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Introduction
An Example
A conducting rod
A conductingg block
An Example
A conducting rod
d 2T
dx
T Ta
T ( 0)
T ( L)
A conductingg block
2T
2T
2 0
2
x
y
T (0, y )
T ( L, y )
T ( x,0) T Ta
T ( x, d ) T Ta
FA dCdxA r C A
Initial Condition:
C A x 0 C0
Unsteady Model
Model:
Initial
I ii lC
Conditions:
di i
C A
C A
F
A
r C A
t
x
C A (t 0), x C0 ; C A t ,( x 0) Cin
D E F G 0
x
y
2
2
A 2 B
C 2 D E F G 0
xy
x
y
x
y
Overview
Classification of PDEs
Method of Lines
Convert PDEs to ODEs
Finite Difference
Convert to (non-)linear
(non )linear equations
Parabolic PDEs
When B2 4AC = 0
Example: Transient Axial Dispersion Reactor
2
C A
A D C A r C
FA
A
2
t
x
x
T
Typically
ll observed
b
d when
h diffusive/conductive
d ff
/ d
terms
are present or dominant in the system
Method of Lines
Central difference in space: PDE ODEs in time
Hyperbolic PDEs
C A
C A
FA
r C A
t
x
T
Typically
i ll observed
b
d when
h convective
ti tterms are
dominant in the system
Upwind
p
Difference
Apply forward difference in time:
O(t)
Apply backward difference in space: O(x)
PDE Algebraic: Solve using NR / Gauss-Siedel
Crank-Nicholson Method
Semi-implicit, higher accuracy and better stability
Method of Lines
Upwind difference in space: PDE ODEs in time
Elliptic PDEs
2T
x
2T
y
Classification of PDEs
Method of Lines
Convert PDEs to ODEs
Finite Difference
Convert to (non-)linear
(non )linear equations