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Grammar Point #1 - Intimate Politeness Level - {s
!{s N # S
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} Construction #3 ~

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bXXl fXm X W XbdWbWWY# iX bY fXm nWWY#
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dc c b Xz
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Grammar Point #1 - Honorific Infix - `;
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````

b ]eX YY uXd YX uX W W {|}z bWWn XX b# gl W XY
X X c W c WaY XW X abW X bX WuXWz d XY uXc aYX c W`

$ %&'(()&)*)+ , # - .../0 %)%/ 1 2 - / 2 *- ))+

YX W n bWW bX W Wn bX XX Xz XW W W Wn XW X#
```````````````````````
~ tW W
```````````````````````

W ]eX uXd bWWn z eX bX uXd X]z Y YY `; W `;# rY b Wa bX
bWWn nW] Wn bX uXd bX Y Wc nW]#
`;y XY nW uXd XY W uWaX #

&y XY ` W dX b
& ` uXd X]
& ;y ` uXd X] bWWn nm
&; W_W
&; y uXd X] nW] W XX XuX W_W
&y#
; XY ab uXd X] XY WW#

y aX b ` W dX Wez W dX b
` uXd X]
; ` uXd X] bWWn nm
; W_W
; A ` uXd X] YY W XX XuX W_W
A#
& `````````````````````
X]X]dX
`````````````````````

bX W XX XuX XY bX XX b nW bX XW cW X e ab# r X`
X X buX XbX W X XY W bX bWWn nmz W W YX dWb#
`````````````````````````````
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WYcl W
`````````````````````````````
&yXY ` W dX e ` &;yXY ` W dX e ` bWWn
$ % &
$f ib g bX e
, % -. &

,f ib ibl aW
yaX b ` W dX Wec ` ;yaX b ` W dX Wec ` bWWn

f g cW ]WbX b
```````````````````````````
fWX pm] X
```````````````````````````

$ %&'(()&)*)+ , # - .../0 %)%/ 1 2 - / 2 *- ))+

.yY ` W W ` .;yY ` W W ` bWWWn

~ .AcW ` V XX W# ` .AXcW ` V XX W# ` bWWn
ydWY ` W XX ` ;ydWY ` W XX ` bWWn

~ AdacW ` V XX WWe# ` AdWXcW ` V XX WWe# ` bWWn
In both of the examples above, .A andAare showing politeness (standard politeness level)
and honorific speech at the same time.
y WY ` W W]X
y W]Y ` W]X bWWn nm nW] W XX XuX
A WcXWcW ` W]X bWWn nm YY W XX XuX
WcXW ` W]X bWWn nm ]X W XX XuX
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
Grammar Point #2 - Irregular verbs ` &y ` conjugation
`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
xXd b XY ab bX uWaX ll X W_XY YnnXX c b WbX uXd abX bX W`
_W ab uWaX # pX cz ll X XY ab bX uWaX b bX W`
_W# ibX bX W_W ab WWz bX uXd W_XY W] #

bX W_W ] ab uWaX # g YYWz bX uXd ] XY ab bX ll uWaX z
Y W ab WW nW b W_W W eX X X## y XY W dX
X ` b uXd W_XY W] #
5 g YYWz bXX X W_W abX bX uXd b dX W_XY b aW
W ]WX c d X Y bX uWaX bX c d X ]]XYX c X XY bX ll c d X
XbX ll W l#l
bX X XY c d X nnX bX W_W Y XY Wn YXX]
ab b W_W W X WY W ab b aW Y dX c c dX W_Wz bX
uXd W_XY n ll W ll a bX YXX] uWaX ab b aW Y dX c c dX
W_W#
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pm] X
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# y XY W_W ` W aX g]X k] X VXX
XX W_`
W
~ X W_W ` uXd X] g]X k] X VXX
XX W_W
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~ XW ` W aX g]X VW XX wXuX ] X XX XX W_W
# y eeXY W_W ` W Wnn g]X k] X VXX

XX W`
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XX W_W
~ W_W ` uXd X] ab bX uWaX X]WuXY b W_W
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XX
W_W
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XX W`
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~ d ` W dX dc g]X VW XX wXuX ] X XX XX W_W
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~ g
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' !" (### )* +#
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&y v
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b uXc W]`
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fa a k g
4# !!
+ ia bafg
ef abf hf fi
fafa aa kf
fk hbf
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23S ddfahi a b iae
b f na ga
(7*
eabf
BCS dafahi a kf ag
S ai a abf

& ' ()(**+,(,+- . ! # ///01 (+(0 2 3 # &0 3 (,# ++-

KL
NS ifi a f haan
3T dfab f g
a} w ia} b
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a kf
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v zh
fafaaa hf fi kf fk hbf" z fi a
ef abf abfaf ehf abf ff af} f} a ann f"
g g
abf iaw fai a ff" mg ! gfahfga j hf a
fsf kf aa a f"
a lae fif hf fa h h fffi hf abf} ba
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ef "
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Grammar Point #1 - Affirmative Imperative - j
jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj

hf nnbsf bfsf fi a sf abbi} ff a aif if g a
abfaf"
jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
va a

hf ada if a hf bf a ff fsf (# i ii a fj
f fsf (#!"
hff g hf ff sf a ff fsf "
Intimate Politeness Level

S akhi j a ig
(# 4 j ig bfsf j bf a ff fsf
Standard Politeness Level

S di j a ff
(#! ! j ff bfsf j bf a ff fsf

& ' ()(**+,(,+- . ! # ///01 (+(0 2 3 # &0 3 (,# ++-

Note: qg bf hf ii a ff bfsf f hf haan nu kf f
w l abfaf f abfaf a ia abfh"
h a kf a f"

hf nab a ff fsf f hf ada a
fk mfb &
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&
j abf bfsf j nab a ff fsf

hf nab a ff bfsf a fi anf alf af} a fsf
nab a" z ff g ffsfi na fa f an fufbf ba f "f" }
ff} àg g} pfif} h l b g ann } f ""
Note:
hf ef nab & anf kf nai a a hf ff} s e a
if a a hf k "
hf alf sfa an h kf nai bg ha af
ib ef } haefsf} w f a g f ffi a ef af baif af"
z
h { a
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Aof """ p ff""" vabf hff"""
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jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj
qaf tub f
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& ' ()(**+,(,+- . ! # ///01 (+(0 2 3 # &0 3 (,# ++-

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- ./0112.23 4 !) 55567 .2.6# 8 9 " " &6 9! . 223

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C!"#$ DEF&0+
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I!"#$ J FKL&0+
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4!256 PQRS! H+ & NO+ NO ' ( T789 RUV
:!"#$ WO0+ WO0 ' ( )&*+
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>!"#$ XY[! \]Z

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b

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d
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f
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- ./0112.23 4 !) 55567 .2.6# 8 9 " " & 6 9! . 223

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"#$o j r d!
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4!256 %& ' ( )789
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=!256 ;<& ' ( )789
>!"#$ ?@&0 ' ( )78s++
A!256 ?@&B ' ( )789
C!"#$ DEF&0 ' ( )78s++
G!256 H DEF& ' ( )789
I!"#$ J FKL&0 ' ( )78s++
M!256 ' ( )789
!"#$ NO0+ ' ( )78s+
4!256 PQRS! H+ & NO+ NO ' ( T789 RUV
:!"#$ WO0+ WO0 ' ( )78s+
=!256 H+++ XYRS! & HZ WO ' ( )789Z
>!"#$ XY[! \]Z
d v
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Grammar Point #1 - Expresses Ability, Capability or Possibility - b ( )9
b ()9 b

!

m ak a
a a
o fk a
o

!

m b
ak a k
(
!

ak ak

m a a
)9 !

m k k b
ak k

k

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b
b ( T9 b

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- ./0112.23 4 !) 55567 .2.6# 8 9 " " & 6 9! . 223

k

( T9

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a a a n

a ( T& b o
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b
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bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
g

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v b ( )9T9
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b ( )9T9
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b ( )9T9

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b
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t ( T789 b

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o { j r d!
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R9 b ! ( )9 * ' ( )&* !

- ./0112.23 4 !) 55567 .2.6# 8 9 " " & 6 9! . 223

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bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
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a+!
g a
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Grammar Point #2 - Formal Politeness Level b 78978s+
b789
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a

b78s
! b j f b
a }

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- ./0112.23 4 !) 55567 .2.6# 8 9 " " & 6 9! . 223

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h 4 h_ `d` `` ` `bV `b c^ ` `` ` q ^h

b``b g` bb eg g ^ `` `` ` q ^c` `b e` u^` `
i^^rV ^d` V a V è` e` ^r` u^`
g ^ ^
i` `b ^ ^ ^

g ` g`b ^ g` `b ^c dì i^g b` d` b ^ ^ `` g``
dì 4 i` ^_`b ^ `c ` ^ `` `d` V ``V a^^bV b `
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
w^ ^
kì à 4
-4 ab h ^ br

- a h dì à
- h 4
- 4 a_ h ^ br
: 7 D - 4 _`^h` h` a_ gàb
q b^y br ^g^ câ ^ `` `d`
q
g o ^

g_ g
og` obbj `p j^ ^ b
! " "

e` gg g_ g" g_ g" g_ g
ob ài eg ^ b qpa ^rj qpa ^ ^ b qpa ^ ^ b" qpa ^ ^ b"
< =>?@

<z g_ g g_ g g_ g
<ob ^ ga` c qpa ^ ^ b qpa ^ ^ b qpa ^ ^ b
Q RS

Q
gab` _ g
Q og` obbj `p j^ `b
T 7 RS

) *+,--./*0. 1 ' 2 34 *.*3! 5 6 2 $ 3 7' *02 ..

T h` gab` _ g

Tob qya ^ `b
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
^` la `
7 " h` ^`^_ g"
q a ^ ^` j"
'( ^` ___ b`^_ g

qy ` j g^ ^bj
# 7 4 4 _`^h` grj^h` b_ gàb

q b^y ^ ^ g^^
1 ) } ``^ g gj^

gy ^ `
5 ¡& ¢ £2 `h a`^r_ g`^

q bby `
< 2 ) ¤ ?/ £2 `^_` ``^r` a g_ g`^
oby j^ j ^ j``bj
/ Q X¥ ¦F £2} ab^ ^ _ g`^j^

§î^bj e `b
T ¨,7 X¥ } j`^h` ab^ ^_ gj^

§î^bj â` g``
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
© àài` ª
z^g` ej `` ` i` ``b ij g` `d` bdì «
g` bcc`h
` ` iè`` g` e^ g « ^b``b a^` ^ ^ V b 4 _
^b``b g` bb ej ^ `` `` ` 4 _ e^ b i` g` `^
a^ r` j c^b ^d` V `li^^rV b è`V gê`d`V `b âa^ j
^ ^ ^ « e^ b a^ r` j i` g`b b ^d`^ b e^ b
j j ^ i` c^b câ e` b^ a`
la `
& } _ gj^ ¬ « &} j^
¢ } a`^r_ gj^ ¬ « ¢2} a`^`^j^
# P } i^_ gj^ ¬ « ¨} i^j`^j^

) *+,--./*0. 1 ' 2 34 *.*3! 5 6 2 $ 3 7' *02 ..

Grammar Point #2 - Irregular ® Verb Conjugations h y®y ¯°± ²³

vg ` y®y i dìV g` dì à `b eg y®y qc g c^ ê`b ij ^ ^
eg g eg dê` V g` g` ® g`b ^ ^ ^ ´ a^ ^c g` a`V ®
g`b ^ ´
g` ^_^ g` cc` ^ ´ vg` g` dì à `b eg g`
dê` yµy ^ y¶yV c^ ê`b ij V b eg` dì à `b eg j dê` ^g` g
yµy b y¶yV c^ ê`b ij ´
w^ ^

g` ^^ ^c g` dì à eg g ® g`b ^ `g` ´ ^
g` ^_h
^ g` cc` ^ ´
4 b`^b h ^ i` g^
b`^ h dì à
·´ b`^ h ` dì à
·´ dì ^_^ g eg dê`
q
g o ^

g` ` ^_^ ^ gê g ^d`^ i` ` g` ^ ^ g
, bb ^^ g` dì à eg ^^

gi_ g
og` obbj `p j^ ^ b
4
g _
dì à ^_^ eg ^^
Please look below to see an example of the irregular conjugation with this verb
^` la `
4 h gb h ^ i` ^ b
g h dì à `b eg g` dê` y¸y
® h i h g` ^ ´
© ¹´ ^_^
¹´ 2 h g `^ h ` dì à a ` `` `` ^_^ a`
^ `` `d`
© ¹º ge^

) *+,--./*0. 1 ' 2 34 *.*3! 5 6 2 $ 3 7' *02 ..

»4 h _b h ^ r
» h _ h dì à `b eg g` dê` y¸y
® h i h g` ^ ´
© ¼´ ^_^
¼´ 2 _ `^ h ` dì à a ` `` `` ^_^ a` ^h
`` `d`
© ¼º _e^
#½4 h b^b h ^ g`
½ h b^ h dì à `b eg g` dê` y¶y
® h i h g` ^
© ¥
¥ b^^ h ` dì à a ` `` `` ^_^ a` ^ `h

` `d`
© ¥;
¾ ^` `la ` ^c e^b ^_`b g` a` ^ `` `d`

1 ¿4 © Àº
5 ÁÂ4 © Á¨º
< Ã4 © Zº
Q Ä4 © Åº
+ hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
© àài` ª

g` c^ ê dì ` `l `^ b b^y c^ ê g` ` i^d`
g``c^` g`` `
^_`b r` ^g` ` dì
Æ4 b h ^ e`
G4 _b h ^ gV ^ g^ b
# Ç4 b h ^ gè
1 È4 _^b h ^ i` ê
5 É4 `^ b h ^ i` eb`

) *+,--./*0. 1 ' 2 34 *.*3! 5 6 2 $ 3 7' *02 ..

5

!" # 5
6
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Grammar Point #1 - Or [@

[@ (%/ )## #

* #
g '
#
# # %* # h ' # $/ [@ )
'
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Usages:
-* (% )## ( )
h( '' (*
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AB B

CD EDFD B >; GHB BFD BB DE CD GD CD DBJ
ID HBE K GHBL HC C GD MHCM
C H CD D C DB E B
NBGOB
P D DD C JQDB RSBJ DBRB
'G C JQDB DDBG DBPDJSSP RSBJ DDRB
0P RSBS DD DB RDB CJSSPJRDRB CPB JDRB
7G DED P J SSJQDB DB JD GHB GEDBDBRB

B
TP UC V GD
C V CID BGD FBG BW B S
'X YBG BW B S
CD HCD RB BGD
0TP ZBGD [C
CW UD [C [ BW B S VW ER
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B SL B GDL B
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BID

Grammar Point #1 - From/Until J i,-
J JQDB D HC C GS B GD B D B B HC C DJ

B V QD DE MFBGLM M DLM B M FBGM
_BIDD RL J,- SSP D HC C GS B GD B D B B

HC C D B DE V QD DE M LM B M BM
6 jDD R DSL CDD HB D D DE B GS CD DC B EB BF B
k _B B

GD HBE i bB B HBE l ,-i

GD HBE l
%+ DBPD J RDDER
%+ l m %+ DBPDQDB J T D RDDER
%+ nop% DBPDQDB BCDDB

V H DE D RDDER
bB B HBE l
qr CSRB J CBB
qr l m qr CSRBQDB J FBG CBB
qr s,- t@% CSRBJQDB PJSSP DBDBDB
V H SDE FBG CBB B CBGD

GD HBE l ,-
u RDB J u BW B S

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u l ,- m u,- RDB JSSP J u BW B S
vwx u,- $y za CJ RDB JSSP D DBR

VWG B B QD HC GR FDE u BW B S
bB B HBE l ,-
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{,- |}h ~ PJSSP EDRDBE P D

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TP UC V GD
C V CID BGD FBG BW B S
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CD HCD RB BGD
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7 0P RSBS DD DB RDB CJSSPJRDRB CPB JDRB
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CW UD [C [ BW B S VW ER
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V HBSDE D ' BW B S CD FDBB
's ,- t%%&

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\D D V CID ' BW B S BGBBHL V W GDD RB
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DGDGQD
J,- JSSP B GD D BL MDIDM V C DL ,- SSP SDE
B B
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^B DID GD C FDE
,- % RJSSP HDB

^B DID QBC G S
Grammar Point #2 - Something J >;
8
CD DB HBE K GHB QD DE EDFD BB BGDC QR EE
B G D BPB
C QD DE B C EDFDE
k _B B
K l ;
>; GHB J BGDC
>; %
GHB DB
E RB QR BGDC
k V
C B
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RDB GHB DBP

CDD H BGDC CDDL C
'vw; >; %

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SS GHB DBDBPRDBDB
TBGDC FD D D
DGDGQD

CD EDFD B >; GHB BFD BB DE CD GD CD DBIDL K
GHB
C H CD D C DBW E B
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CD BPB QD DE B EFFDD DBID HBEL Q CDD D DB
¦BD_ § BG D CDD EDFD B QD GDGBODE

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@A A

BBC ADC AA CE F BCBC AGCA
HAC
IAJKA
L CAJCA CAJCA C CA BBC
!MA L CA NC JOA JECACA
+L -
.MA
1J
PCA- C CA
A MA MA N CA NC PCACAPA
:MA C<
=J A MA MA N ANEA PCCAPA

A
QL RB JP RB JP SP SA RB TUJ A CJMCE
!VA QL WA BGC AJCB A PA D C
+QL T XAO-
.VA CC- SP JA
1S RB VA WA JA CP
:VA YZ C JC<
=S RB VA WA BE C CP AA
TDAJ [AGCA

BC E A BC JC A CC CGC

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]CA Â M P
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CAJCA AB JP AB EC
CA JA
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A BGC MCC AGCCE
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A BGC MCC X
a LC JP BJM
C JP JC
$ PA JC
5 > A BE
[ TB
QC AENCA AA PA C CE A P OB BAC A DJ CJ IBC B
P bPAb HAC CXC ADC BAAC A C BC CAU JC A EEC BC
CA
B O BC C B AGCA "# MA OBA DCE OB
L C BC C AE CA ACGC AA $ 2 J OBA B L
JC BCC OA DA BC D JC BC JC A EEC BCJ

Grammar Point #1 - Possessive Pronouns
@ACGC AA C CE A MC AOCB AD AMLC A AJCAC ]XC P

' ())*+*(*, - $ % .../0 */ 1 2 % ! / 3 (% **,

ABC AA BCC C C BC A cDDCC ACGC AA C CE AE
A BC CXC C AB OB BC CC JM AA C AA E N
JC AA E C BC C AB MCOCC BC CC E BC CXC
d [A A
@ACGC @AA C C P A A AD AA E BC ACGC C
5
e a f g5 LCAN N g h 5 N D CA BJM AA h ACGC C

N a LC CE A BJM C ACC D BC CC C AD AJCAC BC CXC CC
e f i5 N N i h 5 N DAJ D CA AA h ACGC C

N C CE DAJ ACZ OBCC BC CXC DCC B a LC AA A C E
AC DA BC C AB OB BC CC T CE DAJ ACZ E OBC
BC CXC EAC A DCC BC CCE A BAO BC BBC CC A BC CC
e $ f j5 CAN N j h 5 N DAJ C AE CA AA h ACGC C

N $ CE DAJ ACZ OBC BC CXC DCC GCP AJDAM C OB BC CN
C E BC AOC C AB BC C Ck T AJJA P CE OBC BC CXC
B BC C BE BC C AB
e gl f gl h 5 N gl5 N BJM D CA A h ACGC C

7 N
BC ACGC C DA B ACGC AA P EACE JP
C
B ACGC C CE DAJ A DA CZJ C OBC BC CXC
EAC A XAO BC CC OC A OBC BC CC BA E J B AD BC AOC BC C N
AB
e mn f mn h 5 N mn5 N JC D CA AA h ACGC C

N
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C
B ACGC C CE DAJ A OBC BC CXC DCC B
gl LCAB AA A C
d T
B c A
o
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QLo RB JP RB JP SP SA
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.MAo PCA- C CA

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.VAo CC- SP JA
NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
p SAC YZJ C p
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a qrs tu' v9 LC BN BALNC PA
SP DCE GC w
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B JP
+ $ |} ~ PCA LOA

GC JC PA C
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SP BAJC M C JC
1 gl 6 9 LCAB LMNC LAMPA

SP BAJC J A C

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$ "# 7

%& ' 7
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q
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Grammar Point #1 - And, With i UV
iUV %i+,14 )
)( .*
) , , )((( , j( ,).,( ,)
~3+0~ ~, 0~ j+ c 3++ -
) j( -2.( c- (} iUV %i+,14 .*) +(
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d( ( iUV %i+,14 , j(
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