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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

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MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION

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TBRL / PAMPHLET /B.R.01 / 2006

BAFFLE RANGE PROCEDURES

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Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory,

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Sector-30, Chandigarh-160030
Oct 2006

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DISTRIBUTIONS

SL.NO.

COPY NO.

1.

DIRECTOR OF ARMAMENTS ,
DRDO HQ,
DRDO BHAWAN,
NEW DELHI-110011

2.

DIRECTOR MT-5,
INTEGRATED HQ OF MOD(ARMY),
ARMY HQ,
NEW DELHI-110011

2,3

3.

DIRECTOR,
CTEC,
DRDO BHAWAN
NEW DELHI-110011

4,5

4.

DIRECTOR,
TERMINAL BALLISTICS RESEARCH LABORATORY,
SECTOR-30, CHANDIGARH-160030

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CONTENTS
PREFACE

vii

PART-1
INTRODUCTION
SECTION
I
GENERAL
Need of Baffle Range
Policy

Para
2.
5.

PART-2
DEVELOPMENT OF BAFFLE RANGE
II

III

BAFFLE RANGE
Baffle range-Mark(I)
Baffle range-Mark(II)

7.
9.

EVALUATION OF BAFFLE RANGE PERFORMANCE


General
Feasibility of ground barriers concept
Feedback on Baffle Range Performance
Findings of performance studies

13.
15.
16.
17.

PART-3
BAFFLE RANGE PLANNING & DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
IV

PLANNING & LAYOUT OF BAFFLE RANGE


General
Determination of user needs
Baffle Range Layout Considerations

18.
23.
25.

SELECTION OF SITE FOR BAFFLE RANGE


General
Feedback form for evaluation of site
Guidelines for selection of site for Baffle range
Orientation
Ground characteristics
Direct fire zone
No-man land
Surrounding structures
Minimum land area dimensions for Baffle range
Preliminary site plan
Before assembly of the BOO
Approval of Baffle range site

26.
28.
29.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
35.
36.
39.
40.

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iv

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VI
GUIDELINES FOR BAFFLE RANGE CONSTRUCTION
General
42.
Design Parameters
44.
Construction Considerations
45.
Side Wall Pair
45.
Baffle walls
46.
Stop Butt
47.
Ground Barriers
48.
Direct fire zone
49.
Support Facilities
50.
Weather Protections
Approval of construction drawings
Construction Inspection
Test Fire in Baffle range

51.
52.
53.
54.

PART-4
BAFFLE RANGE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
VII

VIII

IX

BAFFLE RANGE OPERATION & SAFETY


General
Baffle Range Control Considerations
Cost effective, safe Baffle range design
Range officers can make Baffle ranges safer
Avoid Accidents
Performance assessment of Baffle range
(Logbook and Digital Photograph)

55.
57.
61.
63.
64.
65.

BAFFLE RANGE MAINTENANCE


General
Fitness for use
Scheduled Maintenance

66.
67.
68.

SAFETY AUDIT OF BAFFLE RANGE IN SERVICE


Safety audit of Baffle Range (Half yearly)
Annual Monitoring of Baffle Range

74.
76.

PART-5
SALIENT FEATURES
X

IMPORTANT POINTS ON BAFFLE RANGE


General
Firing Practice
Baffle Range safety

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v

77.
81.
82.

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PART-6
GLOSSARY
XI
XII

DEFINITIONS
THE 4 ES FOR BAFFLE RANGE

PART-7
ARCHITECTURAL LAYOUTS OF BAFFLE RANGE
DRAWING-01.
DRAWING-02.
DRAWING-03.
DRAWING-04.
DRAWING-05.
DRAWING-06.
DRAWING-07.
DRAWING-08.
DRAWING-09.
DRAWING-10.
DRAWING-11.
DRAWING-12.
DRAWING-13.
DRAWING-14.
DRAWING-15.
DRAWING-16.

BAFFLE RANGE -300M


BAFFLE RANGE -300M ISO SHADED
BAFFLE RANGE -300M ISO
BAFFLE RANGE -300M PLAN& SECTION
100M SEGMENT OF 300 M BAFFLE RANGE
BAFFLE RANGE- 100M PLAN & SECTION
50 M SECTION OF 300 M BAFFLE RANGE
BAFFLE WALL
BAFFLE WALL-ARMOUR PLATE FIXING
SIDEWALL
STOPBUTT
MARKERS GALLARY, SIDE WALL & BAFFLE WALL
MARKERS GALLARY
GROUND BARRIER
FIRING POINT
BAFFLE RANGE -500M PLAN

LIST OF FIGURES
A typical conventional classification firing range
Baffle range-Mark(I) at Infantry School Mhow
Model of 100m Baffle range-Mark(II)
Computer model of 300m Baffle range-Mark(II)

Para
1.
8.
10.
11.

LIST OF FORMS /FORMATS


Feedback form for evaluation of site
Baffle range usage logbook format
Baffle range safety audit form

28.
65.
76.

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vi

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PREFACE
This Pamphlet provides guidelines for planning & layout design of a Baffle
Range, a reduced danger area range for practice firing with small arms. A safe
Baffle range results if and only if it is operated safely, the firers are controlled by the
rules and safety policies and its fitness is maintained. Therefore recommendations
regarding Baffle range construction design, maintenance, fitness certification, usage
and safety audit are also included herewith. These guidelines/ recommendations are
based on literature survey, feedback received on performance of already constructed
Baffle ranges and extensive data generated through trials at TBRL in recent years.
The 4 Es (Evaluate, Engineer, Educate, and Enforcement) must be used at
every step during development and usage of a Baffle Range. The design
guidelines/recommendations, safety rules and safety policies stated in this Pamphlet
and in Pamphlet No.33, Infantry Training , Volume III, Range and Courses, Range
Construction and Regulation (All arms) must be enforced on the Baffle range
construction and usage so as to ensure required safety and service life. The attention
of users is especially required in Part-4 of this pamphlet Baffle range operation &
maintenance so as to ensure safe firing practices and longer service life for Baffle
range.
It is hoped that the users will find these guidelines helpful in planning Baffle
ranges which are cost effective, while affording safer service.

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vii

PART-1
INTRODUCTION

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SECTION-I
GENERAL
1.
Small Arms Firing Range is a live-fire training facility for practice firing with small
arms. Conventional Classification Ranges (CCR) used for firing practice with small arms are
provided a danger area extended up to 1830 m behind the stop butt. The danger area provides
a safe zone for the misdirected bullets resulting from possible errors made by soldiers in both
horizontal and vertical directions during practice firing. It must be free from buildings, roads,
footpaths, etc. These ranges were not very safe and several accidents have been reported
because free flight rifle bullet can travel up to 3 Kms.
A TYPICAL CONVENTIONAL CLASSIFICATION FIRING RANGE

Need of Baffle Range


2.
The area required for a classification range with full danger area is around 500 acres
which is quite huge. There is an overall shortage of classification ranges primarily due to non
availability of adequate and suitably situated land for constructing safe and efficient ranges.
Troops have to travel long distances for practice firing. Therefore it has become necessary to
explore an alternative means whereby land requirement for classification ranges can be
minimized and yet the firing practice is carried out without compromise.
3.
The requirement of danger area for classification ranges can be reduced up to 20 acres
by providing suitably designed ballistic protection structures (such as baffle walls, side walls,
ground barriers, bullet catchers, stop butt etc) at specified locations, properly conditioned
impact surfaces, regular upkeep of impact area and strict enforcement of safety rules/
precautions in the range.
4.
Such a great saving of land creates a possibility of having practice firing ranges at
cantonments with short availability of land due to increasing population and very high estate
cost. Keeping this in view, TBRL Chandigarh has been indigenously developing
concept/layout design of a range with reduced danger area requirements, termed as Baffle
range, as an alternative effective and safe facility for small arms practice firing.
Policy
5.
In view of increasing density of civilian population in and around Cantts, construction
of Baffle range assumes greater importance with a view to avoid accidents and consequent
litigation cases. Keeping in mind present commitments of army and likely pattern of
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operations, it has been agreed that construction of Baffle range up to 300m would meet
training requirements of army. However, where possible, scope for extending the Baffle range
up to 500m at a later date should be created.
6.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)
(l)

In order to ensure timely action:


HQ Commands will project Baffle ranges in MWP.
QMG Br. will plan allotment of funds for each Command.
E-in-C Br. will monitor construction of each Baffle range from BOO stage onwards till
completion.
DG MT will process the case to obtain In Principle approval for construction of
Baffle ranges from MOD, and monitor progress of allotment of funds and construction
of Baffle ranges on quarterly basis.
Board of Officers (BOO) detailed by concerned formation at a given site will invariably
have a member from TBRL, Chandigarh.
A copy of preliminary site plans, technical data including zoning maps, aerial
photographs, topographic maps and duly filled feedback form for site evaluation (para28.) relevant to each site should be forwarded to TBRL Chandigarh two weeks before
assembly of the BOO at a given site. The four corners of proposed sites must be flagmarked and access to site must be ensured at the time of clearance for Baffle range site.
Wherever required, representatives of TBRL will visit specific site for according site
clearance.
Representatives from each Zonal Chief Engineer under whose jurisdiction, work on
Baffle ranges has been sanctioned, will report to TBRL Chandigarh with detailed
engineering drawings specific to each site for final clearance, before execution of work.
The construction design & drawings of Baffle range should be in accordance to
architectural design layout and recommendations given in this pamphlet and Pamphlet
No.33, Infantry Training , Volume III, Range and Courses, Range Construction and
Regulation (All arms).
Each HQ Division/Area will constitute a standing board of officers to inspect the
baffle ranges under their jurisdiction. A report will be forwarded to respective HQ
command for the period ending 01July and 31Dec every year. Inspection will cover the
parameters given in Baffle range safety audit form in para 76. of this pamphlet. HQ
commands will forward a consolidated report to Army HQ/MT-5 giving only the
relevant points, for further action.
An evaluation committee comprising representatives of QMG, E-in-C, DG Inf, DGMT,
HQ DRDO, TBRL and Col GS (Training) HQ command will annually monitor and
evaluate the maintenance and performance of one baffle range to be selected by
DGMT/MT-5. The committee will prepare a report for perusal of
DGMT/DCOAS(IS&T).
For initial two years usage of each Baffle range quarterly feedback data and digital
photographs (refers para-65) should be forwarded by respective user units to TBRL
Chandigarh so as to access effectiveness of Baffle range and need for further
improvements.
Pamphlet on Baffle range and any amendment in future will be issued by TBRL to
DGMT. These will be further issued to HQ Commands and down to Brigade level.
A set of typical architectural drawings showing necessary details required for
preparation of estimates and site specific construction drawings of Baffle rangeMark(II) will be provided by TBRL rep at BOO stage.

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PART-2
DEVELOPMENT OF BAFFLE RANGE

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SECTION-II
BAFFLE RANGE
Baffle range-Mark(I)
7.
First Baffle range was constructed at Infantry School Mhow, in 1995.
8.
Baffle range-Mark(I) comprised of nineteen baffle walls (33m wide 8.5m high and with
22m wide, 2.5m -4.2m high opening from GL) and one Stop-butt (33m wide10m high). It is
used by 6 firers at a time. It has firing points at100m, 200m, 300m. This design has been
modified and number of baffles has been reduced from 6 per 100m to 2 per 100m making it
cost effective.
BAFFLE RANGE-MARK(I) AT INFANTRY SCHOOL MHOW

Baffle range-Mark(II)
9.
Since these early beginnings continuous studies were conducted at TBRL using trial
data and user feedback. These studies revealed need of modifications in the Baffle rangeMark(I) through an improvised concepts of a system of ground barriers, side walls, baffle
walls and stop butt to arrest the misdirected bullets. The new concept requires lesser number of
baffle walls as compared to Baffle range-Mark(I)
10.
The modified Baffle range-Mark(II) provides improved performance with reduced risk,
enhanced overall safety, ricochet reduction,
reduced overall construction cost and
accommodates six firers in lying, kneeling and standing in trench positions. It has a number of
ground barriers to eliminate ricochets from ground surface.
MODEL OF 100M BAFFLE RANGE-MARK(II)

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11.
According to army units the Baffle range should provide safety for error of 14 deg in
horizontal plane and 11 deg in vertical plane from all firing point. The required safety of the
range was achieved in Baffle range Mark-II by
(a)
Providing baffle walls with more width [35.8m(6.9+22+6.9)] and more height [9.1m].
(b)
Increasing vertical clearance of 22m wide opening in all baffle walls to 4.1m above GL.
(c)
Providing 6.9 m wide x 9.1 m high side wall pairs at 44m, 55m, 85m in every 100m
segment.
(d)
Increasing the width of side wall pair at target gallery to 8.2 m
(e)
Enclosed type Stop Butt for maximum safety [12 m high & width (9+22+9) 40m].
COMPUTER MODEL OF 300M BAFFLE RANGE-MARK(II)

12.
Detailed layout drawings for Baffle Range-Mark(II) are place at Part-7 of this
pamphlet. Site specific construction design must be in accordance to these detailed layout
drawings as well as the guidelines in this pamphlet & Pamphlet No.33, Infantry Training ,
Volume III, Range and Courses, Range Construction and Regulation (All arms) .

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SECTION-III
EVALUATION OF BAFFLE RANGE PERFORMANCE
General
13.
Baffle Range-Mark(II) has been made at few places. A 100m Baffle range-Mark(II)
was constructed at TBRL, Ramgarh Range for field trials to collect feedback on range
performance, firearms testing, and as a means of developing accurate ammunition.
14.
The range was studied theoretically & experimentally as well as shown to various
perspective users for valuable suggestions so as to achieve a design with enhanced safety.
Feasibility of ground barriers concept
15.
Feasibility of ground barriers concept was evaluated through preliminary trials at the
Baffle range at TBRL and by exhaustive trials in form of simulated test firings at a layout
prepared at Infantry School, Mhow.
Feedback on Baffle Range Performance
16.
TBRL is in the continuous process of getting feedback about the performance of these
Baffle Ranges. Extensive theoretical and practical studies are being carried out using
feedback from user and trials so as to achieve continuous improvements in Baffle range
concept like greater range safety, longer life, minimum maintenance etc.
Findings of performance studies
17.
These studies revealed following:
(a)
Cost effective, safe, low maintenance Baffle range design can result only if safe,
controlled firers are an assumption. There is no possibility of any bullet escaping
Baffle range if practice firing is executed with in permissible firing errors. In case of
aimed firing the probability of a bullet hitting some RCC ballistic structure is very less.
(b)
A RCC structure meeting a bullet hit develops local damage which must be repaired
using suitable repair material as soon as possible.
(c)
If a local damage to RCC structure is not repaired quickly, multiple bullet hits at the
same location can cause very heavy damage / damage beyond repair. Consequently
huge maintenance costs may be involved as well as the effective service life span of
such Baffle range will get reduced considerably.
(d)
The concept of ground barriers although useful, but can result in ricochets if soil
slopes are not maintained properly.
(e)
The performance and utilization of the present Baffle ranges Mark-II can be improved
manifolds by providing partial lining of rifle grade material of hardness 480 BHN/
sacrificial material like SIFCON (Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete) panels of suitable
thickness on baffle walls and stop butt. The armour steel plates of hardness 480 BHN
can be supplied by PEC Ltd.(A Government of India Enterprise), Hansalaya, 15
Barakhamba Road, New Delhi-110 001, Tel 011-2331 4727, Fax no. 011-23315279,
23314797 & 23313664, E-mail: pec@peclimited.com, Web:www.peclimited.com. The
randomly selected sample of armour plates should be ballistically evaluated at
TBRL Chandigarh
(f)
Longer service life and higher safety with very less maintenance can be achieved by
using suitably inclined overhead baffles made of rifle grade material and angled side
walls. The new concept is being analysed at TBRL Chandigarh. The cost of
implementing this new concept will be almost same as that of the present design of
Baffle range-Mark(II) incorporating partial lining of armour plate.

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PART-3
BAFFLE RANGE PLANNING & DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS

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SECTION-IV
PLANNING & LAYOUT OF BAFFLE RANGE
General
18.
A new range is planned, designed, and constructed based upon the needs of the specific
user.
19.
All decisions in planning, designing and construction of a baffle range are based on
proven engineering practices.
20.
Individual units may establish design criteria exceeding the minimums specified in this
pamphlet and pamphlet-33. Various agencies should jointly develop site-specific designs.
21.
The range design must also address noise control and environmental hazards resulting
from the use of ammunition containing lead.
22.
Planning should be logical so that nothing is overlooked or left to chance. Suggested
guidelines are outlined below.
Determination of user needs
23.
The first decision is to identify the types of practice firing necessary to meet the needs
of the user unit.
24.
The range type, size, and configuration is based upon the training needs of individual
units, weapon-specific training requirements, land availability, location of range, length of
range, firing line & target line requirements, climatic & ground conditions, soil type etc.
Baffle range layout considerations
25.
Various consideration specified in the Pamphlet No.33, Infantry Training , Volume 3,
Range and courses must be satisfied for following:
(a)
Range area: There are certain basic and optional considerations used to layout ranges.
Among these are: terrain features, site dimensions, type of range, soil structure,
surrounding inhabitants, access and utilities.
(b)
Direct fire zone The ground between the targets and firing line must be free of any
hardened surface, such as rocks or other ricochet producing materials, up to 30cm
depth.
(c)
Firing line area: Firing points , firing point numbering scheme, firing line enclosure
or cover, space for support activities, walkways etc.
(d)
Target line area: Target carriers spacing for small arms practice firing ranges is
determined by the size of the carrier used, and may vary from a minimum of about 2.5
mtrs up to a maximum of 3.65 mtrs (centre to centre).
(e)
Backstop: Backstop construction must meet certain specific criteria: be wider than the
target area; provide clean earthen surface material to a depth of 450-600mm at a slope
>400.Horizontal bullet catchers provide maximum use of the exposed surface area.
(f)
Baffles and other safety barriers Vertical, overhead, ground and side baffles are
barriers used to keep errant bullets confined to a restricted area of the range. Adding
these barriers is often expensive, but properly installed they can reduce land
requirements. Baffle ranges over 300 meters in length is not practical.
(g)
Side Containment Side berms may be in the form of earthen embankments, concrete
walls or wooden crib/earth embankment combinations.

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SECTION-V
SELECTION OF SITE FOR BAFFLE RANGE
General
26.
A suitable internal board of officers including officers from user unit and MES should
be constituted to identify several sites because one or more may prove unsuitable or
construction costs may be prohibitive.
27.
The BOO should collect technical data including zoning maps, aerial & normal
photographs, topographic maps, relevant to each site. The on-site information should be
gathered both on the ground and in the air.
Feedback form for evaluation of site
28.
Suitability of a site is determined on the basis of feedback on each site in a format
placed below.
FEEDBACK FORM FOR EVALUATION OF SITE
1

Access:
( Dedicated right-of-way, Dirt road,
Paved road Gravel road or No access).
Poor Access necessitates construction
of roadway to site.
Location:
(Travel distance for firers)
Locate the range as convenient to the
users as possible.
Orientation
The ideal orientation is with firing
conducted from South to North to
minimize glare.
Utilities available
Electricity Phone Water Sanitary
Sewer etc.
Residential area
Noise complaints are likely when
residential areas exist within 360m
from the Baffle range.
Size
An area large enough to accommodate
the appropriate disciplines and
projectile containment as modified by
existing topographic features, and/or
additional range features.

Area geology
(Clay, Sand, Heavy rocks etc.)
Affects cost of conditioning the site

Vegetation
(Cleared , Scrub brush, Light timber,
Heavy timber etc.)
Topography
(Desert, Plains, Hilly, Mountainous,
Flood Plain) Affects cost of
Construction
Weather
Dry, Semi-Dry, Wet, Heavy Snows
etc.

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10
11

12

Water bodies in Baffle range area


Lakes , Ponds, Rivers, Falls etc.
Zoning
Rural, Residential, Light industrial,
Heavy
industrial,
Agriculture,
Conservation, Recreational, Airport.
Environmental Restrictions
Necessitate approvals
in these
matters. During the site selection
phase, every effort should be made to
minimize any adverse impact on the
surrounding environment.

13

Explosive storage magazines &


Hazard Classification
STEC Pamphlet No.1 Quantity
Distance Regulations for Military
Explosives, 1993 of DRDO is
relevant.

14

No-man land
Minimum 50m no-man land (with
sufficient greenery)on sides and back
of the direct fire zone/ range area
Future expansion

15

16

Endangered Species Act


Wilderness Act
Air and water pollution
Health department requirements
Sound Transmission
Zoning regulations
Soil conservation standards

Character of ground
(i) Character of ground in rear of
targets, height, slope and so on.
(ii) Character of ground in front of
targets, if rising or falling towards
target line.
(iii) Is there a clear line of sight from
all firing points to all targets. If not,
what work will be required to obtain a
clear line of sight?

17

Safety Precautions
What arrangements exist or are
proposed to prevent persons entering
the danger area while firing is in
progress? Full details should be given
and positions of sentries, flag poles,
and so on shown on the map.
Any other information:

Station:
Prepared by:

Place:
Approved by:

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Guidelines for selection of site for Baffle range


29.
Orientation A Baffle range should be sited facing NORTH.
30.
(a)
(b)
(c)
31.
(a)
(b)
(c)
32.
(a)
(b)
(c)

(d)
33.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Ground characteristics As a general rule a site on level dry ground is the best.
Sites on rocky, uneven, rising or falling ground cause difficulties in construction and
usage and also tend to decrease the safety of the Baffle range.
A hollow site is unsatisfactory.
An uphill line of sight must be avoided.
Direct fire zone
The direct fire zone must be stone free up to 30 cm depth.
Soil additives must be tested to ensure that they will not cause cementing or hardening
of the soil surface.
Direct fire zone should not be in wetlands or in locations subjected to frequent
flooding.
No-man land
There must be at least 50m no-mans land on sides and back of Baffle range.
The no-man area must be maintained green through protecting existing trees &
vegetation and plantation of suitable trees not higher than 15 feet.
A 3.6 m high boundary wall of RCC/brick must be constructed around the direct fire
zone at 15m distance from the edges of the stop butt & direct fire zone. Facilities like
target store & workshop , troop shelters, facilities for maintenance, rest rooms,
observers shade, range complex, toilets, stores, vehicle parking shades, underground
water storage etc, can be constructed at safe & suitable locations in no-man area and
within range boundary.
Any facility within the Baffle range boundary should not be constructed exactly behind
firing point.
Surrounding structures:
The range line of fire should not be in the direction of residential areas or upwind of
residential areas.
Distance of residential area from the Baffle range should be at least 360 m in view of
noise pollution from the Baffle range,
No multistory complex be allowed within 100 m on sides only of the range body.
Any magazine for explosive storage must be located as per STEC Pamphlet No.1
Quantity Distance Regulations for Military Explosives, 1993 of DRDO.
No airport should exist within 400 m of the Baffle Range.

34.

Site a Baffle range with the prevailing wind blowing from the firers back toward the
target line.

35.
(a)
(b)
(c)

Minimum land area dimensions for Baffle range (six firers):


100m Baffle range-140m x 195m .
300m Baffle range-140m x 395m .
500m Baffle range-140m x 595m .

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Preliminary site plan


36.
The internal board of officer should collectively review the compatibility of proposed
land/ location for Baffle range usage based on the information collected as per 27. & 28.
above.
37.
After identifying suitable site(s) the information gathered under previous steps is
applied to the rendering of preliminary site plan drawings in following steps:
(a)
Prepare preliminary layout sketches for each site.
(b)
Applicable zoning, environmental, building code, and other pertinent restrictions must
be included in the draft document specifications.
(c)
Prepare alternative preliminary site plans showing different layouts.
(d)
Prepare a safety plan for each specific site.
(e)
To flag-mark four corners of proposed sites
(f)
To ensure access to sites.
(g)
Take digital photographs of each site from suitable positions (like from 4 flag-marked
corners) so as to have a clear idea of the site as well as surrounding structures during
documentation.
38.
On the preliminary site plan, surrounding structures should be located and intervening
distances highlighted. These plans should be drawn to scale so that they can be utilized with
topographic maps or aerial photographs.
Before assembly of the BOO
39.
Before assembly of the Board of Officers detailed by concerned formation at a given
site:
(a)
A copy of preliminary site plans, technical data including zoning maps, aerial and
normal photographs, topographic maps, feedback formss for site evaluation relevant to
each site should be forwarded to TBRL Chandigarh for study and comments.
(b)
If possible, at least one officer of the internal board should visit TBRL Chandigarh
for technical discussions on preliminary site plans.
Approval of Baffle range site
40.
At this point, all elements necessary for final site selection should be in place. The four
corners of proposed sites must be flag-marked and access to site must be ensured.
41.
Preliminary site plans along with previous documentation, should provide enough
information to make the final site selection by the Board of Officers detailed by concerned
formation at a given site.

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SECTION-VI
GUIDELINES FOR BAFFLE RANGE CONSTRUCTION
General
42.
Construction plans should follow the usual format used by architects and engineers
detailing specifications for a builder. These plans should include at a minimum a layout of the
proposed range in cross section and top view. The necessary professional help, such as, a
consultant, an engineer, an architect, a surveyor, a draftsman should be hired to complete the
plans for the construction phase.
43.
The Baffle range and its support facilities, when completed, must satisfy or exceed the
requirements of this pamphlet and . Pamphlet No.33, Infantry Training , Volume III, Range
and Courses, Range Construction and Regulation (All arms)
Design Parameters
44.
Loading to be considered during design of structures comprises of dead load, wind
load, earthquake load, snow load, impact load due to minimum two bullets (weight 10gms
each moving at 850m/sec)
Construction Considerations
45.
Side Wall Pair comprises of two 9.1m high (above MGL-made up ground level) 6.9m
wide walls separated by 22m. Side walls may be minimum 230 mm Brick envelop with
suitable beams and columns of M25 RCC.
46.
Baffle walls comprises of a pair of side wall [9.1m high(above MGL) & 6.9m wide]
integrated with a 22m x 5m horizontal baffle 4.1m above MGL.
(a)
In horizontal baffle
lower 3m band is minimum 300mm thick M25 RCC and
Upper 2m band may be minimum 230 mm Brick envelop with suitable beams
and columns of M25 RCC.
(b)
Integrated vertical side wall may be minimum 230 mm Brick envelop with suitable
beams and columns of M25 RCC.
(c)
The lower 2m band of the baffle is exposed to severe bullet impact and must be
provided extra reinforcement by using
Sacrificial lining of minimum 75mm thick SIFCON panels in 24m x 2m area
as shown in drawing of baffle wall. The sacrificial lining need to be replaced
before it is damaged to exposes the RCC surface of the baffle. Approximately
3.8 m3 of SIFCON will be required per baffle.
Non-sacrificial lining of 10mm thick armour plate of hardness 480 BHN
covered with 30mm soft wood in 24m x 2m area as shown in drawing of
baffle wall. The non-sacrificial lining need only protection from weather to last
for the life of baffle if aimed firing is assumed. Approximately 3.85 ton of
armour grade steel of hardness 480 BHN will be required per baffle.
47.
(a)
(b)

Stop Butt
Stop butt is 40m wide 12m high (minimum 300mm thick M25 RCC) with stone free
(to a minimum depth of 450-600mm) soil compacted at a slope of minimum 40deg
inside a 22m wide 6m high 7.5m deep box (minimum 300mm thick M25 RCC).
The stop butt must be provided extra reinforcement by using a 10mm thick armour
plate of hardness 480 BHN covered with 30mm soft wood in 24m wide lower 2m
band of the horizontal baffle and on upper 2m band of rear wall of soil box as shown
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in drawing of stop butt. Approximately 7.4 ton of armour grade steel of hardness 480
BHN will be required for stop butt reinforcement.
48.
Ground Barriers A Ground barrier comprise of 0.35m high (above GL)wooden boxes
made of 30mm soft wood filled with washed gravel and closed on top with a 0.25m(min)
wide 0.15m high right angled triangle cap of soft wood. These wooden boxes are backed on
side facing stop butt by compacted stone free soil (refer drawing). The total height of ground
barrier above OGL must not exceed 0.55m (so as to keep it 50 mm below top of firing points
and target gallery).
49.

Direct fire zone

(a)

Firing points & trenches, Markers gallery & Mantlet must be constructed in
accordance to Pamphlet No. 33.

(b)

The ground in 50m segment of direct fire zone near target line is to be given a
downward slope of 1 towards the target gallery. As the top level of Baffle walls and
sidewalls is the same, the height of various structures in this 50m segment will increase
as per the made up ground level.
Top level of firing points and target gallery should be same (i.e. 0.6m above GL).
The ground between the targets and firing line must be free of any hardened surface,
such as rocks or other ricochet producing materials, up to 30cm depth. Ideally, surface
areas should be nearly level, sloping only enough to provide drainage. The range floor
or ground surface should be planted with low growing ground cover (a healthy quality
grass mixture suited to the area). Grass reduces heat on Baffle range and enhances its
appearance.

(c)
(d)

50.

Support Facilities
As per the requirements of the user unit support facilities like target store & workshop ,
troop shelters, maintenance areas, rest rooms, observers shade, range complex, toilets, stores,
vehicle parking shades, underground water storage etc, can be constructed at safe & suitable
locations in no-man area and within range boundary.
Weather Protections
51.
Weather effects should be addressed by applying weather proof coatings on RCC
structures and steel, treating wood for weather and termites, providing suitable drainage/
pumping for rain water etc. The frontal area of all structures will have a fiber plaster of
thickness not less than 15mm.
Approval of construction drawings
52.
To conclude the project:
(a)
Follow through with all commitments and requirements identified
(b)
Prepare final construction plans, specifications and cost estimates.
(c)
Obtain all necessary approvals.
Detailed plans showing specific dimensions and locations are needed to obtain
approval of final construction drawings from TBRL Chandigarh before commencement of
construction..

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Construction Inspection.
53.
Validate that the proper materials have been used and construction complies with the
specifications and drawings.
(a)
The materials, distances, and angles are critical to safety and must be verified
according to this pamphlet and Pamphlet No.33, Infantry training volume III, Ranges
and courses.
(b)
Distances from the firing lines to target lines are critical and must be measured during
construction and on completion of the range.
(c)
Availability of required no-man land must be ensured.
(d)
All barriers, fences and signs must be erected,
Test Fire in Baffle range
54.
In a newly constructed baffle range controlled test-firing must be accomplished using
tracer ammunition before conducting practice firing operations. An expert board will act as
observers. The most experienced firers available will use the most powerful ammunition
authorized for use on the range, for the test.

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PART-4
BAFFLE RANGE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

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SECTION-VII
BAFFLE RANGE OPERATION & SAFETY
General
55.
The conventional classification range accommodates the controlled and supervised
discharge of weapons and has sufficient land area to ensure that the discharged projectile does
not exit the safety fan comprising of surface danger zone (SDZ) and vertical danger zone
(VDZ).
56.
Direct-fire rounds and ricochets are unimpeded and may fall anywhere within the safety
fan. The conventional classification range requires a safety fan equal to 100 percent of the
maximum range of the most powerful round to be used on the range.
Baffle Range Control Considerations
57.
Proper and efficient range operations are vital to the success of any practice firing
Baffle range. Basic and advanced schools must be conducted to familiarize firers/ trainers with
the Baffle range and how to set up and conduct a practice firing. Copies of all practice firing
program guidelines, rule books & TBRL pamphlet Baffle Range Procedures should be
included in the range library.
58.
Smooth functioning of Baffle range requires equipment like phone systems, public
address systems. flags, radios etc. Proper use of equipment has a great effect on how long it
will last. Firers must be trained for operating target carriers & equipment, target preparation
etc.
59. Range control serves to provide rules and supervision that encourage safe, healthful and
proper use of a small arms practice firing Baffle range. To be considered are:
(a)
Posting rules, regulations & signs, use of safety devices etc.,
(b)
Provision of administrative facilities such as statistical office, communication system,
(c)
Provision of range optional features like waiting areas, restrooms, portable toilets,
trash receptacles etc.
(d)
Landscaping is an important means of making the Baffle range attractive.
60.
A general safety consideration for small arms Baffle ranges is based on the maximum
range of ammunition authorized for use on the facility.
Cost effective, safe Baffle range design
61.
A Safe Baffle range results if and only if it is operated safely and the participating
firers are controlled by the rules and safety policies which must be enforced while using the
Baffle range.
62.
Cost effective, safe Baffle range design can result only if safe, controlled firers are an
assumption. As per experienced range designers and range operators: A completely safe
Baffle range cannot be designed. Though barriers are installed to limit bullets to a specific
area, each user must be made aware of limitations of Baffle range and the reasons for
them. Rule violations must have consequences.

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Range officers can make Baffle ranges safer


63.
Range officers can create safer Baffle ranges by focusing on the following in addition
to the safety rules already specified during practice firing on conventional ranges. At Baffle
range, range officer must insist (a)
Fitness of Baffle range prior to conduct of any practice firing,
(b)
Firers to be aware of the administrative and safety rules at Baffle range,
(c)
Firing as a process of aiming and hitting the target
(d)
Firers to execute only aimed fire,
(e)
No firing at baffles, sidewalls, ground barriers, backstops or wooden frames, which
will destroy property,
(f)
Authorized number of firers at a time during practice firing,
(g)
Use of only authorized arms and ammunitions on Baffle Range,
(h)
Firing from authorized firing points,
(i)
Use of only authorized targets/ target materials,
(j)
Proper gun handling on the firing line by the firers,
(k)
Type of firing in relation to the distance to the target,
(l)
No firing when aircraft approach the danger area at heights less than those given for
the various weapons.
Avoid Accidents
64.
The great majority of accidents on ranges are due to carelessness and poor range
discipline rather than to structural defects in the ranges. No set of safety rules is
comprehensive, safety is not guaranteed by compliance with above. The individual range
officers should take strict steps to ensure safety.
Performance assessment of Baffle range (Logbook and Digital Photograph)
65.
A logbook on Baffle range usage should be maintained in following format by Range
officers so as to access its effectiveness and to provided feedback data for further
improvements:
BAFFLE RANGE USAGE LOGBOOK FORMAT
Date

User
Details

No.of
Firers

Firing
Point

Firing
position

Small
arms
used

Ammunition
used

No. of
rounds
fired

Remarks
&
signature of Range
officer-in-charge

Digital photograph of baffle walls, ground barriers, target gallery, stop butt, and
intermediate firing points should be taken every three months or as and when necessary.

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SECTION-VIII
BAFFLE RANGE MAINTENANCE
General
66.
General maintenance starts when the Baffle range is planned. Proper maintenance of
ballistic structures & ground, equipment and fixtures protects the long-term investment.
Fitness for use
67.
The range officer must insist range fitness for use through routine range maintenance
comprising of(a)
Conditioning of range ground by grass cutting, trimming grass, removing any hard
object from direct fire zone, cleaning up litter etc.
(b)
Conditioning of ballistic protection structures through quick repairs
(c)
Restoring ground barriers regularly,
(d)
Restoring soil fill contours at backstop & berm,
(e)
Painting of important areas and signs
Scheduled Maintenance
68.
A good rule is to conduct maintenance chores regularly, rather than just before an
event. Perform small tasks each time the Baffle range is used rather than wait until major
repairs are needed.
69.
Paste a maintenance checklist in the Baffle range and outline check-off blocks, so
soldiers can indicate that they have completed a specific task. In addition, same checklist could
be published in the Range newsletter. This checklist should also point out where tools and
materials are stored at the facility.
70.
Installation of underground telephone and electrical cables inside PVC pipe allows easy
removal and replacement.
71.
All steel used in constructing target carriers be hot dipped galvanized or painted with
rust preventive paint. Such measures will ensure long-term, low maintenance use. It may
require grease fitting or applicators at all wear points. Target carrier maintenance often
consumes a great deal of time in a maintenance program. When carriers are poorly designed,
the result is often frequent and expensive repairs. Therefore, before any practice firing event or
during routine activities, any dirt or rust should be removed from the wear points, tighten loose
fittings, weld or replace any broken parts.
72.
To guarantee long-term use of range equipment, especially items subjected to weather
related deterioration, a preventive maintenance program is required for repairing ballistic
protection structures, cleaning storm water systems, repairing electrical systems, painting
important areas, signs & parking lots etc., edging sidewalks, maintaining buildings, recovery of
lead from soil fills etc.
73.
Sufficient inventories including consumables and repair materials needed for
maintenance during Baffle range usage should always be on hand.

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SECTION-IX
SAFETY AUDIT OF BAFFLE RANGE IN SERVICE
Safety audit of Baffle range (Half yearly)
74.
Each HQ Division/Area will constitute a standing board of officers to inspect the
baffle ranges under their jurisdiction half-yearly as per check sheet placed below.
75.
A report will be forwarded to respective HQ command for the period ending 01July
and 31Dec every year. Inspection will cover the parameters given in check-sheet below. HQ
commands will forward a consolidated report to Army HQ/MT-5 giving only the relevant
points, for further action.
Annual Monitoring of Baffle Range
76.
An evaluation committee comprising representatives of QMG, E-in-C, DG Inf, DGMT,
HQ DRDO, TBRL Chandigarh and Col GS (Training) HQ command will annually monitor
and evaluate the maintenance and performance of one baffle range to be selected by
DGMT/MT-5. The committee will prepare a report for perusal of DGMT/DCOAS(IS&T).
BAFFLE RANGE SAFETY AUDIT FORM
Sl. Description
Action
Status
No.
1

Stop Butt

Target Gallery

Firing Points

Range surface

5
6

Baffles walls & Side


walls
Ground Barriers

Support facilities

Is soil fill slope maintained?


Is cleaning of lead required?
Is there any serious damage to roof/ wing walls?
Is reinforcement lining intact?
Is there any water logging inside pit?
Are trolleys working properly?
Is mantlet maintained as per pamphlet-33?
Whether trenches are OK?
Is their any water logging inside OK?
Is turfing OK?
Are their any pebbles, hard surfaces, stones observed?
Is ground slope maintained?
Is there any serious damage?
Is reinforcement lining intact?
Is there any serious damage?
Are wooden boxes & caps intact?
Is their any pebbles observed?
Is soil surface slope maintained?
Is washed gravel filling OK?
Is target storage area properly used?
Is range complex properly used?
Is range complex provided with basic facilities?
Are proper roads and parking area provided?
Is 50 m wide no-man area around range direct fire zone
maintained green?
Is communication facility OK?
Is boundary wall around range OK?

Remarks:

(Member)

(Member)

(Member)

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PART-5
SALIENT FEATURES

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SECTION-X
IMPORTANT POINTS ON BAFFLE RANGE
General
77.
Any general details (firing point, trench, target gallery etc.) may be taken from
Pamphlet No. 33, Infantry Training , Volume III, Range and Courses, Range Construction and
Regulation (All arms).
78.
The Baffle range Mark(II) design provides a safety of 14 in the horizontal plane and
12 in the vertical plane.
79.
Board of Officers detailed by concerned formation at a given site will invariably have
a member from TBRL, Chandigarh.
80.
Plan of action for construction of Baffle range should be in accordance to policy and
directives issued at times by Integrated HQ of MOD(Army), General Staff Branch, MT-5.
81.

Firing Practice

(a)

The Baffle range has firing points at 500,400,300,200,100 and 50m. The firing
practice for 50m will be for standing position only.
The Baffle range is to be used strictly for six firers only.
Ground in direct fire zone must be leveled, dry, stone free and turfed.
Before any practice firings the soil fill & slope at firing points, ground barriers, target
gallery and stop butt must be checked, conditioned and correctly made up.
The practice firings must be conducted under the supervision of trained personnel who
are fully conversant with the operation of Baffle Range.
Weapons authorized on the Baffle range include 9mm Carbine & Pistol; 5.56mm
INSAS Carbine, Rifle & LMG; 7.62 Gun Machine MAG58; 7.62mm Sub Caliber for
106 RCL; 9mm Sub Caliber for 84mm RCL; 7.62mm SLR, AK-47.

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)

82.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Baffle Range safety


The targets must be placed correctly (especially height) in the trolley system as
mentioned in Pamphlet No.33. Incorrect placement of targets will result in increased
bullet hits on various structures.
A 50m wide No-man land with barbwire fence and sufficient green trees (not higher
than 15 feet) must be provided on sides and back of the Baffle range.
A brick/stone masonry boundary wall of 3.6 m height is to be provided around the full
range. Keeping in view the conventional range discipline, no movement of personnel
to be allowed within the range boundary wall when the firing is in progress.
It is evident that the misdirected shots will cause some damage to various structures.
Hence fitness of all the structures must be periodically checked and repaired using
appropriate repair material.
A protective lining should be provided in the line of fire on front face of RCC
structures to prevent heavy damage to it.

For more details contact: The Director, TBRL, Chandigarh.

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PART-6
GLOSSARY

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SECTION-XI
DEFINITIONS
Backstop: A device constructed to stop or redirect bullets fired on a range.
Baffles: Barriers to contain bullets and to reduce, redirect or suppress sound waves. Baffles are
placed either overhead, alongside or at ground level to restrict or interrupt errant or off-thetarget shots.
Barrel: The metal tube of a gun made from iron or steel, through which the bullet or shot
charge passes when the gun is fired.
Berm: An embankment used for restricting bullets to a given area, or as a protective or
dividing wall between ranges.
Bullet: A single projectile fired from a firearm.
Bullet Trap: A device designed to trap or capture the entire bullet and fragments as opposed to
redirecting the projectile into a sand pit.
Cartridge: A self-contained unitized round of ammunition that is made up of a case, a primer,
powder and a bullet. The case is usually made from brass but may be steel, metal alloy or
plastic.
Chamber: The enlarged portion of the barrel at the breech in which the cartridge is placed
ready for firing.
Direct Fire Zone: The area between stop butt and most distant firing line.
Firing Distance: The distance between the firing line and the target line.
Firing Line: A line parallel to the targets from where firearms are discharged.
Firing Position (Point): An area directly behind the firing line having a specified width and
depth that is occupied by a firer, his equipment and, if appropriate, an instructor.
Firing Range: A facility designed for the purpose of providing a place on which to discharge
firearms, shoot air guns and/or archery equipment.
Firing Range Complex: It may include offices, classrooms, club houses, parking facilities and
other related structures.
Horizontal Bullet Catcher (Eyebrow Catcher): A device installed along a backstop, a berm,
or on the range floor, and designed to capture ricocheting projectiles. More frequently used on
backstop areas where the slope does not positively contain bullets.
Impact Area: That area in a backstop or bullet trap directly behind the target where bullets are
expected to impact. The term may also refer to an area down range of a Baffle range from first
firing point towards stop butt where bullets will impact.
Line of Sight: An imaginary straight line from the eye through the sights of a firearm to the
target.
Muzzle: The forward end of a barrel.
Muzzle Velocity: The velocity of a projectile as it exits the muzzle of a firearm.
Noise: Unwanted sound is referred to as noise.
Criteria for elimination of ricochet from ground
The ricochets from ground can be eliminated by ensuring bullet impacting soft soil at
an angle exceeding 30deg, so that it gets either embedded in the soil or simply splashes back
after loosing most of its energy as a result of impact. The absorption of bullets misdirected
towards ground can be achieved by constructing ground barriers ahead of firing point
satisfying following requirements
minimum possible number of ground barriers must be used.
minimum maintenance requirements for shape of ground barriers.
height of ground barriers must not interfere with bullet trajectory and allows easy
movement of soldiers, and also the requirement of ground slope is minimized.

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Rules and Regulations: Standards used in the operation of a firing range. Rules and
regulations are set up to govern the method of range operation to include health and safety. The
violation of range rules and regulations generally carries penalties enforced by range officer.
Safety Baffles: Vertical or sloping barriers designed to prevent a projectile from traveling into
an undesired area or direction. Most often used to prevent bullets from leaving a confined area.
Small Arms: Firearms that may be both carried and discharged by one person, as opposed to
artillery pieces. Small arms are not subject to precise definitions, but the term usually includes
rifles, handguns (pistols), shotguns, submachine guns and machine guns.
Small Arms Range: Small Arms Firing Range is a live-fire training facility for practice firing
with small arms to improve the marksmanship skills of soldiers, and certifying personnel in the
use of handguns, shotguns, rifles up to 7.62mm.
Surface Danger Zone (SDZ): The portions of the range in the horizontal plane that are
endangered by firing a particular weapon. The SDZ includes the area between the firing line
and the target line, an impact area, a ricochet trajectory area, and a secondary danger area. The
SDZ may also include a weapon back-blast area. The SDZ must be located completely within
the boundaries of Armed force -owned or -leased properties.
Target Line: A line parallel to the firing line along which targets are placed.
Trajectory: The path a projectile travels from the muzzle to the point of impact.
Venetian Blind Trap: A steel trap that has a series of angled plates, 45 degrees or less,
sloping to the rear and toward the bullet impact area and installed in a vertical fashion as to
resemble a Venetian Blind. The bullets are directed upon impact into a chamber located at the
bottom of the device, where remaining velocity and energy are expended. The chamber
provides easy access for lead removal.
Vertical Danger Zone (VDZ): The VDZ is the volume of airspace above the SDZ between
the ground surface and the maximum ordinate of a direct-fired or ricochet round. The height of
the VDZ varies with the weapon and ammunition fired.

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SECTION-XII
THE 4 ES FOR BAFFLE RANGE
The 4-Es must be used at every step of developing a Baffle range. The 4-Es are:
evaluate, engineer, educate and enforcement.
(a)

Evaluate the needs of the prospective user and identify the specific firing activities to
be conducted on the Baffle range. Evaluate how many firing activities will be
conducted on the same piece of ground, but not necessarily simultaneously.

(b)

Engineer each Baffle range to accommodate the specific activities which are to be
conducted on the same piece of ground/range. Intimate knowledge of each activity and
a rule book specifying the detailed requirements (if applicable) of each activity is
essential. Each activity's requirements will have to be considered in detail to ensure no
conflicts in firing line design, target line location, target placement and target set up,
etc. Once the design criteria have been established, it will be important for the user to
truly understand that there will be very little room for change in use without returning
to the evaluation phase with a view toward additional engineering to retrofit the range
to accommodate the new activity.

(c)

Educate the range officers and those who will be using the facility (firers) in the
specific actions that are acceptable. Firearms, firearm calibers, positions that can be
used (standing, sitting/kneeling, prone), types of firing (slow fire only, rapid fire, etc.)
are few topics that should be taken into consideration from inception as to how the
range will or may be used. Briefings on the etiquette of firearms safety, how and when
to approach the firing line, how and when to change targets, commands that will be
used-and their meanings, range officer authority, etc. Careful consideration in this area
will reasonably ensure that the Baffle range will never be used outside of its design
criteria and thereby cause problems.

(d)

Enforcement is the final phase of the 4-Es and ultimately is the glue that will hold all
these considerations together into one cohesive package. Enforcement solidifies the
safety plan. The user must consider the specific methods and actions that will be
employed to ensure the Baffle range is always used within the design criteria.
Ultimately, it will be the responsibility of the range officer to determine the method to
be used, assuring adherence to the rules and regulations established.

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PART-7
ARCHITECTURAL LAYOUTS OF BAFFLE RANGE

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BAFFLE RANGE -300M

The no man land must be green. Plantation of normal


trees (10 to 15 feet high) is recommended.

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BAFFLE RANGE -300M ISO (SHADED)

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BAFFLE RANGE -300M ISO

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BAFFLE RANGE -300M PLAN

BAFFLE RANGE -300M SECTION

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100M SEGMENT OF 300 M BAFFLE RANGE

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BAFFLE RANGE - 100M PLAN & SECTION

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50 M SECTION OF 300 M BAFFLE RANGE

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BAFFLE WALL

75mm

75mm

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BAFFLE WALL-ARMOUR PLATE FIXING

20M SS Bolt 10cm in RCC, 9 mm projecting

15mm Wood

>50MM Wooden Batten

Armour Plate

30MM Wooden Batten

RCC Baffle Wall

20mm Wood

Top view

Left side view-enlarged

ScrewFlat head
RCC Baffle Wall

Nut
Wood covering with two layers of 20mm & 15mm thick
A 6 mm thick cap of armour grade steel should be placed above nut before
fixing wood covering to avoid any damage to bolt due to bullet impacts.

Left side view

Direction
of fire

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -9 of 16
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SIDEWALL

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -10 of 16
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STOP BUTT

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -11 of 16
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MARKERS GALLARY, SIDE WALL & BAFFLE WALL

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -12 of 16
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MARKERS GALLARY

Please refer Pamphlet No.33


for more construction details.
Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -13 of 16
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GROUND BARRIER

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -14 of 16
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FIRING POINT

Height of any surface in firing point above


ground level should not be more than 0.6m
(including wood lining). Please refer Pamphlet
No.33 for more construction details.

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -15 of 16
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BAFFLE RANGE -500M PLAN


(kindly refer A2 size drawing on next page )

Part-7 Architectural Drawings of Baffle Range-Mark(II) ofBaffle Range Procedures,TBRL/PAMPHLET/B.R.01/2006;Oct 2006; Copy: 06
Drawing -16 of 16
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