ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS

Effectuation and the Social Entrepreneur

1. Reflect over your unique skills, networks and resources that you can leverage in
order to champion social change.
What is the one societal problem - lets call it your effectual domain - which you can
address with these skills, resources and networks you have? Be as specific as
possible while defining the problem in terms of region, beneficiaries. (5 Marks)
Child begging in urban areas is a social issue that I would like to address. There are an
estimated 300,000 child beggars in India1, although some organizations claim them to be
one million. Even though the problem is prevalent in many regions of the country, I
would like to start with my native city, Visakhapatnam and then probably scale up to
entire Uttar-Andhra region. In Visakhapatnam district if we consider the area from
Anakapalli to Tagarapuvalasa, there are approximately 450 to 500 Child Beggars. The
ratio of Girl beggars to the Boy beggars is 1:1 which means that there are equal number
of girls and boys who are into begging2. Children whove the right to receive their
primary education are deprived of it and are exploited by organized crime. Every year,
44,000 children fall into the clutches of the gangs. (Child Beggars, 2013)3. Child
trafficking takes many forms, and turning children in to beggars in urban areas is one of
the most prevalent one. Even though some children do it voluntarily (due to
circumstances), it is an evil thatll have many harmful repercussions on life of the child.
The beneficiaries are children below 18 years
a) whore trafficked by organized crime
b) orphans who dont have anyone to take care of
c) whore forced (or chose) to beg by their parents or guardians because of their ill
economic status
Ecosystem:
2. a) Provide an overview of the different actors (individuals, organizations, coalitions)
who have been working to solve problems in a sector of your interest. What
advances have been made? (5 Marks)
As of now, there are no organizations in India who exclusively take up this cause. But
there are several organizations who strive to uphold the rights of Children, and Child
Trafficking is a major issue in their agenda. Even though they address one of the causes
of Child Begging, major work on anti-child begging is done by very few organizations.
So lets look at some organizations and the progress that theyve done in this area.

1. i-india
I-Indias mission is to provide care, love and development for children living on
the streets of Jaipur.
It assists children with their immediate challenges, such as homelessness,
malnutrition and illness, while also developing their attitudes and skills so they
can make a better future for themselves.
They reach over 3000 children daily through street schools, residential homes and
vocational centers.
I-India is a fully registered, non-profit, non-governmental organization. It was
established in 1993 and employs a staff of eighty dedicated local people.
Salaries are modest, the office is small, and we stretch our funds to maximize
their impact. Unlike many other organizations, I-India has little savings, but
spends what it gets. The annual budget is about $200,000.
The eleven-member Board is elected bi-annually and consists of doctors,
professors, social workers and community members. Donors include Unicef,
Finland and the Government of India
I-Indias main activities are the provision of:
1. an information/advice help line for children in need
2. repatriation of children to their families
3. temporary and permanent homes
4. medical care and sanitation
5. nutrition
6. emotional support and counselling
7. education
8. vocational training
9. awareness, advocacy and research
Main programs are:
1. Child Line: a help line for children needing assistance or information.
2. Ganga : a permanent home for 50 orphaned and homeless girls.
3. Child Inn: a permanent home for 50 orphaned and homeless boys.
4. Temporary Homes: three temporary homes for 75 boys and girls.
5. Ladli: vocational centers for girls and boys
6. School on Wheels: two mobile schools providing education, nutrition and
medical care to street children where they live.
7. Integrated Program for Street Children: a government-funded child
development program operated at street points.
8. Annapurna: a kitchen project for street and working children.
9. Jhag Children Village (under progress)
2. Stopchildbegging Homes

 A committed group of people (professional job holders) who work on every

Sunday to save kids from begging in Hyderabad.
Started as a small team and volunteered for 6 months and done extensive research
to gather hundreds of NGO's lists which aid children
Personal visits and inspections of service activities of Hostels and NGOs listed on
their website
Organization doesnt seek donation, rather requests for voluntary time from
individuals to form into teams and rescue children from begging activities
Looking to expand by recruiting area wise volunteers who can form into teams
and conduct activities of the organization in that particular area
Maintains a website and an FB page to publicize their cause and spread awareness
among public regarding this issue
Co-ordinates with Hostels, Orphanages in sending the rescued children to these
places for their development
3. CHILDLINE INDIA FOUNDATION (1098 Service)
It is a non-government organisation (NGO) in India that operates a
telephone helpline called Childline, for children in distress.
It was India's first 24-hour, toll free, phone outreach service for children. Based in
Mumbai, it helps the homeless children. It also helps the children who are poor
and who cannot go to school. It gives those children education.
They collect money from people and they use the money to help these children.
Child line number is - 1098. The childline received average two million calls in a
year, most from children wanting to rescued from their place of work. India as
per 2001 census of India has over 12.7 million working children between of age
of five to 14 years.
Childline was first established as an experimental project in June 1996, by Jeroo
Billimoria, a professor at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai at
the department of Family and Child Welfare. Subsequently, Government of India,
established the Childline across India in 1998-99, under Ministry of Women and
Child Development, as an umbrella organization to support and monitor services
across India, while also serving as link between the ministry and various NGOs
working the field. The Secretary of the Ministry functions as the chairperson of
the Governing Board of the Foundation.
CHILDLINE is a platform bringing together the Ministry of Women & Child
Development, Government of India, Department of Telecommunications, street and
community youth, non-profit organizations, academic institutions, the corporate
sector and concerned individuals
It works for the protection of the rights of all children in general. But special focus is
on all children in need of care and protection, especially the more vulnerable sections,
which include:

Vision A child - friendly nation that guarantees the rights and protection of all children
Objectives

To reach out to every child in need of care and protection by responding to emergencies
on 1098.
Awareness about CHILDLINE 1098 amongst every Indian child.
To provide a platform of networking amongst organizations and to provide linkages to
support systems that facilitate the rehabilitation of children in need of care and protection.
To work together with the Allied Systems (Police, Health Care, Juvenile Justice,
Transport, Legal, Education, Communication, Media, Political and the Community) to
create child friendly systems.
To advocate services for children that are inaccessible or non existent.
To create a body of NGOs and Government organizations working within the national
framework and policy for children.
To be a nodal child protection agency in the country, providing child protection services
to children in need of care and protection.
To contribute and work towards strengthening and participating in a global movement
that addresses issues related to child protection and ensures that children's voices are
heard.

b) Pick any two organizations working in a sector of your interest. With available
secondary data compare their (social) business models on a business model canvas. Which
one has a more robust model according to you? Why? (5 Marks)
I would like to compare Childline India foundation a relatively large, centralized organization
to Generation Yuvaa a small, localized social service organization. The rationale for choosing
contrasting (in terms of scope, size) organizations is to give a picture on what best works in
which model.

A) Childline Foundation
Action Objectives:
Respond Primary function is to respond to the needs to such children, more so in emergencies.
After the emergency is taken care of, help the child with rehabilitation
Provide Provide much required platform for networking amongst various other organizations
through the country, thus forming an effective web of relationships for rehabilitation of children.
Sensitize An important function of CHILDLINE is to sensitize, train and collaborate with
allied systems, such as the Police, Hospital, Railway, Municipal Corporations, Government,
Educational Institutions and Social Welfare Organizations to work towards ensuring the rights of
children in need of special care and protection.
Document In order to increase transparency and accountability, they document the process of
CHILDLINE.
Build Dedicated to working towards building a referral network of legal, medical, economic
and media professionals to advocate for child related issues.
Network To increase their outreach, they work to establish CHILDLINE networks in the Asia
Pacific region. Also network internationally to evolve a comprehensive child protection strategy.
Involve Involves the government, the public, the media and the corporate sector in their efforts
to respond to children's needs.
Advocate Since it is important to create a legal framework to support any issue, it advocates
for changes in laws and policies relating to children's issues.
Explore Work towards exploring possibilities of merging and integrating with government
aided programs.
Train A well-trained staff which understands the processes and philosophy of CHILDLINE is
crucial. Management of the organization at city and national level is facilitated by establishing a
training and documentation center.
Manage Usage of systems, expertise and experience to develop Management-Information
Systems to assist organizations to provide quality service to the child.
Contribute With a vast backup of documents, research and reports on children related issues,
it also contributes towards theory building.
The partnership model of CHILDLINE India

CHILDLINE is a platform bringing together the Ministry for Women & Child Development
(GOI), working in Partnership with State Governments, NGOs, International Organizations, the
Corporate Sector, Concerned Individuals and Children.
CHILDLINE is the crucial link between children in need of care and protection and the available
services. For children with different needs, who call in anytime, anywhere, and for anything, we
act as a one-point contact which facilitates instant access to support, advice, active intervention
or just a listening ear. We connect children in emergency on one end of the phone line to a well
connected network of services.
Services that already exist. No new shelter, no new hospital, no new infrastructure was to be
built. What was needed and obtained was, the effective use of resources provided by
organisations working with children.
We at CHILDLINE believe that for a helpline to be successful and effective in reaching out to
the millions of children deprived of their childhood, we need to work in a partnership
framework. A framework that recognizes that:
- A helpline cannot operate in isolation
- All partners involved in the helpline share a reciprocal relationship
- Each partner has clear and definite roles in the partnership model. This leads to a feeling of
joint ownership towards the model.
- All partners share the vision, mission and the success of the model.
Structure of CHILDLINE at the local level in any city/district
CHILDLINE functions through a network of NGOs, academic institutes, the corporate sector and
the allied systems. The focus of the service is to reach out to every marginalized child and hence
programmes must be designed accordingly.

CHILDLINE Advisory Board (CAB) comprises of senior level functionaries from the
allied systems, NGOs, concerned individuals, media etc. It is the policy making body for
CHILDLINE at the city level and it periodically undertakes reviews of CHILDLINE.

The Nodal Organization, essentially an academic institute ensures coordination,

training, research, documentation, awareness and advocacy.

The Collaborative Organization, essentially a 24-hour service for children, responds to

calls on 1098, provides emergency intervention, links children to services for ultimate
rehabilitation, conducts awareness and outreach programmes, documents every call that
comes into CHILDLINE.

The Support Organization responds to calls referred by the collaborative organization,

conducts awareness and outreach programs.

Resource Organizations: These organizations act as referral centres for CHILDLINE.

They also participate in outreach and awareness programs for CHILDLINE.
The Brand Add-on Partnership is stamped by a unique set of traits:

Every unit is decentralized and self-managed. But taken together, all units integrate into
one common vision and one national service.

Partners are accountable to and interdependent on each other. Their roles are laid out in
all partnership documents. They offer feedback to each other, and seek feedback from
children. They take on a common voice outside at all advocacy and negotiation tables.

Partners juggle multiple identities with good strategy and ease. They own a common
national 1098 brand that folds into their local organizational presence.

All partners are guided by common service standards and norms. The partnership
structure is uniform. But there is flexibility, to stretch and adapt to what children tell
them.

All partners bring a special out-of-the-box resourcefulness to CHILDLINE, just as 1098

brings them credibility. Partners nurture CHILDLINE, just as CHILDLINE accelerates
their access and impact of work with disadvantaged children.

B) GENERATION YUVAA (Mr. B. Naresh Kumar Founder and President)

A registered Non-governmental organization with society number 1066, under the Act 35
of 2001. Based at Visakhapatnam, it works on different social issues and mainly for the

welfare of the children who are deprived of basic child rights like primary education,
health and other categories. This involves street children, orphans and child beggars.

It is a team built with many dedicated members who completed their graduation and
post-graduation in streams like B-Tech, MBBS, BDS, Psychology, Social work & other
streams, many other students who are currently pursuing are very much passionate to
work for the society. With more than 5000 registered members, a dedicated team of 200
members with Core Team strives continuously in our ongoing work for the society.

The following are different work streams of the organization till date:

GEN-YUVAA HOME FOR NEEDY (Orphanage Home)

ERADICATION OF CHILD BEGGING

BLOOD WING (SURAKTHA)

YOUTH MOTIVATION WING

Generation Yuvaa Child Home (HOME FOR NEEDY)

Generation Yuvaa has started a Child Home to provide a shelter for street children, orphans and
street beggars. The strength right now is 53 children who came from lower socio economic
strata. These children are provided with basic facilities like shelter, clothing and food along with
education. Some of these children who are old enough to go to school are funded for their
education. Along with this, the childs overall development is also focused by indulging them in
various physical activities and play. Certain standards are followed while preparing food keeping
the nutrition norms in mind. Along with this, weekly health checkups are done by medical
professionals.
Interventions by GENERATION YUVAA:
Spreading awareness: Gen Yuvaa focuses on spreading a lot of awareness about child begging
to bring the focus on the issue that it is a major social issue that needs to be worked on. This is
done using various ways like spreading pamphlets, rallies and other resources.
Child and parental counseling: Appropriate counseling sessions are given to the child who is
recused either from child begging or otherwise. At times when families are involved, parents are
counseled as well. The organization follows ethical counseling which means that the child or the
parent is never pressured to be a part of the session and the confidentiality of the cases are not
disclosed without permission.
Child rehabilitation: Once the family and the child are counseled, the child enters the process
of rehabilitation. By assessing the age and the interest expressed by the child, he/she is either

sent to school or is trained vocationally to provide employment. In certain cases, where the child
is interested in education but is not financially capable of going to school, Gen Yuvaa sponsors
the child's education. At times fund raising is also done to keep up with the financial needs of the
child.
Employment: In certain cases after counseling and assessing all areas, the organization has even
provided or referred employment to the parents of the child who is rehabilitated.
Child referral: Appropriate child referrals are made by the organization in cases where the child
needs a place to stay for a long time.
Public Awareness:
Generation Yuvaa has adapted different ways to reach to public. Some of them are
Pamphlets, Rallies, Posters, Media (print/ online/ news), Public talks (schools/ colleges/
talks), Skits
Pamphlets which are bilingual are distributed at every public gathering and important public
places in the city. Rallies are conducted frequently where slogans against child begging and
hoardings having information about child begging are displayed. Posters about the organization
and child begging are displayed at various educational institutes and youth centric places. Skits
are conducted by the members of Gen Yuvaa at various public forums to explaining the concept
of child begging through art.
Gen Yuvaa has been mentioned in both print media and news where the organization members
have talked about child begging as a serious social issues and how it needs to be worked upon to
provide a better opportunity to children. Public talks about child begging are given by the
Organization at various public forums including schools, colleges and offices.

Revenue Generation:
A. Donations from Public
B. Founder B.Naresh Kumar runs a handicraft shop named Green House , and all the
proceedings from it are used in funding the organization.

Details:

Food & Accommodation :

For Month: Rs.2000/For Year: Rs. 24000/-

Education : (Includes School fee, Books & stationery, Travel expenses and other
miscellaneous charges)
For Month: Rs.1200/For Year: Rs. 14,400/-

ORPHAN HOME REQUIREMENTS

BREAKFAST : Rs.500/- (per day)

LUNCH : Rs.1000/- (per day)

EVENING SNACKS : Rs.500/- (per day)

DINNER : Rs.1000/- (per day)

MILK : Rs.500/- (per day)

TOTAL: Rs.3500/- (per day)

The Childline Foundations model is more robust due to its various tie-ups and network
leveraging done by its founder. Gen Yuvaa is relatively a young organization and depends
majorly on earnings from the Green House shop, founders own money and public donations.
But its goodwill fetched during Blood Donation programs conducted by the organization surely
helps in finding more willing donors. Also it has a direct impact donation model where one can
fund each individual or a day of maintaining the orphanage.

References:
Paper: 1,2,3 :Rights of Children: A Case Study of Child Beggars at Public Places in India Dr
Anupma Kaushik1
http://www.i-indiaonline.com/home2.htm
http://www.stopchildbegging.org/home
http://www.genyuvaa.com/index.php

http://www.childlineindia.org.in/index.htm