DESIGN FLOW CHART FOR DESIGN OF BEAM BY ASD.

Calculate

Mmax

Ec =

4700

n=

Es/Ec

f c'

(fc) max. allowable = 0.45 fc

(fc) max allowable = 0.4 fy
Assume

dmin =

k=

nfc
nfc+fs

2m
jkbfc

and

j=

Calculate
hmin = dmin+60

l
also

h= 12

limiting value (thumb rule)

decide

recalculate

calculate

steel

area

=Asfs jd

as= fsjd

(as)min =

fc'
4 fy

Decide bars:-

bwd =

1.4
by

bwd

1
1 k
3

DESIGN FLOW CHART FOE BEAM DESIGN (USD).

Decide slab (one way or two way)
Calculate all loads i.e. dead load, self wt. and live load for beam.
Calculate Mmax

(factred)

Now

Mu = known

Assume

Calculate

dmin =

Mu
0.205 fc' b

hmin = dimn+75

l
also hmin= 16

(for deflection control)

decide

recalculate

d = h-75
Asmin

Smin = 1.4/fy

Smax = 0.85

3 bc '
As max
8 by

( )

Calculate
a=

Mu =

Asfy
0.85 fc ' b
a
b Asfy (d )
2

Use these formulas and make trials. About 3 trials are enough.

Mu

As=

a
bfy (d )
2

Decide Bass:Methods to calculate As/8

Method I:W=

0.85 FC '
FY

R=

Mu
bd

S=w

R
(1 1 2.614
fc ' )

Method II / Method III

Using W & R use tables or graph
Method IV (trial method)
Assume

a=d/3

Mu
a
0.9 Asfy( d )
2

As =

A=

Asfy
0.85 fc ' b

Make about 3 trials and finally select a & As

DESIGN FLOW CHART FOR DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM:
Wu Mu
Calculate dmin=

Mu
hmin
0.205 fc' b

If hmax < hmin Design as doubly reinforced Beam.

decide

d & d

d'
600fy
d
600

CaseI

If

600Fy d '
<
600
d

Compression steel will not yield.

CaseII

If

Calculate

Smax=

600fy d '
>
600
d
1 0.85

Compression steel will not yield.

3 fc '
8 fy

(for single reinforcement)

As1 = Smax bd.

9
M1 = 0.9 AS1 Fy(d- 2 ) &

3
a= 8 )d
1

M2 = Mu-M1

M2
b fy(d d 1)

As1=
As1 =As2

As=Total tension steel = As1 = As2

NOW.
Fs=600 (

a 1 d'
)
a

As (revised) = As

As

&

For Case-I

fy
)
f s'

As

Decide Bass
DESIGN FLOW CHART FOR COLUMNS
Calculate Pu & Mu for different load combinations.

0.43 f c ' +0.008 fy

Ag=
Pu+ 2 Mu

Select
1

Pu+2 Mu
or Ag= 0.5 f c ' +0.01 fy

dimensions

Pu
Ag

using

Mu
Ag h

Maximum Ag
S(From curve)

2
3
If S for any one of above is > 3% Revise dimensions.
Else

ok

Decide

Ag

Ast =
Decide bars
If db <32

dia of tie = #10

If db >32

dia of tie = #13

Spacing of Ties: ( least of these)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

= 16xdb
= 48xdt
= 380
=375

Spacing spirls.
(i)
(ii)

1.5 x max-Aggregate size

25

Also chick against Smax & Smin

(sketch

section)

Design of one way slab:Check

ly/lx

>2

one way slab.

c
c span
25

hmin =

cover
dmin=hmin-20-7

(1/2 d(#13 bar))

effective span = Ln+h

Calculate loads

Mu

Pu

Calculate dimn =

Mu
0.205 fc ' b
Mu

Now

R= bd 2

&

(from formula or graph)

w(1-

As =

bd

w=0.85

fc '
fy

2.614 R

fc '

(As)min= min bd

min=0.002 for 300 Mp

min=0.0018 for 420 Mp

Decide Bars # 10 or #13

Decide spacing

As 1b
1000
As

Spacing should not be more than least of

(i)
(ii)

2h
300mm

(iii)

158300
2.5 Cc
fy

So use bars @

Distribution steel
Asmin = As

As 1b
1000
As

max=2 h

c/c spacing

Check for shear, calculate R calculate Vu at x=d

Now.

v Vc= v

1
f c ' b d >Vu

DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORMENT:Calculate Vu & Mu at d gram face of support

Vud
Mu

Vc=(

&

w=

As
bd

bwd

0.3 fc ' bwd

f c ' + 120 w Vud
Mu
7

v Vc=0.75Vc

Vvc
2
Vu > v Vc go for proper design

If

Vs= (Vu v Vc)/ v

1
2
f c ' bwd <vs < f c '

3
3

If

max last of following.

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

3Avfy
Bw
300 mm

bwd

Else i.e.

d/4

(1)
(2)
(3)

And

1=

Av fy d
Vu v Vc

Provide first stirp at

Calculate no of spaces for ln/5

vs

3Avfy/bw
d/2
600 mm

< 1/3

f c'

bwd

Recalculate x for calculated no. of spaces upto which stirps are provided

( ( Vu ) x

and

( Mu ) x

Now
Vc=(

bwd

0.3 f c ' bwd

f c ' + 120 w Vud
Mu
7

Vs=

Vu v Vc
v

max is calculate as before

2=

Decide

Av fy d
Vu v Vc

Calculate X1-distance after which no reinforcement for shear is required

v Vc v fc bwd
=
=Vend Wu. X 1
2
12

X1

Calculate no of spaces for

X1

X1=X + 2 x No. of Spaces

X2=X+ 1000

# 10 @ S1 C/C upto X
# 10 @ S1 C/C upto X2
Draw sketches
DESIGN FLOW CHART FOR T-BEAM
Calculate

Mu

Assume

a= 1h f

Mu

As= 0.9 fy( d a )

and

Asfy

a= 0.85 fc ' b

1hf

If

>

Go for design as T-section

Now
'

Asf= 0.85
And

1hf

( )

fc
( bbw )
fy

Newteral axis is out of flange

Mf=0.9(Asf fy (dNow

1h y

Mw=Mu-Mf

Now
Make trials for Asw using

Mu
Asw= 0.9 fy ( da/2 )
(first assume a= 1 h y
Decide

As=Asf+Asw

Check for ASmin

Decide bars
Prepare

detailing.

and

Asfy
a= 0.85 f c ' b

and make about three trials