Calculate Original Gas in Place with a P/Z Chart

Example of matching p/z data to determine G, Original Gas-In-Place

p
z

p
z

( ) ( )(
=

Model parameters:
(p/z)i, Initial value of p/z, psia =
G, Original Gas-In-Place, MMscf =

Field data:
Gp
(MMscf)
0.000
2.460
4.920
7.880
11.200
41.68

data

p/z
(psia)
5,000.0
4,795.0
4,545.0
4,167.0
3,636.0

model

calc. p/z
(psia)
5,072.7
4,773.3
4,473.9
4,113.6
3,709.6
0

r2, residual
squared
5279.449
472.336
5058.965
2848.546
5412.433

Sum of r2 =

19071.73

G
Minimize this by
changing (p/z)i and
G [or only G] with
Solver

Gp
G

6,000.0
5,000.0

5,072.7
41.68

f(x) = - 121.704681527x + 5072.6611746407

4,000.0
p/z (psia)

Model:

3,000.0
2,000.0
1,000.0
0.000

10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.

Cumulative Production, Gp (MMscf)

Note - The initial p/z is usually the most accurate data, so

often you will want to "honor" that point by only changing
G to match the observed data.
1. Changing only G, G = 44.30 MMscf.
2. Changing (p/z)i and G, G = 41.68 MMscf

21.704681527x + 5072.6611746407

0 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000

tive Production, Gp (MMscf)
most accurate data, so
point by only changing

0 MMscf.
41.68 MMscf

Calculate Original Gas in Place with Excel

This Excel spreadsheet calculates the Original Gas in Place with a p/z plot. Specifically, this spreadsheet fits the

where
(p/z) is the observed values of pressure over compressibility (collected during the life of a reservoir)
Gp is corresponding cumulative gas production (again collected during the life of a reservoir)
(p/z)i is the initial value of pressure over compressibility of the system
G is the original gas in place
This equation is simply a material balance, which many engineers use to determine the Original Gas in Place in
This screen grab illustrates the contents of the spreadsheet.

The spreadsheet is easy to follow. It simply minimizes the sum-square residuals (difference between predicted a

Fundamentally, this method is pretty simple to understand - we're simply locating the intercept on the x-axis (w

This method of determining the Original Gas in Place is only suitable for normally pressurized gas reservoirs, wh

ly, this spreadsheet fits the observed p/z data and cumulative gas product to the following curve

ife of a reservoir)

he Original Gas in Place in volumetric natural gas reservoirs. It assumes a constant pore volume and includes the effect of gas expansion. Note that t

rence between predicted and actual values of p/z) by varying G. You can also choose to vary (p/z) i in addition to G to minimize the sum-square resi
intercept on the x-axis (where p/z = 0) of a straight line fit of G against p/z, as illustrated by this picture.

ssurized gas reservoirs, where the gas expansion is the only significant factor contributing to gas production. This method, however, is not suitable f

gas expansion. Note that the equation predicts a linear relationship between p/z and G

nimize the sum-square residuals, but since this value is usually accurately measured, this is not recommended.

, however, is not suitable for abnormally-pressurized reservoirs, where gas production is affected by formation compressibility (i.e.the expansion of

bility (i.e.the expansion of sand, rock and water). Gas reservoirs are often abnormally-pressurized if they are in contact with aquifers

with aquifers