensation of justice was the motive behind the
use of new ways and means to clear the backlog. It was for this reason that on the initiative of the
honorable Chief Justice the use of information technology was made a tool to find a way to achieve the
desired goal. The information technology was used to identify the categories of cases that were pending
before the High Court under the appellate and original jurisdiction. The cases were then sorted out on the
basis of the following categories;
1
Text Base
2
Enactment or Statute Base
3
Subject/Nature + Enactment Base
Classification/categorization of Cases of same Subject/nature/topic and section of law will be basis for
clubbing of similar type of cases. Manual categorization and classification of cases is difficult. The solution
is only possible by use of Information Technology for retrieval of similar types of cases. This methodology
can help in better Judicial Cases management, reducing the workload and dispensation of Justice. In the
first phase the cases under the following four broad categories were segregated and i.e. Civil, Criminal,
Constitutional, and Commercial.
The number of cases pending in the first three categories was quiet high, therefore, the planned
segregation on the basis of subject/nature plus enactment by use of information technology was identified
as a pilot or test project to be implemented phase wise. The Commercial cases were further classified on the
following basis; Tax/Revenue, Company, Banking, Labor, and Others. In the first phase of the

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implementation of the pilot project Tax/Revenue cases were selected and the following classifications on
the basis of enactments were identified: Income Tax, Sales Tax, Customs, Wealth Tax
The cases under the different enactments were identified on the basis of subject classification duly related
with the section or heading given in the enactment e.g.
Reopening of cases in Income Tax U/S 65 of the Income Tax Ordinance, 1979
Admissibility of input tax U/S 73 of the Sales tax Act, 1990
Clearance of goods U/S 83 of the Customs Act 1969
Revision of Assessments U/S 17B of the Wealth Tax Act, 1963
The identified cases under the above enactments were then placed before a specified division bench of
the High Court and decided simply on being the same issue. In the first phase of trial implementation a total
number of 1400 cases out of 4735 cases pending under the commercial category have been disposed of and
several others are under process of finalization. This classification of cases has been implemented at the
filing stage also for the reason that new cases on similar or identical issues under an enactment may also be
placed before the same bench of the Court. In this view of the matter the cases pending before the Court are
getting disposed of and also the consistency in judgment on the same issue is being maintained. It is our
hope that the phase wise successful implementation of the technique based on the information technology
will help clear the long out standing pending cases at the Lahore High court.

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Sponsored by

PITB.GOV.PK

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