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CLCULO VECTORIAL
CAPTULO II
Joseph-Louis Lagrange
SESIN 21
f (P) = g ( P)
g (P) = 0
1736 -1813
Rosa ique Alvarez
(Paraboloide)
(segmento recto)
Rosa ique Alvarez
TEOREMA DE LAGRANGE
f ( P ) = g ( P )
Rosa ique Alvarez
1
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INTERPRETACIN GEOMTRICA
MTODO DE LAGRANGE
Sea S la superficie definida por z = f (x, y)
Curvas de nivel f (x, y) = c ,
c = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
Condicin g (x, y) = 0
Curva de nivel g(x, y) = 0 de la superficie w =g(x, y)
f (P0 )
g(P0 )
10
INTERPRETACIN GEOMTRICA
MTODO DE LAGRANGE
MTODO DE LAGRANGE
f (P) = g (P)
g (P) = 0
1
424
3
CONDICION
11
12
2
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INTERPRETACIN GEOMTRICA
13
MTODO DE MULTIPLICADORES
DE LAGRANGE (una condicin)
14
MTODO DE MULTIPLICADORES
DE LAGRANGE (una condicin)
Si f tiene un valor extremo con condicin en el punto
P, entonces
f (P) = g (P)
g ( P ) = 0 condicin o restricci n
SISTEMA DE
ECUACIONES
f
g
( P) =
( P)
x
x
f
g
( P) =
( P)
y
y
g ( P) = 0
15
condicin o restriccin
EJEMPLO 1
SOLUCIN
Funcin Objetivo
16
:f (x, y) = x y
Funcin rea
(Superficie)
(x , y)
Condicin
: g(x, y) = x2 + y2 4 = 0
Longitud diagonal
17
18
3
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Funcin rea
f(x,y)=xy
x = 2 cos t
C : y = 2 sent t [0, / 2]
z = 4 cos t sent
19
20
SOLUCIN
SOLUCIN
f ( x, y) = g ( x, y )
g ( x, y) = 0
f ( x, y) = g ( x, y )
g ( x, y) = 0
y = (2 x )
x = ( 2 y)
x 2 + y 2 = 4 condicin
SISTEMA DE
ECUACIONES
21
22
Resolviend o el sistema
x = y = 2 ; = 1/ 2
Area = 2
3.5
14
16
(sqrt(2) ,sqrt(2))
2.5
12
Curva Condicin
Curva de Nivel
Maximo
1.5
k=4
k=3
k=2
2
0.5
k=1
0
0
23
0.5
1.5
2
X
2.5
3.5
24
4
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g(x, y, z) = 0
f
g
=
x
x
f
g
=
y
y
f
g
=
z
z
g ( x, y , z ) = 0 condicin o restricci n
Rosa ique Alvarez
25
5
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