You are on page 1of 10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Socialanthropology
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

SocialanthropologyisthedominantconstituentofanthropologythroughouttheUnitedKingdomand
CommonwealthandmuchofEurope(Franceinparticular[1]),whereitisdistinguishedfromcultural
anthropology.[2]IntheUSA,socialanthropologyiscommonlysubsumedwithinculturalanthropology(or
undertherelativelynewdesignationofsocioculturalanthropology).
Incontrasttoculturalanthropology,cultureanditscontinuity(includingnarratives,rituals,andsymbolic
behaviorassociatedwiththem)havebeentraditionallyseenmoreasthedependent'variable'(cf.
explanandum)bysocialanthropology,embeddedinitshistoricalandsocialcontext,includingitsdiversity
ofpositionsandperspectives,ambiguities,conflicts,andcontradictionsofsociallife,ratherthanthe
independent(explanatory)one(cf.explanans).
Topicsofinterestforsocialanthropologistshaveincludedcustoms,economicandpoliticalorganization,
lawandconflictresolution,patternsofconsumptionandexchange,kinshipandfamilystructure,gender
relations,childbearingandsocialization,religion,whilepresentdaysocialanthropologistsarealso
concernedwithissuesofglobalism,ethnicviolence,genderstudies,transnationalismandlocalexperience,
andtheemergingculturesofcyberspace,[3]andcanalsohelpwithbringingopponentstogetherwhen
environmentalconcernscomeintoconflictwitheconomicdevelopments.[4]BritishandAmerican
anthropologistsincludingGillianTettandKarenHowhostudiedWallStreetprovidedanalternative
explanationforthefinancialcrisisof20072010tothetechnicalexplanationsrootedineconomicand
politicaltheory.[5]
DifferencesamongBritish,French,andAmericansocioculturalanthropologieshavediminishedwith
increasingdialogueandborrowingofboththeoryandmethods.Socialandculturalanthropologists,and
somewhointegratethetwo,arefoundinmostinstitutesofanthropology.Thustheformalnamesof
institutionalunitsnolongernecessarilyreflectfullythecontentofthedisciplinesthesecover.Some,such
astheInstituteofSocialandCulturalAnthropology[6](Oxford)changedtheirnametoreflectthechangein
composition,others,suchasSocialAnthropologyattheUniversityofKent[7]becamesimply
Anthropology.Mostretainthenameunderwhichtheywerefounded.
Longtermqualitativeresearch,includingintensivefieldstudies(emphasizingparticipantobservation
methods)hasbeentraditionallyencouragedinsocialanthropologyratherthanquantitativeanalysisof
surveys,questionnairesandbrieffieldvisitstypicallyusedbyeconomists,politicalscientists,and(most)
sociologists.[8]

Contents
1Substantivefocusandpractice
1.1Specializations
1.2Ethicalconsiderations
2History
2.1TylorandFrazer
2.2MalinowskiandtheBritishSchool

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

1/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

2.2MalinowskiandtheBritishSchool
2.31920s1940
2.4PostWWIItrends
2.51980stopresent
3Anthropologistsassociatedwithsocialanthropology
4Famousstudentsofsocialanthropology
5Seealso
6Notes
7References
8Furtherreading
9Externallinks

Substantivefocusandpractice
Socialanthropologyisdistinguishedfromsubjectssuchaseconomicsorpoliticalsciencebyitsholistic
rangeandtheattentionitgivestothecomparativediversityofsocietiesandculturesacrosstheworld,and
thecapacitythisgivesthedisciplinetoreexamineEuroAmericanassumptions.Itisdifferentiatedfrom
sociology,bothinitsmainmethods(basedonlongtermparticipantobservationandlinguistic
competence),[9]andinitscommitmenttotherelevanceandilluminationprovidedbymicrostudies.It
extendsbeyondstrictlysocialphenomenatoculture,art,individuality,andcognition.[10]Manysocial
anthropologistsusequantitativemethods,too,particularlythosewhoseresearchtouchesontopicssuchas
localeconomies,demography,humanecology,cognition,orhealthandillness.

Specializations
Specializationswithinsocialanthropologyshiftasitsobjectsofstudyaretransformedandasnew
intellectualparadigmsappearmusicologyandmedicalanthropologyareexamplesofcurrent,welldefined
specialities.
Morerecentandcurrentlyemt|cognitivedevelopment]]socialandethicalunderstandingsofnovel
technologiesemergentformsof'thefamily'andothernewsocialitiesmodelledonkinshiptheongoing
socialfalloutofthedemiseofstatesocialismthepoliticsofresurgentreligiosityandanalysisofaudit
culturesandaccountability.
Thesubjecthasbeenenlivenedby,andhascontributedto,approachesfromotherdisciplines,suchas
philosophy(ethics,phenomenology,logic),thehistoryofscience,psychoanalysis,andlinguistics.

Ethicalconsiderations
Thesubjecthasbothethicalandreflexivedimensions.Practitionershavedevelopedanawarenessofthe
senseinwhichscholarscreatetheirobjectsofstudyandthewaysinwhichanthropologiststhemselvesmay
contributetoprocessesofchangeinthesocietiestheystudy.Anexampleofthisisthe'hawthorneeffect',
wherebythosebeingstudiedmayaltertheirbehaviourinresponsetotheknowledgethattheyarebeing
watchedandstudied.

History
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

2/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Socialanthropologyhashistoricalrootsinanumberof19thcenturydisciplines,includingethnology,
folklorestudies,andClassics,amongothers.(SeeHistoryofanthropology.)Itsimmediateprecursortook
shapeintheworkofEdwardBurnettTylorandJamesGeorgeFrazerinthelate19thcenturyandunderwent
majorchangesinbothmethodandtheoryduringtheperiod18901920withanewemphasisonoriginal
fieldwork,longtermholisticstudyofsocialbehaviorinnaturalsettings,andtheintroductionofFrenchand
Germansocialtheory.BronislawMalinowski,oneofthemostimportantinfluencesonBritishsocial
anthropology,emphasizedlongtermfieldworkinwhichanthropologistsworkinthevernacularand
immersethemselvesinthedailypracticesoflocalpeople.[11]ThisdevelopmentwasbolsteredbyFranz
Boas'sintroductionofculturalrelativismarguingthatculturesarebasedondifferentideasabouttheworld
andcanthereforeonlybeproperlyunderstoodintermsoftheirownstandardsandvalues.[12]
MuseumssuchastheBritishMuseumweren'ttheonlysiteof
anthropologicalstudies:withtheNewImperialismperiod,starting
inthe1870s,zoosbecameunattended"laboratories",especiallythe
socalled"ethnologicalexhibitions"or"Negrovillages".Thus,
"savages"fromthecoloniesweredisplayed,oftennudes,incages,
inwhathasbeencalled"humanzoos".Forexample,in1906,
CongolesepygmyOtaBengawasputbyanthropologistMadison
GrantinacageintheBronxZoo,labelled"themissinglink"
betweenanorangutanandthe"whiterace"Grant,arenowned
eugenicist,wasalsotheauthorofThePassingoftheGreatRace
TheBritishMuseum,London
(1916).Suchexhibitionswereattemptstoillustrateandproveinthe
samemovementthevalidityofscientificracism,whichfirst
formulationmaybefoundinArthurdeGobineau'sAnEssayontheInequalityofHumanRaces(185355).
In1931,theColonialExhibitioninParisstilldisplayedKanaksfromNewCaledoniainthe"indigenous
village"itreceived24millionvisitorsinsixmonths,thusdemonstratingthepopularityofsuch"human
zoos".
Anthropologygrewincreasinglydistinctfromnaturalhistoryandbytheendofthe19thcenturythe
disciplinebegantocrystallizeintoitsmodernformby1935,forexample,itwaspossibleforT.K.
PennimantowriteahistoryofthedisciplineentitledAHundredYearsofAnthropology.Atthetime,the
fieldwasdominatedby'thecomparativemethod'.Itwasassumedthatallsocietiespassedthroughasingle
evolutionaryprocessfromthemostprimitivetomostadvanced.NonEuropeansocietieswerethusseenas
evolutionary'livingfossils'thatcouldbestudiedinordertounderstandtheEuropeanpast.Scholarswrote
historiesofprehistoricmigrationswhichweresometimesvaluablebutoftenalsofanciful.Itwasduringthis
timethatEuropeansfirstaccuratelytracedPolynesianmigrationsacrossthePacificOceanforinstance
althoughsomeofthembelieveditoriginatedinEgypt.Finally,theconceptofracewasactivelydiscussed
asawaytoclassifyandrankhumanbeingsbasedondifference.

TylorandFrazer
E.B.Tylor(2October18322January1917)andJamesGeorgeFrazer(1January18547May1941)are
generallyconsideredtheantecedentstomodernsocialanthropologyinBritain.AlthoughTylorundertooka
fieldtriptoMexico,bothheandFrazerderivedmostofthematerialfortheircomparativestudiesthrough
extensivereading,notfieldwork,mainlytheClassics(literatureandhistoryofGreeceandRome),thework
oftheearlyEuropeanfolklorists,andreportsfrommissionaries,travelers,andcontemporaneous
ethnologists.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

3/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Tyloradvocatedstronglyforunilinealismandaformof"uniformityofmankind".[13]Tylorinparticular
laidthegroundworkfortheoriesofculturaldiffusionism,statingthattherearethreewaysthatdifferent
groupscanhavesimilarculturalformsortechnologies:"independentinvention,inheritancefromancestors
inadistantregion,transmissionfromonerace[sic]toanother."[14]
Tylorformulatedoneoftheearlyandinfluentialanthropologicalconceptionsofcultureas"thatcomplex
whole,whichincludesknowledge,belief,art,morals,law,custom,
andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredby[humans]as
[members]ofsociety."[15]However,asStockingnotes,Tylor
mainlyconcernedhimselfwithdescribingandmappingthe
distributionofparticularelementsofculture,ratherthanwiththe
largerfunction,andhegenerallyseemedtoassumeaVictorianidea
ofprogressratherthantheideaofnondirectional,multilineal
culturalchangeproposedbylateranthropologists.Tyloralso
theorizedabouttheoriginsofreligiousbeliefsinhumanbeings,
proposingatheoryofanimismastheearlieststage,andnotingthat
"religion"hasmanycomponents,ofwhichhebelievedthemost
importanttobebeliefinsupernaturalbeings(asopposedtomoral
systems,cosmology,etc.).
Frazer,aScottishscholarwithabroadknowledgeofClassics,also
concernedhimselfwithreligion,myth,andmagic.Hiscomparative
studies,mostinfluentiallyinthenumerouseditionsofTheGolden
E.B.Tylor,19thcenturyBritish
Bough,analyzedsimilaritiesinreligiousbeliefandsymbolism
anthropologist
globally.NeitherTylornorFrazer,however,wereparticularly
interestedinfieldwork,norweretheyinterestedinexamininghow
theculturalelementsandinstitutionsfittogether.TheGoldenBoughwasabridgeddrasticallyinsubsequent
editionsafterhisfirst.

MalinowskiandtheBritishSchool
Towardtheturnofthe20thcentury,anumberofanthropologistsbecamedissatisfiedwiththis
categorizationofculturalelementshistoricalreconstructionsalsocametoseemincreasinglyspeculativeto
them.Undertheinfluenceofseveralyoungerscholars,anewapproachcametopredominateamongBritish
anthropologists,concernedwithanalyzinghowsocietiesheldtogetherinthepresent(synchronicanalysis,
ratherthandiachronicorhistoricalanalysis),andemphasizinglongterm(onetoseveralyears)immersion
fieldwork.CambridgeUniversityfinancedamultidisciplinaryexpeditiontotheTorresStraitIslandsin
1898,organizedbyAlfredCortHaddonandincludingaphysiciananthropologist,WilliamRivers,aswell
asalinguist,abotanist,andotherspecialists.Thefindingsoftheexpeditionsetnewstandardsfor
ethnographicdescription.
Adecadeandahalflater,thePolishanthropologystudent,BronisawMalinowski(18841942),was
beginningwhatheexpectedtobeabriefperiodoffieldworkintheoldmodel,collectinglistsofcultural
items,whentheoutbreakoftheFirstWorldWarstrandedhiminNewGuinea.AsasubjectoftheAustro
HungarianEmpireresidentonaBritishcolonialpossession,hewaseffectivelyconfinedtoNewGuineafor
severalyears.[16]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

4/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Hemadeuseofthetimebyundertakingfarmoreintensive
fieldworkthanhadbeendonebyBritishanthropologists,andhis
classicethnography,ArgonautsoftheWesternPacific(1922)
advocatedanapproachtofieldworkthatbecamestandardinthe
field:getting"thenative'spointofview"throughparticipant
observation.Theoretically,headvocatedafunctionalist
interpretation,whichexaminedhowsocialinstitutionsfunctionedto
satisfyindividualneeds.

1920s1940
Modernsocialanthropology
wasfoundedinBritainatthe
LondonSchoolof
EconomicsandPolitical
SciencefollowingWorld
WarI.Influencesinclude
BronislawMalinowski,
boththemethodological
AnthropologistattheLondonSchool
revolutionpioneeredby
ofEconomics
BronisawMalinowski's
processorientedfieldwork
ThemainLSEentrance
intheTrobriandIslandsofMelanesiabetween1915and1918[17]
andAlfredRadcliffeBrown'stheoreticalprogramforsystematic
comparisonthatwasbasedonaconceptionofrigorousfieldworkandthestructurefunctionalistconception
ofDurkheimssociology.[18][19]OtherintellectualfoundersincludeW.H.R.RiversandA.C.Haddon,
whoseorientationreflectedthecontemporaryParapsychologiesofWilhelmWundtandAdolfBastian,and
SirE.B.Tylor,whodefinedanthropologyasapositivistsciencefollowingAugusteComte.EdmundLeach
(1962)definedsocialanthropologyasakindofcomparativemicrosociologybasedonintensivefieldwork
studies.Scholarshavenotsettledatheoreticalorthodoxyonthenatureofscienceandsociety,andtheir
tensionsreflectviewswhichareseriouslyopposed.
A.R.RadcliffeBrownalsopublishedaseminalworkin1922.He
hadcarriedouthisinitialfieldworkintheAndamanIslandsinthe
oldstyleofhistoricalreconstruction.However,afterreadingthe
workofFrenchsociologistsmileDurkheimandMarcelMauss,
RadcliffeBrownpublishedanaccountofhisresearch(entitled
simplyTheAndamanIslanders)thatpaidcloseattentiontothe
meaningandpurposeofritualsandmyths.Overtime,hedeveloped
anapproachknownasstructuralfunctionalism,whichfocusedon
howinstitutionsinsocietiesworkedtobalanceoutorcreatean
equilibriuminthesocialsystemtokeepitfunctioning
harmoniously.(ThiscontrastedwithMalinowski'sfunctionalism,
andwasquitedifferentfromthelaterFrenchstructuralism,which
examinedtheconceptualstructuresinlanguageandsymbolism.)
AlfredR.RadcliffeBrown

MalinowskiandRadcliffeBrown'sinfluencestemmedfromthefact
thatthey,likeBoas,activelytrainedstudentsandaggressivelybuilt
upinstitutionsthatfurtheredtheirprogrammaticambitions.ThiswasparticularlythecasewithRadcliffe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

5/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Brown,whospreadhisagendafor"SocialAnthropology"byteachingatuniversitiesacrosstheBritish
Commonwealth.Fromthelate1930suntilthepostwarperiodappearedastringofmonographsandedited
volumesthatcementedtheparadigmofBritishSocialAnthropology(BSA).Famousethnographiesinclude
TheNuer,byEdwardEvanEvansPritchard,andTheDynamicsofClanshipAmongtheTallensi,byMeyer
ForteswellknowneditedvolumesincludeAfricanSystemsofKinshipandMarriageandAfricanPolitical
Systems.

PostWWIItrends
FollowingWorldWarII,socioculturalanthropologyascomprisedbythefieldsofethnographyand
ethnologydivergedintoanAmericanschoolofculturalanthropologywhilesocialanthropologydiversified
inEuropebychallengingtheprinciplesofstructurefunctionalism,absorbingideasfromClaudeLvi
Strauss'sstructuralismandfromMaxGluckmansManchesterschool,andembracingthestudyofconflict,
change,urbananthropology,andnetworks.TogetherwithmanyofhiscolleaguesattheRhodes
LivingstoneInstituteandstudentsatManchesterUniversity,collectivelyknownastheManchesterSchool,
tookBSAinnewdirectionsthroughtheirintroductionofexplicitlyMarxistinformedtheory,theiremphasis
onconflictsandconflictresolution,andtheirattentiontothewaysinwhichindividualsnegotiateandmake
useofthesocialstructuralpossibilities.DuringthisperiodGluckmanwasalsoinvolvedinadisputewith
AmericananthropologistPaulBohannanonethnographicmethodologywithintheanthropologicalstudyof
law.HebelievedthatindigenoustermsusedinethnographicdatashouldbetranslatedintoAngloAmerican
legaltermsforthebenefitofthereader.[20][21]TheAssociationofSocialAnthropologistsoftheUKand
Commonwealthwasfoundedin1946.[22]
InBritain,anthropologyhadagreatintellectualimpact,it"contributedtotheerosionofChristianity,the
growthofculturalrelativism,anawarenessofthesurvivaloftheprimitiveinmodernlife,andthe
replacementofdiachronicmodesofanalysiswithsynchronic,allofwhicharecentraltomodern
culture."[23]
Laterinthe1960sand1970s,EdmundLeachandhisstudentsMaryDouglasandNurYalman,among
others,introducedFrenchstructuralisminthestyleofLviStrauss.
IncountriesoftheBritishCommonwealth,socialanthropologyhasoftenbeeninstitutionallyseparatefrom
physicalanthropologyandprimatology,whichmaybeconnectedwithdepartmentsofbiologyorzoology
andfromarchaeology,whichmaybeconnectedwithdepartmentsofClassics,Egyptology,andthelike.In
othercountries(andinsome,particularlysmaller,BritishandNorthAmericanuniversities),anthropologists
havealsofoundthemselvesinstitutionallylinkedwithscholarsoffolklore,museumstudies,human
geography,sociology,socialrelations,ethnicstudies,culturalstudies,andsocialwork.British
anthropologyhascontinuedtoemphasizesocialorganizationandeconomicsoverpurelysymbolicor
literarytopics.

1980stopresent
AEuropeanAssociationofSocialAnthropologists(EASA)wasfoundedin1989asasocietyofscholarship
atameetingoffoundermembersfromfourteenEuropeancountries,supportedbytheWennerGren
FoundationforAnthropologicalResearch.(http://www.wennergren.org/)TheAssociationseekstoadvance

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

6/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

anthropologyinEuropebyorganizingbiennialconferencesandbyeditingitsacademicjournal,Social
Anthropology/AnthropologiesSocial.DepartmentsofSocialAnthropologyatdifferentUniversitieshave
tendedtofocusondisparateaspectsofthefield.
DepartmentsofSocialAnthropologyexistinuniversitiesaroundtheworld.Thefieldofsocialanthropology
hasexpandedinwaysnotanticipatedbythefoundersofthefield,asforexampleinthesubfieldofstructure
anddynamics.

Anthropologistsassociatedwithsocialanthropology
AndreBeteille[24]
AleksandarBoskovic
EdmundSnowCarpenter
MaryDouglas[25]
ThomasHyllandEriksen
E.E.EvansPritchard
RaymondFirth
RosemaryFirth[26]
MeyerFortes
ErnestGellner
StephenD.Glazier
JackGoody
DavidGraeber
DonKalb
AdamKuper
EdmundLeach
MurrayLeaf
ClaudeLviStrauss
AlanMacfarlane[27]
BronisawMalinowski
SiegfriedFrederickNadel
SusanVisvanathan
A.H.J.Prins
AlfredRadcliffeBrown
AudreyRichards
VictorTurner
MarshallSahlins
PhilippeDescola
MarilynStrathern
DouglasR.White
EricWolf
RobertLayton

Famousstudentsofsocialanthropology
NickCleggLeaderoftheUKLiberalDemocraticPartyandDeputyPrimeMinisteroftheUnited
Kingdom
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

7/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

HughLaurieActorBestknownforroleofdoctorinHouse
ThandieNewtonActress
AlexandraShulmanEditorofBritisheditionofVogue
DavidAttenboroughWildlifeTVpresenter
Charles,PrinceofWalesHeirtotheBritishthrone
DarrenAronofskyFilmdirector
AmitavGhoshAuthor
MickHucknallLeadsingerofSimplyRed
DerekAcorahGhostWhisperer
ArnabGoswamiIndianjournalistwhoistheEditorinChiefandNewsanchoroftheIndiannews
channelTimesNow.

Seealso
CulturalAnthropology
Ethnology
Ethnosemiotics
Listofimportantpublicationsinanthropology
Rajamandala
Sociology

Notes
1. Dianteill,Erwan,"CulturalAnthropologyorSocialAnthropology?ATransatlanticArgument",LAnne
sociologique1/2012(Vol.62),p.93122(http://cairnint.info/abstractE_ANSO_121_0093cultural
anthropologyorsocialanthropo.htm#anchor_cite).
2. "BenchmarkStatementAnthropology(UK)"
(http://www.qaa.ac.uk/Publications/InformationAndGuidance/Documents/Anthropology07.pdf)(PDF).QAA(UK).
Retrieved20120109.
3. "TheDepartmentofAnthropologyatHarvardUniversity"(http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~anthro/grad_social.htm).
Fas.harvard.edu.Retrieved20110327.
4. Hendry,Joy.1999.AnIntroductiontoSocialAnthropology:OtherPeople'sWorlds.London:MacmillanPress
Ltd
5. Ho,Karen(2009):"DiscipliningInvestmentBankers,DiscipliningtheEconomy:WallStreetsInstitutional
CultureofCrisisandtheDownsizingofAmericanCorporations."
AmericanAnthropologist,Vol.111,No.2.
6. "InstituteofSocialandCulturalAnthropology"(http://www.isca.ox.ac.uk/).
7. "SchoolofAnthropologyandConservation"(http://www.kent.ac.uk/sac/).
8. Bernard,R.2006.ResearchMethodsinAnthropology.Lanham:AltaMiraPress
9. "Nanjunda,D.C.(2010)ContemporaryStudiesinAnthropology:areading.MittalPublications:NewDelhi,India.
p.8">
10. Ingold,T.(1985)WhoStudiesHumanity?TheScopeofAnthropology.AnthropologyToday,1:6:1516
11. Kuper,Adam(1973).AnthropologyandAnthropologists:TheModernBritishSchool
(http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=76I9AAAAIAAJ).London:RoutledgeandKeganPaul.pp.1416.ISBN0
710094094.
12. Hendry,Joy.1999.AnIntroductiontoSocialAnthropology:OtherPeople'sWorlds.Palgrave.p.910.
13. Stocking,GeorgeJir.(1963)"MatthewArnold,E.B.Tylor,andtheUsesofInvention,"American
Anthropologist,65:783799,1963(http://www.aaanet.org/gad/history/044stocking.pdf)
14. Tylor,E.B.(1865)Researchesintotheearlyhistoryofmankindthedevelopmentofcivilization.London:John
Murray.
15. Tylor,E.B.(1871)Primitiveculture:researchesintothedevelopmentofmythology,philosophy,religion,art,
andcustom.2vols.London:JohnMurray.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

8/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

16. Malinowski,Bronisaw(1967)Adiaryinthestrictsenseoftheterm.NewYork,Harcourt,Brace&World
[1967]
17. Malinowski,B.(1922).ArgonautsoftheWesternPacific:Anaccountofnativeenterpriseandadventureinthe
ArchipelagoesofMelanesianNewGuinea.London:RoutledgeandKeganPaul.
18. JackGoody(1995)TheExpansiveMoment:TheRiseofSocialAnthropologyinBritainandAfrica,19181970
(http://www3.cambridge.org/us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521450489)reviewatLinks.jstor.org
(http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=00940496(199702)24%3A1%3C211%3ATEMTRO%3E2.0.CO%3B2I)
19. Barth,Fredrik,etal.(2005)OneDiscipline,FourWays:British,German,French,andAmericananthropology
(http://books.google.com/books?id=g1sV8lOlhVsC).Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress.
20. Moore,SallyF.1966.ComparativeStudies:Introduction.inLawinCultureandSociety,editedbyLauraNader.
London:UniversityofCaliforniaPress.
21. Erickson,P.A.andMurphy,L.D.(2008)AHistoryofAnthropologicalTheory,Toronto:BroadviewPress
22. "WelcometoAssociationofSocialAnthropologistsoftheUKandCommonwealth"(http://www.theasa.org/).
Theasa.org.Retrieved20110327.
23. Heyck,ThomasWilliam(1997)atLinks.jstor.org(http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002
8762%28199712%29102%3A5%3C1486%3AATBSA1%3E2.0.CO%3B27)TheAmericanHistoricalReview,
Vol.102,No.5(December,1997),pp.14861488doi:10.2307/2171126(https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F2171126)
24. http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/179372Afterdinnertalkonthehistoryofsocialanthropology:Beteille
speaksofhischildhoodandnaturalinclinationtoanthropology,histraining,fieldworkinDelhi,Indiaandthe
influenceofhissupervisor,M.N.Srinivas.Hisworkonequalityandinequalityinhumansocietiesand
publicationsonsuch,especiallythecastesystem.HereflectsonandanalyzestheworkofDumont,aswellas
Marxism,HinduismandIslam.Hecitesthosewhohaveinfluencedhimandhiswork,andcloseswithan
overviewofhiscurrentinterestsinnationalismandtribalidentitiesinIndia,aswellashislecturesonbackward
classes.
25. interviewbyAlanMacfarlane,inwhichMaryDouglastalksaboutherlifeandworkinAfricaandelsewhere.
(http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/131558)
26. http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/447RosemaryFirthinterviewbyAlanMacfarlane:aboutherarrivalin
anthropologyandfieldworkinMalayawithRaymondFirth,andaboutthepositionofawomananthropologist.
27. http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/131552EightlecturesforfirstyearCambridgeUniversitystudentsin
February2006.Introducingsomeofthemajorapproachestotheanthropologyofpoliticsandeconomics.

References
BenchmarkStatementAnthropology(UK)
(http://www.qaa.ac.uk/Publications/InformationAndGuidance/Documents/Anthropology07.pdf)

Furtherreading
Malinowski,Bronislaw(1915):TheTrobriandIslands
Malinowski,Bronislaw(1922):ArgonautsoftheWesternPacific
Malinowski,Bronislaw(1929):TheSexualLifeofSavagesinNorthWesternMelanesia
Malinowski,Bronislaw(1935):CoralGardensandTheirMagic:AStudyoftheMethodsofTilling
theSoilandofAgriculturalRitesintheTrobriandIslands
Leach,Edmund(1954):PoliticalsystemsofHighlandBurma.London:G.Bell.
Leach,Edmund(1982):SocialAnthropology
Eriksen,ThomasH.(1985):,pp.926929inTheSocialScienceEncyclopediaSocialAnthropology.
ISBN0710200080.OCLC11623683(https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11623683).
Kuper,Adam(1996):AnthropologyandAnthropologists:TheModernBritishSchool.ISBN0415
118956.OCLC32509209(https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32509209).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

9/10

7/13/2015

SocialanthropologyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Externallinks
TheMovingAnthropologyStudentNetwork(MASN)(http://www.kripsy.net/masn/tikiindex.php?
page=Welcome)websiteofferstutorials,informationonthesubject,discussionforumsandalarge
linkcollectionforallinterestedscholarsofsocialanthropology
Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social_anthropology&oldid=669608170"
Categories: Socialanthropology
Thispagewaslastmodifiedon2July2015,at09:12.
TextisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionShareAlikeLicenseadditionaltermsmay
apply.Byusingthissite,youagreetotheTermsofUseandPrivacyPolicy.Wikipediaisa
registeredtrademarkoftheWikimediaFoundation,Inc.,anonprofitorganization.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anthropology

10/10

You might also like