0 - Complete Blasters Guide

THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the
Explosives and Blasting Industry
Legal Disclamer: This guide is intended for

use by qualified engineers, experienced in
explosives blast design and execution.
Substantial
training
regarding
the
functionality and limitations of this software
is required to use this software properly.
This guide cannot account for all field
conditions. Professional judgement must
be exercised by the engineers using this
guide and executing the field work.
All warranties and conditions are
disclaimed and this guide is licensed 'as is'.
The guide may contain errors and therefore
all calculations should be reviewed by a
qualified engineer for inconsistencies and
errors.
Austin Powder Company, Inc.

25800 Science Park Drive
Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44122
Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
Email: info@austinpowder.com
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
Blasters General Information ........ . 2

PIB Catalog (all) ....................... 2 2
Seismic PIB Catalog ................... 9 5
MSDS Catalog ........................ 1 1 7
State and Federal Contacts ......... 1 7 1
IME Glossary ......................... 1 7 9
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
Blasters General
Information
Blasters General Information ......... 2
Blast Design Formulas .................. 7
Conversions and Tables .............. 1 3
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE SUCCESSFUL BLASTER
BLASTERS GENERAL INFORMATION

Blasters Tips .........................................................................................................
Blasters Rules .......................................................................................................
Austin Powder CompanysSafety Policy ......................................................................
Austin Powder Companys Corporate Goals ................................................................
Austin Powder Companys Corporate Goals ................................................................
Misfire Procedures ..................................................................................................
4
4
4
4
4
5
-Austin Powder Companys Misfire Procedures

-The Federal Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
-The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
References ............................................................................................................ 6
2 0 0 2 AU S T I N PO W DE R C O M P AN Y
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
GENERAL INFORMATION
Blasters Tips
CHECK the availability of blasting shelters, your blasting
equipment, the face, the drill pattern, exposure within
and around the blast area, availability of adequate
stemming.
DIAGRAM the shot as drilled, delay timings
MEASURE burden, spacing and depth, noting any deviations
9. When loading bulk explosives, a 1-ft. to 2-ft. column of

bulk explosives should be loaded prior to the primer.
10. When loading packaged explosives, load one stick
prior to the primer. This ensures that the primer is not
driven into cuttings at the bottom of the borehole.
11. Be certain that stemming is adequate. Avoid using
wet or muddy stemming material. Crushed stone is
recommended.
CALCULATE the powder factor
12. Always clean the shot area of bags, wire, boxes, etc.
prior to the connecting up.
INSURE adequate trained personnel on blast crew
13. Always have adequate cover at the blasting point.
LOAD so shot can be fired prior to completion of loading

in case of emergency (weather, equipment break-down,
etc.)
14. Make sure you understand the signal to fire the shot.
If in doubt, delay firing.
CLEAN shot area prior to hook-up
16. Evacuate blast area when threatened with electrical

storms.
CLEAR blast area after hook-up

UTILIZE blasting shelter and adequate cover for all in
blast area
RECEIVE distinct clear to fire signal
CHECK post blast area for safe re-entry
GIVE clear to re-enter signal
COMPLETE shot report with diagram
EVACUATE BLAST AREA WHEN ELECTRICAL STORMS
THREATEN AND ALWAYS USE COMMON SENSE!
Blasters Rules
1. Check blasting equipment for condtion, capacity, etc.
prior to loading the shot.
2. Arrive at the blast site early. Allow yourself ample
time to load and connect shots. Misfires are caused by
hurrying.
3. Observe the formation and drill pattern prior to loading.
Look for mud seams, soft material, light bur-dens and
spacing.
4. Diagram the shot as drilled. Time your shot using
MS numbers, rather than cap numbers. Review timings
before caps are laid out.
5. Calculate powder factors prior to loading. Measure
burden, spacing and depth. Dont use the drillers
measurements!
6. Keep the number of people to a minimum when loading
and connecting up. Idle people can be dangerous.
7. Assign duties to specific people during loading and be
sure they carry out those duties.
8. Start loading your shot in such a manner that you
could shoot in the event of equipment failure.
15. Complete your shot report before leaving the site.
17. Always use common sense!
Austin Powder Companys Safety Policy

Safety alone ranks above quality, sales, production,
and costs.
The goal is the prevention of all accidents and unusual
safety occurrences.
Every employee must work, think and act safely and
must fulfill their safety responsibilites.
Each member of a team is jointly accountable for the
safety of all members of their team.
The management of the company will take the
necessary provisions to provide a safe workplace and to
ensure safe working practices.
Austin Powder Companys Corporate Goals

We will face issues that impact our customers and our
company with:
Safety
Respect for all individuals
Excellence in all our products and services
Integrity
A fair return
Austin Powder Companys Quality Policy

We will provide all of our associates and customers
with products and services, which meet agreed upon
requirements.
We will do it once, do it right, and do it on time.
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
MISFIRE PROCEDURES
Austin Powder Companys Misfire
Procedures
When a misfire occurs, use the one-half hour waiting
time to clear your mind and think about the condition
that has been created. Document the hole or area that
contains the misfire completely, while this is still fresh in
your mind.
Do not permit any work in the misfire area. Danger
off the area. Notify the permittee of the misfire. Contact
your supervisor for assistance. We recommend that prior
to refiring a misfire, another blaster familiar with the mine/
quarry be brought in to assist with the decision to fire or
render inert the explosive.
Proper misfire handling should be conducted by
experienced individuals familiar with the initiation
systems and explosives used, as well as the proper
techniques to handle, neutralize and render safe the
explosive materials. Specific recommendations cannot
be made concerning misfires as every misfire is unique
and very site specific. Each misfire must be handled
individually.
All information regarding the misfire must be analyzed
completely and a plan of action established with a
method to Make Safe the area. Specific Federal/State
or Local laws may also dictate additional procedures.
When a misfire occurs, the power source used to
initiate the blast must be disconnected, the firing line
shunted or made safe before entering the blast area to
inspect the misfire. All personnel must stay out of the
blast area for at least 1/2 (30 minutes) hour. Access to
the blast area must remain blocked and guarded.
Once a determination is made by the blaster in charge
and another blaster familiar with the area of the stability of
the area, such as adequate burdens, spacing, stemming,
etc., a decision may be made to refire the misfire. Refiring
a misfire is usually the safest and best way to eliminate
the danger. Extra care must be taken, as the designed
pattern HAS changed.
Once a determination has been made to refire, the
blast area must be cleared to double the initial perimeter
(at a minimum). If this is not possible, alternate methods
of handling should be considered.
The Federal Mine Safety and Health

Administration (MSHA)
IN 30 CFR (CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS),
PART 57.6000, DEFINES A MISFIRE AS:
The complete or partial failure of explosive material
to detonate as planned. The term also is used to describe
the explosive material itself that has failed to detonate.
A misfire is described as the failure of an explosive
charge to detonate. The best advice that can be given
regarding the handling of misfires is to take every
precaution to prevent their occurrence.

Anytime misfired holes, portions of a misfired hole,
or unexploded explosive material remains after a blast
is fired, a hazardous situation is created that will exist
until the proper handling of unfired explosive material. A
misfire requires sound judgement and a comprehensive
understanding of explosives. Most misfires occur
because of improper techniques or short cuts, and
sometimes because of the geological formation.
It is important that any investigation into a misfire be
conducted with a fair and open mind. Any preconceived
idea of the cause may mask the true cause, and prevent
a future occurrence.
MSHA - 30 CFR. PART 57.6311 ADDRESSES THE
HANDLING OF MISFIRES AS:
(a) Faces and muck piles shall be examined for
misfires after each blasting operation.
(b) Only work necessary to remove a misfire and
protect the safety of miners engaged in the removal
shall be permitted in the affected area until the misfire is
disposed of in a safe manner.
(c) When a misfire cannot be disposed of safely, each
approach to the area affected by the misfire shall be
posted with a warning sign at a conspicuous location
to prohibit entry, and the condition shall be reported i
mmediately to mine management.
(d) Misfires occurring during the shift shall be reported
to mine management not later than the end of the shift.
MSHA - 30 CFR. PART 57.6310 DEFINES THE
MISFIRE WAITING PERIOD AS:
When a misfire is suspected, persons shall not enter
the blast area until:
(a) For 30 minutes if safety fuse and blasting caps are
used; or
(b) For 15 minutes if any other type detonators are
used.
The Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA)
(a) If a misfire is found, the blaster shall provide proper
safeguards for excluding all employees from the danger
zone.
(b) No other work shall be done except that necessary
to remove the hazard of the misfire and only those
employees necessary to do the work shall remain in the
danger zone.
(c) No attempt shall be made to extract explosives
from any charged or misfired hole; a new primer shall be
put in and the hole reblasted. If refiring of the misfired
hole presents a hazard, the explosives may be removed
by washing out with water or, where the misfire is under
water, blown out with air.
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
MISFIRE PROCEDURES
(d) If there are any misfires while using cap and fuse,
all employees shall remain away from the charge for at
least 1 hour. Misfires shall be handled under the direction
of the person in charge of the blasting. All wires shall
be carefully traced and a search made for unexploded
charges.
(e) No drilling, digging, or picking shall be permitted
until all missed holes have been detonated or the
authorized representative has approved that work can
proceed.
OSHA Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR) Misfires. 1926.911
Standard Number: 1926.911
Standard Title: Misfires.
SubPart Number: U
SubPart Title: Blasting and the Use of Explosives
REFERENCES
Avey, L. 1990. Pre-Split Economics and Practice
at Gold Fields Operating Co. - Gold Fields Mine.
Proceedings of the Sixteenth Conference on Explosives
and Blasting Technique. Orlando, FL: International
Society of Explosives Engineers.
Chiapetta, F., Borg, D. and Sterner, V. (Eds.) 1987.
Explosives and Rock Blasting. Dallas, TX: Atlas
Powder Company Field Technical Operations.
Hopler, R. (Ed.) 1998. Blasters Handbook 17th Edition.
Cleveland, OH: International Society of Explosives
Engineers.
Konya, C. and Walter, E. 1991. Rock Blasting and
Overbreak Control. McClean, VA: United States
Department of Transportation Federal Highway
Administration.
Siskind, D., Stachura, V., Stagg, M. and Kopp, J. 1980.
Structure Response and Damage Produced by
Airblast from Surface Mining. United States Bureau of
Mines Report of Investigations 8485. Washington, D.C.:
United States Department of the Interior.
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
COMMON FORMULAS USED FOR BLAST DESIGN
BLAST DESIGN FORMULAS

Absolute Bulk Strength (ABS) ....................................................................................
Absolute Weight Strength (AWS) ................................................................................
Actual Scaled Distance ............................................................................................
Base-Charge Length ...............................................................................................
Burden ..................................................................................................................
Deck Stemming ......................................................................................................
8
8
8
8
9
9
-For Dry Holes

-For Wet Holes
Face Height ........................................................................................................... 9

Hole-to-Hole Delay Time .......................................................................................... 9
Loading Density .................................................................................................... 10
Maximum Charge Weight per Delay .......................................................................... 10
Minimum Distance.................................................................................................. 10
Powder Factor ...................................................................................................... 10
-Volume of Rock Input
-Weight of Rock Input
Pre-Splitting Formulas for Air-Decked Charges .......................................................... 11

-Spacing of Air-Decked Charges
-Weight of Air-Decked Charges
-Stemming Column Length
Pre-Splitting Formulas for De-Coupled Charges ......................................................... 11

-Linear Charge Weight
-Spacing between Pre-Split Holes
Pressure Formula .................................................................................................. 11

Relative Weight Strength (RWS) ............................................................................... 12
Resistance Formulas ............................................................................................. 12
-For Paralle Circuits
-For Series Circuits
Row-to-Row Delay Time ......................................................................................... 12

Stone Stemming Particle Size .................................................................................. 12
Spacing ............................................................................................................... 13
-Instant
-Delayed
Sub-Drilling ..........................................................................................................
Supersonic Face Velocity .....................................................................................
Top-Stemming Length ...........................................................................................
Water Displacement ..............................................................................................
Weight of Rock per Blast Hole .................................................................................
Vibration Level Prediction .......................................................................................
13
13
13
14
14
14
-Peak Particle Velocity Prediction

-Site Specific Ground Transmission Constant
Volume of Rock per Blast Hole ................................................................................ 14
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

HOW TO READ FORMULAS
FORMULA NAME
FORMULA
VARIABLES and [UNITS]
Variables used in formula and required units in

[brackets]. If input variables are not in required
units, then you must use the unit conversion tables.
Absolute Bulk Strength (ABS)
ABS E AWSE dE
Base-Charge Length Formula
Eb
0.3
E b = Length of base charge of high density

explosives [ft]
B = Average burden [ft]
J = Sub-drilling depth [ft]
Acutual Scaled Distance Formula
Actual Scaled Distance
ABS E = Absolute bulk strength of the explosive

[cal/cc]
AWS E = Absolute weight strength of the explosive
[cal/g]
d E = Density of the explosive [g/cm 3 ]
SD
RBS E 7 . 462
AWS E = Absolute weight strength of the explosive

[cal/g]
RBS E = Relative bulk strength of the explosive
[ANFO = 100]
d E = Density of the explosive [g/cm 3 ]
D
W
SD
Minimum Distance
D SD
dE
Maximum Charge Weight per Delay
Absolute Weight Strength (AWS)
AWS E
0.5 B J
SD = Scaled distance factor

W = Charge weight per delay [ lb ]
D = Distance [ft]
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Burden Formula
Hole-to-Hole Delay Time Formula
d
B De 2 e 1.5
dr
D hth 0 5 S
ms/ft
B = Burden [ft]
de = Density of the explosives [g/cm 3 ]
dr = Density of the rock [g/cm 3 ]
De = Diameter of fully coupled explosive column [in]
Dhth = Delay time between holes in a row [ms]

S = Spacing between holes in a row [ft]
Hole-to-Hole Delay Times to Improve Fragmentation
Deck Stemming Formula
For Dry Holes
Td 0.5 D
For Wet Holes
Td 1.0 D
Rock Type
ms/ft
Sands, Loams, Marls and Coals
1.8 - 2.1
Some Limestones, Rock Shale and some Shales
1.5 - 1.8
Compact Limestones and Marbles, some Granites

and Basalts, Quartzite Rocks and some Gneisses
and Gabbros
1.2 - 1.5
Diabase, Diabase Porphyrites, Compact Gneisses,

and Mica Schists and Magnetites
0.9 - 1.2
Td = Minimum length of stone deck

consisting of particles of size Ts [ft]
D = Blast-hole diameter [in]
Face Height Formula
10 D
H = Face Height [ft]
Leading underground mining technology.
D = Blast-hole Diameter [in]
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Loading Density Formula
d l 0.3404 De d e
Minimum Distance Formula
D SD
d l = Explosives loading density [lb /ft]

De = Diameter of explosives column [in]
de = Density of explosives [g/cm 3 ]

W = Charge weight per delay [lb]
D = Distance [ft]
Powder Factor Formula

Volume of Rock
PF
We
V
Loading a blast on an iron ore range.
PF = Powder factor [lb/yd 3 ]

We = Total weight of explosives used in blast [lb]
V = Total volume of rock generated in blast [yd3 ]
Maximum Charge Weight per Delay
SD
Weight of Rock
PF
W

W = Charge weight per delay [ lb]
D = Distance [ft]
Wr
We
PF = Powder factor [t/lb]

Wr = Total weight of rock generated in blast [t]
We = Total weight of explosives used in blast [lb]
10
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Pre-Splitting Formulas
for Air-Decked Charges
Pre-Splitting Formulas
for De-Coupled Charges
Linear Charge Weight
Spacing of Air-Decked Charges
D
Wl
28
1 .5 2 .0 D
S = Spacing between air-decked holes [ft]

D = Diameter of blast-hole [in]
Wl = Linear charge weight for

pre-splitting explosive [lb/ft]
Spacing between Pre-Split Holes

Weight of Air-Decked Charges
0 .08 0 .12 S Lh
2.8

S = Spacing between pre-split holes [ft]

W = Weight of air-deck charge [lb]

S = Spacing between blast-holes [ft]
Lh = Length of blast-hole [ft]
Pressure Formula
Stemming Column Length
T 1 .0 1 .2 D
T = Stemming column length [ft]

P 0.000000233 VOD d E
P = Pressure [kbar]
VOD = Velocity of detonation of explosive [ft/sec]
d E = Density of explosive [g/cm 3 ]
11
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Relative Weight Strength (RWS)

Row-to-Row Delay Time Formula
RWS E
AWS E
91,000
Drtr 2 15 B
ms/ft
RWS E = Relative weight strength of the explosive

[ANFO = 100]
AWS E = Absolute weight strength of
the explosive [cal/g]
D rtr = Delay time between consecutive rows [ms]

B = Maximum burden in front of a row of holes [ft]
Effects of Various Row-to-Row Delays
Resistance Formulas
For Parallel Circuits

1
1
1
1
1
...
Rtotal R1 R2 R3
Rn
Effects
ms/ft
Violent excessive air-blast and back-break
High pile close to face, moderate air-blast and back-break
2-3
Average pile height, average air-blast and back-break
3-4
Scattered pile with minimum back-break
4-6
For Series Circuits

Rtotal R1 R2 R3 ... Rn
Stone Stemming Particle Size Formula
Rtotal = Total resistance of the electrical circuit [ ]

R1 ... R n = Resistance of individual blasting caps or
circuit branches [ ]
Ts
D
12 20
T s = Clean crushed stone stemming particle size [in]

D = Blast-hole diameter [in]
Bulk trucks preparing for another day on the job.

12
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Sub-Drilling Formula
Spacing Formulas
J 0.2 0.5 B
If:
B = Burden [ft]
J = Sub-drilling [ft]
H
4
B
If:
Instant
S 2.0 B
Delayed
S 1.4 B
H
<4
B
H (2 B )
3
H (7 B )
8
H = Face height [ft]

B = Burden [ft]
S = Blast-hole spacing [ft]
Top Stemming Length Formula

Industrys leading Detonating Cord
T 0 .7 1 .3 B
"Supersonic" Face Velocity Formula
D min
B = Burden [ft]
T = Top stemming length [ft]
1.127
D min = In order to avoid air-blast from "supersonic"

lateral face velocity, the delay between holes
must be more than Dmin [ms]
S = Spacing between blast holes [ft]
13
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Water Displacement Formula
Lw
Lc
Dc
D
h
Vibration Level Predictation Formulas

Peak Particle Velocity Prediction
1
PPV K SD
- 1.6
C = Number of explosives cartridges required

to rise above standing water
L w = Length of the standing water column [ft]
L c = Length of one explosives cartridge [ft]
D c = Diameter of explosives cartridges [in]
D h = Diameter of blast-hole [in]
PPV = Peak particle velocity [in/s]

K = Ground transmission constant [K=160 if
no other seismic data is available]
Site Specific Ground Transmission Constant

1.6
K PPV SD
K = Ground transmission constant

PPV = Peak particle velocity [in/s]
HEET Truck on display at an open house in 2001
Weight of Rock per Blast Hole Formula
W V dr
W = Weight of rock generated per blast-hole [t]

V = Bank volume of rock generated
per blast-hole [yd 3 ]
d r = Bank density of rock [t/yd 3 ]
Volume of Rock per Blast Hole Formula
B S H
27
V = Bank volume of rock per blast-hole [yd 3 ]

B = Burden [ft]
S = Spacing [ft]
H = Face height [ft]
14
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
UNIT CONVERSION, CALCULATION TABLES, AND DENSITY CHARTS
CONVERSIONS AND TABLES

Unit Conversions ............................................................................................
Loading Density Tables
-Pounds of Explosives Per Foot of Borehole ...............................................................
-Kilograms of Explosives Per Foot of Borehole .............................................................
Volume of Rock Tables
-Cubic Yards Per Foot of Borehole ..........................................................................
-Cubic Meters Per Meter of Borehole .......................................................................
Rock Density Table .........................................................................................
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
13
CONVERSION FACTORS
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

CURRENT UNIT
MULTIPLIED BY
NEW UNIT
DIVIDED BY
(FIG 1)
NEW UNIT
CURRENT UNIT
LENGTH
39.37
Meter [m]
Inch [in]
Meter [m]
3.281
Feet [ft]
Millimeter [mm]
0.001
Meter [m]
0.3937
Centimeter [cm]
25.40
Inch [in]
0.305
Foot [ft]
Mile (statute) [mi]
1609.0
Mile (statute) [mi]
5280.0
1.15
Mile (nautical) [mi]
Inch [in]
Millimeter [mm]
Meter [m]
Meter [m]
Foot [ft]
Mile (statute) [mi]
PRESSURE
Pound Per Square Inch [psi]
6.8948
Atmosphere [atm]
4.696
One ft of H2O (@15oC)
0.4335
Kilopascals [kPa]
MASS (WEIGHT)
Kilogram [kg]
2.2
Grain [gr]
0.0648
Grain [gr]
0.000143
28.35
Ounce [oz]
Pound [lb]
Gram [g]
Pound [lb]
Gram [g]
Pound [lb]
0.4536
Kilogram [kg]
Tonne (metric ton)
1.1023
Tons (short)
VOLUME
0.061
Cubic Centimeter [cm3]
Cubic Inch [in3]
16.39
Cubic Meter [m ]
1.31
Cubic Yards [yd3]
Cubic Feet [ft ]
0.028
Cubic Meter [m3]
U.S. Gallon
3.785
U.S. Gallon
0.1337
Cubic Inch [in ]

3
29.57
Ounce (U.S. fluid)
0.7646
Cubic Yards [yd3]
Liter [L]
Cubic Feet [ft3]
Cubic Meter [m3]
POWDER FACTOR / SPECIFIC CHARGE

Pounds Per Cubic Yard [lb/yd3]
Kilograms Per Cubic Meter [kg/m ]
3
0.593
Kilograms Per Cubic Meter [kg/m3]
1.686
Pounds Per Cubic Yard [lb/yd3]
VELOCITY
Meters Per Second [m/sec]
3.281
Feet Per Second [ft/sec]
0.3048
25.4
Inches Per Second [in/sec]

2.54
Millimeters Per Second [cm/sec]
0.03937
Feet Per Second [ft/sec]

Meters Per Second [m/sec]
Millimeters Per Second [cm/sec]
Centimeters Per Second [cm/sec]
AREA
0.155
Square Centimeter [cm2]
1550.0
Square Meter [m2]
6.45
Square Inch [in2]
0.0929
Square Feet [ft2]

Acre
Square Mile [mi2]
Square Inch [in2]

Square Inch [in2]
Square Centimeter [cm2]
Square Meter [m2]
43560.0
Square Feet [ft2]
640.0
Acre
16.0
Kilograms Per Cubic Meter [g/m3]
DENSITY
Pounds Per Cubic Feet [lbs/ft3]
Pounds Per Cubic Feet [lbs/ft ]
3
Grams Per Cubic Centimeter [g/cm3]
0.01602
62.43
Grams Per Cubic Centimeter [g/cm3]

Pounds Per Cubic Feet [lbs/ft3]
Pounds of Explosive Per Foot of Blasthole
(FIG 2)
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Product or Loading Density [g/cc]
Dia.
Hole
[in]
0.50
0.75
0.80
0.82
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40
1.45
1.50
1.54
Dia.
Hole
[mm]
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/4
1 3/8
0.01
0.13
0.17
0.27
0.32
0.14
0.20
0.26
0.40
0.48
0.15
0.21
0.27
0.43
0.52
0.16
0.21
0.28
0.44
0.53
0.16
0.22
0.29
0.45
0.55
0.17
0.23
0.31
0.48
0.58
0.18
0.25
0.32
0.51
0.61
0.19
0.26
0.34
0.53
0.64
0.20
0.27
0.36
0.56
0.68
0.21
0.29
0.37
0.59
0.71
0.22
0.30
0.39
0.61
0.74
0.23
0.31
0.41
0.64
0.77
0.24
0.33
0.43
0.67
0.80
0.25
0.34
0.44
0.69
0.84
0.26
0.35
0.46
0.72
0.87
0.27
0.37
0.48
0.74
0.90
0.28
0.38
0.49
0.77
0.93
0.29
0.39
0.51
0.80
0.97
0.30
0.40
0.52
0.82
0.99
19
22
25
32
35
1 1/2
1 5/8
1 3/4
1 7/8
2
0.38
0.45
0.52
0.60
0.68
0.57
0.67
0.78
0.90
1.02
0.61
0.72
0.83
0.96
1.09
0.63
0.74
0.86
0.98
1.12
0.65
0.76
0.89
1.02
1.16
0.69
0.81
0.94
1.08
1.23
0.73
0.85
0.99
1.14
1.29
0.77
0.90
1.04
1.20
1.36
0.80
0.94
1.01
1.26
1.43
0.84
0.99
1.15
1.32
1.50
0.88
1.03
1.20
1.38
1.57
0.92
1.08
1.25
1.44
1.63
0.96
1.12
1.30
1.50
1.70
1.00
1.17
1.36
1.56
1.77
1.03
1.21
1.41
1.62
1.84
1.07
1.26
1.46
1.68
1.91
1.11
1.30
1.51
1.74
1.98
1.15
1.35
1.56
1.80
2.04
1.18
1.38
1.61
1.84
2.01
38
41
45
48
50
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3
3 1/2
0.86
1.06
1.29
1.53
2.09
1.29
1.60
1.93
2.30
3.13
1.38
1.70
2.06
2.45
3.34
1.41
1.75
2.11
2.51
3.42
1.47
1.81
2.19
2.60
3.55
1.55
1.92
2.32
2.76
3.75
1.64
2.02
2.45
2.91
3.96
1.72
2.13
2.58
3.06
4.17
1.81
2.23
2.70
3.22
4.38
1.90
2.34
2.83
3.37
4.59
1.98
2.45
2.96
3.52
4.80
2.07
2.55
3.09
3.68
5.01
2.15
2.66
3.22
3.83
5.21
2.24
2.77
3.35
3.98
5.42
2.33
2.87
3.48
4.14
5.63
2.41
2.98
3.61
4.29
5.84
2.50
3.09
3.73
4.44
6.05
2.59
3.19
3.86
4.60
6.26
2.65
3.28
3.97
4.72
6.42
57
65
70
75
90
4
4 1/4
4 1/2
5
5 1/2
2.72
3.08
3.45
4.26
5.15
4.09
4.61
5.17
6.38
7.73
4.36
4.92
5.52
6.81
8.24
4.47
5.04
5.65
6.98
8.45
4.63
5.23
5.86
7.24
8.76
4.90
5.54
6.21
7.66
9.27
5.18
5.84
6.55
8.09
9.79
5.45
6.15
6.90
8.51
10.30
5.72
6.46
7.24
8.94
10.82
5.99
6.77
7.58
9.36
11.33
6.27
7.07
7.93
9.79
11.85
6.54
7.38
8.27
10.22
12.36
6.81
7.69
8.62
10.64
12.88
7.08
8.00
8.96
11.07
13.39
7.35
8.30
9.31
11.49
13.91
7.63
8.61
9.65
11.92
14.42
7.90
8.92
10.00
12.34
14.94
8.17
9.23
10.34
12.77
15.45
8.39
9.47
10.62
13.11
15.86
100
110
115
125
140
5 5/8
6
6 1/4
6 1/2
6 3/4
5.39
6.13
6.65
7.19
7.76
8.08
9.19
9.98
10.79
11.64
8.62
9.81
10.64
11.51
12.41
8.83
10.05
10.91
11.80
12.72
9.16
10.42
11.31
12.23
13.19
9.70
11.03
11.97
12.95
13.96
10.24
11.65
12.64
13.67
14.74
10.77
12.26
13.30
14.39
15.51
11.31
12.87
13.97
15.11
16.29
11.85
13.48
14.63
15.82
17.07
12.39
14.01
15.30
16.54
17.84
12.93
14.71
15.96
17.26
18.62
13.47
15.32
16.63
17.98
19.39
14.01
15.94
17.29
18.70
20.17
14.54
16.55
17.96
19.42
20.94
15.08
17.16
18.62
20.14
21.72
15.62
17.77
19.29
20.86
22.50
16.16
18.39
19.95
21.58
23.27
16.59
18.88
20.48
22.15
23.89
145
150
160
165
170
7 3/8
7 7/8
8
9
9 7/8
9.26
10.56
10.90
13.79
16.60
13.89
15.84
16.34
20.69
24.90
14.82
16.89
17.43
22.06
26.56
15.19
17.32
17.87
22.62
27.23
15.74
17.95
18.52
23.44
28.22
16.67
19.01
19.61
24.82
29.88
17.59
20.06
20.70
26.20
31.54
18.52
21.12
21.79
27.58
33.20
19.45
22.17
22.88
28.96
34.86
20.37
23.23
23.97
30.34
36.52
21.30
24.28
25.06
31.72
38.18
22.22
25.34
26.15
33.01
39.84
23.15
26.40
27.24
34.48
41.51
24.08
27.45
28.33
35.85
43.17
25.00
28.51
29.42
37.23
44.83
25.93
29.56
30.51
38.61
46.49
26.85
30.62
31.60
39.99
48.15
27.78
31.67
32.69
41.37
49.81
28.52
32.52
33.56
42.47
51.13
187
200
203
230
250
10 5/8
12 1/4
13 3/4
15
17 1/2
19.22
25.55
32.19
38.31
52.14
28.83
38.32
48.28
57.46
78.21
30.75
40.88
51.50
61.29
83.42
31.52
41.90
52.79
62.82
85.51
32.67
43.43
54.72
65.12
88.64
34.60
45.99
57.94
68.95
93.85
36.52
48.54
61.16
72.78
99.06
38.44
51.01
64.38
76.61
104.28
40.36
53.65
67.59
80.44
109.49
42.28
56.21
70.81
84.27
114.71
44.21
58.76
74.03
88.10
119.92
46.13
61.32
77.25
91.94
125.13
48.05
63.87
80.47
95.77
130.35
49.97
66.43
83.69
99.60
135.56
51.89
68.98
86.91
103.43
140.78
53.82
71.53
90.13
107.26
145.99
55.74
74.09
93.34
111.09
151.20
57.66
76.64
96.56
114.92
156.42
59.20
78.69
99.14
117.98
160.59
270
311
350
380
445
Pounds of Explosives Per Foot of Blasthole = 0.3405 x Loading Density [g/cc] x Explosive Diameter2
Kilograms of Explosive Per Meter of Blasthole
(FIG 3)
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
Product or Loading Density [g/cc]
Dia.
Hole
[in]
0.50
0.75
0.80
0.82
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40
1.45
1.50
Dia.
Hole
[mm]
3/4
7/8
1
1 1/4
1 3/8
0.14
0.19
0.25
0.40
0.48
0.21
0.29
0.38
0.59
0.72
0.23
0.31
0.40
0.63
0.77
0.23
0.32
0.42
0.65
0.78
0.24
0.33
0.43
0.67
0.81
0.26
0.35
0.46
0.71
0.86
0.27
0.37
0.48
0.75
0.91
0.28
0.39
0.51
0.79
0.96
0.30
0.41
0.53
0.83
1.01
0.31
0.43
0.56
0.87
1.05
0.33
0.45
0.58
0.91
1.10
0.34
0.46
0.61
0.95
1.15
0.36
0.48
0.63
0.99
1.20
0.37
0.50
0.66
1.03
1.24
0.38
0.52
0.68
1.07
1.29
0.40
0.54
0.71
1.11
1.34
0.41
0.56
0.73
1.15
1.39
0.43
0.58
0.76
1.19
1.44
19
22
25
32
35
1 1/2
1 5/8
1 3/4
1 7/8
2
0.57
0.67
0.77
0.89
1.01
0.85
1.00
1.16
1.33
1.52
0.91
1.07
1.24
1.42
1.62
0.93
1.01
1.27
1.46
1.66
0.97
1.14
1.32
1.51
1.72
1.02
1.20
1.39
1.60
1.82
1.08
1.27
1.47
1.69
1.92
1.14
1.34
1.55
1.78
2.02
1.20
1.40
1.63
1.87
2.13
1.25
1.47
1.70
1.96
2.23
1.31
1.54
1.78
2.05
2.33
1.37
1.60
1.86
2.13
2.43
1.42
1.67
1.94
2.22
2.53
1.48
1.74
2.01
2.31
2.63
1.54
1.80
2.09
2.40
2.73
1.59
1.87
2.17
2.49
2.83
1.65
1.94
2.25
2.58
2.93
1.71
2.00
2.32
2.67
3.04
38
41
45
48
50
2 1/4
2 1/2
2 3/4
3
3 1/2
1.28
1.58
1.91
2.28
3.01
1.92
2.37
2.87
3.42
4.65
2.05
2.53
3.06
3.64
4.96
2.10
2.59
3.14
3.73
5.08
2.18
2.69
3.25
3.87
5.27
2.31
2.85
3.44
4.01
5.58
2.43
3.00
3.64
4.33
5.89
2.56
3.16
3.83
4.55
6.20
2.69
3.32
4.02
4.78
6.51
2.82
3.48
4.21
5.00
6.82
2.95
3.64
4.40
5.24
7.13
3.07
3.80
4.59
5.46
7.44
3.20
3.95
4.78
5.69
7.75
3.33
4.11
4.97
5.92
8.06
3.46
4.27
5.17
6.15
8.37
3.59
4.43
5.36
6.38
8.68
3.71
4.59
5.55
6.60
8.99
3.84
4.74
5.74
6.83
9.30
57
65
70
75
90
4
4 1/4
4 1/2
5
5 1/2
4.05
4.57
5.12
6.33
7.65
6.07
6.85
7.68
9.49
11.48
6.48
7.31
8.20
10.12
12.25
6.64
7.49
8.40
10.37
12.55
6.88
7.77
8.71
10.75
13.01
7.29
8.23
9.22
11.39
13.78
7.69
8.68
9.73
12.02
14.54
8.01
9.14
10.25
12.65
15.31
8.50
9.60
10.76
13.28
16.07
8.91
10.05
11.27
13.92
16.84
9.31
10.51
11.78
14.55
17.60
9.72
10.97
12.30
15.18
18.37
10.12
11.42
12.81
15.81
19.13
10.52
11.88
13.32
16.45
19.90
10.93
12.34
13.83
17.08
20.66
11.33
12.80
14.35
17.71
21.43
11.74
13.25
14.86
18.34
22.19
12.14
13.71
15.37
18.98
22.96
100
110
115
125
140
5 5/8
6
6 1/4
6 1/2
6 3/4
8.01
9.11
9.88
10.69
11.53
12.01
13.66
14.82
16.03
17.29
12.81
14.57
15.81
17.10
18.44
13.13
14.94
16.21
17.53
18.90
13.61
15.48
16.80
18.17
19.60
14.41
16.39
17.79
19.24
20.75
15.21
17.31
18.78
20.31
21.90
16.01
18.22
19.77
21.38
23.05
16.81
19.13
20.75
22.45
24.21
17.61
20.04
21.74
23.52
25.36
18.41
20.95
22.73
24.59
26.51
19.21
21.86
23.72
25.65
27.67
20.01
22.77
24.71
26.72
28.82
20.81
23.68
25.70
27.79
29.97
21.61
24.59
26.68
28.86
31.12
22.41
25.50
27.67
29.93
32.28
23.21
26.41
28.66
31.00
33.43
24.02
27.32
29.65
32.07
34.58
145
150
160
165
170
7 3/8
7 7/8
8
9
9 7/8
13.76
15.69
16.19
20.49
24.67
20.64
23.54
24.29
30.74
37.01
22.02
25.10
25.91
32.79
39.47
22.57
25.73
26.55
33.61
40.46
23.39
26.67
27.53
34.84
41.94
24.77
28.24
29.15
36.89
44.41
26.15
29.81
30.76
38.94
46.88
27.52
31.38
32.38
40.99
49.34
28.90
32.95
34.00
43.04
51.81
30.27
34.52
35.62
45.08
54.28
31.65
36.09
37.24
47.13
56.74
33.03
37.66
38.86
49.18
59.21
34.40
39.22
40.48
51.23
61.68
35.78
40.79
42.01
53.28
64.15
37.15
42.36
43.72
55.33
66.61
38.53
43.93
45.34
57.38
69.08
39.91
45.50
46.96
59.43
71.55
41.28
47.07
48.58
61.48
74.01
187
200
203
230
250
10 5/8
12 1/4
13 3/4
15
17 1/2
28.56
37.97
47.83
56.93
77.48
42.84
56.95
71.75
85.39
116.22
45.70
60.75
76.53
91.08
123.97
46.84
62.26
78.45
93.36
127.07
48.55
64.54
81.32
96.77
131.72
51.41
68.34
86.01
102.47
139.47
54.27
72.14
90.88
108.16
147.21
57.12
75.93
95.67
113.85
154.96
59.98
79.73
100.45
119.54
162.71
62.84
83.52
105.23
125.24
170.46
65.69
87.32
110.02
130.93
178.21
68.55
91.12
114.80
136.62
185.96
71.40
94.91
119.58
142.31
193.70
74.26
98.71
124.37
148.01
201.45
77.12
102.51
129.15
153.70
209.20
79.97
106.30
133.93
159.39
216.95
82.83
110.10
138.72
165.08
224.70
85.68
113.90
143.50
170.78
232.44
270
311
350
380
445
kilograms of Explosives Per Meter of Blasthole = 0.506 x Loading Density [g/cc] x Explosive Diameter2
Cubic Yards per Foot of Borehole
(FIG 4)
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
0.59
0.74
0.89
1.04
1.19
1.33
1.48
1.63
1.78
1.93
2.07
2.22
2.37
2.52
2.67
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
0.74
0.93
1.11
1.30
1.48
1.67
1.85
2.04
2.22
2.41
2.59
2.78
2.96
3.15
3.33
3.52
3.70
0.89
1.11
1.33
1.56
1.78
2.00
2.22
2.44
2.67
2.89
3.11
3.33
3.56
3.78
4.00
4.22
4.44
4.67
4.89
1.04
1.30
1.56
1.81
2.07
2.33
2.59
2.85
3.11
3.37
3.63
3.89
4.15
4.41
4.67
4.93
5.19
5.44
5.70
5.96
1.19
1.48
1.78
2.07
2.37
2.67
2.96
3.26
3.56
3.85
4.15
4.44
4.74
5.04
5.33
5.63
5.93
6.22
6.52
6.81
7.11
7.41
7.70
1.33
1.67
2.00
2.33
2.67
3.00
3.33
3.67
4.00
4.33
4.67
5.00
5.33
5.67
6.00
6.33
6.67
7.00
7.33
7.67
8.00
8.33
8.67
10
1.48
1.85
2.22
2.59
2.96
3.33
3.70
4.07
4.44
4.81
5.19
5.56
5.93
6.30
6.67
7.04
7.41
7.78
8.15
8.52
8.89
9.26
9.63 10.00 10.37 10.74 11.11
9.37
9.78 10.19 10.59 11.00 11.41 11.81 12.22 12.63 13.04
33
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Burden [ft]
6.22
9.00
9.33
11
1.63
2.04
2.44
2.85
3.26
3.67
4.07
4.48
4.89
5.30
5.70
6.11
6.52
6.93
7.33
7.74
8.15
8.56
8.96
12
1.78
2.22
2.67
3.11
3.56
4.00
4.44
4.89
5.33
5.78
6.22
6.67
7.11
7.56
8.00
8.44
8.89
9.33
9.78 10.22 10.67 11.11 11.56 12.00 12.44 12.89 13.33 13.78 14.22 14.67 15.11
13
1.93
2.41
2.89
3.37
3.85
4.33
4.81
5.30
5.78
6.26
6.74
7.22
7.70
8.19
8.67
9.15
9.63 10.11 10.59 11.07 11.56 12.04 12.52 13.00 13.48 13.96 14.44 14.93 15.41 15.89 16.37 16.85 17.33
14
2.07
2.59
3.11
3.63
4.15
4.67
5.19
5.70
6.22
6.74
7.26
7.78
8.30
8.81
9.33
9.85 10.37 10.89 11.41 11.93 12.44 12.96 13.48 14.00 14.52 15.04 15.56 16.07 16.59 17.11 17.63 18.15 18.67 19.19 19.70
15
2.22
2.78
3.33
3.89
4.44
5.00
5.56
6.11
6.67
7.22
7.78
8.33
8.89
9.44 10.00 10.56 11.11 11.67 12.22 12.78 13.33 13.89 14.44 15.00 15.56 16.11 16.67 17.22 17.78 18.33 18.89 19.44 20.00 20.56 21.11 21.67 22.22
16
2.37
2.96
3.56
4.15
4.74
5.33
5.93
6.52
7.11
7.70
8.30
8.89
9.48 10.07 10.67 11.26 11.85 12.44 13.04 13.63 14.22 14.81 15.41 16.00 16.59 17.19 17.78 18.37 18.96 19.56 20.15 20.74 21.33 21.93 22.52 23.11 23.70
17
3.15
3.78
4.41
5.04
5.67
6.30
6.93
7.56
8.19
8.81
9.44 10.07 10.70 11.33 11.96 12.59 13.22 13.85 14.48 15.11 15.74 16.37 17.00 17.63 18.26 18.89 19.52 20.15 20.78 21.41 22.04 22.67 23.30 23.93 24.56 25.19
18
3.33
4.00
4.67
5.33
6.00
6.67
7.33
8.00
8.67
9.33 10.00 10.67 11.33 12.00 12.67 13.33 14.00 14.67 15.33 16.00 16.67 17.33 18.00 18.67 19.33 20.00 20.67 21.33 22.00 22.67 23.33 24.00 24.67 25.33 26.00 26.67
19
4.22
4.93
5.63
6.33
7.04
7.74
8.44
9.15
9.85 10.56 11.26 11.96 12.67 13.37 14.07 14.78 15.48 16.19 16.89 17.59 18.30 19.00 19.70 20.41 21.11 21.81 22.52 23.22 23.93 24.63 25.33 26.04 26.74 27.44 28.15
20
4.44
5.19
5.93
6.67
7.41
8.15
8.89
9.63 10.37 11.11 11.85 12.59 13.33 14.07 14.81 15.56 16.30 17.04 17.78 18.52 19.26 20.00 20.74 21.48 22.22 22.96 23.70 24.44 25.19 25.93 26.67 27.41 28.15 28.89 29.63
21
5.44
6.22
7.00
7.78
8.56
9.33 10.11 10.89 11.67 12.44 13.22 14.00 14.78 15.56 16.33 17.11 17.89 18.67 19.44 20.22 21.00 21.78 22.56 23.33 24.11 24.89 25.67 26.44 27.22 28.00 28.78 29.56 30.33 31.11
22
5.70
6.52
7.33
8.15
8.96
9.78 10.59 11.41 12.22 13.04 13.85 14.67 15.48 16.30 17.11 17.93 18.74 19.56 20.37 21.19 22.00 22.81 23.63 24.44 25.26 26.07 26.89 27.70 28.52 29.33 30.15 30.96 31.78 32.59
23
6.81
7.67
8.52
9.37 10.22 11.07 11.93 12.78 13.63 14.48 15.33 16.19 17.04 17.89 18.74 19.59 20.44 21.30 22.15 23.00 23.85 24.70 25.56 26.41 27.26 28.11 28.96 29.81 30.67 31.52 32.37 33.22 34.07
24
7.11
9.78 10.67 11.56 12.44 13.33 14.22 15.11 16.00 16.89 17.78 18.67 19.56 20.44 21.33 22.22 23.11 24.00 24.89 25.78 26.67 27.56 28.44 29.33 30.22 31.11 32.00 32.89 33.78 34.67 35.56
8.00
8.89
25
8.33
9.26 10.19 11.11 12.04 12.96 13.89 14.81 15.74 16.67 17.59 18.52 19.44 20.37 21.30 22.22 23.15 24.07 25.00 25.93 26.85 27.78 28.70 29.63 30.56 31.48 32.41 33.33 34.26 35.19 36.11 37.04
26
8.67
9.63 10.59 11.56 12.52 13.48 14.44 15.41 16.37 17.33 18.30 19.26 20.22 21.19 22.15 23.11 24.07 25.04 26.00 26.96 27.93 28.89 29.85 30.81 31.78 32.74 33.70 34.67 35.63 36.59 37.56 38.52
27
10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 31.00 32.00 33.00 34.00 35.00 36.00 37.00 38.00 39.00 40.00
28
10.37 11.41 12.44 13.48 14.52 15.56 16.59 17.63 18.67 19.70 20.74 21.78 22.81 23.85 24.89 25.93 26.96 28.00 29.04 30.07 31.11 32.15 33.19 34.22 35.26 36.30 37.33 38.37 39.41 40.44 41.48
29
11.81 12.89 13.96 15.04 16.11 17.19 18.26 19.33 20.41 21.48 22.56 23.63 24.70 25.78 26.85 27.93 29.00 30.07 31.15 32.22 33.30 34.37 35.44 36.52 37.59 38.67 39.74 40.81 41.89 42.96
30
12.22 13.33 14.44 15.56 16.67 17.78 18.89 20.00 21.11 22.22 23.33 24.44 25.56 26.67 27.78 28.89 30.00 31.11 32.22 33.33 34.44 35.56 36.67 37.78 38.89 40.00 41.11 42.22 43.33 44.44
31
13.78 14.93 16.07 17.22 18.37 19.52 20.67 21.81 22.96 24.11 25.26 26.41 27.56 28.70 29.85 31.00 32.15 33.30 34.44 35.59 36.74 37.89 39.04 40.19 41.33 42.48 43.63 44.78 45.93
32
14.22 15.41 16.59 17.78 18.96 20.15 21.33 22.52 23.70 24.89 26.07 27.26 28.44 29.63 30.81 32.00 33.19 34.37 35.56 36.74 37.93 39.11 40.30 41.48 42.67 43.85 45.04 46.22 47.41
33
15.89 17.11 18.33 19.56 20.78 22.00 23.22 24.44 25.67 26.89 28.11 29.33 30.56 31.78 33.00 34.22 35.44 36.67 37.89 39.11 40.33 41.56 42.78 44.00 45.22 46.44 47.67 48.89
34
16.37 17.63 18.89 20.15 21.41 22.67 23.93 25.19 26.44 27.70 28.96 30.22 31.48 32.74 34.00 35.26 36.52 37.78 39.04 40.30 41.56 42.81 44.07 45.33 46.59 47.85 49.11 50.37
35
18.15 19.44 20.74 22.04 23.33 24.63 25.93 27.22 28.52 29.81 31.11 32.41 33.70 35.00 36.30 37.59 38.89 40.19 41.48 42.78 44.07 45.37 46.67 47.96 49.26 50.56 51.85
36
18.67 20.00 21.33 22.67 24.00 25.33 26.67 28.00 29.33 30.67 32.00 33.33 34.67 36.00 37.33 38.67 40.00 41.33 42.67 44.00 45.33 46.67 48.00 49.33 50.67 52.00 53.33
37
20.56 21.93 23.30 24.67 26.04 27.41 28.78 30.15 31.52 32.89 34.26 35.63 37.00 38.37 39.74 41.11 42.48 43.85 45.22 46.59 47.96 49.33 50.70 52.07 53.44 54.81
38
21.11 22.52 23.93 25.33 26.74 28.15 29.56 30.96 32.37 33.78 35.19 36.59 38.00 39.41 40.81 42.22 43.63 45.04 46.44 47.85 49.26 50.67 52.07 53.48 54.89 56.30
23.11 24.56 26.00 27.44 28.89 30.33 31.78 33.22 34.67 36.11 37.56 39.00 40.44 41.89 43.33 44.78 46.22 47.67 49.11 50.56 52.00 53.44 54.89 56.33 57.78
40
23.70 25.19 26.67 28.15 29.63 31.11 32.59 34.07 35.56 37.04 38.52 40.00 41.48 42.96 44.44 45.93 47.41 48.89 50.37 51.85 53.33 54.81 56.30 57.78 59.26
41
25.81 27.33 28.85 30.37 31.89 33.41 34.93 36.44 37.96 39.48 41.00 42.52 44.04 45.56 47.07 48.59 50.11 51.63 53.15 54.67 56.19 57.70 59.22 60.74
42
26.44 28.00 29.56 31.11 32.67 34.22 35.78 37.33 38.89 40.44 42.00 43.56 45.11 46.67 48.22 49.78 51.33 52.89 54.44 56.00 57.56 59.11 60.67 62.22
43
28.67 30.26 31.85 33.44 35.04 36.63 38.22 39.81 41.41 43.00 44.59 46.19 47.78 49.37 50.96 52.56 54.15 55.74 57.33 58.93 60.52 62.11 63.70
44
29.33 30.96 32.59 34.22 35.85 37.48 39.11 40.74 42.37 44.00 45.63 47.26 48.89 50.52 52.15 53.78 55.41 57.04 58.67 60.30 61.93 63.56 65.19
45
31.67 33.33 35.00 36.67 38.33 40.00 41.67 43.33 45.00 46.67 48.33 50.00 51.67 53.33 55.00 56.67 58.33 60.00 61.67 63.33 65.00 66.67
46
32.37 34.07 35.78 37.48 39.19 40.89 42.59 44.30 46.00 47.70 49.41 51.11 52.81 54.52 56.22 57.93 59.63 61.33 63.04 64.74 66.44 68.15
47
48
49
50
Spacing [ft]
39
34.81 36.56 38.30 40.04 41.78 43.52 45.26 47.00 48.74 50.48 52.22 53.96 55.70 57.44 59.19 60.93 62.67 64.41 66.15 67.89 69.63
35.56 37.33 39.11 40.89 42.67 44.44 46.22 48.00 49.78 51.56 53.33 55.11 56.89 58.67 60.44 62.22 64.00 65.78 67.56 69.33 71.11
38.11 39.93 41.74 43.56 45.37 47.19 49.00 50.81 52.63 54.44 56.26 58.07 59.89 61.70 63.52 65.33 67.15 68.96 70.78 72.59
40.74 42.59 44.44 46.30 48.15 50.00 51.85 53.70 55.56 57.41 59.26 61.11 62.96 64.81 66.67 68.52 70.37 72.22 74.07
Cubic Meters per Meter of Borehole
(FIG 5)
4.75
5.00
5.25
5.50
5.75
6.00
6.25
6.50
6.75
7.00
5.63
5.94
6.25
6.38
6.75
7.13
7.50
7.88
8.25
7.44
7.88
8.31
8.75
9.19
9.63 10.06 10.50
8.00
8.50
9.00
9.50 10.00 10.50 11.00 11.50 12.00 12.50 13.00
9.00
9.56 10.13 10.69 11.25 11.81 12.38 12.94 13.50 14.06 14.63 15.19 15.75
7.25
7.50
7.75
8.00
8.25
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
8.50
8.75
9.00
9.25
9.50
9.75
10.00
1.00
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
1.25
1.25
1.56
1.88
2.19
2.50
2.81
3.13
3.44
3.75
4.06
4.38
4.69
5.00
5.31
1.50
1.50
1.88
2.25
2.63
3.00
3.38
3.75
4.13
4.50
4.88
5.25
5.63
6.00
1.75
1.75
2.19
2.63
3.06
3.50
3.94
4.38
4.81
5.25
5.69
6.13
6.56
7.00
2.00
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
2.25
2.25
2.81
3.38
3.94
4.50
5.06
5.63
6.19
6.75
7.31
7.88
8.44
2.50
2.50
3.13
3.75
4.38
5.00
5.63
6.25
6.88
7.50
8.13
8.75
9.38 10.00 10.63 11.25 11.88 12.50 13.13 13.75 14.38 15.00 15.63 16.25 16.88 17.50 18.13 18.75
2.75
2.75
3.44
4.13
4.81
5.50
6.19
6.88
7.56
8.25
8.94
9.63 10.31 11.00 11.69 12.38 13.06 13.75 14.44 15.13 15.81 16.50 17.19 17.88 18.56 19.25 19.94 20.63 21.31 22.00
3.00
3.00
3.75
4.50
5.25
6.00
6.75
7.50
8.25
9.00
9.75 10.50 11.25 12.00 12.75 13.50 14.25 15.00 15.75 16.50 17.25 18.00 18.75 19.50 20.25 21.00 21.75 22.50 23.25 24.00 24.75 25.50
3.25
3.25
4.06
4.88
5.69
6.50
7.31
8.13
8.94
9.75 10.56 11.38 12.19 13.00 13.81 14.63 15.44 16.25 17.06 17.88 18.69 19.50 20.31 21.13 21.94 22.75 23.56 24.38 25.19 26.00 26.81 27.63 28.44 29.25
3.50
3.50
4.38
5.25
6.13
7.00
7.88
8.75
9.63 10.50 11.38 12.25 13.13 14.00 14.88 15.75 16.63 17.50 18.38 19.25 20.13 21.00 21.88 22.75 23.63 24.50 25.38 26.25 27.13 28.00 28.88 29.75 30.63 31.50 32.38 33.25
3.75
3.75
4.69
5.63
6.56
7.50
8.44
9.38 10.31 11.25 12.19 13.13 14.06 15.00 15.94 16.88 17.81 18.75 19.69 20.63 21.56 22.50 23.44 24.38 25.31 26.25 27.19 28.13 29.06 30.00 30.94 31.88 32.81 33.75 34.69 35.63 36.56 37.50
4.00
4.00
Burden [m]
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 31.00 32.00 33.00 34.00 35.00 36.00 37.00 38.00 39.00 40.00
4.25
5.31
6.38
7.44
8.50
9.56 10.63 11.69 12.75 13.81 14.88 15.94 17.00 18.06 19.13 20.19 21.25 22.31 23.38 24.44 25.50 26.56 27.63 28.69 29.75 30.81 31.88 32.94 34.00 35.06 36.13 37.19 38.25 39.31 40.38 41.44 42.50
4.50
5.63
6.75
7.88
9.00 10.13 11.25 12.38 13.50 14.63 15.75 16.88 18.00 19.13 20.25 21.38 22.50 23.63 24.75 25.88 27.00 28.13 29.25 30.38 31.50 32.63 33.75 34.88 36.00 37.13 38.25 39.38 40.50 41.63 42.75 43.88 45.00
4.75
7.13
8.31
9.50 10.69 11.88 13.06 14.25 15.44 16.63 17.81 19.00 20.19 21.38 22.56 23.75 24.94 26.13 27.31 28.50 29.69 30.88 32.06 33.25 34.44 35.63 36.81 38.00 39.19 40.38 41.56 42.75 43.94 45.13 46.31 47.50
5.00
7.50
8.75 10.00 11.25 12.50 13.75 15.00 16.25 17.50 18.75 20.00 21.25 22.50 23.75 25.00 26.25 27.50 28.75 30.00 31.25 32.50 33.75 35.00 36.25 37.50 38.75 40.00 41.25 42.50 43.75 45.00 46.25 47.50 48.75 50.00
9.19 10.50 11.81 13.13 14.44 15.75 17.06 18.38 19.69 21.00 22.31 23.63 24.94 26.25 27.56 28.88 30.19 31.50 32.81 34.13 35.44 36.75 38.06 39.38 40.69 42.00 43.31 44.63 45.94 47.25 48.56 49.88 51.19 52.50
5.50
9.63 11.00 12.38 13.75 15.13 16.50 17.88 19.25 20.63 22.00 23.38 24.75 26.13 27.50 28.88 30.25 31.63 33.00 34.38 35.75 37.13 38.50 39.88 41.25 42.63 44.00 45.38 46.75 48.13 49.50 50.88 52.25 53.63 55.00
5.75
11.50 12.94 14.38 15.81 17.25 18.69 20.13 21.56 23.00 24.44 25.88 27.31 28.75 30.19 31.63 33.06 34.50 35.94 37.38 38.81 40.25 41.69 43.13 44.56 46.00 47.44 48.88 50.31 51.75 53.19 54.63 56.06 57.50
6.00
12.00 13.50 15.00 16.50 18.00 19.50 21.00 22.50 24.00 25.50 27.00 28.50 30.00 31.50 33.00 34.50 36.00 37.50 39.00 40.50 42.00 43.50 45.00 46.50 48.00 49.50 51.00 52.50 54.00 55.50 57.00 58.50 60.00
6.25
14.06 15.63 17.19 18.75 20.31 21.88 23.44 25.00 26.56 28.13 29.69 31.25 32.81 34.38 35.94 37.50 39.06 40.63 42.19 43.75 45.31 46.88 48.44 50.00 51.56 53.13 54.69 56.25 57.81 59.38 60.94 62.50
6.50
14.63 16.25 17.88 19.50 21.13 22.75 24.38 26.00 27.63 29.25 30.88 32.50 34.13 35.75 37.38 39.00 40.63 42.25 43.88 45.50 47.13 48.75 50.38 52.00 53.63 55.25 56.88 58.50 60.13 61.75 63.38 65.00
6.75
16.88 18.56 20.25 21.94 23.63 25.31 27.00 28.69 30.38 32.06 33.75 35.44 37.13 38.81 40.50 42.19 43.88 45.56 47.25 48.94 50.63 52.31 54.00 55.69 57.38 59.06 60.75 62.44 64.13 65.81 67.50
7.00
17.50 19.25 21.00 22.75 24.50 26.25 28.00 29.75 31.50 33.25 35.00 36.75 38.50 40.25 42.00 43.75 45.50 47.25 49.00 50.75 52.50 54.25 56.00 57.75 59.50 61.25 63.00 64.75 66.50 68.25 70.00
7.25
19.94 21.75 23.56 25.38 27.19 29.00 30.81 32.63 34.44 36.25 38.06 39.88 41.69 43.50 45.31 47.13 48.94 50.75 52.56 54.38 56.19 58.00 59.81 61.63 63.44 65.25 67.06 68.88 70.69 72.50
7.50
20.63 22.50 24.38 26.25 28.13 30.00 31.88 33.75 35.63 37.50 39.38 41.25 43.13 45.00 46.88 48.75 50.63 52.50 54.38 56.25 58.13 60.00 61.88 63.75 65.63 67.50 69.38 71.25 73.13 75.00
7.75
23.25 25.19 27.13 29.06 31.00 32.94 34.88 36.81 38.75 40.69 42.63 44.56 46.50 48.44 50.38 52.31 54.25 56.19 58.13 60.06 62.00 63.94 65.88 67.81 69.75 71.69 73.63 75.56 77.50
8.00
24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 40.00 42.00 44.00 46.00 48.00 50.00 52.00 54.00 56.00 58.00 60.00 62.00 64.00 66.00 68.00 70.00 72.00 74.00 76.00 78.00 80.00
8.25
26.81 28.88 30.94 33.00 35.06 37.13 39.19 41.25 43.31 45.38 47.44 49.50 51.56 53.63 55.69 57.75 59.81 61.88 63.94 66.00 68.06 70.13 72.19 74.25 76.31 78.38 80.44 82.50
8.50
27.63 29.75 31.88 34.00 36.13 38.25 40.38 42.50 44.63 46.75 48.88 51.00 53.13 55.25 57.38 59.50 61.63 63.75 65.88 68.00 70.13 72.25 74.38 76.50 78.63 80.75 82.88 85.00
8.75
30.63 32.81 35.00 37.19 39.38 41.56 43.75 45.94 48.13 50.31 52.50 54.69 56.88 59.06 61.25 63.44 65.63 67.81 70.00 72.19 74.38 76.56 78.75 80.94 83.13 85.31 87.50
9.00
31.50 33.75 36.00 38.25 40.50 42.75 45.00 47.25 49.50 51.75 54.00 56.25 58.50 60.75 63.00 65.25 67.50 69.75 72.00 74.25 76.50 78.75 81.00 83.25 85.50 87.75 90.00
9.25
34.69 37.00 39.31 41.63 43.94 46.25 48.56 50.88 53.19 55.50 57.81 60.13 62.44 64.75 67.06 69.38 71.69 74.00 76.31 78.63 80.94 83.25 85.56 87.88 90.19 92.50
9.50
35.63 38.00 40.38 42.75 45.13 47.50 49.88 52.25 54.63 57.00 59.38 61.75 64.13 66.50 68.88 71.25 73.63 76.00 78.38 80.75 83.13 85.50 87.88 90.25 92.63 95.00
9.75
39.00 41.44 43.88 46.31 48.75 51.19 53.63 56.06 58.50 60.94 63.38 65.81 68.25 70.69 73.13 75.56 78.00 80.44 82.88 85.31 87.75 90.19 92.63 95.06 97.50
10.00
40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 77.50 80.00 82.50 85.00 87.50 90.00 92.50 95.00 97.50 100.00
10.25
43.56 46.13 48.69 51.25 53.81 56.38 58.94 61.50 64.06 66.63 69.19 71.75 74.31 76.88 79.44 82.00 84.56 87.13 89.69 92.25 94.81 97.38 99.94 102.50
10.50
44.63 47.25 49.88 52.50 55.13 57.75 60.38 63.00 65.63 68.25 70.88 73.50 76.13 78.75 81.38 84.00 86.63 89.25 91.88 94.50 97.13 99.75 102.38 105.00
10.75
48.38 51.06 53.75 56.44 59.13 61.81 64.50 67.19 69.88 72.56 75.25 77.94 80.63 83.31 86.00 88.69 91.38 94.06 96.75 99.44 102.13 104.81 107.50
11.00
49.50 52.25 55.00 57.75 60.50 63.25 66.00 68.75 71.50 74.25 77.00 79.75 82.50 85.25 88.00 90.75 93.50 96.25 99.00 101.75 104.50 107.25 110.00
11.25
53.44 56.25 59.06 61.88 64.69 67.50 70.31 73.13 75.94 78.75 81.56 84.38 87.19 90.00 92.81 95.63 98.44 101.25 104.06 106.88 109.69 112.50
11.50
11.75
12.00
12.25
12.50
Spacing [m]
5.25
54.63 57.50 60.38 63.25 66.13 69.00 71.88 74.75 77.63 80.50 83.38 86.25 89.13 92.00 94.88 97.75 100.63 103.50 106.38 109.25 112.13 115.00
58.75 61.69 64.63 67.56 70.50 73.44 76.38 79.31 82.25 85.19 88.13 91.06 94.00 96.94 99.88 102.81 105.75 108.69 111.63 114.56 117.50
60.00 63.00 66.00 69.00 72.00 75.00 78.00 81.00 84.00 87.00 90.00 93.00 96.00 99.00 102.00 105.00 108.00 111.00 114.00 117.00 120.00
64.31 67.38 70.44 73.50 76.56 79.63 82.69 85.75 88.81 91.88 94.94 98.00 101.06 104.13 107.19 110.25 113.31 116.38 119.44 122.50
65.63 68.75 71.88 75.00 78.13 81.25 84.38 87.50 90.63 93.75 96.88 100.00 103.13 106.25 109.38 112.50 115.63 118.75 121.88 125.00
2.0
ROCK TYPE
0.0
Coal-Bituminous
Coal-Anthracite
Soil
Concrete
Chert
Marlstone
Oil Shale
Quartzite
Sandstone
Clay
Marble
Perlite
Rhyolite
Salt Rock
Phyllite
Silica Sand
Gypsum
Siltstone
Claiche
Graywacke
Limestone
Schist
Shale
Argillite
Asphalt
Feldspar
Mica-Schist
Pyroxenite
Slate
Andesite
Conglomerate
Diabase
Gneiss
Granite
Kaolinite
Pegmatite
Talc
Trap Rock
Aplite
Granodiorite
Kyanite
Quartz
Syenite
Anorthosite
Basalt
Charnokite
Diorite
Dolomite
Amphibolite
Gabbro
Greenstone
Hornfels
Olivine
Magnetite
Barite
Hematite
1.2
4.0
grams per cubic centimeter [ g/cm ]
DENSITY
1.5
1.3
1.8
1.5
1.6
3.2
3.6
2.0
2.5
2.0
(FIG 6)
2.2
2.0
2.8
2.0
ROCK DENSITIES
2.8
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.9
2.1
2.2
2.1
2.6
2.1
2.6
2.2
3.2
2.2
2.8
2.3
3.3
2.3
2.8
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.5
UNIT COVERSIONS
2.4
If you need to convert to

other units of density, then
mutiply a density value
listed to the left with one
the below contants.
2.9
2.4
2.4
2.8
2.5
2.8
2.5
2.6
2.5
g/cm
2.8
2.5
2.9
2.5
3.5
2.5
1685.6 = lb/yd
g/cm
62.428 = lb/ft
g/cm
.84278 = t/yd
2.8
2.6
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.9
2.6
2.9
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.7
3.3
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.8
All rock densities vary

because individual rock
types vary slightly in
composition. Testing rock
samples or place-specific
geologic studies provide the
only accurate measurements
of rock densities.
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.1
3.3
3.2
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.6
5.3
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
Product Information
Bulletins
2003 PIB Catalog
PIB Catalog Index

AUSTIN POWDER
A TRADITION OF SAFETY, STRENGTH AND SERVICE.
PIB Title
3-DStar
3-DStar SSD
Austinite & HEET Bulk Products
Austinite Packaged Products
Cast Boosters
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonators
Coal Mine Delay Detonators
DES Charge
DES SC
Detonating Cord
Dynamite Series
Emulex 500 Series
Emulex 900 Series
Enviroprime
Enviroseis
HEET / Hydromite Blends
Hornet Booster
Hydromite 600 Series
Hydromite 2200
Hydromite Bulk Products
Overbreak Control Products
Permissible Products
Red-D Prime
RockStar Detonators
Seis-Gel
Seismic Detonating Cord
Seismic MH
SeismicStar ESP
ShockStar Dual-Delays
ShockStar LP Detonators
ShockStar MS Detonators
ShockStar Signal Transmission Lines
ShockStar Surface Connectors
TimeStar Detonators
Watergel Products
Catalog Page Number

1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
11-12
13-14
15-16
17-18
19-20
21-22
23-24
25-26
27-28
29-30
31-32
33-34
35-36
37-38
39-40
41-42
43-44
45-46
47-48
49-50
51-52
53-54
55-56
57-58
59-60
61-62
63-64
65-66
67-68
69-70
3-DStar
AUSTIN POWDER
Elec tric Seis mic Detonator for the

Geophys ic al Indus try
DESCRIPTION
The 3-DStar detonator is specifically designed for the harsh conditions
encountered in the modern 3-D patterns being used in the industry today. The
copper shell ensures protection from the environment of salt and brackish waters
for extended periods of time. 3-DStar electric detonators will initiate all
detonator sensitive seismic explosives.
BENEFITS
750 mg PETN base charge far exceeds the

standard #8 strength detonator.
Industries only copper shell seismic detonator.

Designed for salt / brackish water use.
Consistent break time when firing with 3-10

amperes DC current.
No fire current of 0.45 amperes for extra

protection from electrostatic discharge.
100% rubber sealing plug for extended sleep

time.
Resistant to temperature extremes from -40 C

to 60 C.
0.8 mm high abrasion resistant, red PE

insulated wire.
Protected primary explosive charge.
3-DStar
Properties & Packaging
Length
[m]
3
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
30
35
Ohms Resistance
[ ]
1.14
1.42
1.63
1.84
2.05
2.27
2.48
2.69
3.00
3.40
Case
Count
200
160
120
80
80
80
64
40
40
40
Case Weight
[kg]
11
17
11
15
18
21
13
16
19
20
Electrical Data
No Fire Current
0.45 amps
All Fire Current
2.00 amps
Series Ignition Current
6.00 amps
No Fire Impulse
8 mJ/ohms
All Fire Impulse
16 mJ/ohms
Electrostatic Sensitivity
Double Wire to Shell
20 kV/500 pF/100 mJ
Pin to Pin
10kV/500 pF/25mJ
STORAGE
Store in accordance with all applicable local,
state, provincial and federal laws.
For more information and service locations in

your area, please contact Austin Powder
Companys headquarters:
Austin Powder Company
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
Web: www.austinpowder.com
SHELF LIFE
For optimum accuracy, use within five years
from date of manufacture under good storage
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Detonators, Electric
Class & Division: 1.4B
ID Number: UN 0255
DOT REFERENCE NUMBER
EX-9303277
Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitations of Liabilities

Products described in this bulletin are sold by Austin Powder Company without warranty; express, implied or
statutory or as to MERCHANTABILITY, except as expressly stated in Austin Powders straight bill of lading. Under
no circumstances shall seller be liable for loss of anticipated profits, consequential damages or incidental
damages.
3-D Star.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
3-DStar SSD
AUSTIN POWDER

DESCRIPTION
The 3-DStar SSD detonator is specifically designed for use with detonating
cord. The detonator is enclosed in a plastic block for ease of attachment to the
downline of detonating cord. The detonator is attached immediately prior to the
planned detonation.
BENEFITS

Plastic block for ease of assembly to detonating

cord.
Will accommodate detonating cord from 1 gm/m

to 50 gm/m.

High visibility red, polyethylene insulation for

added protection from extraneous currents.

to 60 C.
#20 gauge high abrasion resistant, red PE

insulated wire.
3-DStar SSD
Length
[m]
1.8
Ohms Resistance
[ ]
1.00
Case
Count
160
Case Weight
[kg]
10
Electrical Data
No Fire Current
0.45 amps
All Fire Current
2.00 amps
6.00 amps
No Fire Impulse
8 mJ/ohms
All Fire Impulse
16 mJ/ohms
20 kV/500 pF/100 mJ
Pin to Pin
10kV/500 pF/25mJ
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-9303277

damages.
3-D Star SSD.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Austinite & HEET

Bulk Products
AUSTIN POWDER
Boos ter Sens itive Augered ANFO and

Emuls ion / ANFO Blends .
DESCRIPTION
Bulk Austinite 15 (ANFO blasting agent) and bulk HEET (blends of emulsion and Austinite 15) are
augered products for dry or dewatered blastholes that provide a wide range of energy and water
resistance to meet many application requirements.
BENEFITS
Good fragmentation and excellent heave
provide easy digging muckpiles.
Energy and water resistance can be
adjusted to meet the application
demands.
Bulk HEET loading convenience and the
potential for expanded patterns can
reduce costs.
PROPERTIES
Density
VOD*
[g/cc]
[ft/s]
Austinite 15
0.82
13,000
Hydromite 1100 Blends:
HEET 130
1.20
13,500
HEET 150
1.30
15,500
Hydrox 503 Blends:
HEET 30
1.22
12,400
HEET 50
1.30
13,700
* 6 confined.
** When loaded in dry or dewatered holes.
Product
[m/s]
3,960
Water
Resistance
Poor
Minimum Hole Diameter

[in]
[mm]
2
50
4,115
4,725
Good**
Excellent**
4
5
100
125
3,780
4,175
Good**
Excellent**
4
5
100
125
PRIMING
These products are booster sensitive explosives and must be in direct contact with an appropriate
size cast booster. Additional primers may be required depending upon geological conditions and
face height.
Austinite & HEET

Bulk Products
STORAGE
Store in accordance with all applicable local, state,
provincial and federal laws.
For more information and service

locations in your area, please
contact Austin Powder Companys
headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
These products are designed to be used as they are
manufactured from the bulk truck.
UN CLASSIFICATION
Austinite 15
Shipping Name: Ammonium Nitrate - Fuel Oil Mixture
Class & Division: 1.5D
ID Number: NA 0331
Hydromite 1100
Shipping Name: Explosive, Blasting, Type E
ID Number: NA 0332
Hydrox 503
Shipping Name: Oxidizing liquid, n.o.s. (contains
Ammonium Nitrate / Fuel Oil Aqueous Emulsion)
Class & Division: 5.1
ID Number: NA 0331
EX-9303283 (Austinite 15)
EX-1993050178 (Hydromite 1100)
EX-1993030287 (Hydrox 503)

damages.
Austinite & HEET Bulk Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
Ammonium Nitrate / Fuel Oil Mixture
A TRADITION OF SAFETY, STRENGTH AND

SERVICE.
DESCRIPTION
Austinite is a series of ammonium nitrate/fuel oil blasting agent products for a
variety of blasting applications.
BENEFITS
Austinite 15
Contains only the highest quality
ammonium nitrate prill.
Fuel ratio of 5.7% for an optimized
oxygen balance.
Excellent handling characteristics to
insure a free flowing product.
Austinite WR 300
Free flowing water resistant ANFO
blasting agent that can be used in
wet conditions. Simply dewater and
load the borehole before water
returns.
Provides full borehole coupling, a
10% higher velocity resulting in
improved breakage.
Austinite 7 HE
Aluminized ANFO product that
provides superior performance over
conventional ANFO products.
Contains 7% aluminum yielding
higher energy characteristics.
Expanded patterns are possible
resulting in decrease blasting costs.
PROPERTIES
Product
Austinite 15
Austinite WR 300
Austinite 7 HE
Density
[g/cc]
RBS
Water
Resistance
0.82
0.90
0.85
100
99
137
Poor
Good
Poor
VOD
[ft/s]
13,000
14,300
12,500
[m/s]
3,962
4,380
3,818

PRIMING
face height.
PACKAGING
Product
Austinite 15
Austinite WR 300
Austinite 7 HE
Paper Shipper Bag

50 lb
NA
50 lb
Bag Style & Weight

Paper Valve Bag
50 lb
50 lb
NA
Plastic Bag
25 kg
25 kg
NA
STORAGE

headquarters:
SHELF LIFE
Three months from date of manufacture under
good storage conditions.

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Explosive, Blasting, Type B
ID Number: UN 0331
EX-9303284

damages.
Austinite Packaged Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Cast Boosters
AUSTIN POWDER
High-Dens ity Explos ives for

Primer Applic ations .
DESCRIPTION
Austin Cast Boosters are high-density molecular explosives designed to produce
high detonation pressures for optimum initiation of blasting agents. Austin Cast
Boosters can be furnished with a cap well and cord channel that facilitate primer
assembly.
BENEFITS
Austin Cast Boosters detonate in
excess of 24,000 ft/sec (7,380 m/sec).
Over 200 kb of detonation pressure
ensures optimum steady state velocity
for blasting agents.
Excellent shelf life, highly resistant to
water and oil.
PRIMING
See Packaging & Typical Uses table within this document for priming considerations and
requirements.
PACKAGING & TYPICAL USES

Product Name
Weight
[g]
Outside
Diameter
Length
Case Count
[in]
[mm]
[in]
[mm]
Inner
Bag
Inner
Carton
Case
Total
Silver Nugget
0.59
15
1.67
42
25
250
2,500
Gold Nugget
0.69
18
1.71
43
20
200
2,000
Diamond Nugget
20
0.80
20.3
2.25
57
10
100
1,000
Typical Uses
For priming all small
diameter
blasting
agents underground.
Slides easily on end
of detonator to make
economical primers.
Use a high strength
detonator (at least a
#8 strength, 450 mg
base charge).
Cast Boosters
PACKAGING & TYPICAL USES
Weight
Product Name
[oz]
[g]
Outside
Diameter
[mm
[in]
]
Length
[in]
[mm
]
Case
Count
90 Gram
3.2
90
1.06
27
4.50
114
260
Green Cap
5.3
151
1.43
36
4.50
114
100
Brown Cap
227
1.83
46
4.50
114
100
Red Cap
12
340
3.00
76
2.10
53
60
Black Cap
12
340
2.05
52
4.60
117
60
Purple Cap
16
454
3.06
78
2.60
66
60
Orange Cap
16
454
2.33
59
4.50
114
60
White Cap
32
900
3.06
78
5.10
130
30
Rock Crusher
#1
16
454
5.00
127
2.50
63.5
16
Rock Crusher
#2
32
900
6.25
159
3.00
76
12
Typical Uses
Priming seismic charges.
Also secondary up-hole
boosters in small diameter holes. Detonator and cord
initiation. Use at least 50 grain detonating cord or
detonator sensitive.**
Priming blasting agents in holes of 2 diameter or larger.
Use at least 50 grain detonating cord or detonator
sensitive.**
Priming blasting agents in holes of 2 1/2 diameter or
larger. Use at least 25 grain detonating cord or detonator
sensitive.**
Use at least 15 grain detonating cord only.
Use at least 25 grain detonating cord or detonator
sensitive.**
Use at least 15 grain detonating cord only.
Heavier booster for priming blasting agents in holes of 3
diameter or larger. Use at least 25 grain detonating cord
or detonator sensitive.**
Heavier booster for priming blasting agents in holes of 4
diameter or larger. Use at least 25 grain detonating cord
or detonator sensitive.**
Use in secondary blasting applications to reduce oversize.
For use with at least 25 grain detonating cord or detonator
sensitive** (secured to tail of the 50 grain detonating cord)
Rock Crushers can be ordered as CW for use with
detonator only.
** Use a high strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge).
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
Five years from date of manufacture under good storage
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Boosters
ID Number: UN 0042
EX-9303285

Products described in this bulletin are sold by Austin Powder Company without warranty; express, implied or statutory or as to
MERCHANTABILITY, except as expressly stated in Austin Powders straight bill of lading. Under no circumstances shall seller be liable for loss of
anticipated profits, consequential damages or incidental damages.
Cast Boosters.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Coal Mine Construction Delay

Detonators
AUSTIN POWDER
Copper W ire, Copper Shell Elec tric

Detonators
DESCRIPTION
Coal Mine Construction electric detonators are designed to provide the precise
control necessary to produce accurate and consistent blasting results in a variety
of blasting applications in underground coal mine applications and other industries
that require the use of a copper shell electric detonator.
BENEFITS
750 mg PETN base charge far
exceeds the standard #8 strength
detonator.
Industries strongest copper shell
reduces the possibility of water
hammer effect.
Anti-static PVC insulation for
added protection from extraneous
currents.
Wide selection of delay intervals
provide greater flexibility in blast
design.

Delay #
MS Time
1
25
Delay #
MS Time
11
275
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonator Sequence

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonator Sequence (continued)
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
300
325
350
375
400
425
450
9
225
10
250
19
475
20
500
Coal Mine Construction Delay

Detonators
(continued)
Circuit Type
DC [Amps]
AC [Amps]
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonator Recommended Firing Current

Single Detonator
Single Series
Parallel Series
Parallel
0.5
1.5
1.5
1.010.0/Detonator
0.5
2.0
2.0
1.010.0/Detonator
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonator Packaging & Resistance

Case Weight
Case
Total
[ft]
[m]
[lb]
[kg]
Count
[ ]*
16
4.9
13.2
6.0
100
1.5
* Includes fusehead resistance of 0.9 +/- 0.1 .
Length
Wire
Configuration
Short Fold
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-0103067

damages.
Coal Mine Construction Delay Detonators.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
MSHA Approved Detonators for Underground

Coal and Gas s y Mines .
DESCRIPTION
Austin Powder Companys Coal Mine Delays are specifically designed to
provide the modern underground coal mine with the safest, highest quality
detonator in the industry.
BENEFITS
detonator.
Thick copper shell resists
dynamic compression.
Accordion folded 23 AWG iron
wire.
Nine different color coded delays
for easy delay identification.
Delay #
MS Time
Color
1
25
White
2
100
Pink
Coal Mine Delay Sequence & Colors

3
4
5
6
175
250
300
350
Blue
Orange
Green
Gold
7
400
Red
8
450
Lt. Green
9
500
Lt. Blue
Coal Mine Delay Electrical Data

No Fire Current
[Amps]
All Fire Impulse

[mJ]

[mJ]
No Fire Impulse
[mJ]
(wire to wire)
0.45 Amps
16
18
10 [kV]/2000[pF]
Coal Mine Delay Packaging & Resistance

Length
Case Weight
Total*
Case Count
[ft]
[m]
[lb]
[kg]
[ ]
8
2.4
45
20
500
2.7
14
4.2
55
25
500
4.2
Wire Configuration
Short Fold
Short Fold
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255

EX-9303275

damages.
Coal Mine Delay Series.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
DES Charge
AUSTIN POWDER
High-Dens ity Molec ular Explos ive
DESCRIPTION
DES Charges combine pentolites high velocity with high-density to achieve a
detonation pressure of 240 kb. Each DES Charge is designed to accept an
anchor point or top anchor wing. The DES has the longest sleep time of any
commercial explosive. The formulation ideally suits the requirements of mini-hole
as well as deep hole seismic exploration.
BENEFITS
High detonation velocity produces excellent
seismic pulse images.
,
Homogeneous blend of molecular

explosives.
Does not contain nitroglycerin or
perchlorates.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
Use a high-strength detonator (greater than a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge).
[m/s]
8,300
DES Charge
PACKAGING
Product
Name
90 gram
150 gram
250 gram
DES 16
DES 40
DES 80
DES kg
DES 1 kg
DES 2 kg
Cartridge
Weight
0.198 lb
90 g
.33 lb
150 g
0.55 lb
250 g
1 lb
454 g
2.5 lb
1.13 kg
5.5 lb
2.5 kg
1.10 lb
0.5 kg
2.20 lb
1 kg
4.40 lb
2 kg
Cartridge Size
[in]
[cm]
0.97 x 5.87
2.46 x 14.92
1.25 x 5.87
3.17 x 14.92
1.25 x 8.75
3.17 x 22.2
2.25 x 8.56
5.71 x 21.75
2.25 x 15.69
5.71 x 39.85
2.25 x 29.25
5.71 x 74.3
2.375 x 6.625
60 mm x 16.83
2.375 x 10.625
60mm x 27
2.375 x 21
60 mm x 53.34
Case
Count
180
120
80
50
20
10
40
20
10
Case Weight
[lb]
[kg]
36
16.3
39.5
17.9
44
20
52
23.6
52
23.6
57
25.8
21.5
47.4
21.5
47.4
21.5
47.4
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
Indefinite from date of manufacture under good
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
DES.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
DES SC
AUSTIN POWDER

Shape Charges
DESCRIPTION
DES SC (Shape Charge) combines pentolites high velocity with high-density to
achieve a detonation pressure of 240 kb. Each DES SC is designed to accept an
anchor point or top anchor wing. The design of their conical shape creates an
intense concentrated force that focuses the energy output downward.
BENEFITS
High detonation velocity produces
excellent seismic pulse images.
,

explosives.
perchlorates.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
8,300
DES SC
PACKAGING
Cartridge Weight
[oz]
[g]
4
113
5
142
8
226
10
283
12
340
16
454
40
1100
Cartridge Size
[in]
[cm]
1.125 x 8
2.85 x 20.3
1.375 x 5.25
3.5 x 13.3
1.25 x 7
2.85 x 17.8
1.375 x 7
3.5 x 17.8
2 x 5.5
4.9 x 14
2 x 6.75
4.9 x 17.15
2 x 15.75
4.9 x 40
Case Count
125
60
60
60
28
50
25
Case Weight
[lb]
[kg]
33.5
15.2
21
9.5
32
13
40
18.2
23
9.5
50
23.6
64
29
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
DES SC.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Detonating Cord
AUSTIN POWDER
The Indus trys Premium Line of

Detonating Cord
DESCRIPTION
Austin Powder manufacturers a wide variety of detonating cord to meet the requirements of the
mining, quarrying and construction industries. Detonating cord is used to initiate detonator sensitive
commercial explosives such as cast boosters, dynamites and emulsions. Detonating cord is also
used to provide a path of initiation to non-electric detonators. Detonating cord has a core of PETN
(pentaerythritol tetranitrate) encased in multiple polypropylene yarns, over-extruded with a
polyethylene jacket and high strength textile yarns.
BENEFITS
Water and abrasion resistant.
High tensile strength.
Color coded for easy identification.
Electronically & mechanically inspected.
Insensitive to extraneous current.
Assures reliable non-electric initiation.
TYPICAL USES
Lite Line & Lite Line Slideline: Downline or upline under all but the most severe conditions.
A-Cord & A-Cord Slideline: Small, medium and large hole downlines and trunklines; secondary
blasting and long hole blasting underground.
50 Reinforced: Excellent general purpose detonating cord for reliable blast initiation under virtually
all conditions.
Heavy Duty 200: For severe conditions to meet a wide range of specialized applications. Well
suited for dimensional stone and wall control.
Detonating Cord
PROPERTIES & PACKAGING
Product Name
Grain Load
[gr/ft]
[g/m]
Lite Line
15
3.2
Lite Line
Slideline
15
3.2
A-Cord
25
5.3
A-Cord
Slideline
25
5.3
50 Reinforced
50
10.6
200
42.5
Heavy Duty
200
Outside
Diameter
[in]
0.155 +/0.015
0.133 +/0.015
0.165 +/0.015
0.145 +/0.015
0.197 +/0.015
0.335 +/0.020

headquarters:
Tensile
Strength
[lb]
230
170
230
170
250
250
Case
Count
Weight
[lb]
Color
30
Pink
30
Pink
22
Green
22
Green
30
Yellow
57
Red
(2) 2000
Spools
(2) 2000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
(1) 1000
Spool
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE
Five years from date of manufacture under

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Cord, Detonating
ID Number: UN 0065
EX-9303282

damages.
Detonating Cord.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Dynamite Series
AUSTIN POWDER
Nitroglyc erin Bas ed Produc ts
DESCRIPTION
Austin Powder Companys dynamites are specially formulated nitroglycerin based
products that deliver superior results in many blasting applications. Their high
quality and excellent energy characteristics make them an effective and efficient
product.
BENEFITS
Excellent water resistance.
High velocity for rapid shattering action.
All purpose explosive for many types of
blasting.
High density permits explosive power to
be concentrated where the most energy
is required.
PROPERTIES
Product
Apcogel B-1 (Semi-Gel)
60% Extra Gelatin
Density
[g/cc]
1.26
1.43
Pressure
[kb]
54
92
RBS
144
195
Fume
Class
1
1
Water
Resistance
Good
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
[m/s]
15,400
4,700
17,700
5,400
PRIMING
Use a high-strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge).
Dynamite Series
PACKAGING
Product
Cartridge Size
Cartridge Style
Apcogel B-1 (Semi-Gel)
Available in all standard sizes,

packaged in 55 lb (25 kg) cases.
Available in a paper shell

or BN style tube.
60% Extra Gelatin
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
One year from date of manufacture under good
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Explosive, Blasting, Type A
ID Number: UN 0081

EX-9303286

damages.
Dynamite Series.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Emulex 500 Series

AUSTIN POWDER
Detonator Sens itive Emuls ion
DESCRIPTION
Emulex 500 series emulsion is a detonator sensitive explosive with a paste like
consistency, packaged in tampable paper cartridges.
BENEFITS
Excellent fragmentation in a variety of
rock conditions.
>95% borehole coupling when loading
cut or tamped cartridges.
Excellent water resistance in all grades.
Superior resistance to dynamic precompression.
PROPERTIES
Product
Emulex 510
Emulex 520
Density
[g/cc]
1.15
1.15
RBS
101
140
Fume
Class
1
1
Water
Resistance
Excellent
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
16,700
16,100
[m/s]
5,100
4,900
PRIMING
Use a high strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge). If product temperature is below
10 F (-12 C), prime with a GOLD NUGGET cast booster. This product is not designed for use with any
type of detonating cord. It will NOT initiate with detonating cord.
Emulex 500 Series

PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Cartridge Size
Imperial [in] Metric [mm]
1 x 12
32 x 300
1 x 16
32 x 400
1 x 12
38 x 300
1 x 16
38 x 400
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
91 - 96
67 - 74
62 - 66
46 - 49
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-8906005 (Emulex 510)
EX-8906006 (Emulex 520)

damages.
Emulex 500 Series.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Emulex 900 Series

AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
Emulex 900 series emulsion is a detonator sensitive explosive with putty like
texture packaged in tough plastic film, tampable plastic film or rigid paper tube
cartridges.
BENEFITS
Excellent fragmentation when proper
grade is matched to the rock conditions.
>99% borehole coupling when loading
cut or tamped cartridges.
Superior resistance to dynamic precompression.
PROPERTIES
Product
Emulex 917
Emulex 927
Emulex 937
Density
[g/cc]
RBS
Fume
Class
Water
Resistance
1.17
1.17
1.19
107
142
162
1
2
2
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
17,000
16,500
15,500
[m/s]
5,577
5,413
5,085
PRIMING
0 F (-17 C), prime with a Gold Nugget cast booster. This product is not designed for use with any type of
detonating cord. It will NOT initiate with detonating cord.
Emulex 900 Series

Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
1 x 12
32 x 300
1 x 12
38 x 300
1 x 16
38 x 400
1 x 16
44 x 400
2 x 16
50 x 400
2 x 16
57 x 400
2 x 16
63 x 400
2 x 16
69 x 400
3 x 16
75 x 400
3 x 16
82 x 400
3 x 16
88 x 400
917
927
937
V, PMP
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V, PMP
V
V, AT
V, AT
V, AT
V, AT
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
*
*
*
*
V, AT
V, AT
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
V, BN
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
91 96
62 66
46 49
33 36
25 - 27
20 - 22
17 18
14 15
12
10
9
V = Valeron Film; PMP = Poly Mylar Poly Laminate Film (tampable); AT, BN = Rigid Paper Tube
* Not Available
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305178

damages.
Emulex 900 Series.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Enviroprime
AUSTIN POWDER
Bioremediation Tec hnology
DESCRIPTION
Enviroprime offers the highest velocity of any commercially available explosive. The explosive
contains a microbial innoculant that effectively bioremediates TNT, PETN, RDX and HMX
explosives. When submerged in water for over one year, the microorganisms become active and
begin to consume the explosive matter.
BENEFITS
Anaerobic bacteria are provided in a time
release form, so that they are activated only
,
after at least one year in the subsurface
environment.
Microbial nutrients are added to provide
sufficient reducing power to degrade the
unexploded charge if needed, yet not
interfere with the explosive energy.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
8,300
Enviroprime
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Plastic Threaded Cartridges
Cartridge Size*
[in]
[mm]
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x 2 lb
*
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case
Count
50
20
10
40
20
10
Case
Weight
52 lb
52 lb
57 lb
21.5 kg
21.5 kg
21.5 kg
* Available in other sizes upon request.
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
Enviroprime.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Enviroseis
AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
Enviroseis is a detonator sensitive, high viscosity explosive packaged in paper
shells or rigid plastic cartridges.
BENEFITS
Does not contain molecular explosives,
nitroglycerin or perchlorates.
, Predominate detonation by-products are
water vapor, carbon dioxide and

nitrogen.
Desensitizes and decomposes in
shorter time period as compared to
conventional seismic explosives.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.16
Temperature
Sensitivity
-20 F / -29 C
Pressure
[kb]
100
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
19,200
PRIMING
[m/s]
5,910
Enviroseis
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge*
Plastic Cartridge*
Plastic Cartridge*
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
*
27 x 1/8 kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x 1 kg
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x 2 lb
*
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case Count
Case Weight
160
80
40
20
50
20
10
40
20
10
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
50 lb
50 lb
50 lb
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
* 60 mm Plastic Cartridge has a threaded fast lock connector.
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177

damages.
Enviroseis.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
HEET / Hydromite
Packaged Blends
AUSTIN POWDER
Boos ter Sens itive

Emuls ion / ANFO Mixtures
DESCRIPTION
Packaged Hydromite & HEET products are booster sensitive mixtures of emulsion and ANFO
packaged in a variety of cartridge styles.
BENEFITS
Wide choice of energies to match blasting

requirements.
Develops excellent gas volume for heave
displacement.
Economical wet hole column charge.
Excellent water resistance in all grades (HEET
dependent upon package integrity).
Excellent resistance to dynamic precompression.
PROPERTIES
Product
HEET 130
HEET 140
Hydromite 611*
Hydromite 820
Hydromite 823
Hydromite 840
Hydromite 843
Hydromite 860
Hydromite 863
* Note: Hydromite 611 is 100% emulsion.
Density
[g/cc]
RBS
1.22
1.32
1.25
1.28
1.29
1.27
1.28
1.26
1.27
138
144
113
132
147
126
141
122
138
VOD
[ft/s]
13,500
16,000
19,000
14,000
13,700
14,900
14,600
15,800
15,500
[m/s]
4,100
4,875
5,800
4,270
4,180
4,550
4,450
4,820
4,725
PRIMING
face height.
HEET / Hydromite Packaged Blends

PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
2 x 16
63 x 400
2 x 16
69 x 400
3 x 16
75 x 400
3 x 16
81 x 400
3 x 16
88 x 400
3 x 9 lb
100 x 4.1 kg
3 x 9 lb
114 x 4,1 kg
4 x 20 lb
100 x 9.1 kg
4 x 25 lb
114 x 11.4 kg
5 x 30 lb
127 x 13.6 kg
6 x 40 lb
150 x 18.2 kg
7 x 50 lb
178 x 22.7 kg
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
17-18
14-15
12
10
9
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NOTE: Hydromite 860 & 863 only available in valeron film and 3 WPP.
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0332

EX-9305178

no circumstances shall seller be liable for ol ss of anticipated profits, consequential damages or incidental
damages.
HEET Hydromite Packaged Blends.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Hornet Booster
AUSTIN POWDER
High Veloc ity Cas t Boos ter
DESCRIPTION
Hornet Boosters are formulated to provide the highest detonation pressure
available in commercial explosives. This high pressure provides fast, reliable
initiation of even the least sensitive blasting agents in use today.
BENEFITS
Fluorescent green cups with tiger
stripe cap for ease of identification.
Excellent water and oil resistance,
dependable under the most extreme
conditions.
Non-bullet sensitive formula is safer than
dynamites and other cast pentolite
boosters.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
Pressure
[kb]
Water
Resistanc
e
[ft/s]
[m/s]
1.70
259
Excellent
25,600
7,802
VOD
PRIMING
Use a high strength detonator (containing at least a 750 mg base charge). This
product is not designed for use with any type of detonating cord. It will NOT initiate
with detonating cord.
Hornet Booster
PACKAGING
Product
Hornet 75
Hornet 100
Unit Size
[in]
2.05 x 4.6
2.33 x 4.5
[mm]
52 x 117
59 x 114
Unit Weight
[oz]
[g]
12
340
16
454
Case
Count
60
60
Case Weight
[lb]
[kg]
48
21.75
63
28.5
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-9303285

damages.
Hornet Booster.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]

AUSTIN POWDER
Boos ter Sens itive Emuls ion
DESCRIPTION
Hydromite 600 series emulsion is a booster sensitive explosive with a putty like
texture, packaged in tough plastic film cartridges.
BENEFITS
Choice of energies to match rock
conditions.
Good borehole coupling characteristics
when cartridge is cut.
Superior resistant to dynamic precompression.
PROPERTIES
Product
Density
[g/cc]
RBS
Fume
Class
Hydromite 610/650*
1.24
114
1
Hydromite 620/660*
1.24
130
1
Hydromite 630/670*
1.24
145
2
* Note: 650, 660 & 670 contain highest strength microspheres.
Water
Resistance
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
18,200
17,600
17,100
[m/s]
5,551
5,368
5,216
PRIMING
face height.

PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Valeron Film
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
2 x 16
50 x 400
2 x 16
56 x 400
2 x 16
63 x 400
2 x 16
69 x 400
3 x 16
75 x 400
3 x 16
81 x 400
3 x 16
88 x 400
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
25 28
20 22
17 18
14 15
12
10
9
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0332

EX-9305178

damages.
Hydromite 600 Series.doc
[1/2/02 11/13/02]
[PM]
Hydromite 2200
AUSTIN POWDER
Boos ter Sens itive Bulk Emuls ion for

Small Diameter Underground and
Cons truc tion Applic ations .
DESCRIPTION
Hydromite 2200 is a bulk emulsion product specifically formulated for underground
and construction applications.
BENEFITS
100% borehole coupling and high energy
produce the maximum performance for
each hole.
Excellent water resistance and superior
resistance to dynamic pre-compression
assures performance even in the most
critical situations.
Reliable, easy to use equipment means
fast, effective loading operations.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.20
VOD*
[ft/s]
19,100
[m/s]
5,820
Fume Class
1

[in]
[mm]
1
1 /2
37
* 2 confined
PRIMING
These products are booster sensitive explosives and must be in direct contact with a DIAMOND
NUGGET Cast Booster or RED-D-PRIME (1 x 8) packaged emulsion.
Hydromite 2200
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
Six months from date of manufacture under
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0332
DOT REFERENCE #
EX-1993050178

damages.
Hydromite 2200.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
Pumpab le, Boos ter Sens itive Bulk

Emuls ion and Emuls ion / ANFO Blend
DESCRIPTION
Bulk hydromites are pumpable blends of Hydromite 1100 and Austinite 15 that
provide excellent water resistance and performance to meet many application
requirements.
BENEFITS
Loading bulk pumpable products can reduce the

time needed to load shots increasing efficiency.
In wet boreholes, Hydromite bulk products are

pumped to the bottom of the borehole, displacing
the water to providing 100% borehole coupling.
Chemically sensitized products have a natural

density gradient resulting in a higher density at
the bottom of the borehole where the energy is
needed the most.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
Microsphere Sensitized:
Hydromite 3200
1.28
Hydromite 3400
1.27
Hydromite 3600
1.26
Chemically Sensitized:
Hydromite 4100
1.18
Hydromite 4400
1.18
* 6 confined
Product
[ft/s]
VOD*
[m/s]
Water
Resistance

[in]
[mm]
16,220
17,660
17,660
4,945
5,400
5,400
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
5
4
3
125
100
87
19,000
18,000
5,800
5,500
Excellent
Excellent
2
2
62
62
PRIMING
face height.
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
These products are designed to be used as
they are manufactured from the bulk truck.
UN CLASSIFICATION
(Austinite 15)
ID Number: UN 0332

EX-1993050178

damages.
Hydromite Bulk Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
Detonator Sens itive Emuls ion for Pre-Splitting,

Trim Blas ting or Smoothwall Tec hnique
DESCRIPTION
Emuline, Emuline HD and Red-D Lite are specialty explosive products designed for controlled
blasting applications requiring de-coupling of the explosive charge such as pre-splitting, trim blasting
or smoothwall technique.
BENEFITS
Emuline and Emuline HD is a continuous
length of emulsion packaged in tough
film cartridges with an attached line of
detonating cord. The continuous length
can be easily cut to desired length.
Red-D Lite is an emulsion packaged in
rigid paper cartridges with couplers that
quickly connect together.
PROPERTIES
Product
Density
[g/cc]
Pressure
[kb]
Emuline
0.98
57
Emuline HD
1.10
57
Red-D Lite
1.11
58
* Note: Emuline and Emuline HD detonates at the rate of
the reaction rate of the explosive ingredients.
Water
Resistance
VOD*
[ft/s]
[m/s]
Excellent
14,000
4,270
Excellent
14,000
4,270
Excellent
15,000
4,570
the detonating cord. However, the effective work energy is
PRIMING
Emuline HD: Use a high strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge) or A-Cord
(25 gr/ft) detonating cord secured to the products attached detonating cord.
Red-D Lite: Use a high strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge). If product
temperature is below 0 F (-17 C), prime with a Gold Nugget cast booster. This product is not
designed for use with any type of detonating cord. It will NOT initiate with detonating cord.

PACKAGING
Product
Emuline
Emuline HD
Red-D Lite
Cartridge Size
[in]
7/8 x 16
1 x 16
7/8 x 24
[mm]
22 x 400
32 x 400
22 x 600
Cartridge Weight
[lb/ft]
0.31
0.51
0.29
[kg/m]
0.45
0.76
0.43
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
[ft]
[m]
181
55
107
33
186
56
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177A (Emuline)
EX-9305177A (Emuline HD)
EX-9305177 (Red-D Lite)

damages.
Overbreak Control Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
MSHA Approved Explos ives for

Underground Coal and Gas s y Mines .
DESCRIPTION
Austin Powder Company has developed a variety of permissible products to meet virtually every application. Each of
these products offer superior performance and are approved for use in underground coal mines or where a permissible
explosive is desired.
Coalmex 14E is a detonator sensitive emulsion explosive with a paste like consistency packaged in both valeron and
paper cartridges.
Red-D-Gel B is a high velocity and energy dynamite designed for blasting hard coal and difficult rock blasting
applications, such as overcasts, undercasts and stumps
Rockbuster II is a non-incendive sheathed explosive approved by MSHA for unconfined blasting of large boulders and
rock slabs in underground coal mines. The product is primed with a Rockbuster special instantaneous electric
detonator then the charge is placed on the rock surface and detonated. This breaks the rock into a manageable size.
For larger applications, a maximum of three units can be fired at one time.
BENEFITS
Coalmex 14E
All Purpose emulsion explosive for
blasting coal, partings, rock
binders and overcasts.
Resistant to dynamic precompression.
Red-D-Gel B
High density and velocity
dynamite.
Dependable under extreme
conditions.
Delivers high energy for difficult
blasting.
Rockbuster II
Completely enclosed unit does
not require drilling or stemming.
Easy to handle, arm and place.
Flexible package conforms to the
surface.
Saves money by reducing
longwall downtime.
PROPERTIES
Product
Coalmex 14E
Red-D-Gel B
Rockbuster
Density
[g/cc]
RBS
Water
Resistance
1.12
1.35
NA
130
166
NA
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
16,800
16,000
15,750
PRIMING
Coalmex 14E: Use a permissible high-strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge).
Red-D-Gel B: Use a permissible high-strength detonator (at least a #8 strength, 450 mg base charge).
Rockbuster II: Must be primed with a Rockbuster Special instantaneous electric detonator.
[m/s]
5,120
4,876
4,800
PACKAGING
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
Case Count
50 lb / 20 kg
Coalmex 14E
1 x 16
1 x 16
32 x 400
38 x 400
60 68
42 45
Red-D-Gel B
1 x 16
1 x8
1 x 16
38 x 400
32 x 200
32 x 400
40 46
95 111
43 56
Rockbuster II
13 x 8.5 x 3.5
330 x 215 x 89
Product
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
Coalmex 14E
ID Number: UN 0241
Red-D-Gel B
ID Number: UN 0081
Rockbuster
Shipping Name: Rockbuster II
ID Number: UN 0081
Coalmex 14E (EX-9303286)
Red-D-Gel B (EX-9305177)
Rockbuster II (EX-9303286)

damages.
Permissible Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Red-D Prime
AUSTIN POWDER
Detonator Sens itive Emuls ion Spec ific ally

Des igned for Priming Applic ations
DESCRIPTION
Red-D Prime is a detonator sensitive explosive with a putty like texture packaged
in rigid paper tube or valeron film cartridges for priming small to medium diameter
blast holes.
BENEFITS
Economical primer for ANFO.
Good detonation pressure.
Resistant to dynamic pre-compression.
Contains no molecular explosives.
PROPERTIES
VOD
Density
[g/cc]
Pressure
[kb]
Water
Resistance
[ft/s]
[m/s]
1.15
91
Excellent
18,500
6,069
PRIMING
0 F (-17 C), prime with a Gold Nugget cast booster. This product is not designed for use with any type of
detonating cord. It will NOT initiate with detonating cord.
Red-D Prime
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Valeron Film / Rigid Paper Tube
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
1 x 8 32 x 200
1 x 8 38 x 200
2x8
50 x 200
Case Count
55 lb / 25 kg
135 143
94 99
52 - 55
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177

damages.
Red-D Prime.doc
[1/2/02 5/6/03]
[PM]
RockStar Detonators
AUSTIN POWDER
Elec tric Millis ec ond Delay Detonators
DESCRIPTION
RockStar electric detonators are designed to provide the precise control
necessary to produce accurate and consistent blasting results in a variety of
blasting applications in the mining, quarrying and construction industries.
BENEFITS
detonator.
Industries strongest aluminum
shell reduces the possibility of
water hammer effect.
Anti-static PVC insulation for
added protection from extraneous
currents.
Wide selection of delay intervals
provide greater flexibility in blast
design.

Delay #
MS Time
0
0
1
25
2
50
Delay #
MS Time
13
325
14
350
15
375
Rock Star Delay Sequence

3
4
5
6
7
8
75
100
125
150
175
200
Rock Star Delay Sequence (continued)
16
17
18
19
20
22
400
425
450
475
500
600
9
225
10
250
11
275
12
300
24
700
26
800
28
900
30
1000
RockStar Detonators
[ft]
[m]
8
12
16
Length
2.4
3.7
4.9
Total [ ]*
1.2
1.4
1.5
* Includes fusehead resistance of 0.9 +/- 0.1
Rock Star Resistance

24
30
40
60
7.3
9.1
12.2
18.3
1.8
1.5
1.8
2.2
.
80
24.4
2.6
120
36.6
3.5
Rock Star Recommended Firing Current

Single Detonator
Single Series
Parallel Series
0.5
1.5
1.5
0.5
2.0
2.0
Circuit Type
DC [Amps]
AC [Amps]
Rock Star Packaging

Case Weight
[ft]
[m]
[lb]
[kg]
8
2.4
7.7
3.5
12
3.7
8.8
4.0
16
4.9
13.2
6.0
24*
7.3*
11.0
5.0
30**
9.1**
13.2
6.0
40
12.2
13.2
6.0
60
18.3
13.2
6.0
80
24.4
15.4
7.0
120
36.6
24.2
11.0
150
45.7
15.4
7.0
200
60.9
17.6
8.0
250
76.2
19.8
9.0
* All RockStar 24 (7.3 m) and less, have 22 AWG (0.6 mm) copper wire.
** All RockStar 30 (9.1 m) and more, have 20 AWG (0.8 mm) copper wire.
Length
150
45.7
4.1
200
60.9
5.2
250
76.2
6.2
Parallel
1.010.0/Detonator
1.010.0/Detonator
Case
Count
100
100
100
60
40
30
20
20
20
10
8
8
Wire
Configuration
Short Fold
Short Fold
Short Fold
Short Fold
Long Fold
Long Fold
Long Fold
Long Fold
Spooled
Spooled
Spooled
Spooled
STORAGE
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-0103067

damages.
Rock Star.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Seis-Gel
AUSTIN POWDER
60% High Veloc ity Seis mic Dynamite
DESCRIPTION
Seis-Gel is a high velocity, 60% seismic explosive. The special formulation of this
nitroglycerin based product assures reliable detonation after prolonged immersion
under high hydrostatic pressures. Seis-Gel is characterized by high velocity and
consistent performance under severe winter conditions or in hot, humid areas.
BENEFITS
Detonates consistently to produce a sharp
pulse of seismic energy.
,
Available in plastic threaded cartridges or

paper shell.
Ideal for deep hole work and prolonged
sleep time.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.5
Pressure
[kb]
115
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
20,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
6,100
Seis-Gel
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Plastic Threaded Cartridge
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
*
51 x kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x 1 kg
*
51 x 2 kg
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x2
*
lb
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case
Count
80
40
20
10
50
Case
Weight
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
50 lb
20
50 lb
10
40
20
10
50 lb
20 lb
20 lb
20 lb
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
Two years from date of manufacture under
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0081

EX-9303286

damages.
Seisgel.doc
[1/2/02 9/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
The Indus trys Premium Line of Seis mic

Detonating Cord
DESCRIPTION
seismic industry. Detonating cord is used to initiate detonator sensitive seismic explosives.
Detonating cord is also used to provide a path of initiation for non-electric initiation. Detonating cord
has a core of PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate) encased in multiple polypropylene yarns, overextruded with a polyethylene jacket and high strength textile yarns.
BENEFITS
Ideally suited for use with 3-D Star SSD.
TYPICAL USES
Lite Line : Downline under all but the most severe conditions.
A-Cord : Small, medium and large hole downlines.
all conditions.
All detonating cords are available with FS (Flash Suppressant outer jacket) upon request.

Product Name*
Grain Load
[gr/ft]
[g/m]
Lite Line
15
3.2
A-Cord
25
5.3
50 Reinforced
50
10.6
Outside
Diameter
[in]
0.155 +/0.015
0.165 +/0.015
0.197 +/0.015
Tensile
Strength
[lb]
230
230
250
Case
Count
(2) 2000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
Weight
[lb]
Color
30
Pink
22
Green
30
Yellow

headquarters:
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0065
EX-9303282

damages.
Seismic Detonating Cord.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Seismex MH
AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
Seismex MH is a detonator sensitive, high viscosity explosive packaged in paper
shells.
BENEFITS
,
Predominate detonation by-products are

nitrogen.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.16
Temperature
Sensitivity
-20 F / -29 C
Pressure
[kb]
100
Water
Resistance
Excellent
PRIMING
VOD
[ft/s]
19,200
[m/s]
5,910
Seismex MH
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
1 1/8 x lb
*
1 1/8 x 1/3 lb
*
1 1/8 x lb
*
Case Count
Case Weight
200
150
100
52 lb
52 lb
52 lb
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177

damages.
Seismex MH.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
SeismicStar ESP
AUSTIN POWDER

DESCRIPTION
SeismicStar ESP detonator is specifically designed for the harsh conditions
for extended periods of time. SeismicStar ESP electric detonators will initiate all
BENEFITS



amperes DC current.


time.
Resistant to temperature extremes from -40 F

to 150 F.
#20 gauge high abrasion resistant, yellow PE

insulated wire.
SeismicStar ESP
Length
[ft]
12
20
24
30
65
80
85
100
120
160
200
250
Ohms Resistance
[ ]
1.19
1.36
1.44
1.57
2.31
2.63
2.73
3.05
3.45
4.32
5.17
6.23
Case
Count
100
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
30
20
20
Case Weight
[lb]
16.5
14.8
15.4
21
28.6
34
35.2
39.6
46.2
45.2
36.3
40.7
Electrical Data
No Fire Current
0.45 amps
All Fire Current
2.00 amps
6.00 amps
No Fire Impulse
8 mJ/ohms
All Fire Impulse
16 mJ/ohms
20 kV/500 pF/100 mJ
Pin to Pin
10kV/500 pF/25mJ
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-9303277

damages.
Seismic Star ESP.doc
[1/2/02 9/13/02]
[PM]
ShockStar
Dual-Delays
AUSTIN POWDER
Non-Elec tric , Millis ec ond Delay Detonators
DESCRIPTION
ShockStar Dual-Delays combine In-Hole Delays and Quick-Relay Connectors in
one product. This combination offers convenience for storage and inventorying of
one product instead of two and often reduces space requirements for
transportation. Connecting of blast patterns is generally faster with Dual-Delays as
fewer connections are required in total. Additionally, fewer individual products used
in the blast pattern reduces clutter at connection points and makes visual
inspections easier. For millisecond delay blasting, Dual-Delays are available with a
down-hole detonator of either 350, 375 or 700 ms. Surface delay times are
offered in either 17, 25 or 42 ms.
BENEFITS
Manufactured with bright yellow shock
tube for high visibility.
Surface connector has eight tube
capacity and is color-coded to surface
delay time.
750 mg base charge of PETN to ensure
strong initiation energy under even the
most extreme conditions (in-hole
detonator only).
Delay composition encased in a steel
jacket to prevent performance loss due
to transient pressure from nearby
detonating holes.
Equipped with a tear-proof color coded
delay tag that lists delay time, delay
period and length of the detonator.
ShockStar
Dual-Delays
STANDARD DELAYS & PACKAGING
Length
17/350
ms
[ft]
[m]
8
2.4
12
3.7
16
4.9
24
7.3
30
9.1
40
12.2
60
18.3
80
24.4
120
36.6
= Standard Product
17/375
ms
17/700
ms
25/350
ms
25/375
ms
25/700
ms
42/350
ms
200/5000
ms
Case
Count
120
90
90
60
60
60
40
40
20
STORAGE

locations in your area, please contact
Austin Powder Companys headquarters:
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
For optimum accuracy, use within three years from
date of manufacture under good storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name: Detonator Assemblies, Non-Electric
ID Number: UN 0361
EX-0103065
All ShockStar non-electric detonators are manufactured by Austin Star Detonator Co., Brownsville, TX.

damages.
Shock Star Dual-Delays.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
ShockStar
LP Detonators
AUSTIN POWDER
Non-Elec tric , Long Period Delay Detonators
DESCRIPTION
ShockStar long period detonator products include LP In-Hole Delays and Dual-Delay Detonators.
ShockStar LP In-Hole Delays are available in a sequence of 26 whole number periods from
instantaneous (0 ms) to 9600 ms. Austins LP delay sequence is appropriate for applications such
as tunneling and shaft or raise mining where long delays are required between holes to allow for
movement of broken rock. They are designed to be used as down-hole detonators for the initiation of
cast boosters, high explosives or pneumatically loaded AN/FO. In-Hole delays come equipped with a
T-Connector for compatibility with detonating cord initiation.
ShockStar LP Dual-Delays with the 200/5000 ms configuration are designed to allow the
efficiency of dual-delay detonators to be used in LP delay applications. They achieve high inventory
efficiency by replacing an entire series of delay detonators with a single product. Dual-Delays are
equipped with the patented eight tube capacity Quick-Relay Connector with a white colored end cap
for better visibility in low light workplaces.
BENEFITS
750 mg base charge of PETN to ensure
strong initiation energy under even the
most extreme conditions (down-hole
detonator only).
Delay composition encased in a steel
jacket to prevent performance loss due
to transient pressure from nearby
detonating holes.
Delay time quality controls to ensure
greater than 99% probability of insequence initiation.
Equipped with a tear-proof delay tag that
lists delay time, delay period and length
of the detonator.
Manufactured with bright yellow shock
tubing for high visibility.
ShockStar
LP Detonators
STANDARD DELAY SEQUENCE & PACKAGING
Period #
Delay, ms
Period #
Delay, ms
0
0
1
200
13
3500
14
4000
Shock Star LP In-Hole Delays

3
4
5
6
7
8
600
800
1000 1200 1400 1600
Shock Star LP In-Hole Delays (continued)
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
4500 5000 5500
6000 6500 7000 7500
2
400
9
1800
10
2000
11
2500
12
3000
22
8000
23
8500
24
9000
25
9600
ShockStar
Long Period Detonator Packaging
Length
Case Count
[ft]
[m]
16
4.9
150
20
6.0
120
24
7.3
120
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE
For more information and service locations For optimum accuracy, use within one year from date of
in your area, please contact Austin Powder manufacture under good storage conditions.
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0360
EX-9303278

damages.
Shock Star LP Detonators.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
ShockStar
MS Detonators
AUSTIN POWDER
Non-Elec tric , Millis ec ond Delay Detonators
DESCRIPTION
ShockStar MS Series In-Hole Delays are available in a sequence of 31 whole
number periods from instantaneous (0 ms) to 1000 ms. They are designed to be
used as down-hole detonators for the initiation of cast boosters, high explosives or
pneumatically loaded ANFO. In-Hole delays come equipped with a T-Connector
for compatibility with detonating cord initiation or can be initiated by another electric
or non-electric detonator.
BENEFITS
750 mg base charge of PETN to
ensure strong initiation energy
under even the most extreme
conditions.
Delay composition encased in a
steel jacket to prevent
performance loss due to
transient pressure from nearby
detonating holes.
Delay time quality controls to
ensure greater than 99%
probability of in-sequence
initiation.
Equipped with a tear-proof delay
tag that lists delay time, delay
period and length of the
detonator.
ShockStar MS Detonators
Period #
Delay [ms]
Length
[ft]
[m]
16
4.7
20
6.1
30
9.1
40
12.2
50
15.3
60
18.3
80
24.4
120 36.6
160 48.8
200 61.0
Period #
Delay [ms]
0
0
1
25
4.7
6.1
9.1
12.2
15.3
18.3
24.4
36.6
48.8
61.0
3
75
4
100
5
125
6
150
7
175
8
200
9
225
10
250
11
275
12
300
13
325
14
350
15
375
Indicates Availability as Standard Product
16
400
17
425
18
450
19
475
20
500
22
600
24
700
26
800
28
900
30
1000
Length
[ft]
[m]
16
20
30
40
50
60
80
120
160
200
2
50
Indicates Availability as Standard Product
Case Count
1.4B
1.1B
90 ea.
90 ea.
60 ea.
60 ea.
40 ea.
40 ea.
40 ea.
20 ea.
20 ea.
20 ea.
150 ea.
120 ea.
STORAGE
For more information and service locations SHELF LIFE
in your area, please contact Austin Powder For optimum accuracy, use within three years from date
of manufacture under good storage conditions.
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
Class & Division: 1.1B, 1.4B (depending on case count)
ID Number: UN 0361
EX-9609026

[1/2/02 5/16/03]
Shock Star MS Detonators.doc
[PM]
ShockStar Signal
Transmission Lines
AUSTIN POWDER
Shoc k Tub e Produc ts for Non-Elec tric Lead-in

from Blas ters Initiation Point to Blas t Site
DESCRIPTION
ShockStar Signal Transmission Line products include Lead-In-Line and STD
(shock tube with detonator).
ShockStar Lead-In-Line is used to allow a completely non-electric blasting
system from the Blasters point of initiation all the way through the blast. Lead-InLine is packaged on 2,500 ft spools to permit a single splice free signal line
between the Blaster and the blast pattern. Polyethylene splicers are included with
each case of Lead-In-Line for connecting the shock tubes open end to a nonelectric detonator used for starting the blast.
ShockStar STD is used for the same purpose as Lead-In-Lines. For added
convenience, each STD is equipped with an instantaneous Surface Delay
Connector to facilitate a splice-free connection to the first hole in the blast pattern,
or a detonating cord trunkline. STDs are available in 500 and 1,000 ft lengths.
BENEFITS
Are constructed from Austins three
layered shock tube with a white
colored jacket for good visibility and
differentiation from delay detonator
assemblies.
Initiate consistently and silently at
6,200 ft/s (1,900 m/s)
Are packaged on sturdy spools for
durability during shipping and multiple
uses.
ShockStar Signal
Transmission Lines
PACKAGING
Product
STD
Lead-In-Line
Length
[ft]
500
1,000
2,500
[m]
153
328
762
Case Count
8 Spools
4 Spools
2 Spools
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE
For optimum accuracy, use within five years from date
For more information and service locations

in your area, please contact Austin Powder
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
Shipping Name:
Articles, Explosive, n.o.s. (Lead-In-Line)
Detonator Assemblies, Non-Electric (STD)
Class & Division:
1.4S (Lead-in-Line)
1.4B (STD)
ID Number:
UN 0349 (Lead-In-Line)
UN 0361 (STD)
(Lead-In-Line) EX-9404156
(STD) EX-0103064

damages.
Shock Star Signal Transmission Lines.doc
[1/2/02 5/22/02]
[PM]
ShockStar
Surface Connectors
AUSTIN POWDER
Non-Elec tric , Millis ec ond Delay Detonators for

Inter-Dec k , Inter-hole or Inter-row Connec tions
DESCRIPTION
ShockStar Surface Connectors include Quick-Relay Connectors and Surface
Delay Connectors.
ShockStar Quick-Relay Connectors are especially designed for the initiation of
other shock tube detonators as a delay between holes or decks within a hole.
Quick-Relay Connectors are equipped with connector blocks able to contain 8
outgoing shock tubes yet have a lowered base charge to reduce noise levels and
eliminate shrapnel cut-off concerns. These detonators are available in 9 delays
from instantaneous (0 ms) to 200 ms. (Quick-Relay Connectors should never
be used to attempt initiation of detonating cord)
ShockStar Surface Delay Connectors are powerful, versatile detonators
designed for compatibility with both shock tube and detonating cord initiation
systems. Connector blocks are able to hold up to 8 outgoing shock tubes or fire up
to heavy-duty detonating cords. These detonators are available in 8 delays from
instantaneous (0 ms) to 200 ms.
BENEFITS
Have connector blocks color coded to
the delay time of the detonator.
Delay time quality controls to ensure
greater than 99% probability of insequence initiation.
Equipped with a tear-proof delay tag that
lists delay time and length of the
detonator as well as being color coded
to match the connector block.
Manufactured with red shock tubing for
easy differentiation from down-hole
detonators when visually inspecting a
connected blast pattern.
ShockStar
Surface Connectors
Length
[ft]
[m]
4
1.2
12
3.7
20
6.0
30
9.1
40
12.2
60
18.3
0
ms
Length
[ft]
[m]
4
1.2
12
3.7
20
6.0
30
9.1
50
15.3
0
ms
Shock Star Quick-Relay Connectors

17
25
33
42
ms
ms
ms
ms
9
ms
Shock Star Surface Delay Connectors

17
25
42
67
ms
ms
ms
ms
9
ms
67
ms
100
ms
100
ms
200
ms
200
ms

Indicates
Standard
Product
Shock Star Packaging

Length
[ft]
12
16
20
24
30
40
50
60
[m]
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.3
9.1
12.2
15.3
18.3
90
90
90
60
60
60
40
40
Case Count
STORAGE
For more information and service locations SHELF LIFE
in your area, please contact Austin Powder For optimum accuracy, use within three years from date
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0361
EX-0103064

Shock Star Surface Connectors.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
TimeStar Detonators
AUSTIN POWDER
Elec tric Long Period Delay Detonators
DESCRIPTION
TimeStar long period electric delay detonators provide sufficient time for rock
movement necessary for successful blasting of trenches, sewers, tunnels, shafts,
drifts, raises and surface blasting operations. Offered in 16 delays and instant,
they are consistently accurate to prevent overlap, assure better fragmentation and
reduce vibration. With a powerful base charge of over 750 mg and a heavy
aluminum alloy shell, TimeStars provide greater assurance of initiating detonator
sensitive explosives under severe conditions.
BENEFITS
750 mg PETN base charge far exceeds
the standard #8 strength detonator.
Industries strongest aluminum shell
reduces the possibility of water hammer
effect.
Anti-static PVC insulation for added
protection from extraneous currents.
Wide selection of delay intervals provide
greater flexibility in blast design.
Delay #
MS Time
Delay #
MS Time
0
Instant
9
4500
1
500
10
5000
Available TimeStar Delays

2
3
4
5
1000
1500
2000
2500
11
12
13
14
5500
6000
6500
7000
6
3000
15
7500
7
3500
16
8000
8
4000
TimeStar Detonators
Length
[ft]
[m]
20
6.3
TimeStar Packaging & Resistance

Case Weight
Total
Case
[lb]
[kg]
Count
[]*
11
5
80
1.77
Wire
Configuration
Short Fold
Circuit Type
DC [Amps]
AC [Amps]
TimeStar Recommended Firing Current

Single
Single
Parallel
Detonator
Series
Series
0.5
1.5
1.5
0.5
2.0
2.0
Parallel
1.010.0/Detonator
1.010.0/Detonator
STORAGE
For more information and service locations

in your area, please contact Austin Powder
Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
For optimum accuracy, use within three years
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-0103067

damages.
Time Star.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Watergel Products
AUSTIN POWDER
Boos ter Sens itive Slurries
DESCRIPTION
Hydromite 415 and 416 are highly efficient watergels designed to deliver superior
performance in adverse conditions such as massive formations and problematic
toe situations in underground, surface mining, quarrying and construction work.
Hydromite 415 & 416 are among the best blasting agents on the market.
BENEFITS
Excellent resistance to dynamic precompression.
Utilization provides an opportunity for
expanded drill patterns, which may
minimize overall drilling and blasting
costs.
Develops excellent gas volume for
heave displacement.
Excellent water resistance in all
grades.
PROPERTIES
Product
Hydromite 415
Hydromite 416
* 6 confined
Density
[g/cc]
Fume
Class
RBS
Water
Resistance
1.20
1.20
1
1
128
152
Excellent
Excellent
VOD*
[ft/s]
18,000
19,000
[m/s]
5,490
5,790
PRIMING
face height.
Watergel Products
Cartridge
Style
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
WPP
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
3 x 9 lb
100 x 4.1 kg
3 x 9 lb
114 x 4.1 kg
4 x 20 lb
100 x 9.1 kg
4 x 25 lb
114 x 11.4 kg
5 x 30 lb
127 x 13.6 kg
6 x 40 lb
150 x 18.2 kg
7 x 50 lb
178 x 22.7 kg
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0332

EX-8907022

damages.
Watergel Products.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
Seismic
Product Information
Bulletins
2003 Seismic PIB Catalog
AUSTIN POWDER
PIB Title
Seismic PIB
Catalog Index
Catalog Page Numbers
DES Charge
1-2
DES SC
3-4
Enviroprime
5-6
Enviroseis
7-8
Seis-Gel
9-10
Seismex MH
11-12
13-14
SeismicStar ESP
15-16
3DStar
17-18
3DStar SSD
19-20
DES Charge
AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
DES Charges combine pentolites high velocity with high-density to achieve a
detonation pressure of 240 kb. Each DES Charge is designed to accept an
anchor point or top anchor wing. The DES has the longest sleep time of any
commercial explosive. The formulation ideally suits the requirements of mini-hole
as well as deep hole seismic exploration.
BENEFITS
,

explosives.
perchlorates.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
8,300
DES Charge
PACKAGING
Product
Name
90 gram
150 gram
250 gram
DES 16
DES 40
DES 80
DES kg
DES 1 kg
DES 2 kg
Cartridge
Weight
0.198 lb
90 g
.33 lb
150 g
0.55 lb
250 g
1 lb
454 g
2.5 lb
1.13 kg
5.5 lb
2.5 kg
1.10 lb
0.5 kg
2.20 lb
1 kg
4.40 lb
2 kg
Cartridge Size
[in]
[cm]
0.97 x 5.87
2.46 x 14.92
1.25 x 5.87
3.17 x 14.92
1.25 x 8.75
3.17 x 22.2
2.25 x 8.56
5.71 x 21.75
2.25 x 15.69
5.71 x 39.85
2.25 x 29.25
5.71 x 74.3
2.375 x 6.625
60 mm x 16.83
2.375 x 10.625
60mm x 27
2.375 x 21
60 mm x 53.34
Case
Count
180
120
80
50
20
10
40
20
10
Case Weight
[lb]
[kg]
36
16.3
39.5
17.9
44
20
52
23.6
52
23.6
57
25.8
21.5
47.4
21.5
47.4
21.5
47.4
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
DES.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
DES SC
AUSTIN POWDER

Shape Charges
DESCRIPTION
DES SC (Shape Charge) combines pentolites high velocity with high-density to
achieve a detonation pressure of 240 kb. Each DES SC is designed to accept an
anchor point or top anchor wing. The design of their conical shape creates an
intense concentrated force that focuses the energy output downward.
BENEFITS
,

explosives.
perchlorates.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
8,300
DES SC
PACKAGING
Cartridge Weight
[oz]
[g]
4
113
5
142
8
226
10
283
12
340
16
454
40
1100
Cartridge Size
[in]
[cm]
1.125 x 8
2.85 x 20.3
1.375 x 5.25
3.5 x 13.3
1.25 x 7
2.85 x 17.8
1.375 x 7
3.5 x 17.8
2 x 5.5
4.9 x 14
2 x 6.75
4.9 x 17.15
2 x 15.75
4.9 x 40
Case Count
125
60
60
60
28
50
25
Case Weight
[lb]
[kg]
33.5
15.2
21
9.5
32
13
40
18.2
23
9.5
50
23.6
64
29
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
DES SC.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Enviroprime
AUSTIN POWDER
Bioremediation Tec hnology
DESCRIPTION
Enviroprime offers the highest velocity of any commercially available explosive. The explosive
contains a microbial innoculant that effectively bioremediates TNT, PETN, RDX and HMX
explosives. When submerged in water for over one year, the microorganisms become active and
begin to consume the explosive matter.
BENEFITS
Anaerobic bacteria are provided in a time
release form, so that they are activated only
,
after at least one year in the subsurface
environment.
Microbial nutrients are added to provide
sufficient reducing power to degrade the
unexploded charge if needed, yet not
interfere with the explosive energy.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.6
Pressure
[kb]
240
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
27,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
8,300
Enviroprime
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Cartridge Size*
[in]
[mm]
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x 2 lb
*
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case
Count
50
20
10
40
20
10
Case
Weight
52 lb
52 lb
57 lb
21.5 kg
21.5 kg
21.5 kg
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0042

EX-1993030285

damages.
Enviroprime.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Enviroseis
AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
Enviroseis is a detonator sensitive, high viscosity explosive packaged in paper
shells or rigid plastic cartridges.
BENEFITS
, Predominate detonation by-products are

nitrogen.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.16
Temperature
Sensitivity
-20 F / -29 C
Pressure
[kb]
100
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
19,200
PRIMING
[m/s]
5,910
Enviroseis
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge
Plastic Cartridge*
Plastic Cartridge*
Plastic Cartridge*
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
*
27 x 1/8 kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x 1 kg
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x 2 lb
*
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case Count
Case Weight
160
80
40
20
50
20
10
40
20
10
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
50 lb
50 lb
50 lb
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
* 60 mm Plastic Cartridge has a threaded fast lock connector.
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177

damages.
Enviroseis.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
Seis-Gel
AUSTIN POWDER
60% High Veloc ity Seis mic Dynamite
DESCRIPTION
Seis-Gel is a high velocity, 60% seismic explosive. The special formulation of this
nitroglycerin based product assures reliable detonation after prolonged immersion
under high hydrostatic pressures. Seis-Gel is characterized by high velocity and
consistent performance under severe winter conditions or in hot, humid areas.
BENEFITS
Detonates consistently to produce a sharp
pulse of seismic energy.
,
Available in plastic threaded cartridges or

paper shell.
Ideal for deep hole work and prolonged
sleep time.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.5
Pressure
[kb]
115
Water
Resistance
Excellent
VOD
[ft/s]
20,000
PRIMING
[m/s]
6,100
Seis-Gel
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
*
51 x kg
*
51 x kg
*
51 x 1 kg
*
51 x 2 kg
2 x 1 lb
*
2 x2
*
lb
2 x 5 lb
*
*
60 x kg
*
60 x 1 kg
*
60 x 2 kg
Case
Count
80
40
20
10
50
Case
Weight
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
20 kg
50 lb
20
50 lb
10
40
20
10
50 lb
20 lb
20 lb
20 lb
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
Two years from date of manufacture under
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0081

EX-9303286

damages.
Seisgel.doc
[1/2/02 9/16/03]
[PM]
Seismex MH
AUSTIN POWDER
DESCRIPTION
Seismex MH is a detonator sensitive, high viscosity explosive packaged in paper
shells.
BENEFITS
,
Predominate detonation by-products are

nitrogen.
PROPERTIES
Density
[g/cc]
1.16
Temperature
Sensitivity
-20 F / -29 C
Pressure
[kb]
100
Water
Resistance
Excellent
PRIMING
VOD
[ft/s]
19,200
[m/s]
5,910
Seismex MH
PACKAGING
Cartridge
Style
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Paper Shell
Cartridge Size
[in]
[mm]
1 1/8 x lb
*
1 1/8 x 1/3 lb
*
1 1/8 x lb
*
Case Count
Case Weight
200
150
100
52 lb
52 lb
52 lb
STORAGE

headquarters:

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
storage conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0241

EX-9305177

damages.
Seismex MH.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
AUSTIN POWDER
The Indus trys Premium Line of Seis mic

Detonating Cord
DESCRIPTION
seismic industry. Detonating cord is used to initiate detonator sensitive seismic explosives.
Detonating cord is also used to provide a path of initiation for non-electric initiation. Detonating cord
has a core of PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate) encased in multiple polypropylene yarns, overextruded with a polyethylene jacket and high strength textile yarns.
BENEFITS
Ideally suited for use with 3-D Star SSD.
TYPICAL USES
Lite Line : Downline under all but the most severe conditions.
A-Cord : Small, medium and large hole downlines.
all conditions.
All detonating cords are available with FS (Flash Suppressant outer jacket) upon request.

Product Name*
Grain Load
[gr/ft]
[g/m]
Lite Line
15
3.2
A-Cord
25
5.3
50 Reinforced
50
10.6
Outside
Diameter
[in]
0.155 +/0.015
0.165 +/0.015
0.197 +/0.015
Tensile
Strength
[lb]
230
230
250
Case
Count
(2) 2000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
(2) 1000
Spools
Weight
[lb]
Color
30
Pink
22
Green
30
Yellow

headquarters:
STORAGE
SHELF LIFE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0065
EX-9303282

damages.
Seismic Detonating Cord.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
3-DStar
AUSTIN POWDER

DESCRIPTION
The 3-DStar detonator is specifically designed for the harsh conditions
for extended periods of time. 3-DStar electric detonators will initiate all
BENEFITS



amperes DC current.


time.

to 60 C.
0.8 mm high abrasion resistant, red PE

insulated wire.
3-DStar
Length
[m]
3
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
30
35
Ohms Resistance
[ ]
1.14
1.42
1.63
1.84
2.05
2.27
2.48
2.69
3.00
3.40
Case
Count
200
160
120
80
80
80
64
40
40
40
Case Weight
[kg]
11
17
11
15
18
21
13
16
19
20
Electrical Data
No Fire Current
0.45 amps
All Fire Current
2.00 amps
6.00 amps
No Fire Impulse
8 mJ/ohms
All Fire Impulse
16 mJ/ohms
20 kV/500 pF/100 mJ
Pin to Pin
10kV/500 pF/25mJ
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-9303277

damages.
3-D Star.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
3-DStar SSD
AUSTIN POWDER

DESCRIPTION
The 3-DStar SSD detonator is specifically designed for use with detonating
cord. The detonator is enclosed in a plastic block for ease of attachment to the
downline of detonating cord. The detonator is attached immediately prior to the
planned detonation.
BENEFITS

Plastic block for ease of assembly to detonating

cord.
Will accommodate detonating cord from 1 gm/m

to 50 gm/m.

High visibility red, polyethylene insulation for

added protection from extraneous currents.

to 60 C.
#20 gauge high abrasion resistant, red PE

insulated wire.
3-DStar SSD
Length
[m]
1.8
Ohms Resistance
[ ]
1.00
Case
Count
160
Case Weight
[kg]
10
Electrical Data
No Fire Current
0.45 amps
All Fire Current
2.00 amps
6.00 amps
No Fire Impulse
8 mJ/ohms
All Fire Impulse
16 mJ/ohms
20 kV/500 pF/100 mJ
Pin to Pin
10kV/500 pF/25mJ
STORAGE

Phone:
1-800-321-0752
Fax:
1-216-464-4418
SHELF LIFE
conditions.
UN CLASSIFICATION
ID Number: UN 0255
EX-9303277

damages.
3-D Star SSD.doc
[1/2/02 5/16/03]
[PM]
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
Material Safety Data

Sheets (MSDS)
2003 MSDS Catalog
MSDS
Catalog Index
AUSTIN POWDER
MSDS Name
Reference Number
Catalog Page Numbers
Ammonium Nitrate
A1
1-2
Austinite 15 and 30
B1
3-4
Austinite 15 HE Series
B2
5-6
Austinite WR Series
B3
7-8
Cast Boosters
P1
9-10
Coalmex 14E
E1
11-12
DES Pentolite Charges
P4
13-14
Detonating Cord
C1
15-16
Dynamite Series
D3
17-18
Electric and Non-Electric Detonators
ED1
19-20
Emulex Series
E3
21-22
Emutrench
E6
23-24
FS Seismic Detonating Cord
C2
25-26
Fuse Caps
ED3
27-28
Gelatin and Semi-Gelatin Dynamites
D2
29-30
HEET
E2
31-32
S5
33-34
Hydromite HE-25
S6
35-36
Hydromite
E4
37-38
Hydrox Bulk Emulsions
E5
39-40
OilStar Electric Detonators
ED2
41-42
Permissible Dynamite Series
D1
43-44
Red-E-Cusion
M1
45-46
Non-Incendive Sheathed Explosive Unit

(Rockbuster II)
D7
47-48
ShockStar Shock Tubing
C3
49-50
Slurmex
S4
51-52
AMMONIUM NITRATE
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
MSDS NO. A-1

Page 1 of 2
Issued by the Safety and Compliance Dept.
TRADE NAME AND SYNONYMS

Ammonium Nitrate Prills
AUSTIN POWDER COMPANY

25800 SCIENCE PARK DRIVE
CLEVELAND, OHIO 44122
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
SECTION II HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS

Ammonium Nitrate: NH4 NO3
SECTION III PHYSICAL DATA
BOILING POINT,
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O = 1)
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL. (%)
SOLUBILITY IN WATER:
APPEARANCE AND ODOR:
CAS No. 6484-52-2
356 F
(180 C )
o
1.73 @ 25 C
N/A
o
118.3 g/100cc @ 0 C
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg)

N/A
VAPOR DENSITY (Air = 1)
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
o
o
MELTING POINT:
169 C (336 F)
White to beige,
1/8" diameter prills. Odorless
DECOMPOSES AT 210 o C (410 oF)
SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA
FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA:
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES:
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS:
N/A
N/A
Large quantities of water.
Wear self contained breathing apparatus and fight fire only during initial
stages.
Flood melted or burning ammonium nitrate with large volumes of water. Do
not smother or confine fire or explosion may result. Do not fight fire in
advanced stages. Evacuate to a safe distance.
SECTION V HEALTH HAZARD DATA

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE:
ACGIH: None
OSHA : None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Acute: Ingestion of large amounts may cause cyanosis, nausea, collapse,
vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing, coma, convulsions, and death may occur.
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES:
Eyes:
Slight irritant.
Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
Skin:
Slight irritant.
Wash with mild soap and water.
AMMONIUM NITRATE
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. A-1
Page 2 of 2
SECTION VI REACTIVITY DATA
STABILITY: Stable under normal conditions. May explode when subjected to fire or the shock of an adjacent detonation,
especially when confined and in large quantities.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid contamination with oxidizable materials.

Alkaline contamination may liberate ammonia fumes.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS:

Gaseous nitrogen oxides and ammonia.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION WILL NOT OCCUR.
SECTION VII SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Sweep up and dispose of all spilled
material immediately. Do not permit smoking or open flames near spill site.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIES involving spills, leaks, fires or exposures in the United States:
CALL CHEMTREC for emergencies only: 1-800-424-9300. For calls originating outside the U. S. dial the
U. S. access number followed by: 1-703-527-3887. All calls are recorded.
SECTION VIII SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION:
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION:
Not required under normal conditions.
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Not required for normal conditions. Slight skin irritant.
EYE PROTECTION:
Not required under normal conditions. Slight eye irritant.
SECTION IX SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 4 WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS AS ADOPTED BY
THE INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES.
TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND USE MUST COMPLY WITH OSHA SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
29CFR1910.109, APPLICABLE MSHA REGULATIONS, THE DOT AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS
BATF REQUIREMENTS AND STATE AND LOCAL TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND USE REGULATIONS AND
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizers, 5.1, UN2067 (or UN1942), PG II
This product should be kept dry and the oldest material used first.
None of the components are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs, Group 1, 2A or 2B as known, probable, or possible carcinogens,
nor are they listed in the NTP annual report on carcinogens.
AUSTINITE 15 AND 30
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. B-1
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

Ammonium Nitrate-Fuel Oil Mixture, ANFO

CAS No. 6484-52-2
(92 to 97%)
Fuel Oil: Combustible Liquid,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(3 to 8%)
The mixture is classified by DOT as a Blasting Agent Type B or Blasting Explosive, Type B.
BOILING POINT,
349 (0F)
176 (0C)
0.85 to 1.10
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL. (%) Approx. 6
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: NH4NO3 118.3 g/100cc @ 00 C
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Granular beige-white, pink or
orange ( Canada), material with hydrocarbon ( fuel oil) odor.

0.4 @ 680F
4.7
EVAPORATION RATE: (Water=1) Slower

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Fuel Oil
1250F Minimum P.M.
Fuel Oil
Lower 0.7% Upper 5.0%
See below.
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to burn itself
out. Avoid toxic fumes from fire.
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: May explode when subjected to fire or shock, especially when confined and in
large quantities.

ACGIH: Ammonium Nitrate - None Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3

OSHA : Ammonium Nitrate - None Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3
vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, coma, convulsions, and death may occur.
Eyes:
Slight irritant.
Flush with large amounts of water.
Skin:
Slight irritant.
AUSTINITE 15 AND 30
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. B-1
Page 2 of 2
STABILITY: Stable under normal conditions. May explode when subjected to fire or shock, especially when confined and in
large quantities.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid all contamination, especially peroxides and chlorates.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides: Toxic decomposition
products including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate to off blast-site areas.

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Uncontaminated material may be placed in large diameter boreholes and detonated so that
the energy is utilized as originally intended. This material may become a hazardous waste under certain conditions. Call Austin
Powder for recommendations and assistance. It must be collected, labeled and disposed of under direct supervision of a qualified
person according to local, state and federal regulations.
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

29CFR1910.109, APPLICABLE MSHA REGULATIONS, THE DOT AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS,
ORDINANCES.
DOT proper shipping description for Domestic transportation: Ammonium Nitrate-Fuel Oil Mixture, 1.5D, NA0331, PG II.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description for Domestic or International transportation: Explosive, Blasting, Type B or Agent,
Blasting, Type B, 1.5D, UN0331, PG II. Exemption DOT-E11156 authorizes shipment of multi-wall, stitch top closure, water resistant bags.
This product should be kept dry and the oldest material used first. Use only proper primers. Avoid wet holes and inadequate
confinement. If these restrictions are observed, the formation of toxic fumes from detonation will be minimized.
AUSTINITE 15 HE SERIES
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. B-2
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

HE-1 Through HE-12
Aluminized ANFO

Aluminum: AL,
CAS No. 6484-52-2

CAS No. 68476-30-2
CAS No. 7429-90-5
(80-96%)
(3-8%)
(1-12%)

BOILING POINT,
Oil 349 (F0) 176 (C0)
0.4 @ 680F
0.85 to 1.00
VAPOR DENSITY (Air=1)
4.7
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL. (%) Approx. 6
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: NH4NO3 118.3 g/100cc @ 00C
White prills or granules with coarse gun metal grey particles. Hydrocarbon (fuel oil) odor is
noticeable.
.

FLASH POINT: Fuel Oil 1250F Minimum P.M.
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Fuel Oil
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: See below.
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to burn itself out.
Avoid toxic fumes from fire.
large quantities.

ACGIH: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3 , Al metal & oxide, 10 MG/M3

OSHA : Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Al metal & oxide, none
Eyes:
Slight irritant. Flush with large amounts of water.
Skin:
Slight irritant. Wash with mild soap and water.
AUSTINITE 15 HE SERIES
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. B-2
Page 2 of 2
large quantities.
Gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides: Toxic decomposition


VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:


ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosive, Blasting, Type B, or Agent, Blasting, Type B,
1.5D, UN0331, PG II
This product should be kept dry and the oldest material used first. Use only proper primers. Avoid wet holes and inadequate
confinement. If these restrictions are observed, the formation of toxic fumes from detonation will be minimized.
AUSTINITE WR SERIES
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. B-3
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

Austinite WR 300
Water Resistant ANFO

Guar Gum
CAS No. 6484-52-2
(86 to 94%)
CAS No. 68476-30-2

CAS No. 9000-30-0
(2 to 6%)
(3 to 8%)
BOILING POINT,
Oil 349 (F0) 176 (C0)
0.4 @ 680F
0.85 to 1.10
VAPOR DENSITY (Air=1) 4.7
2 to 5
0
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: NH4NO3 118.3 g/100cc @ 0 C Although in excess of 80% of the materials are readily soluble in
water, the Austinite WR Series provides good water resistance.
Granular grey to black material with hydrocarbon (fuel oil) odor.
.

FLASH POINT: Fuel Oil 1250 F Minimum P.M.
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Fuel Oil
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: See below.
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to burn itself out.
large quantities.

ACGIH: Ammonium Nitrate-None. Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3

OSHA : Ammonium Nitrate-None. Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3
Eyes:
Slight irritant. Flush with large amounts of water.
Skin:
Slight irritant. Wash with mild soap and water.
AUSTINITE WR SERIES
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. B-3
Page 2 of 2
large quantities.
Gaseous nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, sulfur oxides

and hydrogen sulfide: Toxic decomposition products including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate to off blast-site areas.

VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:


ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosive, Blasting, Type B, or Agent, Blasting, Type B,
1.5D, UN0331, PG II
This product should be kept dry and the oldest material used first. Use only proper primers. Use in dewatered blast holes. Avoid
inadequate confinement. If these restrictions are observed, the formation of toxic fumes from detonation will be minimized.
Before blasting near inhabited buildings contact an Austin Powder Technical Representative.
CAST BOOSTERS
DATE FEBRUARY 2002
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. P-1

PAGE 1 of 2

ACP Boosters: Orange Cap, Red Cap, Black Cap, Brown Cap,
Green Cap, Purple Cap, White Cap, Gray Cap, etc.
NDS Boosters, ADP Boosters, Gold Nugget, Silver Nugget, Diamond
Nugget, DES SERIES, DES Pentolite Charges, Rock Crushers, 60 Gram,
90 Gram,150 Gram, DES Shaped Charges, Prime Gel*, Renforcatuers,
HDP 150, HDP 400, HDP 400LP, HDP 450, Doubledet, Ringprime and
Snow Launcher, Hornet Series, Enviroprime Series.

Formulated with TNT and an explosive sensitizer such as PETN, RDX and/or HMX.
TNT, Trinitrotoluene, C7H5N3O6,
CAS No. 118-96-7 30% to 80% TNT
PETN, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, C5H8N4O12,
CAS No. 78-11-5 20% to 70% PETN, RDX, and/or HMX.
HMX, Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine, Octogen, C4H8N8O8, CAS No. 261-41-0
RDX, Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, Cyclonite, C3H6N6O6,
CAS No. 121-82-4
Aluminum, AL
CAS No. 7429-90-5 0% to 20% Aluminum
Pentolite is a 50/50 mixture of PETN and TNT.
CAS No. 8066-33-9

BOILING POINT
Decomposes
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Negligible at 20C
1.65
VAPOR DENSITY (Air = 1) N/A
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
0.15%
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Solid yellow-buff cast crystalline material. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately . Allow fire to
burn itself out. Avoid toxic fumes from fire.
May explode when subjected to fire or shock.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH: TNT-Skin, 0.1 MG/M3 PETN-None
RDX-Skin, 1.5 MG/M3 AL-10MG/M3
OSHA : TNT-Skin, 1.5 MG/M3 PETN-None
RDX-None
AL-15MG/M3
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: TNT ingestion may cause headache, weakness, anemia, or liver damage. Excessive skin
contact may
cause dermatitis and sensitization. PETN is a vasodilator. Ingestion of RDX may cause nervous system disorders or epiliptiform seizures.
FUMES:
Remove to fresh air.
IF INGESTED: Obtain medical attention immediately.
CAST BOOSTERS
DATE FEBRUARY 2002

MSDS NO. P-1
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: Stable under normal conditions. May explode when subjected to fire shock or friction.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid contact with strong acids or alkalies.
Do not exceed 150F (66C).
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides: Toxic decomposition products
including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate to off blast-site areas.

STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Sweep up and dispose of all spilled material
immediately. Do not permit smoking or open flames near spill site.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person according to local, state and federal regulations.
Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance. This material may become a hazardous waste under certain conditions and must be
collected, labeled and disposed of per state and federal hazardous waste regulations.
CALL CHEMTREC for emergencies only: 1-800-424-9300. For calls originating outside the U. S. dial the U. S. access
number followed by: 1-703-527-3887. All calls are recorded.
SECTION VIII SPECIAL PROTECTION
INFORMATION:
Avoid breathing fumes from detonation.
VENTILATION:
Not required for normal handling of boosters.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 4 WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS AS ADOPTED BY THE
INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES.
BATF REQUIREMENTS AND STATE AND LOCAL TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND USE REGULATIONS AND ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Boosters, Without Detonator, 1.1D, UN 0042, PG II
None of the components are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs, Group 1, 2A, or 2B as a known, probable or possible carcinogen, nor are they
listed in the NTP annual report on carcinogens.
The Enviroprime Series contains 4 to 7 % of a bioremediation inoculant consisting of natural food products and a trace of a naturally occurring
non-pathogenic bacterium.
*Prime Gel contains both a Cast Booster and Hydromite. Also see the Hydromite MSDS.
COALMEX 14 E
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. E-1
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
Coalmex 14 E (Permissible Emulsion)

Red-D Lite
AXE 129
Enviroseis Surface
Note: Enviroseis Surface includes a continuous
length of Detonating Cord. See Detonating Cord
MSDS.

Ammonium Nitrate: NH4 NO3,
CAS No. 6484-52-2
(60 - 90%)
Sodium Nitrate, NaNO3,
CAS No. 7631-99-4
(6 - 15%)
EDDN: Ethylenediamine Dinitrate, C2H10N4 O6,
CAS No. 505-71-5
(0 - 10%)
Petroleum Hydrocarbons,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(3 - 9%)
An emulsified water in oil mixture of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, mineral oil, emulsifiers, EDDN and hollow microspheres.
:

BOILING POINT
None
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Less than 0.1
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O = 1) 1.1 to 1.2
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL. (%) N/A
EVAPORATION RATE: N/A
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Although in excess of 80% of the materials are readily soluble in water, the products have
excellent water resistance for long periods of time.
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Semi-solid cohesive material. Negligible odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Mineral oil, 4510F.

Not available
See below.
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to burn
itself out.
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: May explode when subjected to fire or shock, especially when confined and
in large quantities. Avoid toxic fumes from fires.

ACGIH: NH4 NO3 - None, EDDN - None

OSHA: NH4 NO3 - None, EDDN - None
Eyes: Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Skin: Wash with mild soap and water.
COALMEX 14 E
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. E-1
Page 2 of 2
large quantities. Avoid temperatures above 2120F.
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Pick up and dispose of all spilled
the explosive energy is utilized as originally intended. Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person according to local,
state and federal regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
Ventilate storage magazine.
VENTILATION:
Avoid skin contact. Wear impervious gloves when handling
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
material.
EYE PROTECTION:
Safety glasses.
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosives, Blasting, Type E, 1.1D, UN0241, PG II
Calmex 14E is approved for use as a Permissible Explosive by the USDL and MSHA when used in conformance with the
requirements of 30 CFR 15.
This material may become a hazardous waste under certain conditions and must be collected, labeled and disposed of per state and
federal hazardous waste regulations.
DES PENTOLITE CHARGES

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. P-4

PAGE 1 of 2
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
DES series, DES Shaped Charges,

Seismic Directional Energy System

TNT, Trinitrotoluene, C7H5N3O6,
PETN, Pentaerythritoltetranitrate, C5H8N4O12,
Pentolite is a mixture of PETN and TNT.
CAS No. 118-96-7 (40% to 50%)

CAS No. 78-11-5 (50% to 60%)
CAS No. 8066-33-9 (50/50)

BOILING POINT
Decomposes
1.65
0.15%
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Negligible at 20 oC

N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Solid yellow-buff cast crystalline material. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below
Do not fight fire. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to burn
itself out.
May explode when subjected to fire or shock. Avoid toxic fumes from
fire.

ACGIH: TNT - Skin, 0.1 MG/M3, PETN - None

OSHA: TNT - Skin, 1.5 MG/M3, PETN - None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: TNT ingestion may cause headache, weakness, anemia, or liver damage. Excessive skin
contact may cause dermatitis and sensitization. PETN is a vasodilator.
FUMES:
DES PENTOLITE CHARGES

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. P-4
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: Stable under normal conditions. May explode when subjected to fire, shock, or friction.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID):
Avoid contact with strong acids or alkalies.
Do not exceed 150F (66C).

INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required for normal handling of boosters.

DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Boosters without Detonator, 1.1D, UN0042, PG II
None of the components are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs, Group 1, 2A or 2B as known, probable, or possible carcinogens, nor are they
DETONATING CORD
DATE FEBRUARY 2002
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. C-1

PAGE 1 of 2

Lite Line, Scotch Cord, A-Cord, Tuff-Kote, No. 40, No. 50
No. 60, etc. Seismic Detonating Cord, Slide Line Series, Heavy Duty
Series, Cordeau Detonant Fuse, Cord, Detonating, Flexible, Fine Line,
Trim Line, Special 18, Special 25 and Special 50.

PETN, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, C5H8N4O12,
CAS No. 78-11-5

BOILING POINT
N/A
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Negligible at 200C
1.76
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
Negligible
Flexible cord with an explosive core of PETN protected within a textile casing covered by a
seamless polyethylene jacket. PETN is a white crystalline solid. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
SPECIAL FIREFIGHTING PROCEDURES:
N/A
N/A
See below
Do not fight fire. Withdraw personnel immediately . Allow fire to burn
itself out.

May explode when subjected to fire or shock. Avoid toxic fumes from
fire.

ACGIH: PETN-None
OSHA : PETN-None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Ingestion of PETN may cause headache and nausea. PETN is a vasodilator and produces
blood vessels.
FUMES:
dilation of
DETONATING CORD
DATE FEBRUARY 2002
MSDS NO. C-1
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: Stable under normal conditions. May explode when subjected to fire or shock.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATON WILL NOT OCCUR.

INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
Not required except to prevent abrasive injuries.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 4 WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS" AS ADOPTED BY THE
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Cord, Detonating, Flexible, 1.1D, UN0065, PG II
May be offered for transportation domestically and transported as Cord, Detonating (UN 0289), Division 1.4 compatibility
group D (1.4D) Explosives, if the explosive content does not exceed 100 grains per linear foot (21.3 grams per meter) and the gross weight of all
packages of detonating cord does not exceed (45 KG) 99 pounds per vehicle. See 49 CFR 173.63
The maximum recommended temperature for detonating cord is 1600F (710C). None of the components are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs,
Group 1, 2A or 2B as known, probable, or possible carcinogens, nor are they listed in the NTP annual report on carcinogens.
DYNAMITE SERIES
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. D-3
Page 1 0F 2
Extra Dynamite Series
AXD 500 Series
Red-E Split Series

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

NG, C3H5O3 (NO2)3,
Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate, EGDN, C2H4O2 (NO2)2,
Ammonium Nitrate, AN, NH4NO3,
Nitroglycerin,
CAS No. 55-63-0,
2-15%
CAS No. 628-96-6
7-40%
CAS No. 6484-52-2,
0-70%

BOILING POINT
None
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) 0.038-0.050
EXPLOSION POINT: 237oF
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Salts are soluble in water, but the nitric esters (NG and EGDN) are only slightly soluble.
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A mixture of absorbants, white oxidizing salts. Tan color with white granules. Slightly sweet odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
burn itself out.
from fire.
Not Available
Not Available
See below
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow fire to
May explode when subjected to fire or shock. Avoid toxic fumes

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH TWA: NG 0.05 PPM*, EGDN; 0.05 PPM*, AN; None
Skin
OSHA: NG CEILING; 0.2 PPM*, EGDN CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 1 MG/M3*, AN; None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Ingestion, inhalation or absorption through skin contact may cause headache, nausea, blood
vessel dilation, vomiting and convulsions. In extreme cases, death may result.
EYES: Slight irritant. Hold eyelid open and flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes.
SKIN: Slight irritant. Absorbs through skin. Wash with mild soap and water.
INGESTION: Consult a physician if persistent headaches or chest pains develop. The nitric esters are coronary vasodilators.
DYNAMITE SERIES
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. D-3
Page 2 0F 2
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid all contamination especially acids or alkalies, peroxides
and chlorates. Do not exceed 1500F ( 660C).

material immediately using non-sparking tools. Do not permit smoking or open flames near spill site.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person according to local, state and
federal regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance. This material may become a hazardous waste under
certain conditions and must be collected, labeled and disposed of per state and federal hazardous waste regulations.
SECTION VIII SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
WARNING:

Ventilate magazines before entering.
Wear absorbent cotton gloves.
Minimize inhalation and skin contact. Prevent contact
with food, and chewing or smoking materials.

ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosive, Blasting, Type A, 1.1D, UN0081, PG II.
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
ELECTRIC DETONATORS
NON-ELECTRIC DETONATORS
Austin Star Detonator Company
Cantu Road
Brownsville, TX 78520
901
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. ED-1

PAGE 1 of 2
Coal* Star, Rock* Star, Time* Star, Coal Mine Delays,

Seismic* Star, Twin* Star Detonators, 3-D Star, Seismic
Detonators and Shock*Star; In-Hole Delays, Surface Delay
Connectors, Quick-Relay Connectors, Dual Delays, Shorty
STD (Shock Tube with Detonators) and MS Connector.
Electric Blasting Caps

Explosive components are PETN (possibly TNT) and lead compounds sealed in a metal shell.
PETN, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate,
CAS No. 78-11-5
Lead Azide, Pb (N3)2
CAS No. 13424-46-9
Lead Styphnate, Lead Trinitroresorcinate, C6H3N3O9Pb
CAS No. 15245-44-0
TNT, Trinitrotoluene, C7H5N3O6
CAS No. 118-96-7 (May be included in some detonators)

BOILING POINT
N/A
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) N/A
N/A
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
Insoluble
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Aluminum or copper shells with attached PVC or polyethylene coated copper or iron leg wires. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below
itself out.
May explode when subjected to flame, heat, impact, friction, electric
current, electrostatic or radio frequency energy. Do not exceed 150F
(66C). Avoid toxic fumes from fire.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH: 0.05 mg/M3 TWA, lead, elemental, and inorganic compounds, as Pb.
OSHA : 50 g/M3 PEL as Pb. For additional information, see 29 CFR 1910.1025
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: None likely when safe blasting practices are employed.
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES: Improper handling or misuse may cause detonation resulting in injuries from shrapnel. Lead
and lead compounds are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs as possible human carcinogens (Group 2B). Lead is not listed in the NTP annual
report on carcinogens.

901 Cantu Road
ELECTRIC DETONATORS
NON ELECTRIC DETONATORS
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. ED-1
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: May explode when subjected to flame, heat, impact, friction, electric currents, electrostatic or radio frequency
energy. Avoid static charge build up. Keep lead wires shunted until wiring into circuit.
Avoid contact with acids or alkalies.

Gaseous nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and lead fumes.
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Pick up containers or units by hand. Avoid
conditions affecting stability. DO NOT use damaged detonators.
TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIES involving spills, leaks, fires, or exposures in the United States:
INFORMATION:
Not required.
VENTILATION:
Not required.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Not required.
EYE PROTECTION:
THESE DETONATORS MAY BE SHIPPED UNDER ONE OF THE FOLLOWING DOT CLASSIFICATIONS:
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description:
Detonators, Electric, 1.4B, UN0255, PGII
Detonators, Electric, 1.1B, UN0030, PGII
Detonator Assemblies, Non-Electric, 1.1B, UN0360, PGII
Detonator Assemblies, Non-Electric,1.4B, UN0361, PGII
Articles, explosive, n.o.s. 1.4S, UN0349, PGII
Consult IME Safety Library Publication No. 20, SAFETY GUIDE FOR THE PREVENTION OF RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION
HAZARDS IN THE USE OF COMMERCIAL ELECTRIC DETONATORS, and Publication No. 22, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SAFE
TRANSPORTATION OF DETONATORS IN A VEHICLE WITH CERTAIN OTHER EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS AND THE GUIDE FOR
THE USE OF THE IME 22 CONTAINER.
EMULEX SERIES
SECTION I
DATE FEBRUARY 21, 2002

MSDS NO. E-3

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
Page 1 of 2

Seismex MH
Red-D Prime
Emulex 500, 700 & 900 Series
Enviroseis Emulsions
AXE 100 Series
Emuline
AXE 500 Series
Pyroline
Primegel
Emuseis
Emuline and Pyroline are Emulex Products that incorporate a continuous length
of Detonating Cord. See MSDS. Primegel contains a Cast Booster. See
MSDS. Emuseis products are packaged in threaded plastic tubes.

CAS No. 6484-52-2, (60 - 90%)
CAS No. 7631-99-4, (0 - 17%)
(3 to 9%)
Aluminum, Al,
CAS No. 7429-90-5, (0 to 10%)
An emulsified water in oil mixture of ammonium nitrate, mineral oil, and emulsifiers.

BOILING POINT
N/A
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
excellent water resistance.
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Viscous emulsion. If aluminum is present, gray metal particles will be visible. Slight
odor of oil.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Oil 1140C (PMCC)

Not available
See below.
itself out.
in large quantities.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH: Oil Mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3
OSHA: Oil Mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 15 MG/M3
Eyes: Slight irritant. Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Skin: Slight irritant. Wash with mild soap and water.
EMULEX SERIES
DATE FEBRUARY 21, 2002 MSDS NO. E-3

Page 2 of 2
large quantities. Avoid temperatures above 2120F, (1000C).
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Uncontaminated material may be placed in large diameter boreholes and detonated so
that the explosive energy is utilized as originally intended. Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person
according to local, state and federal regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
U. S. access number followed by: 1-703-527-3887. All calls are recorded..
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Slight skin irritant.
Slight eye irritant.
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosives, Blasting, Type E, 1.1D, UN0241, PG II.
EMUTRENCH
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. E-6

Page 1 of 2
Emutrench

CAS No. 6484-52-2
(60 - 90%)
CAS No. 7631-99-4
(6 - 15%)
EDDN: Ethylenediamine Dinitrate, C2H10N4 O6,
CAS No. 505-71-5
(0 - 10%)
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(3 - 9%)
Aluminum,
CAS No. 7429-90-5
(2 - 10%)
An emulsified water in oil mixture of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, petroleum hydrocarbons, emulsifiers, EDDN, aluminum and
hollow microspheres.

BOILING POINT
None
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Less than 0.1
VAPOR DENSITY (Air=1) N/A
VAPORATION RATE: N/A
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Although in excess of 80% of the materials are readily soluble in water, the product has
excellent water resistance for long periods of time.
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Semi-solid cohesive material. Negligible odor. Grayish white color.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Mineral oil, 4510F.

Not available
See below.
itself out.
in large quantities. Avoid toxic fumes from fires.

ACGIH: NH4 NO3 - None, EDDN - None, Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3
OSHA: NH4 NO3 - None, EDDN - None, Aluminum metal dust, 15 MG/M3
Eyes: Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Skin: Wash with mild soap and water. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.
EMUTRENCH
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. E-6

Page 2 of 2
CALL CHEMTREC for emergencies only: 1-800-424-9300. For calls originating outside the U.S. dial the
VENTILATION:
Ventilate storage magazine.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Avoid skin contact. Wear impervious gloves when handling
material.
EYE PROTECTION:
Safety glasses.
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosives, Blasting, Type E, 1.1D, UN0241, PG II.
FS SEISMIC DETONATING CORD

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. C-2

PAGE 1 of 2
FS Seismic
Cordeau Detonate Fuse
Cord, Detonating, Flexible

PETN, Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, C5H8N4O12
PVC: Polyvinylchloride, C2H3CI,
CAS No. 78-11-5

CAS No. 9002-86-2

BOILING POINT
N/A
1.76
None
Negligible
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) Negligible

N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A

Flexible cord with an explosive core of PETN protected within a textile casing covered
by a seamless polyvinylchloride jacket. PETN is a white crystalline solid. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below
itself out.

May explode when subjected to fire, heat or shock. Avoid toxic fumes
from fire.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH: PETN-None
PVC - None
OSHA: PETN-None
PVC - None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Ingestion of PETN may cause headache and nausea. PETN is a vasodilator and produces
dilation of blood vessels.
FUMES:
FS SEISMIC DETONATING CORD

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. C-2
PAGE 2 OF 2
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides. The PVC resin will also liberate
hydrogen chloride. Toxic decomposition products including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate to off blast-site areas.

material
regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance. This material may become a hazardous waste
and must be collected, labeled and disposed of per state and federal hazardous waste regulations.
federal
under certain conditions
INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required except to prevent abrasive injuries.

COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 4 WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONSAS ADOPTED BY THE
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Cord, Detonating, Flexible 1.1D, UN0065, PG II.
May be offered for transportation domestically and transported as Cord, Detonating (UN 0289), Division 1.4 compatibility
group D (1.4D) Explosives, if the explosive content does not exceed 100 grains per linear foot (21.3grams per meter)and the gross weight of all
packages of detonating cord does not exceed (45 KG) 99 pounds per vehicle. See 49 CFR 173.63
The maximum recommended temperature for detonating cord is 1600F (710C).
listed in the NTP annual report on carcinogens
FUSE CAPS
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. ED-3

PAGE 1 of 2
FUSE CAPS NO. 6, NO. 8

Non-Electric Caps

All explosive components are sealed in a metal shell.
PETN, Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate,
Lead Azide, Pb (N3)2,
TNT, Trinitrotoluene, C7H5N306
CAS No. 78-11-5

CAS No. 13424-46-9
CAS No. 15245-44
CAS No. 118-96-7 (May be included in some Detonators)

BOILING POINT
N/A
N/A
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
Insoluble
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Aluminum or copper shells. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below
Do not fight fire. Withdraw personnel immediately . Allow fire to burn
itself out.
current or electrostatic energy. Do not exceed 150F (66C). Avoid
toxic fumes from fire.

ACGIH: 0.05 MG/M3, TWA, lead, elemental, and inorganic compounds as Pb.
OSHA : 50 G/M3 PEL as Pb. For additional information, see 29 CFR 1910.1025
OSHA: 1.5 MG/M3 TNT-Skin ACGIH: 0.5 MG/M3 TNT-Skin
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: None likely when safe blasting practices are employed.
FUSE CAPS
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001 MSDS NO. ED-3
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: May explode when subjected to flame, heat, impact, friction, electric currents or electrostatic energy.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): DO NOT exceed 150F (66C). Avoid contact with acids or alkalies.
Gaseous Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Oxides, and lead fumes.
INFORMATION:
Not required.
VENTILATION:
Not required.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Not required.
EYE PROTECTION:
DOT CLASSIFICATION:
IMO HAZARD CLASS:
Detonators, Non-Electric, 1.4B PGII
UN NUMBER; 0267
1.4B
Detonators, Non-Electric, 1.1D PGII
UN NUMBER; 0029
1.1D
Consult IME Safety Library Publication No. 22, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SAFE TRANSPORTATION OF DETONATORS IN A
VEHICLE WITH CERTAIN OTHER EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS AND THE GUIDE FOR THE USE OF THE IME 22 CONTAINER.
GELATIN AND SEMI-GELATIN DYNAMITES

SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. D-2
Page 1 0F 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

Extra Gelatin Series
Apcogel Series
60% Seis Gel
HELIX PNG 80
AL Series
HELIX PNG 90

NG, C3H5O3 (NO2)3,
Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate, EGDN, C2H4O2 (NO2)2
Nitroglycerin,
CAS No. 55-63-0, 3-15%

CAS No. 628-96-6 11-50%
CAS No. 6484-52-2, 0-40%

BOILING POINT
None
EXPLOSION POINT: 2370F
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A mixture of absorbants, white oxidizing salts. Tan color with white granules. Slightly sweet odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Allow fire to burn itself out.
fumes from fire.
Not Available
Not Available
See below
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately.
May explode when subjected to fire or shock. Avoid toxic

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH TWA: NG; 0.05 PPM*, EGDN; 0.05PPM*, AN; None
* Skin
OSHA: NG CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 2 MG/M3*, EGDN CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 1 MG/M3*, AN; None
vessel dilation, vomiting and convulsions. In extreme cases, death may occur.
EYES: Slight irritant. Hold eye lid open and flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes.
GELATIN AND SEMI-GELATIN DYNAMITE

DATE AUGUST 2001
MSDS NO. D-2
Page 2 0F 2
and chlorates. DO NOT exceed 1500F ( 660C).

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person according to local, state and federal
regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance. This material may become a hazardous waste under certain
conditions and must be collected, labeled and disposed of per state and federal hazardous waste regulations.
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
WARNING:

Minimize inhalation and skin contact. Prevent contact
with food, and chewing or smoking materials.

ORDINANCES.
HEET
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. E-2
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
HEET 10 SERIES
HEET 100 SERIES
Examples: HEET 30
HEET 130
HEET 50
HEET 15

CAS No. 6484-52-2
(70 - 90%)
Fuel Oil/Mineral Oil Blend,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(3 - 9%)
Aluminum: Al,
CAS No. 7429-90-5
(0 - 12%)
A blend of ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) and an emulsified mixture of ammonium nitrate solution, fuel oil, mineral oil and
polymeric surfactant (emulsifier). May also contain aluminum.

BOILING POINT,
Oil 3200F, 1600C,
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) 0.4 at 680F
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A blend of ANFO (round white to tan granules) and a white to light tan colored thick cream. Slight
odor of fuel oil. If aluminum is present, gray metal particles will be visible.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Oils, 1250F Minimum PMCC

Not available
See below.
itself out.

ACGIH: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3
OSHA:
Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3,Aluminum metal dust, 15 MG/M3
HEET
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. E-2
Page 2 of 2
large quantities.
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:


ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosive, Blasting, Type E, 1.5D, UN0332, PG II
HYDROMITE 400 SERIES

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. S-5
Page 1 of 2
SECTION I

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
SECTION II
Hydromite 415
Hydromite 415 AW (All Weather)
Hydromite 415 B (Bulk)
Hydromite 415 BAW (Bulk, All Weather)
Hydromite 415 AWS
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS

Hexamine, Hexamethylenetetramine, HMT, C6H12N4
Nitric Acid, HNO3,
Ammonium Perchlorate, NH4 C104
Sodium Perchlorate, NaC104,
Aluminum, Al,
Ethylene Glycol, C2H6O2,
Only all weather formulations will contain perchlorates.
SECTION III
Hydromite 415 AWS 5

Hydromite 415 AWS 10
Hydromite 416
Hydromite 416 AW
Hydromite 416 AW 4
CAS No. 6484-52-2

CAS No. 100-97-0
CAS No 7697-37-2
CAS No. 7790-98-9
CAS No. 7601-89-0
CAS No. 7429-90-5
CAS No. 107211
60 to 80%
4 to 15%
2 to 10%
0 to 5%
0 to 5%
0 to 15%
0 to 2%
PHYSICAL DATA
BOILING POINT,
N/A
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O = 1) 1.15-1.20
N/A
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Although in excess of 90 % of the materials are readily soluble in water, the gel structure provides
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A white, gelled material containing prills or granules of ammonium nitrate.
SECTION IV
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA
FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below.
out.
large quantities.
SECTION V
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACGIH: HNO3: 2 PPM, Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3
OSHA: HNO3: 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 15 MG/M3
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Acute: Ingestion of large amounts may cause cyanosis, nausea, collapse, methemoglobinemia,
HYDROMITE 400 SERIES

SECTION VI
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. S-5
Page 2 of 2
REACTIVITY DATA
large quantities. Avoid temperatures above 2120 F, (1000 C ).
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid all contamination, especially amines, strong alkalines, acids,
peroxides, and chlorates. Alkaline contamination may liberate ammonia fumes.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Gaseous Nitrogen Oxides and Carbon Oxides: Toxic decomposition
products including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate underground to off blast-site areas.

SECTION VII
SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Uncontaminated material may be placed in large diameter boreholes and detonated so
that the explosive energy is utilized as originally intended. Dispose of under direct supervision of a qualified person according to
local, state and federal regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
SECTION VIII
SPECIAL PROTECTON INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
SECTION IX

Maintain adequate ventilation.
Slight skin irritant. Avoid skin contact. Wear protective
gloves when handling material.
Slight eye irritant. Wear safety glasses.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
ORDINANCES.
HYDROMITE HE-25
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
MSDS NO. S-6

Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
Hydromite

Sodium Nitrate: Na NO3,
Aluminum: Al,
Petroleum Hydrocarbon,
CAS No. 6484-52-2

CAS No. 7631-99-4
CAS No. 7429-90-5,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(40 - 60%)
(5 - 15%)
(20 - 30%)
(3 - 9%)

BOILING POINT,
N/A
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O = 1) 1.40-1.45
N/A
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Although in excess of 70% of the materials are readily soluble in water, the gel structure provides
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A gray, gelled material containing prills or granules of ammonium nitrate.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below.
itself out.

ACGIH: Aluminum metal dust: 10MG/M3

OSHA:
Aluminum metal dust: 15MG/M3
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Acute: Ingestion of large amounts may cause cyanosis, nausea, collapse, vomiting, abdominal
pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing. Coma, convulsions, and death may occur.
Eyes: Slight irritant. Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, and consult a physician.
HYDROMITE HE-25
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. S-6

Page 2 of 2
large quantities.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid all contamination, especially peroxides. Alkaline
contamination may liberate ammonia fumes.
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required under normal conditions. Slight skin irritant.

COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO. 4 WARNING AND INSTRUCTIONS AS ADOPTED BY
ORDINANCES.
HYDROMITE EMULSIONS
SECTION I
DATE DECEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. E-4
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407


CAS No. 6484-52-2
(65 - 90%)
Fuel Oil/ Mineral Oil Blend,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
(3 - 9%)
Aluminum: Al,
CAS No. 7429-90-5,
(0 - 10%)
Polymeric Surfactant
Not Applicable for Mixtures
(0.5 2%)
An emulsified mixture of ammonium nitrate solution, fuel oil, mineral oil and polymeric surfactant (emulsifier). May also contain
ammonium nitrate prills (granules) and/or aluminum.

BOILING POINT,
N/A
N/A
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: White to tan colored thick cream. If aluminum is present, gray metal particles will be visible. If
ammonium nitrate prill is present, white to tan colored granules will be visible. Slight odor of fuel oil.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
1650 F ( 740 C) (PMCC)

Not available
See below.
itself out.

ACGIH: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3
OSHA: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust, 15 MG/M3
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Acute: Ingestion of large amounts may cause cyanosis, nausea, collapse, vomiting, abdominal
pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing, coma, convulsions, and death may occur.
HYDROMITE EMULSIONS
DATE DECEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. E-4

Page 2 of 2
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

ORDINANCES.
HYDROX Bulk Emulsions

DATE
SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
MSDS NO. E-5

Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
Hydrox 501
Hydrox 503

CAS No. 6484-52-2,
(70 - 82%)
Fuel Oil/ Mineral Oil Blend,
CAS No. 68476-30-2
( 6 - 9%)
Polymeric Surfactant,
Not Applicable for Mixtures
( 0.5 2%)
An emulsified mixture of ammonium nitrate solution, fuel oil, mineral oil, and polymeric surfactant (emulsifier).

BOILING POINT,
N/A
VAPOR PRESSURE (mm Hg) NA
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Tan to amber thick cream. Slight odor of oil.

1650F (740 C) (PMCC)
Not available
See below.
itself out.
FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:

ACGIH: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3

OSHA: Oil mist, mineral, 5 MG/M3
HYDROX Bulk Emulsions

DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. E-5
Page 2 of 2
federal regulations. Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required under normal conditions. Slight skin irritant.

COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO 4. WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS AS ADOPTED BY
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Oxidizing Liquid, n.o.s. 5.1, UN3139, PG II
(Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Aqueous Emulsion)
OIL
STAR ELECTRIC DETONATORS
901 Cantu Road
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
For Technical Assistance and Emergencies Contact:
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. ED-2

PAGE 1 OF 2
OIL STAR DETONATORS
Electric Blasting Caps
A2b, A84, A85, A95, A96, A98, A105, A140
Oil and Gas Detonator Type A-140F
Oil and Gas Detonator Type A-161

Explosive components are RDX and lead compounds sealed in a metal shell.
Lead Azide, Pb (N3)2,
CAS No. 13424-46-9
CAS No. 15245-44-0
RDX, Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine, C3H6N6O6
CAS No. 121-82-4
HNS, Hexanitrostilbene, C14H6N6O12
CAS No. 20062-22-0

BOILING POINT
N/A
N/A
N/A
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
Insoluble
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Aluminum or copper shells with Teflon or high temperature polymer coated copper leg wires. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below.
itself out.
current, electrostatic or radio frequency energy. Avoid toxic fumes from
fire. Do not exceed 3500F (1770C) for 1 hour. With Type A-161
detonators which contain HNS do not exceed 475oF (246oC) for 1 hour.

ACGIH: 0.05 MG/M3 TWA, Lead, Elemental, and Inorganic Compounds, as Pb.
OSHA: 50 G/M3 PEL as Pb. For additional information, see 29CFR1910.1025
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: None likely when safe blasting procedures are employed.
OILSTAR ELECTRIC DETONATORS

901 Cantu Road
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. ED-2

PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: May explode when subjected to flame, heat, impact, friction, electric currents, electrostatic or radio frequency energy. Avoid static
charge build up. Keep lead wires shunted until wiring into circuit.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Do not exceed 350F (177C) for more than 1 hour. With Type A-161 detonators do
not exceed 475oF (246oC) for more than 1 hour.. Avoid contact with acids or alkalies.
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Gaseous nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and lead fumes.
collected, labeled, and disposed of per state and federal hazardous waste regulations.
INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required.
Not required.
Not required.

DOT CLASSIFICATION:
Detonators, Electric, 1.4B PGII
Detonators, Electric, 1.1B PGII
UN NUMBER
UN NUMBER
0255
0030
IMO HAZARD CLASS:

1.4B
1.1B
Consult IME Safety Library Publication No. 20, SAFETY GUIDE FOR THE PREVENTION OF RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARDS
IN THE USE OF COMMERCIAL ELECTRIC DETONATORS, and Publication No. 22, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SAFE
TRANSPORTATION OF DETONATORS IN A VEHICLE WITH CERTAIN OTHER EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS AND THE GUIDE FOR THE
USE OF THE IME 22 CONTAINER.
PERMISSIBLE DYNAMITE SERIES

MSHA APPROVED EXPLOSIVES
DATE
SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. D-1

Page 1 0F 2

Red Diamond Series
Red-D-Gel Series

NG, C3H5O3 (NO2)3,
Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate, EGDN, C2H4O2 (NO2)2
Nitroglycerin,
CAS No. 55-63-0, 1-10%

CAS No. 628-96-6 5-25%
CAS No. 6484-52-2, 40-70%

BOILING POINT
None
EXPLOSION POINT: 237oF
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A mixture of absorbants, white oxidizing salts, and a non-organic flame suppressant. Tan color
with white granules. Slightly sweet odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
Not Available
Not Available
See below
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately.
Allow fire to burn itself out.
fumes from fire.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH TWA: NG; 0.05 PPM*, EGDN; 0.05 PPM*, AN; None
*Skin
OSHA: NG CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 2 MG/M3*, EGDN CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 1 MG/M3*, AN; None
vessel dilation, vomiting and convulsions. In extreme cases, death may occur.
EYES: Slight irritant. Hold eyelid open and flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes.
PERMISSIBLE DYNAMITE SERIES

MSHA APPROVED EXPLOSIVES
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. D-1
Page 2 0F 2
and chlorates. DO NOT exceed 1500F ( 660C).

TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIES involving spills, leaks fires or exposures in the United States:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
WARNING: Minimize inhalation and skin contact. Prevent contact with food, and chewing or smoking materials.
ORDINANCES.
Permissible Explosive: Approved as Permissible by the USDL, MSHA when used in conformance with requirements 30 CFR 15.
RED-E-CUSHION
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. M-1 PAGE 1 of 2


RED-E-CUSHION
Acrylic Acrylate Resin

NONE

BOILING POINT N/A
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (H2O = 1) 0.8
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Insoluble
VAPOR PRESSURES N/A

APPEARANCE AND ODOR: White Granular Material. No Odor.

FLASH POINT: None
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Not Applicable
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Although not flammable use water, CO2, dry chemical or foam.
SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: None
UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Not Applicable.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: LD50 less than 8000 mg/kg. Internal consumption of approximately 0.5 gallons may produce nausea.
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: If large quantity is ingested, induce vomiting. No effects under normal use.
FUMES: N/A
IF INGESTED: If large quantity is ingested, induce vomiting.
RED-E-CUSHION
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. M-1
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: Stable
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Strong Oxidizers
HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: CO, CO2, Hydrocarbons
Hazardous Polymerization will not occur.
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Vacuum or sweep up with broom. Avoid
adding water since the product will become slippery when wet. Keep out of sewers or drains.
WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD: Follow normal waste disposal methods. Comply with federal, state, and local
regulations for solid waste disposal.
CALL CHEMTREC for emergencies only: 1-800-424-9300 For calls originating outside the U.S. dial the U.S. access
number followed by 1-703-527-3887. All calls are recorded.
INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
In dusty conditions use an approved dust mask.

Use local exhaust if required.
None under normal use. Use gloves under prolonged use.
None. Use goggles to protect against dust.

Store in shipping container or any moderately air tight container. Close bulk bags when not in use. Avoid extremely high humidity. Use good
housekeeping and personal grooming practices. Wash after use.
DOT CLASSIFICATION: Not Regulated.
UN NUMBER:
Not Regulated.
None of the components are listed in the 1987 IARC Monographs, Group 1, 2A, or 2B as a known, probable or possible carcinogen, nor are they
NON-INCENDIVE SHEATHED EXPLOSIVE UNIT

(ROCKBUSTER II)
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. D-7
Page 1 0F 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407

Rock-Buster II
MSHA APPROVED SHEATHED EXPLOSIVE UNIT

Nitroglycerin, NG, C3H5O3 (NO2)3
Ethylene glycol dinitrate, EGDN, C2H4O2 (NO2)2
Ammonium Nitrate, AN, NH4NO3
1,2 Propylene Glycol, C3H8O2
Sodium Bisulfate, NaHSO4
Sodium Metaborate, NaBO2
CAS No. 55-63-0,

3-9%
CAS No. 628-96-6 21-27%
CAS No. 6484-52-2 40-50%
CAS No. 57-55-6
10-15% of Flame Suppressant Gel
CAS No. 7681-38-1
1 to 5% of Flame Suppressant Gel
CAS No. 10555-76-7 0.5 to 4% of Flame Suppressant Gel

BOILING POINT
None
EXPLOSION POINT: 2370F
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: The explosive is a mixture of absorbants, white oxidizing salts, and a non-organic flame suppressant.
Tan color with white granules. Slightly sweet odor. One and one half pounds of a MSHA approved explosive is surrounded by a
flame suppressing water gel composed of a freezing point depressant, water, yellow dye and thickeners.

FLASH POINT: Not Available
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Not Available
EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: See below
Not Available
Not Available
See below
Do not fight fires. Withdraw personnel immediately. Allow
fire to burn itself out.
fumes from fire.

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE: ACGIH TWA: NG; 0.05 PPM*, EGDN; 0.05 PPM*, AN; NONE
*Skin
OSHA: NG CEILING; 0.2 PPM, 2 MG/M3*, EGDN CEILING; O.2 PPM, 1 MG/M3*, AN; None
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Ingestion, inhalation or absorption of the explosives through skin contact may cause headache,
nausea, blood vessel dilation, vomiting and convulsions. In extreme cases, death may occur.
EYES: Slight irritant. Hold eye lid open and flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes.
NON-INCENDIVE SHEATHED EXPLOSIVE UNIT

(ROCKBUSTER II)
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. D-7
Page 2 0F 2
and chlorates. Do not exceed 1500F (660C)

VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:
Minimize inhalation and skin contact. Prevent contact with food,
WARNING:
and chewing or smoking materials.

COMPLY WITH THE SAFETY LIBRARY PUBLICATION NO .4 WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS AS ADOPTED BY
ORDINANCES.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description: Explosive, Blasting, Type A, 1.1D, UN0081, PG II
Permissible Explosive: Approved as Permissible by the USDL and MSHA when used in conformance with the requirements of 30
CFR 15.
The minimum firing temperature using a No. 8 Detonator is 00F
SHOCKHSTARTM SHOCK TUBING

901 Cantu Road
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
SECTION I
For Technical Assistance and Emergencies Contact:
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
MSDS NO. C-3

PAGE 1 OF 2
Signal Transmission Tubing
Shock Tube
LEAD-IN-LINE (L-I-L)

The explosive components of this device (HMX and Aluminum Powder) are less than 0.4 percent by weight of the shock tube and are totally
enclosed in the tubing.

BOILING POINT
N/A
N/A
N/A
PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOL. (%) None
EVAPORATION RATE:
N/A
Negligible
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: Flexible ionomer resin plastic tubing with a minute amount of an extremely fine, silver
colored explosive composition on the interior walls of the tube. No odor.

FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:

EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE:
Not determined.
Not determined.

FUMES:
N/A
N/A
Water, CO2 , foam, dry chemical fire extinguisher.
Not determined.

SHOCKHSTARTM SHOCK TUBING
901 Cantu Road
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001
MSDS NO. C-3
PAGE 2 OF 2
STABILITY: Stable.
None known.
Gaseous nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides: Toxic decomposition products


STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED: Pick up containers or units by hand.
Call Austin Powder for recommendations and assistance.
CALL CHEMTREC for emergencies only: 1-800-424-9300. For calls originating outside the U.S. dial the U.S. access
INFORMATION:
VENTILATION:
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
EYE PROTECTION:

Not required.
Not required.

Avoid any situation that may cause entanglement with machinery or moving equipment. Jerking and breaking Shock Tubing may lead to a
premature detonation known as "Snap and Shoot". Do not drive equipment over Shock Tubing.
DOT or IMDG proper shipping description:
1) Stndard packaging: Articles, Explosive, n.o.s., (contains HMX/Aluminum), 1.4S, UN0349, PGII.
2) Not regulated as an explosive when packaged on production or large volume shipping spools with end caps. May be shipped as: Plastic Tubing.
SLURMEX SERIES
SECTION I
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. S-4
Page 1 of 2

EMERGENCY PHONE
DAY
216-464-2400
NIGHT
216-464-2407
SLURMEX 300
SLURMEX 500
AQUALINE
EMULINE SE
Aqualine and Emuline SE are Slurmex products that
include a continuous length of Detonating Cord.
See MSDS.
HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS
SECTION II
Sodium Nitrate, NaNO3
Nitric Acid, HNO3
Aluminum: Al,
Sodium Perchlorate, NaClO4
Hexamine, Hexamethylenetetramine, HMT, C6H12 N4
SECTION III
CAS No. 6484-52-2,

CAS No. 7631-99-4,
CAS No. 7697-37-2,
CAS No. 7429-90-5,
CAS No. 7601-89-0,
CAS No. 100-97-0,
50 To 65%
10 To 20%
2 To 6%
4 To 8%
2 To 7%
5 To 15%
PHYSICAL DATA
BOILING POINT,
N/A
1.20
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: Although in excess of 90 % of the materials are readily soluble in water, this product provides
APPEARANCE AND ODOR: A highly cohesive gel, gray/white color. Negligible odor. Packaged in polyethylene cartridges.
SECTION IV
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA
FLASH POINT:
FLAMMABLE LIMITS:
N/A
N/A
See below.
out.
large quantities.
SECTION V
HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACGIH:
OSHA:
Nitric Acid, 2 MG/M , Aluminum metal dust, 10 MG/M3

Nitric Acid, 5 MG/M3, Aluminum metal dust , 15 MG/M3
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Acute: Ingestion of large amounts may cause cyanosis, nausea, collapse, methemoglobinemia,
Vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid heartbeat and breathing, coma, convulsions, and death may occur.
Eyes: Slight irritant.
Flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Skin:
Slight irritant.
SLURMEX SERIES
SECTION VI
DATE SEPTEMBER 2001

MSDS NO. S-4
Page 2 of 2
REACTIVITY DATA
large quantities.
INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Avoid all contamination, especially amines, strong alkalines, acids,
peroxides and chlorates. Alkaline contamination may liberate ammonia fumes.
products including carbon monoxide (CO) may migrate to off blast- site areas

SECTION VII
SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES
SECTION VIII
SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION
VENTILATION:
Maintain Adequate Ventilation.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES:
Slight Skin Irritant, Avoid Skin Contract, Wear Protective
Gloves When Handling Material.
EYE PROTECTION:
Slight Eye Irritant, Wear Safety Glasses.
SECTION IX
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
ORDINANCES.
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
State and Federal

Contacts
State Contact Information ......... 172
Federal Contact Information ...... 178
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
STATE AND FEDERAL CONTACTS

Alabama
Alabama Department of Ins.
State Fire Marshal Office
John Robison
P.O. Box 303352
Montgomery, AL 36130-3352
(334) 241-4166
Alabama Surface Mining Commission
John Cranor
Inspector in Charge of Blasting
P.O. Box 2390
Jasper, AL 35502
(205) 221-4130
Fax (205) 221-5077
Alaska
Alaska Department of Labor, OSHA
Jeff Carpenter
P.O. Box 107022
Anchorage, AK 99510
(907) 269-4955
FAX: (907) 338-4375
Alaska State Fire Marshal
Craig Goodrich
5700 E. Tudor Rd.
Anchorage, AK 99507
(907) 269-5491
FAX: (907) 338-4375
Arizona
Arizona Department of Building and Safety
Duane D. Pell
1540 W. Van Buren Street
Phoenix, AZ 85007
(602) 244-4964
Arizona Department of Mines
Douglas K. Martin
Inspector
1700 W. Washington
Phoenix, AZ 85007
(602) 255-3795
Arizona Department of Mines
Mason Coggin
1502 W. Washington
Phoenix, AZ 85007
(602) 255-3795
Arkansas
Ft. Smith, AR 72901

(501) 783-2103
California
California Division of OSHA
Duane Niesen
1367 E. Lassen Avenue, Suite B4
Chico, CA 95973
(916) 895-4938
Fax (916) 895-6941
California State Fire Marshal
Ronny Coleman
P.O. Box 944246
Sacramento, CA 94244
(916) 262-1870
Colorado
Colorado Division of Labor
Patricia Moore
Director of Risk Management
1515 Arapaho Street
Denver, CO 80202-2117
(303) 620-4713
Fax 303-620-4714
Colorado Department of Public Safety
Paul Cooke
700 Kipling St., Suite 1000
Denver, CO 80215
(303) 239-4463
Fax (303) 239-239-4405
Connecticut
Connecticut Department of Public Safety
State Fire Marshal Office
Jose Colon, Detective
P.O. Box 2794
Middletown, CT 06457-9294
(860) 685-8359
Fax (860) 685-8359
Doug Peabody, State Fire Marshal
(860) 685-8380
Delaware
Delaware State Fire Marshal
Dan Kiley
1537 Chestnut Grove Road
Dover, DE 19904
(302) 739-5665
Arkansas Department of Labor

George Ainsworth
616 Garrison Avenue - Room 205
172
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

District of Columbia
District of Columbia State Fire Marshal Office
Steve Smith
Inspector
441 4th Street NW
Washington, DC 20001
(202) 727-1614
Fax (202) 727-3238
Florida
Florida State Fire Marshal Office
Terry Barrow
Safety Program Manager
200 E. Gaines Street
Tallahassee, FL 32399-0342
(904) 922-3171
Fax (904) 922-2553
Georgia
Georgia State Fire Marshal
L.C. Cole
Fire Marshal
2 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive
Atlanta, GA 30334
(404) 656-2064
Terry Skinner
Assistant Fire Marshal
(404) 656-9636
Fax (404) 657-6971
Bruce Bugg
Hazmat Specialist
(404) 656-4501
Hawaii
Hawaii Occupation Safety and Health Division
Jennifer Shishido
Administrator
830 Punchbowl Street, #423
Honolulu, HI 96813
(808) 586-9116
Fax (808) 586-9104
Idaho
Idaho State Fire Marshal
Don McCoy
700 W. State Street
Boise, ID 83720
(208) 334-4370
Illinois
Illinois Department of Mines and Minerals
John Vanci
Deputy Director
503 E. Main
Benton, IL 62812
(618) 439-9111
Thomas Armstead
State Fire Marshal
1035 Stevenson Drive
Springfield, IL 62703
(217) 785-0969
Indiana
Indiana State Fire Marshal Office
Tracy Boatwright
402 W. Washington Street
Indianapolis, IN 46204
(317) 232-2226
Pat Crayton
(317) 232-2222
Iowa
Iowa State Fire Marshal
Roy Marshall
Wallace State Office Building
621 E. 2nd Street
Des Moines, IA 50309
(515) 231-5321
Fax (515) 242-6299
Kansas
Kansas State Fire Marshal
Gale Haag
700 S.W. Jackson, #600
Topeka, KS 66603-3714
(913) 296-3401
Fax (913) 296-0151
Kentucky
Kentucky Department of Mines and Minerals
Larry Schneider
Dir. Div. of Explosives
P.O. Box 14030
Lexington, KY 40512-4080
(859) 246-2026
Fax (859) 246-2038
John Shuttleworth
Dept. for Surface Mining, Reclamation and
Enforcement
(502) 564-2320
Division Fire Prevention
Dave Manley
173
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

(502) 564-3626
Louisiana
Louisiana State Police Control Unit
Lt. Wayne Soileau
7901 Independence Blvd.
Baton Rouge, LA 70806
(504) 925-6113
Fax (504) 925-4048
Maine
Maine State Fire Marshal Office
Lt. Ladd
Alcott 18 Meadow Road
52 State House Station
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 287-3473
Maryland
Maryland Dept. of Public Safety and Correction
Services
Rocco Gabriele
State Fire Marshal
Robert Shimer
Dep. Fire Marshal
300 E. Joppa Rd., #1002
Towson, MD 21281
(410) 339-4200
Fax (410) 339-4215
Massachusetts
Massachusetts Department Public Safety Prevention
Commonwealth, Boston, MA 02215
(617) 349-4919
Michigan
Michigan Dept. of State Enforcement Unit
Marilyn Sanders, Director
7064 Crowner Drive
Lansing, MI 48918-9960
(517) 322-1486
Fax (517) 322-5661
Wade Schaefer
State Fire Marshal
7150 Harris Drive
Lansing, MI 48913
(517) 322-1924
Minnesota
Minnesota Public Safety Department
Donald Davis
445 Minnesota Street
St. Paul, MN 55101
(612) 642-0610
Fax (612) 297-5728
State Fire Marshal
Thomas Brace
444 Cedar Street, #145
St. Paul, MN 55101
(612) 215-0504
Fax (612) 215-0525
Mississippi
Mississippi Fire Marshal Office
Millard MacKey
P.O. Box 22542
Jackson, MS 39225
(601) 354-6900
Missouri
Missouri Fire Marshal Office
Wm. Farr
P.O. Box 344
Jefferson City, MO 65102
(573) 751-2930
Montana
Montana Dept. of Professional and Occupational
Licensing
Brenda St. Clair
111 N. Jackson
Helena, MT 59620
(406) 444-4370
Bonnie Lovelace
Department of Environment
1520 E. 6th Avenue
P.O. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
(406) 444-4969
Nebraska
Nebraska State Fire Marshal Office
Michael Durst
Fire Marshal
Jack Mailicky
Chief Investigator
246 S. 14th St.
Lincoln, NE 68508
174
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

Nevada
Nevada Fire Marshal Office
Vicki Stevens
107 Jacobsen Way
Carson City, NV 89711
(702) 687-4290
Fax (702) 687-5122
New Hampshire
New Hampshire Department of Safety
Sgt. John McMaster
State Police
10 Hazen Drive
Concord, NH 03305
(603) 271-3575
Donald Bliss
Fire Marshal
(603) 271-3294
New Jersey
New Jersey Division of Workplace Standards
Mine Safety
Howard Black
Chief Inspector
CN 386
Trenton, NJ 08625-0386
(609) 292-2096
Fax (609) 633-0664
Department of Community Affairs
Fire Safety Division
William Cane
Director
101 S. Broad Street, CN 809
Trenton, NJ 08625
(609) 292-9446
New Mexico
New Mexico Energy Minerals & Natural Resources
John Guranich, Mining Engineer
2040 S. Pacheco
Santa Fe, NM 87505
(505) 827-5970
Fax (505) 827-7195
George Chavez, Fire Marshal
P.O. Drawer 1269
Santa Fe, NM 87505
(505) 827-3550
Fax (505) 827-3778
New York
New York Department of Labor Division, Safety, &
Health
Frank Fazzio
345 Hudson Street
New York, NY 10014
(212) 352-6096
Fax (212) 352-6186
New York Fire Marshal Office
James Burns
41 State Street
Albany, NY 12231
(513) 474-6746
North Carolina
North Carolina Fire Marshal Office
Jim Long, Fire Marshal
430 N. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, NC 27603
(919) 733-2142
Fax (919) 733-6495
North Dakota
North Dakota Fire Marshal Office
Joel Boespflug
P.O. Box 1054
Bismarck, ND 58502-1054
(701) 328-5555
Ohio
Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources
Mike Mann, Blasting Specialist
1900 E. High Avenue
New Philadelphia, OH 44663
(330) 339-2207
Ohio State Fire Marshal
James McNamee
P.O. Box 525
8895 E. Main Street
Reynoldsburg, OH 43068
(614) 752-8200
Fax (614) 752-7213
Inspection Bureau of State Fire Marshal
(614) 752-7126
Oklahoma
Oklahoma Department of Mines
Ron Cunningham, Director of Training
1301 W. Main
Wilberton,OK 74578
175
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

(Oklahoma continued)
(918) 465-2361
Fax (918) 465-2431
Marti Sawer
4040 N. Lincoln
Oklahoma City, OK 73105
(405) 521-3859
Fax (405) 424-4932
Ohio State Fire Marshal
Tom Wilson
4545 N. Lincoln
Oklahoma City, OK 73105
(405) 524-9610
Fax (405) 524-9810
Oregon
Oregon State Fire Marshal
Robert Manuccio
State Police
4760 Portland Road NE
Salem, OR 97305
(503) 378-3473
Fax (503) 373-1825
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources
Mike Getto
Chief Explosive and Safety Section
P.O. Box 8461
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8461
(717) 787-7846
Fax (717) 783-4675
Pennsylvania State Fire Commissioner
David Smith
P.O. Box 3321
Harrisburg, PA 17105
(717) 783-5061
Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry of
Occupational Safety
Labor and Industry Building, Room 1529
Harrisburg, PA 17120
(717) 787-3323
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico Police Department
Division of Explosives
P.O. Box 70166
San Juan, PR 00936-8166
(809) 729-1234
Fire Services Division

Sigfredo Faria
Director
P.O. Box 13325
San Juan, PR 00908
(787) 725-3444
Fax (727) 725-3788
Rhode Island
Rhode Island State Fire Marshal
Irving Ownes, Stanley Davis
272 W. Exchange
Providence, RI 02903
(401) 277-2335
South Carolina
South Carolina Department of Labor, Licensing and
Regulation
Pamela Felow
P.O. Box 11329
Columbia, SC 29211
(803) 896-4334
Lewis Lee
State Fire Marshal
141 Monticello Trail
Columbia, SC 29203
South Dakota
South Dakota State Fire Marshal
Dan Carlson
118 W. Capitol Avenue
Pierre, SD 57501
(605) 773-3562
Tennessee
Tennessee State Fire Marshal
Anita Boner
Administrator
Permits and Licences
500 James Robertson Parkway, 3rd Floor
Nashville TN 37243
(615) 741-1322
Fax (615) 741-1583
Division of Fire Prevention
Stuart Crine
(615) 741-2981
Texas
Texas State Fire Marshal
176
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

(Texas continued)
Mike Davis
12675 Research Blvd.
Austin, TX 78759-2218
(512) 918-7100
Gary Warren
Fire Protection
(512) 918-7100
Utah
Utah State Fire Marshal
Gary Wise
5272 College Drive
Salt Lake City, UT 84118
(801) 284-4350
Department of Public Safety
Lynn Borg
Fire Investigator
(801) 284-6358
Fax (801) 284-6351
Vermont
Vermont Department of Fire Marshal Office
Major Nicolas Ruggiero
103 S. Main Street
Waterbury, VT 05671
(802) 244-8781
Fax (802) 244-1106
Virginia
Virginia State Fire Marshal
Glen Dean
Training Certification
501 N. 2nd Street
Richmond, VA 23219
(804) 371-7165
Fax (804) 371-7092
Steve Walz
Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy
(804) 692-3211
Ed Altizer
State Fire Marshal
(804) 371-7153
Virginia Department of Labor and Industry
Mary Hooper
Commissioner
National Life Building
Drawer 20
Montpelier, VA 05620
(802) 828-2288
Fax (802) 828-2195
Washington
Washington State Department Labor Industries
Explosives and Licensing
Morris Payne
P.O. Box 44655
Olympia, WA 98504-4655
(360) 902-5569
Fax (360) 902-5437
Washington Fire Protection Bureau
State Patrol
Roger Woodside
Fire Marshal
P.O. Box 42600
Olympia, WA 98504
(360) 753-0411
Fax (360) 753-0395
West Virginia
West Virginia Division of Environmental Protection
Office of Mining and Reclamation
Jim Miller
Chief Inspection Enforcement
Nitro, WV 25143
(304) 458-1425
West Virginia State Fire Marshal
Walter Smittle, III
1207 Quarrier Street
Charleston, WV 25301
(304) 558-2191
Fax (304) 558-2537
Wisconsin
Wisconsin Department of Commerce
Safety and Building Division
Credential and Licensing Unit
P.O. Box 7969
201 E. Washington Avenue
Madison, WI 53707-7969
(608) 266-1818
Fax (608) 267-0592
Wisconsin State Fire Marshal
Frank Meyers
P.O. Box 7857
Madison, WI 53707
(608) 266-1671
177
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

Wyoming
Wyoming State Mine Inspection
Don Stauffenberg
P.O. Box 1094
Rock Springs, WY 82902
(307) 362-5222
Douge Emme
Department of Environmental Quality
1043 Coffeen Avenue, Suite D
Sheridan, WY 82801
(307) 672-6488
Federal Contact Information

Mine Safety and Health Administration
(MSHA)
An agency of the Department of Labor concerned
with promulgation and enforcement of health and safety
regulations in the mining field.
To notify MSHA of a mine accident or emergency, call
your local MSHA office. If you are unable to contact your
local MSHA office, call (800) 746-1553.
To report a hazardous condition at a mine to MSHA,
call (800) 746-1554. You do not need to identify yourself.
For general information about MSHA, call MSHAs
Office of Information and Public Affairs on (703) 2351452.
Occupational Safety & Health Administration

(OSHA)
An agency of the Department of Labor active in
eliminating occupational hazards and promoting
employee health and safety.
U.S. Department of Labor
Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA)
200 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20210
1-800-321-OSHA (6742)
Wyoming State Fire Marshal

Jim Noel
Herschler Building
1st Floor West
122 W. 25th Street
Cheyenne, WY 82002
(307) 777-7288
Office of Surface Mining (OSM)

An agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior
regulating surface coal mining and the surface effects of
underground coal mining.
Office of Surface Mining
1951 Constitution Ave. N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20240
getinfo@osmre.gov
(202) 208-2719
Alchohol, Tobacco, & Firearms (ATF)

An agency of the Department of Treasury having
responsibility for the promulgation and enforcement
of regulations related to the unlawful use of explosive
materials under 18 U.S.C. Chapter 40, Section 847.
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms
Office of Public and Governmental Affairs
650 Massachusetts Avenue, NW.
Room 8290
(202) 927-7940
The Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME)

IME is the safety association of the commercial
explosives industry in the United States and Canada.
IME is a non-profit incorporated association which
was founded in 1913 to provide technically accurate
information
and
recommendations
concerning
commercial explosive materials.
IME
1120 Nineteenth Street NW
Suite 310
Phone: (202) 429-9280
FAX: (202) 293-2420
178
THE
BLASTER'S GUIDE
A Resource for the

Substantial
training
regarding
the
errors.

Phone: 216-464-2400
Fax: 216-464-4418
LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE
IME Glossary
The complete IME Glossary of Commercial Explosives
Industry Terms. This information is the copyrighted
intellectual property of the Institute of Makers of
Explosives (IME) and is reprinted herein with the express
permission of IME.
Words used in the singular shall include the plural and in
the plural shall include the singular.
THE BLASTERS GUIDE
GLOSSARY OF BLASTING TERMS

AC Alternating current.
ACCEPTOR A charge of explosives or blasting agent
receiving an impulse from an exploding donor charge.
ADOBE CHARGE A mud covered or unconfined charge
fired in contact with a rock surface without the use of a
borehole. Synonymous with BULLDOZE, MUDCAPPING,
and PLASTER.
AIRBLAST The airborne shock wave or acoustic transient
generated by an explosion.
ALWAYS AND NEVER List of precautions (IME Safety
Library Publication No. 4) printed by the Institute of
Makers of Explosives pertaining to the transportation,
storage, handling and use of explosive materials.
Formerly titled DOS AND DONTS.
AMERICAN TABLE OF DISTANCES A quantity distance
table, prepared and approved by IME, for storage of
explosive materials to determine safe distances from
inhabited buildings, public highways, passenger railways,
and other stored explosive materials.
AMMONIUM NITRATE The ammonium salt of nitric acid
represented by the formula NH4NO3.
AMPERE A unit of electrical current produced by 1 volt
acting through a resistance of 1 ohm.
BACKBREAK Rock broken beyond the limits of the last

row of holes in a blast. Synonymous with OVERBREAK.
BALLISTIC MORTAR A laboratory instrument used for
measuring the relative power or strength of an explosive
material.
BARRICADED The effective screening of a building
containing explosive materials from a magazine or other
building, railway, or highway by a natural or an artificial
barrier. A straight line from the top of any sidewall of the
building containing explosive materials to the eave line
of any magazine or other building or to a point twelve
feet above the center of a railway or highway shall pass
through such barrier.
BASE CHARGE The main explosive charge in the base
of a detonator.
BATF See BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND
FIREARMS.
BENCH A horizontal ledge from which holes are drilled
vertically down into the material to be blasted: benching
is a process of excavating where a highwall is worked in
steps or lifts.
BENCH HEIGHT The vertical distance from the top of a
bench to the floor or to the top of the next lower bench.
ANFO An explosive material consisting of ammonium

nitrate and fuel oil. Synonymous with prills and oil.
BLACK POWDER A deflagrating or low explosive

compound of an intimate mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and
an alkali nitrate, usually potassium or sodium nitrate.
ANSI American National Standards Institute - a nongovernmenal organization concerned with developing
safety and health standards for industry.
BLAST, (BLASTING) The firing of explosive materials

for such purposes as breaking rock or other material,
moving material, or generating seismic waves.
APPROPRIATE
AUTHORITY.
BLAST AREA The area of a blast within the influence of

flying rock missiles, gases, and concussion.
AUTHORITY
See
COMPETENT
APPROVED, APPROVAL, OR AUTHORIZED Terms

which mean APPROVED, APPROVAL, or AUTHORIZED
by the authority having jurisdiction.
ARTIFICIAL BARRICADE An artificial mound or revetted
wall of earth of minimum thickness of three feet.
AUTHORIZED PERSON An individual approved or
assigned by management to perform a specific duty or
duties or to be at a specific location or locations.
AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION The governmental
agency, office, or individual responsible for approving
equipment, an installation, or a procedure.
AVAILABLE ENERGY The energy from an explosive
material that is capable of performing useful work.
BLASTHOLE See DRILL HOLE and BOREHOLE.

BLAST PATTERN The plan of the drill holes as laid out
for blasting: an expression of the burden distance and
the spacing distance and their relationship to each other.
Synonymous with DRILL PATTERN.
BLAST PATTERN The area where explosive material is
handled during loading, including the perimeter of blast
holes and 50 feet in all directions from loaded holes and
contiguous holes that are to be loaded on the present
shift. In underground mines, 15 feet of solid rib or pillar
can be substituted for the 50 foot distance.
BLASTER That qualified person in charge of, and
responsible for, the loading and firing of a blast.
Synonymous with SHOT FIRER.
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THE BLASTERS GUIDE

BLASTING ACCESSORIES Non-explosive devices and
materials used in blasting, such as, but not limited to,
cap crimpers, tamping bags, blasting machines, blasting
galvanometers, and cartridge punches.
BLASTING AGENT An explosive material which meets
prescribed criteria for insensitivity to initiation. For
storage, Title 27, Code of Federal Regulations, Section
55.11 defines a blasting agent as any material or mixture
consisting of a fuel and oxidizer, intended for blasting,
not otherwise defined as an explosive, provided that
the finished product, as mixed for use or shipment,
cannot be detonated by means of a No. 8 test blasting
cap when unconfined. (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms Regulation). For transportation, Title 49 Code
of Federal Regulations defines a blasting agent as a
material designed for blasting which has been tested in
accordance with Section 173.114a and found to be so
insensitive that there is very little probability of accidental
initiation to explosion or transition from deflagration
to detonation (US Department of Transportation
Regulation).
BLASTING CAP A detonator which is initiated with
a safety fuse. Synonymous with FUSE CAP, also see
DETONATOR.
BLASTING CREW A group of persons who assist the
blaster in loading, tying-in, and firing a blast.
BLASTING GALVANOMETER An electrical resistance
instrument designed specifically for testing electric
detonators and circuits containing them. It is used to
check electrical continuity. Other acceptable instruments
for this purpose are Blasting Ohmmeters and Blasters
Multimeters.
BLASTING LOG A written record of information about a
specific blast as may be required by law or regulation.
BLASTING MACHINE An electrical or electromechanical
device which provides electrical energy for the purpose
of energizing detonators in an electric blasting circuit.
Also used in reference to certain nonelectric systems.
(Sometimes called exploder or battery.)
BLASTING MACHINE - CD TYPE See CAPACITORDISCHARGE BLASTING MACHINE.
BLASTING MACHINE - GENERATOR TYPE A hand
operated electromechanical device which provides an
output current to energize electric detonators.
BLASTING MACHINE - RHEOSTAT A graduated
electrical resistance device used to simulate electric
detonator resistances for the testing of generator type
blasting machines.
BLASTING MAT A mat of woven steel wire, rope, scrap
tires, or other suitable material or construction to cover

blastholes for the purpose of preventing flying rock
missiles.
BLASTING VIBRATIONS The energy from a blast that
manifests itself in vibrations which are transmitted
through the earth away from the immediate blast area.
BLOCKHOLING The breaking of boulders by loading
and firing small explosive charges in small-diameter
drilled holes.
BOOSTER An explosive charge, usually of high
detonation velocity and detonation pressure, designed
to be used in the explosive initiation sequence between
an initiator or primer and the main charge.
BOOTLEG The part of a drilled blasthole that remains
when the force of the explosion does not break the rock
completely to the bottom of the hole. Synonymous with
SOCKET.
BOREHOLE A hole drilled in the material to be blasted,
for the purpose of containing an explosive charge, also
called BLASTHOLE or DRILL HOLE.
BREAKAGE A term used to describe the size distribution
of the rock fragments created by a blast.
BRIDGEWIRE A resistance wire connecting the ends of
the leg wires inside an electric detonator and which is
imbedded in the ignition charge of the detonator.
BRISANCE The shattering power of an explosive material
as distinguished from its total work capacity.
BULK MIX A mass of explosive material prepared for use
in bulk form without packaging.
BULK MIX DELIVERY EQUIPMENT Equipment (usually
a motor vehicle with or without a mechanical delivery
device) that transports explosive materials in bulk form
for mixing or loading directly into blastholes, or both.
BULK STRENGTH The strength per unit volume of
an explosive calculated from its weight strength and
density.
BULLDOZE See ADOBE CHARGE. Synonymous with
MUDCAPPING and PLASTER.
BULLET-RESISTANT Magazine walls or doors of
construction resistant to penetration of a bullet of 150
grain M2 ball ammunition having a nominal muzzle
velocity of 2700 feet per second fired from a .30 caliber
rifle from a distance of 100 feet perpendicular to the wall
or door. When a magazine ceiling or roof is required to be
bullet-resistant, the ceiling or roof shall be constructed
of materials comparable to the side walls or of other
181
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

materials which will withstand penetration of the bullet
described above when fired at an angle of 45 degrees
from the perpendicular. Tests to determine bullet
resistance shall be conducted on test panels or empty
magazines which shall resist penetration of 5 out of 5
shots placed independently of each other in an area at
least 3 feet by 3 feet.
BULLET-SENSITIVE EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL Explosive
materials that can be detonated by 150 grain M2 ball
ammunition having a nominal muzzle velocity of 2700
feet per second fired when the bullet is fired from a
.30 caliber rifle from a distance of 100 feet and the test
material, at a temperature of 70 to 75oF, is placed against
a blacking material of 1/2-inch steel plate.
BUREAU OF EXPLOSIVES A bureau of the Association
of American Railroads which the U.S. Department of
Transportation may consult for recommendations on
classification of explosive materials for the purpose of
interstate transportation.
BURDEN The distance from the borehole and the nearest
free face or the distance between boreholes measured
perpendicular to the spacing. Also, the total amount of
material to be blasted by a given hole, usually measured
in cubic yards or tons.
BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, AND FIREARMS
(BATF) A bureau of the Department of Treasury having
responsibility for the promulgation and enforcement
of regulations related to the unlawful use of explosive
materials under 18 U.S.C. Chapter 40, Section 847.
BUREAU OF MINES See U.S. BUREAU OF MINES.
BUS WIRE Expendable heavy gage bare copper wire
used to connect detonators or series of detonators in
parallel.
CAP CRIMPER A mechanical device for crimping
the metallic shell of a fuse detonator or igniter cord
connector securely to a section of inserted safety fuse.
May be a hand or bench tool.
CAP SENSITIVE EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL An explosive
material which will detonate with an IME No. 8 TEST
DETONATOR when the material is unconfined.
CAPACITOR- DISCHARGE BLASTING MACHINE A
blasting machine in which electrical energy, stored on a
capacitor, is discharged into a blasting circuit containing
electric detonators.
CARTON A lightweight inner container for explosive
materials, usually encased in a substantial shipping
container called a case.
CARTRIDGE An individual closed shell, bag, or tube of
circular cross section containing explosive material.

CARTRIDGE COUNT (STICK COUNT) The number of
cartridges in a standard case. A standard case typically
contains about 50 pounds of explosive material.
CARTRIDGE PUNCH A wooden, plastic, or non-sparking
metallic device used to punch an opening in an explosive
to accept a detonator or a section of detonating cord.
Synonymous with POWDER PUNCH.
CARTRIDGE STRENGTH Synonymous with BULK
STRENGTH.
CASE An outer substantial shipping container meeting
DOT specifications for explosive materials.
CASE INSERT A set of printed, precautionary instructions,
including the IME Instructions and Warnings which is
included in a case of explosive materials.
CASE LINER A separate barrier inside a shipping case,
used to prevent the escape of explosive materials. A liner
may also restrict fumes from escaping from the case and
protect the explosive materials from moisture.
CAST, EXTRUDED, OR PRESSED BOOSTER A
cast, extruded or pressed solid high explosive. (See
BOOSTER)
CERTIFIED BLASTER A blaster certified by a
governmental agency to prepare, execute, and supervise
blasting.
CFM An abbreviation for cubic feet per minute, a
measure of the volume of flow. Usually refers to air flow
in mining usage.
CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (CMA)
A non-profit chemical trade organization of companies
in the U.S. and Canada who manufacture chemicals for
sale.
CIRCUIT A completed path for conveying electrical
current. See series circuit, parallel circuit, and series in
parallel circuit. (Some nonelectric systems also use the
word circuit.)
CLASS A EXPLOSIVES Explosives, as defined by the
U.S. Department of Transportation, which possess
detonating or otherwise maximum hazard; such as,
but not limited to, dynamite, nitroglycerin, lead azide,
blasting caps and detonating primers.
CLASS B EXPLOSIVES Explosives, as defined by the
U.S. Department of Transportation, which possess
flammable hazards; such as, but not limited to, propellant
explosives, photographic flash powders, and some
special fireworks.
182
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

CLASS C EXPLOSIVES Explosives, as defined by the
U.S. Department of Transportation, which contain Class
A or Class B explosives, or both, as components but in
restricted quantities.
COLLAR The mouth or opening of a borehole or shaft.
COLUMN CHARGE A charge of explosives in a blasthole
in the form of a long continuous unbroken column.
COLUMN DEPTH/ COLUMN HEIGHT The length of each
portion of a blasthole filled with explosive materials.
COMMERCIAL EXPLOSIVES Explosives designed,
produced, and used for commercial or industrial
applications rather than for military purposes.
COMPETENT AUTHORITY A national agency
responsible under its national law for the control or
regulation of a particular aspect of the transportation of
hazardous materials. Also referred to as APPROPRIATE
AUTHORITY (Ref. 49 CFR).
CONFINED DETONATION VELOCITY The detonation
velocity of an explosive material in a substantial container
or a borehole.
CONNECTING WIRE Wire used to extend the firing line
or leg wires in an electric blasting circuit.
CONTINUITY CHECK (CIRCUIT CONTINUITY CHECK)
a determination made by instrumentation where possible,
and visually in all cases, to show that an initiation system
is continuous and contains no breaks or improper
connections that could cause stoppage or failure of the
initiation process.
CONTOUR BLASTING A blasting technique used
to produce smooth walls and reduce overbreak in
underground blasting. The cushion holes have light, well
distributed charges and are fired on the last delay period
in the round.
CORE LOAD The explosive core of detonating cord,
expressed as the weight in grains of explosive per foot.
COUPLING The degree to which an explosive fills the
cross-section of a borehole; bulk-loaded explosives
are completely coupled; untamped cartridges are
decoupled.
COYOTE SHOOTING A method of blasting using a
number of relatively large concentrated charges of
explosives placed in one or more small tunnels driven in
a rock formation.
CRIMP The folded ends of paper explosive cartridges;
the circumferential depression at the open end of a fuse
cap or igniter cord connector which serves to secure the
fuse; or the circumferential depression in the blasting cap

shell that secures a sealing plug or sleeve into electric or
nonelectric detonators.
CRIMPING The act of securing a fuse cap or igniter cord
connector to a section of a safety fuse by compressing
the metal shell of the cap against the fuse by means of a
cap crimper.
CRITICAL DIAMETER The minimum diameter for
propagation of a detonation wave at a stable velocity.
Critical diameter is affected by conditions of confinement,
temperature and pressure on the explosive.
CURRENT LEAKAGE Portion of the firing current
bypassing part of the blasting circuit through unintended
paths.
CURRENT LIMITING DEVICE An electric or
electromechanical device that limits (1) current amplitude;
(2) duration of current flow; or (3) total energy of the
current delivered to an electric blasting circuit.
CUSHION BLASTING A blasting technique used to
produce competent slopes or smooth walls. The cushion
holes, fired after the main charge, have a reduced
spacing and employ decoupled charges.
CUTOFF A break in a path of detonation or initiation
caused by extraneous interference, such as flyrock or
shifting ground.
DATE-SHIFT CODE A code, required by Federal
regulation (BATF), applied by manufacturers to the
outside shipping containers, and, in many instances, to
the immediate containers of explosive materials to aid in
their identification and tracing.
DAUTRICHE METHOD- DETONATION VELOCITY
A method of determining the detonation velocity of an
explosive material by employing detonating cord and a
witness plate.
DC Direct current.
DECIBEL A unit of air overpressure commonly used to
measure air blast.
DECK LOADING (DECKING) A method of loading
blastholes in which the explosive charges, called decks
or deck charges, in the same hole are separated by
stemming or an air cushion.
DECK An explosive charge that is separated from other
charges in the blasthole by stemming or an air cushion.
DECOUPLING The use of cartridged explosive products
significantly smaller in diameter than the diameter of the
blasthole. Decoupling or the use of decoupling charges
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THE BLASTERS GUIDE

is designed to reduce the charge concentration in the
blasthole and minimize stresses exerted on the walls of
the blasthole.
transportation safety and issues regulations governing

interstate shipments of explosives and other hazardous
materials.
DEFLAGRATION An explosive reaction such as a rapid

combustion that moves through an explosive material at
a velocity less than the speed of sound in the material.
DETONATING CORD A flexible cord containing a center

core of high explosive which may be used to initiate other
high explosives.
DELAY A distinct pause of predetermined time between

detonation or initiation impulses, to permit the firing of
explosive charges separately.
DETONATING CORD DOWNLINE the section of

detonating cord that extends within the blasthole from
the ground surface down to the explosive charge.
DELAY BLASTING The practice of initiating individual

explosive decks, boreholes or rows of boreholes at
predetermined time intervals using delay detonators,
or other delaying means, as compared to instantaneous
blasting where all holes are fired essentially at the same
time.
DETONATING CORD MS CONNECTORS Nonelectric

short-interval (millisecond) delay devices for use in
delaying blasts which are initiated by detonating cord.
DELAY DETONATOR An electric or nonelectric detonator

used to introduce a predetermine lapse of time between
the application of a firing signal and the detonation of the
base charge.
DETONATING CORD TRUNKLINE The line of

detonating cord that is used to connect and initiate other
lines of detonating cord.
DETONATING PRIMER A name applied for transportation
purposes to a device consisting of a detonator and an
additional charge of explosives, assembled as a unit.
DELAY ELEMENT The device in a delay detonator that

produces the predetermined time lapse between the
application of a firing signal and detonation.
DETONATION An explosive reaction that moves through

an explosive material at a velocity greater than the speed
of sound in the material.
DELAY INTERVAL The nominal time between the

detonations of delay detonators of adjacent periods in
a delay series; the nominal time between successive
detonations in a blast.
DETONATION PRESSURE The pressure produced in

the reaction zone of a detonating explosive.
DELAY PERIOD A designation given to a delay detonator

to show its relative or absolute delay time in a given
series.
DELAY SERIES A series of delay detonators designed
to satisfy specific blasting requirements. There are
basically two types of delay series: millisecond (MS) or
short period (SP) with delay intervals on the order of
milliseconds and long period (LP) with delay time on the
order of seconds.
DELAY TAG A tag, band, or marker on a delay detonator
that denotes the delay series, delay period and/or delay
time of the detonator.
DELAY TIME The lapse of time between the application
of a firing signal and the detonation of the base charge of
a delay detonator.
DENSITY The mass of an explosive per unit volume,
usually expressed in grams per cubic centimeter or
pounds per foot. (Also see SPECIFIC GRAVITY).
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (DOT) A
cabinet-level agency of the Federal Government. It has
the responsibility for the comprehensive regulation of
DETONATING VELOCITY The velocity at

detonation progresses through an explosive.
which
DETONATOR Any device containing an initiating or

primary explosive that is used for initiating detonation
in another explosive material. A detonator may not
contain more than 10 grams of total explosives by
weight, excluding ignition or delay charges. The term
includes, but is not limited to, electric blasting caps of
instantaneous and delay types, blasting caps for use
with safety fuses, detonating cord delay connectors,
and nonelectric instantaneous and delay blasting caps
which use detonating cord, shock tube, or any other
replacement for electric leg wires. Unless specifically
classified otherwise, detonators are Class A Explosives.
DETONATORS, CLASS C EXPLOSIVE Initiating devices
which will not mass detonate when packaged for
shipment. (See MASS DETONATE)
DIAMETER The cross-sectional width of a borehole or
an explosive cartridge.
DITCH BLASTING The formation of a ditch by the
detonation of a series of explosive charges.
DITCHING DYNAMITE A nitroglycerin type explosive
especially designed to propagate sympathetically from
184
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

hole to hole in ditch blasting.
DONOR An exploding charge producing an impulse that
impinges upon and explosive acceptor charge.
DOPE Individual, dry, nonexplosive ingredients that
comprise a portion of an explosive formulation.
DOS AND DONTS Former name of a list of precautions
(IME Safety Library Publication No. 4) printed by the
Institute of Makers of Explosives pertaining to the
transportation, storage, handling and use of explosive
materials and included in cases of explosive materials.
Recently renamed, ALWAYS AND NEVER.
DOWNLINE A line of detonating cord or plastic tubing
in a blasthole which transmits the detonation from the
trunkline or surface delay system down the hole to the
primer.
DRILL HOLE A hole drilled in the material to be blasted
for the purpose of containing an explosive charge, also
called BLASTHOLE or BOREHOLE.
DRILLING PATTERN The location of blastholes in
relationship to each other and the free face.
DUMMY A cylindrical unit of clay, sand, or other inert
material used to confine or separate explosive charges
in a borehole.
DYNAMITE A high explosive used for blasting,
consisting essentially of a mixture of, but not limited to,
nitroglycerin, nitrocellulose, ammonium nitrate, sodium
nitrate, and carbonaceous materials.
ELECTRIC BLASTING CIRCUIT An electric circuit
containing electric detonators and associated wiring.
Also see PARALLEL SERIES, and SERIES IN PARALLEL
BLASTING CIRCUITS.
ELECTRIC DETONATOR A detonator designed for, and
capable of, initiation by means of an electric current.
ELECTRICAL STORM An atmospheric disturbance
characterized by intense electrical activity producing
lightning strokes and strong electric and magnetic field.
Synonymous with THUNDERSTORM and LIGHTNING
STORM.
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE CARD Instructions carried
on a vehicle transporting explosive materials and giving
specific procedures in case of emergency.
EMULSION An explosive material containing substantial
amounts of oxidizer dissolved in water droplets,
surrounded by an immiscible fuel, or droplets of
an immiscible fuel surrounded by water containing
substantial amounts of oxidizer.
ENERGY A measure of the potential for an explosive to

do work.
EXPLOSION A chemical reaction involving an extremely
rapid expansion of gases usually associated with the
liberation of heat.
EXPLOSIVE Any chemical compound, mixture or device,
the primary or common purpose of which is to function
by explosion.
EXPLOSIVE- ACTUATED DEVICE Any tool or special
mechanized device which is actuated by explosives.
The term does not include propellant-actuated devices.
(Also see PROPELLANT-ACTUATED POWER DEVICE.)
Examples of explosive- actuated devices are jet-tappers
and jet perforators.
EXPLOSIVE CHARGE The quantity of explosive material
used in a blasthole, coyote tunnel, or explosive device.
EXPLOSIVE LOADING FACTOR The amount of
explosive used per unit of rock. Also called POWDER
FACTOR.
EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS These include explosives,
blasting agents and detonators. The term includes, but
is not limited to, dynamite and other high explosives,
slurries, emulsions, and water gels; black powder and
pellet powder; initiating explosives; detonators (blasting
caps); safety fuse; squibs; detonating cord; igniter cord;
and igniters. A list of explosive materials determined
to be within the coverage of 18 USC Chapter 40,
Importation, Manufacturer, Distribution, and Storage
of Explosive Materials is issued at least annually by the
Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
of the Department of the Treasury. The United States
Department of Transportation classifications of Explosive
Materials used in commercial blasting operations are not
identical with the statutory definitions of the Organized
Crime Control Act of 1970, Title 18 USC, Section 841.
To achieve uniformity in transportation the definitions of
the United States Department of Transportation in Title
49 Code of Federal Regulations Parts 1-999 subdivides
these materials into: Class A Explosives - detonating
or otherwise maximum hazard Class B Explosives flammable hazard Class C Explosives - minimum hazard
Blasting Agents - See definition of blasting agent.
EXPLOSIVE OILS Liquid explosive sensitizers for
explosive materials. Examples include nitroglycerin,
ethylene glycol dinitrate, and metriol trinitrate.
EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH The amount of energy released
by an explosive upon detonation which is an indication of
the capacity of the explosive to do the work.
EXTRA (AMMONIA) DYNAMITE A dynamite in which
part of the nitroglycerine is replaced by ammonium
185
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

nitrate in sufficient quantity to result in the same weight
strength.
EXTRANEOUS ELECTRICITY Electrical energy, other
than actual firing current or the test current from a
blasting galvanometer, that is present at a blast site and
that could enter an electric blasting circuit. It includes
stray current, static electricity, RF (electromagnetic)
waves and time-varying electric and magnetic fields.
FERTILIZER GRADE AMMONIUM NITRATE A grade of
ammonium nitrate as defined by The Fertilizer Institute.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER RATING A rating set forth in
the National Fire Code which may be identified on an
extinguisher by a number (5, 20, 70, etc.) indicating the
extinguishers relative effectiveness followed by a letter
(A, B, C, etc.) indicating the class or classes of fires for
which the extinguisher has been found to be effective.
FIRE-RESISTANT Construction designed
reasonable protection against fire.
to
offer
FIREWORKS Combustible or explosive compositions

or manufactured articles designed and prepared for the
purpose of producing audible or visible effects.
FIRING CURRENT An electric current of recommended
magnitude and duration to sufficiently energize and
electric detonator or a circuit of electric detonators.
by rail freight, rail express, highway, air or water in

accordance with the regulations of the U.S. Department
of Transportation.
FRAGMENTATION The breaking of a solid mass into
pieces by blasting.
FREE FACE A rock surface exposed to air or water
which provides room for expansion upon fragmentation;
sometimes called open face.
FUEL A substance which may react with oxygen to
produce combustion.
FUME
CLASSIFICATION
CLASSIFICATION.
See
IME
FUME
FUMES The gaseous products of an explosion. For

the purpose of determining the fume classification of
explosive materials, only poisonous or toxic gases are
considered.
FUSE See SAFETY FUSE.
FUSE CAP A detonator which is initiated by a safety fuse;
also referred to as an ordinary blasting cap. Synonymous
with BLASTING CAP, also see DETONATOR.
FUSE CUTTER A mechanical device for cutting safety
fuse clean and at right angles to its long axis.
FIRING LINE The wire(s) connecting the electrical power

source with the electric blasting circuit.
FUSE LIGHTERS Pyrotechnic devices for the rapid and

certain lighting of safety fuse.
FLAG-DANGER Flags, usually red, which may or may

not be imprinted with a warning and used to caution
personnel around explosives operations, or displayed on
trucks transporting explosives.
GAGE (WIRE) A series of standard sizes such as the

American Wire Gage (AWG), used to specify the diameter
of wire.
FLAMMABILITY The ease with which an explosive

material may be ignited by flame and heat.
FLARE A pyrotechnic device designed to produce a
single source of intense light.
FLASHOVER The sympathetic detonation between
explosive charges or between charged blastholes.
FLASH POINT The lowest temperature at which vapors
from a volatile combustible substance ignite in air
when exposed to flame, as determined in an apparatus
specifically designed for such testing.
FLYROCK Rocks propelled from the blast area by the
force of an explosion.
FORBIDDEN OR NOT ACCEPTABLE EXPLOSIVES
Explosives which are forbidden or not acceptable for
transportation by common, contract, or private carriers,
GALVANOMETER See BLASTING GALVANOMETER.

GAP SENSITIVITY The maximum length of gap across
which a detonation wave will travel and initiate a second
or receptor cartridge. Both primer and receptor cartridge
should be of the same composition, diameter, and
weight. Usually refers to gap in air but other media may
be used.
GELATIN DYNAMITE A type of highly water-resistant
dynamite characterized by its gelatinous or plastic
consistency.
GEOLOGY A description of the types and arrangement
of rock in an area; the description usually includes the dip
and strike, the type and extent of pre-existing breaks in
the rock, and the hardness and massiveness of the rock,
as these affect blast design.
GRAINS
In
the
avoirdupois
system
of
weight
186
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

measurement 7000 grains are equivalent to one standard
16 ounce pound (0.45 kg.). A grain is 0.0648 grams in
both the avoirdupois and the troy system.
GROUND FAULT An electrical path between parts of the
blasting circuit and earth.
GROUND VIBRATION Shaking the ground, by elastic
waves emanating from a blast; usually measured in
inches per second of particle velocity.
GVW Gross vehicle weight.
HANGFIRE The detonation of an explosive charge at
some non-predictable time after its normally designed
firing time.
HARDWOOD Red oak, white oak, hard maple, ash or
hickory, free from loose knots, wind shakes, or similar
defects.
HERTZ (Hz) Synonymous with cycles per second.
HIGH EXPLOSIVES Explosives which are characterized
by a very high rate of reaction, high pressure development,
and the presence of a detonation wave in the explosive.
HIGHWALL A nearly vertical face at the edge of a bench,
bluff, or ledge on a surface excavation.
HIGHWAY Any public street, public alley, or public road.
HOLE DIAMETER The cross-sectional width of the
borehole.
IGNITER CORD A small-diameter pyrotechnic cord that
burns at a uniform rate with an external flame and used
to ignite a series of safety fuses.
IME FUME CLASSIFICATION A classification indicating
the amount of carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide
produced by an explosive or blasting agent. Explosives
with positive oxygen balances are not considered as
being acceptable in these classifications.
Cubic Feet of Poisonous Gases
per (1 1/4 x 8) Cartridge of Explosive
Fume Class
Material
1
Less than 0.16
2
0.16 to 0.33
3
0.33 to 0.67
INCENDIVITY The property of an igniting agent (e.g.
spark, flame or hot solid) which indicates it is of sufficient
intensity to ignite flammable material or explosive gases.
INHABITED BUILDING A building regularly occupied in
whole or part as a habitation for human beings, or any
church, school house, railroad station, store, or other
structure where people are accustomed to assembly,

except any building or structure occupied in connection
with the manufacture, transportation, storage or use of
explosive materials.
INITIATION The start of deflagration or detonation in an
explosive material.
INITIATOR A detonator, detonating cord or similar device
used to start detonation or deflagration in an explosive
material.
INSTANTANEOUS DETONATOR A detonator that has
a firing time of essentially zero seconds as compared
to delay detonators with firing times of from several
milliseconds to several seconds.
INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES (IME) A
non-profit, safety-oriented trade association representing
producers of commercial explosive materials in the U.S.
and Canada and dedicated to safety in the manufacture,
materials.
INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES NO. 8 TEST
DETONATOR IME No. 8 test detonator has 0.40 to 0.45
grams PETN base charge pressed to a specific gravity
of 1.4 g/cc and primed with standard weights of primer,
depending on manufacturer.
INVENTORY A listing of all explosive materials stored in
a magazine.
ISSUING AUTHORITY The governmental agency, office,
or official vested with the authority to issue permits or
licenses.
KELLY BAR A hollow bar attached to the top of the drill
column in rotary drilling; also called grief joint, kelly joint,
kelly stem.
LEADING (LEAD) LINES OR WIRES The wire(s)
connecting the electrical power source with the circuit
containing electric detonators. See FIRING LINE.
LEAKAGE RESISTANCE The resistance between the
blasting circuit (including lead wires) and the ground.
LEG WIRES The two single wires or one duplex wire
extending out from an electric detonator.
LIGHTNING STORM See ELECTRICAL STORM.
LIQUID FUELS Fuels in a liquid state. They may be used
with oxidizers to form explosive materials.
LOADING Placing explosive material in a blasthole or
against the material to be blasted.
187
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

LOADING DENSITY The weight of explosive loaded
per unit length of borehole occupied by the explosive,
expressed as pounds/foot or kilometers/meter of
borehole.
LOADING POLE A non-metallic pole used to assist
the placing and compacting of explosive charges in
boreholes.
LOW EXPLOSIVES Explosives which are characterized
by deflagration or a low rate of reaction and the
development of low pressure. See DEFLAGRATION.
MAGAZINE Any building, structure, or container, other
than an explosives manufacturing building, approved for
the storage of explosive materials.
MAGAZINE KEEPER A person responsible for the
inventory and safe storage of explosive materials,
including the proper maintenance of explosive materials,
storage magazines and areas.
MAGAZINE, SURFACE A specially designed and
constructed structure for the storage of explosive
materials on the surface of the ground.
1/1000 sec.)
MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
(MSHA) An agency of the Department of Labor
concerned with promulgation and enforcement of health
and safety regulations in the mining field.
MINIATURIZED DETONATING CORD Detonating cord
with a coreload of 5 grains or less of explosives per foot.
MINIMUM RECOMMENDED FIRING CURRENT The
lowest recommended electric current to ensure reliable
performance of an electric detonator.
MINIMUM GAP SENSITIVITY An air gap, measure in
inches or centimeters, which determines whether the
explosive material is within specific tolerances for gap
sensitivity. Also see GAP SENSITIVITY.
MISFIRE A blast or specific borehole that failed to
detonate as planned. Also, the explosive material itself
that failed to detonate as planned.
MONROE EFFECT The concentration of explosive
action through the use of a shaped charge.
MAGAZINE, UNDERGROUND A specially designed

and constructed structure for the storage of explosive
materials underground.
MOTOR VEHICLE A vehicle, machine, tractor, trailer,

or semitrailer propelled or drawn by mechanical power.
Does not include vehicles operated exclusively on rail.
MAIN EXPLOSIVE CHARGE The explosive material that

performs the major work of blasting.
MS
CONNECTORS
Nonelectric,
short-interval
(milliseconds) delay devices for use in delaying blasts
which are initiated by detonating cord. Same as
DETONATING CORD MS CONNECTORS.
MANUFACTURING CODES Code markings stamped

on explosive materials packages, indicating among other
information, the date of manufacture.
MANTRIP A trip on which personnel are transported to
and from a work area.
MASS DETONATE (MASS EXPLODE) Explosive
materials mass detonate (mass explode) when a unit or
any part of a larger quantity of explosive material explodes
and causes all or a substantial part of the remaining
material to detonate or explode simultaneously. With
respect to detonators mass detonate means that more
than 90 percent of the devices or more than 25 grams of
the explosive materials in the shipping container explode
practically simultaneously.
MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED FIRING CURRENT The
highest electric current which will result in the safe and
effective performance of an electric detonator.
METALLIC SLITTER A device containing a sharp edge,
such as a safety razor blade, used for slitting open
fiberboard cases.
MILLISECOND One thousandth part of a second (.001
MSHA APPROVAL A document issued by MSHA which

states that an explosive or explosive unit has met MSHA
requirements and which authorizes an approval marking
identifying the explosive or explosive unit as approved as
permissible.
MUCKPILE The pile of broken material resulting from a
blast.
MUDCAPPING (MUDCAP) See ADOBE CHARGE.
Synonymous with BULLDOZE, MUDCAP and PLASTER.
MULTIPLE PATH TRUNKLINE SYSTEM Duplication or
repetition of trunkline elements in a blast initiation system
to provide alternate paths of initiation.
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)
STANDARDS Standards for explosive materials and
ammonium nitrate issued by the National Fire Protection
Association.
NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL (NSC) A non-profit
organization charged by Congress to provide a regular
information service on the causes of accidents and ways
188
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

to prevent them.
NATURAL BARRICADE Natural features of the ground
such as hills, or timber of sufficient density that the
surrounding exposures which require protection cannot
be seen from the magazine when the trees are bare.
NITROGLYCERIN An explosive chemical compound
used as a sensitizer in dynamite and represented by the
formula C3H5(ONO2)3.
NO. 8 TEST CAP See INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF
EXPLOSIVES NO. 8 TEST DETONATOR.
NONELECTRIC DETONATOR A detonator that does not
require the use of electric energy to function.
NONSPARKING METAL A metal that will not produce
a spark when struck with other tools, rock, or hard
surfaces.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
(OSHA) An agency of the Department of Labor active
in eliminating occupational hazards and promoting
employee health and safety.
OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING (OSM) An agency of
the U.S. Department of the Interior regulating surface
coal mining and the surface effects of underground coal
mining.
OVERBREAK See BACKBREAK.
OVERBURDEN Material of any nature laying on top of a
deposit of material which is to be mined.
OXIDIZER OR OXIDIZING MATERIAL A substance,
such as a nitrate, that readily yields oxygen or other
oxidizing substances to promote the combustion of
organic matter or other fuel.
OXYGEN BALANCE The percentage of oxygen in an
explosive material or ingredient thereof in excess of ( +
) or less than ( - ) that which is needed to produce ideal
reaction products.
PARALLEL BLASTING CIRCUIT An electric blasting
circuit in which one leg wire of each detonator is
connected to one of the wires from the source of
firing current and the other leg wire of each detonator
is connected to the other wire from the firing current
source. (Can also be used to refer to certain nonelectric
systems.)
PARTICLE VELOCITY A measure of the intensity of

ground vibration, specifically the velocity of motion of the
ground particles as they are excited by the wave energy.
PARTING A rock mass located between two seams of
coal; a joint or crack in rock.
PASSENGER RAILWAY Any steam, electric, or other
railroad or railway which carries passengers for hire.
PELLET POWDER Black powder pressed into cylindrical
pellets 2 inches in length and 1 1/4 inches in diameter.
PERMISSIBLE DIAMETER (SMALLEST) The smallest
allowable diameter of a particular permissible explosive,
as approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration
(MSHA).
PERMISSIBLE EXPLOSIVES (MSHA APPROVED
EXPLOSIVES) Explosives that are approved by the
Mine Safety and Health Administration for use in gassy
and dusty atmospheres, Permissible explosives must be
used and stored in accordance with certain conditions
specified by the Mine Safety and Health Administration
(MSHA).
PERSON Any individual, corporation, company,
association, firm, partnership, society, or joint stock
company.
PETN An abbreviation for the name of the explosive
pentaerythritol tetranitrate.
PLACARDS Signs placed on vehicles transporting
hazardous materials (including explosive materials)
indicating the nature of the cargo.
PLASTER See ADOBE CHARGE. Synonymous with
BULLDOZE and MUDCAPPING.
PLYWOOD Exterior construction-grade plywood.
PNEUMATIC LOADING The loading of explosive
materials into a borehole using compressed air as the
loading or conveying force.
POWDER A common synonym for explosive materials.
POWDER PUNCH See CARTRIDGE PUNCH.
POWDER FACTOR The amount of explosive used per
unit of rock. Also called EXPLOSIVE LOADING FACTOR.
PARALLEL SERIES CIRCUIT See SERIES IN PARALLEL

BLASTING CIRCUIT.
POWER SOURCE The source of power for energizing

electric blasting circuits; e.g., a blasting machine or
power line.
PARTICLE BOARD A composition board made of small

pieces of wood, bonded together.
PREBLAST SURVEY A documentation of the existing

condition of structures near an area where blasting is to
189
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

be conducted.
PREMATURE FIRING The detonation of an explosive
charge before the intended time.
PRESPLITTING (PRESHEARING) A smooth blasting
method in which cracks for the final contour are created
by firing a single row of holes prior to the initiation of the
rest of the holes in the blast pattern.
PRILLED AMMONIUM NITRATE Ammonium nitrate in a
pelleted or prilled form.
PRIMARY BLAST A blast used to fragment and displace
material from its original position to facilitate subsequent
handling and crushing.
PRIMARY EXPLOSIVE A sensitive explosive which
nearly always detonates by simple ignition from such
means as spark, flame, impact, friction, or other primary
heat sources of appropriate magnitude.
PRIMER A unit, package, or cartridge of explosives
used to initiate other explosives or blasting agents, and
which contains (1) a detonator; or (2) detonating cord to
which is attached a detonator designed to initiate the
detonating cord.
PROPAGATION The detonation of an explosive charge
by an impulse received from an adjacent or nearby
explosive charge.
PROPELLANT EXPLOSIVE An explosive material
that normally functions by deflagration and is used
for propulsion purposes. It may be a Class A or Class
B explosive, depending upon its susceptibility to
detonation.
PROPELLANT- ACTUATED POWER DEVICE Any tool
or special mechanized device or gas generator system
which is actuated by a propellant or which releases and
directs work through a propellant charge.
PUBLIC CONVEYANCE Any railroad car, streetcar,
ferry, cab, bus, aircraft, or other vehicle which is carrying
passengers for hire.
PYROTECHNICS Any combustible or explosive
compositions or manufactured articles designed and
prepared for the purpose of producing audible or visible
effects. Also see FIREWORKS.
QUANTITY- DISTANCE TABLE A table listing minimum
recommended distances from explosive materials stores
of various weights to a specific location.
RADIO FREQUENCY ENERGY (RF) The energy
radiated as electromagnetic waves in the radio frequency
spectrum.
RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSMITTER An electronic

transmitting device which radiates radio frequency
waves. The transmitting device may be fixed (stationary)
or mobile, and includes car telephones, citizen band
radios, AM and FM radio transmitters, television
transmitters and radar transmitters.
RAILWAY Any steam, electric or other railroad or
railway.
RECEPTOR (ACCEPTOR) A charge of explosive
materials receiving an impulse from an exploding donor
charge.
REGULATIONS- FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL Regulations
promulgated by federal, state or local regulatory agencies
governing the manufacture, transportation, storage, sale,
possession, handling and use of explosive materials.
RELIEF The effective distance from a blasthole to the
nearest free face.
RESISTANCE The measure of opposition to the flow of
electrical current, expressed in ohms.
ROTATIONAL FIRING Delay blasting system used so
that the detonating explosives will successively displace
the burden into the void created by previously detonated
explosives in holes which fired at an earlier delay period.
ROUND A group of boreholes fired or intended to be
fired in a continuous sequence with the application of
initiating energy.
SAFETY FUSE A flexible cord containing solid flammable
material by which fire or flame is conveyed at a continuous
and uniform rate from the point of ignition to a cut end. A
fuse detonator is usually attached to that end, although
safety fuse may be used without a detonator to ignite
material cush as deflagrating explosives.
SAFETY STANDARD Suggested precautions relative to
the safety practices to be employed in the manufacture,
materials.
SCALED DISTANCE A factor relating similar blast
effects from various weight charges of explosive material
at various distances. Scaled distance referring to blasting
effects is obtained by dividing the distance of concern
by a fractional power of the weight of the explosive
materials.
SEAM A stratum or bed of coal or other material. May
also refer to a crack or joint in a blast area which may be
filled with mud or other material. A seam may be in any
orientation.
SECONDARY BLASTING Blasting to reduce the size of
190
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

boulders resulting from a primary blast.
SEISMOGRAPH An instrument, useful in monitoring
blasting operation, which records ground vibration.
Particle velocity, displacement, or acceleration is
generally measured and recorded in three mutually
perpendicular directions.
SEMI-CONDUCTIVE HOSE A hose used for pneumatic
conveying of explosive materials having an electrical
resistance high enough to limit flow of stray currents
to safe levels yet not so high as to prevent drainage of
static electric charges to ground. Hose of not more than
2 megohms resistance over its entire length and of not
less than 1,000 ohms per foot meets the requirements.
SENSITIVENESS A measure of an explosives cartridge
to cartridge propagating ability under certain test
conditions. It is expressed as the distance through air
at which a primed half-cartridge (donor) will detonate
an unprimed half-cartridge (receptor). Also see GAP
SENSITIVITY.
SENSITIVITY A physical characteristic of an explosive
material classifying its ability to be initiated upon
receiving an external impulse such as impact, shock,
flame, friction, or other influences which can cause
explosive decomposition.
SEPARATION DISTANCES Minimum recommended
distances from explosive materials accumulations to
other specified locations.
SEQUENTIAL BLASTING MACHINE A blasting machine
designed to actuate separate series of detonators at
accurately timed intervals. Also called SEQUENTIAL
TIMER.
SEQUENTIAL TIMER See SEQUENTIAL BLASTING
MACHINE.
SERIES BLASTING CIRCUIT An electric blasting circuit
that provides one continuous path for the current through
all caps in the circuit.
SERIES IN PARALLEL BLASTING CIRCUIT A circuit in
which electric detonators are divided into two or more
balanced groups being connected together in series and
the groups being connected together in parallel.
SHAPED CHARGE An explosive with a shaped cavity,
specifically designed to produce a high velocity cutting
or piercing jet of product reaction; usually lined with
metal to create a jet of molten liner material. Also see
MONROE EFFECT.
SHEATHED CHARGE (MSHA APPROVED SHEATHED
EXPLOSIVE UNIT) A device consisting of an approved
or permissible explosive covered by a sheath encased in
a sealed covering and designated to be fired outside the
confines of a borehole.
SHELF LIFE The maximum storage period during which
an explosive material retains adequate performance or
physical characteristics.
SHOCK TUBE A small diameter plastic tube used for
initiating detonators. It contains only a limited amount of
reactive material so that the energy that is transmitted
through the tube by means of a detonation wave is guided
through and confined within the walls of the tube.
SHOCK WAVE A transient pressure pulse that propagates
at supersonic velocity.
SHORT DELAY BLASTING The practice of detonating
blastholes in successive intervals where the time
difference between any two successive detonations is
measured in milliseconds.
SHOT ANCHOR A device that anchors explosive
material charges in the borehole so that the charges will
not be blown out by the detonation of other charges.
SHOT FIRER See BLASTER. (A shot firer usually refers
to an underground coal mine blaster).
SHUNT (SHUNTING) The shorting together of the
free ends of (1) electric detonator leg wires, or (2) the
wire ends of an electric blasting circuit or part thereof.
The term also applies to an electrical shorting device
applied to the free ends of electric detonators by the
manufacturer.
SIGNS-EXPLOSIVE
(PLACARDS)
Signs,
called
placards, placed on vehicles transporting explosives
denoting the character of the cargo, or sign placed near
storage areas as a warning to unauthorized personnel.
SILVER CHLORIDE CELL A special battery of
relatively low current output used in some blasting
galvanometers.
SLURRY An explosive material containing substantial
portions of a liquid, oxidizers and fuel, plus a thickener.
SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION Any cartridge for shotgun,
rifle, pistol, revolver, and cartridges for propellantactuated power devices and industrial guns. Military-type
ammunition containing explosive bursting charges or any
incendiary, tracer, spotting, or pyrotechnic projectile is
excluded from this definition.
SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION PRIMERS Small
percussion-sensitive explosive charges encased in a cap
or capsule and used to ignite propellant powder.
SMOKE The airborne suspension of solid particles from
the products of detonation or deflagration.
191
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

SMOKELESS PROPELLANT (SMOKELESS POWDER)
Solid propellant, commonly called smokeless powder
in the trade, used in small arms ammunition, cannons,
rockets, propellant-actuated power devices, etc.
SNAKEHOLE A borehole drilled in a slightly downward
direction from the horizontal into the floor elevation of a
quarry face. Also, a hole driven under a boulder.
SOCKET See BOOTLEG.
SOFTWOOD Douglas fir or other wood of equal bullet
resistance and free from loose knots, wind shakes or
similar defects.
SPACING The distance between boreholes. In bench
blasting, the distance is measured parallel to the free
face and perpendicular to the burden.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY The ratio of the weight of any
volume of substance to the weight of an equal volume
of pure water.
SPRINGING The practice of enlarging the bottom of a
blasthole by firing a relatively small charge of explosive
material. Typically use din order that a larger charge of
explosive material can be subsequently loaded in the
same borehole.
SQUIB A firing device that burns with an external flash.
Used for igniting black powder or pellet powder.
STABILITY The ability of an explosive material to retain
chemical and physical properties specified by the
manufacturer when exposed to specific environmental
conditions over a particular period of time.
STATIC ELECTRICITY Electric charge at rest on a person
or object. It is most often produced by the contact and
separation of dissimilar insulating materials.
STEADY STATE VELOCITY The characteristic velocity
at which a specific explosive at a given charge diameter
will detonate.
STEEL General purpose (hot or cold rolled) low-carbon
steel such as specification ASTM A366 or equivalent.
STEMMING Inert material placed in a borehole on top
of or between separate charges of explosive material.
Used for the purpose of confining explosive materials
or to separate charges of explosive material in the same
borehole.
STORAGE The safekeeping of explosive materials, usually
in specially designed structures called magazines.
STRAY CURRENT A flow of electricity outside an
insulated conductor system.
SUBDRILLING The practice of drilling boreholes below

floor level or working elevation to insure breakage of rock
to working elevation.
SUBSONIC Less than the speed of sound in air at the
elevation in question.
SUPERSONIC Greater than the speed of sound in air at
the elevation in question.
SYMPATHETIC DETONATION The detonation of an
explosive material as the result of receiving an impulse
from another detonation through air, earth or water.
Synonymous with SYMPATHETIC PROPAGATION.
SYMPATHETIC PROPAGATION See SYMPATHETIC
DETONATION.
TABLE OF RECOMMENDED SEPARATION DISTANCES
OF AMMONIUM NITRATE AND BLASTING AGENTS
FROM EXPLOSIVES OR BLASTING AGENTS A
quantity-distance table from National Fire Protection
Association Standard No. 495.
TACHOGRAPH A recording device in a truck that
indicates on a time basis the running and stopping times
of a vehicle.
TAMPING The action of compacting the explosive
charge or the stemming in a blasthole. Sometimes refers
to the stemming material itself.
TAMPING BAGS Cylindrical bags containing stemming
material and used in boreholes to confine the explosive
material charge.
TAMPING POLES A wooden or plastic pole used to
compact explosive charges or stemming.
TEST BLASTING CAP NO. 8 See INSTITUTE OF
MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES NO. 8 TEST DETONATOR.
THEFT-RESISTANT Construction designed to deter
illegal entry into facilities used for the storage of explosive
materials.
THUNDERSTORM See ELECTRICAL STORM.
TOE In bench blasting, excessive burden measured at
the floor level of the bench.
TRUNKLINE See DETONATING CORD TRUNKLINE.
(Certain shock tube or gas-initiated nonelectric initiating
systems also use the term TRUNKLINE).
UNBARRICADED The absence of a natural or artificial
barricade around explosive storage areas of facilities.
UNCONFINED
DETONATION
VELOCITY
The
192
THE BLASTERS GUIDE

detonation velocity of an explosive material fired
without confinement: for example, a charge fired in the
open. (Paper tubes are generally not considered as
confinement.)
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORY, INC. (UL) A nationally
recognized incorporated testing laboratory qualified and
equipped to conduct the necessary tests to determine
compliance with appropriate standards and the
satisfactory performance of materials or equipment in
actual usage.
U.S. BUREAU OF MINES (USBM) A bureau of the
Department of the Interior active in promoting safety in
coal mines and in carrying out broad programs in mining
and related fields.
VOLT The unit of electromotive force. It is the difference
in potential required to make a current of one ampere
flow through a resistance of one ohm.
VOLUME STRENGTH Synonymous with CARTRIDGE
STRENGTH. See BULK STRENGTH.
WARNING SIGNAL A visual or audible signal which is
used for warning personnel in the vicinity of the blast
area of the impending explosion.
WASTE ACID Residual or spent acid from a nitration
process.
WATER GEL An explosive material containing substantial
portion of water, oxidizers and fuel, plus a cross-linking
agent.
WATER RESISTANCE The ability of an explosive to
withstand the desensitizing effect of water penetration.
WATER STEMMING BAGS Water filled plastic bags with
a self-sealing valve approved as a permissible stemming
device by the Mine Safety and Health Administration
(MSHA).
WATT A unit of electrical power equal to one joule per
second.
WEATHER-RESISTANT Construction designed to offer
reasonable protection against weather.
WEIGHT STRENGTH The energy of an explosive material
per unit of weight. Often expressed as a percentage of
the energy per unit of weight of a specified explosive
standard.
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Austin Powder Company, Inc.

Blasters General Information ........ . 2

Legal Disclamer: This guide is intended for

Austin Powder Company, Inc.

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE SUCCESSFUL BLASTER

BLASTERS GENERAL INFORMATION

-Austin Powder Companys Misfire Procedures

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

9. When loading bulk explosives, a 1-ft. to 2-ft. column of

CALCULATE the powder factor

INSURE adequate trained personnel on blast crew

13. Always have adequate cover at the blasting point.

LOAD so shot can be fired prior to completion of loading

CLEAN shot area prior to hook-up

16. Evacuate blast area when threatened with electrical

CLEAR blast area after hook-up

15. Complete your shot report before leaving the site.

17. Always use common sense!

Austin Powder Companys Safety Policy

Austin Powder Companys Corporate Goals

Austin Powder Companys Quality Policy

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

The Federal Mine Safety and Health

precaution to prevent their occurrence.

The Occupational Safety and Health

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

COMMON FORMULAS USED FOR BLAST DESIGN

BLAST DESIGN FORMULAS

-For Dry Holes

Face Height ........................................................................................................... 9

Pre-Splitting Formulas for Air-Decked Charges .......................................................... 11

Pre-Splitting Formulas for De-Coupled Charges ......................................................... 11

Pressure Formula .................................................................................................. 11

Row-to-Row Delay Time ......................................................................................... 12

-Peak Particle Velocity Prediction

Volume of Rock per Blast Hole ................................................................................ 14

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

BLAST DESIGN FORMULAS

Variables used in formula and required units in

Absolute Bulk Strength (ABS)

Base-Charge Length Formula

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

E b = Length of base charge of high density

Acutual Scaled Distance Formula

Actual Scaled Distance

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

ABS E = Absolute bulk strength of the explosive

AWS E = Absolute weight strength of the explosive

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

Maximum Charge Weight per Delay

Absolute Weight Strength (AWS)

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

SD = Scaled distance factor

THE BLASTERS GUIDE

BLAST DESIGN FORMULAS

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

VARIABLES and [UNITS]

Dhth = Delay time between holes in a row [ms]

Hole-to-Hole Delay Times to Improve Fragmentation