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L2 = 0.7 m
D = 0.1 m
Outlet
L3 = 0.3 m
Symmetry
Consider the steady state case of a fluid (air) past though a cylinder. Show velocity
vector around the cylinder and determine the reattachment length of the vortex
behind the cylinder when the Reynolds number is 10000.
The diameter of the cylinder is set to 0.1 m, the density of the air is set to 1.225
kg/m3, and the dynamic viscosity is set to 1.7894 10 -5 kg/m*s. Thus, the x
component of the inlet flow must be set to 1.5 m/s in order to achieve the desired
Reynolds number.
2) Geometry
Fluid Flow (FLUENT) Project Selection
Analysis Type
Setting
Sketching > within the sketching toolboxes, select settings > highlight Grid >
tick both show in 2D and snap.
Create a circle.
Modeling > Highlight Sketch1 > Sketching > draw > Circle > draw rectangle
in graphics with each sides of the rectangle having 0.1 m (10 cm) in length.
We can draw anywhere in the graphics but the best way is to draw near the
reference point. Figure below show that the centroid of rectangle was located
at x = 0, y = 0 cm.
Create a rectangle.
Modeling > Highlight Sketch2 > Sketching > draw > Rectangle > draw
rectangle in graphics with 60 cm height and 100 cm width.
3) Mesh
Launch Mesher
Meshing
Highlight Mesh > Sizing > Use Advanced Size Function = On: Curvature;
Relevance Center = Medium
Inflation
Specify Geometry. To do this, select face selection filter then click on the
surface of the region occupied by fluid in the graphic and then click Apply.
Specify Boundary. To do this, select edge selection filter then click on the
edge of the circle in the graphic and then click Apply.
Set the Inflation option to First Layer Thickness. Set First Layer Height to
0.005 m. Set Maximum Layer to 5 and Growth rate to 1.2.
Face selection
filter
Edge selection
filter
Sizing
Edge selection
filter
Click Generate Mesh. If the graphic did not changed, click Show Mesh. The
mesh should look like below.
Create a named selection for all boundary conditions. To create the named
selection, choose the edge selection filter, then select an edge. While the
edge is highlighted, right click and select "Create Named Selection". In the
new window that appears, type in any name and select "OK" to confirm.
Figure below show that two edges have been selected and being named as
Symmetry. Do the same procedure for the other edges.
4) Physics setup
Launch Fluent
(Double Click) Setup in the Workbench Project Page. When the FLUENT
Launcher appears change options to "Double Precision", and then click OK as
shown below.
This is where we'll specify the governing equations and boundary conditions
for our boundary-value problem. On the left-hand side of the FLUENT
interface, we see various items listed under Problem Setup. We will work from
top to bottom of the Problem Setup items to setup the physics of our
boundary-value problem. On the right hand side, we have the Graphics pane
and, below that, the Command pane.
Check Mesh
You should now have an output in the command pane stating that there are
987 cells.
(Click) Mesh > Check
You should see no errors in the command pane.
Specify Models
Then set the Density to 1.225 kg/m^3 and set Viscosity to 1.7894e-05
kg/m*s. Click Change/Create then click Close.
Boundary Conditions
Solution Methods
Solution > Solution Methods > Set turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent
dissipation rate to Second Order Upwind.
Convergence criterion
Initial guess
Solution > Solution Initialization > Standard Initialization. Set Compute from
inlet then, click Initialize.
Solution > Run Calculation. Set the Number of Iterations to 9999. Then, click
Calculate.
5) Analysis
Velocity Vectors
Results > Graphics and Animations > Vectors > Set Up...
Vectors of velocity, color by velocity, velocity magnitude. Set the Scale to 3.
Then click Display.
Reattchment length
L = 0.65 m
This line is not the physical line included as part of the computational
boundary. Instead, it is an imaginary line for data extraction. The line is drawn
by key in the coordinate with the point of origin is the same as we have
drawn in Design Modeler. In this case, the centroid of cylinder is the point of
origin with x =0, y=0.
Surface > Line/Rake
Set x0 = 0.05, x1 = 0.4, y0 = 0, y1 = 0; New surface name = line-behindcylinder then click Create.
The results should look like below. The negative velocity indicate the
existence of vortices. But as the distance is further away from the cube, the
streamwise velocity becoming positive. The velocity at 0 m/s indicate the
maximum vortex length behind the cube. However, it is difficult to determine
the length at which the velocity becomes zero. Therefore, we need to export
to Microsoft Excel.
Save to any folder and give name and make sure the end of filename, include
.xy as shown below.
Next open the .xy data with notepad and copy all data. Then paste into
Microsoft Excel and begin plotting the data.