PART A

1. Fair Phyllis song is written by John Farmer and published in 1599 in the Renaissance.
The song genre is English madrigal. Its form is short and repeated sections. Its text is
light-hearted pastoral English poem. Its texture is varied, opening monophonically, some
imitation, then homorhythmic for last line. He used word painting as expressive device
such as Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone is sung by soprano alone, Up and down is
sung in descending line. Phyllis and Amyntas name are represented for rustic characters.
Love and country life are portrayed in this song.
2. David Harrington and John Sherba play violin. Hank Dutt plays viola and Sunny Yang
plays cello. Aheym is written by Dessner in 2009. Genre is modern classical. Its form
is the repetitive lines which are fast and driving, the mood is intense and suspenseful.
David Harrington and John Sherba play violin. Hank Dutt plays viola and Sunny Yang plays
cello. Aheym is written by Dessner in 2009. Its genre is modern classical. Its form is the
repetitive lines which are fast and driving, the mood is intense and suspenseful. Communication
between four players is very important in a string quartet because they need to fully understand
each other while playing to convey a beauty music to the audiences. For example they need to
know how the next notes each players will play. This is different from Mozart period. In that
time, the quartet was represented that everyone should rise to their fullest potential so
communication between players was not important.

PART B
String quartet: two violins, cello, viola
Josquins version of Ave Maria- why the change to triple meter in one verse b/c he embraced a
new ideal of beauty.
The list of major world events of the classical era:

French Encyclopedie published 1751

Benjamin Franklin discoveries in electricity 1752.
Catherine the Great crowned Empress of Russia 1762
Joseph II named Emperor of Austria 1764

Encyclopedia Briannica published 1771

American Revolution 1775-6
French Revolution 1789
Washington DC established as US capital 1800
Louisiana Purchase 1803
Napoleon crowned Emperor 1804
Napoleon defeated at Waterloo 1815
Thomas Jefferson plans the University of Virginia 1817

Doctrine of Affections: is a principle calling for an entire piece of music, or a whole movement
of a large work, to be built upon a single emotion (joy, love, fear, anger,)
Opera and an Oratorio:

Opera: large scale drama put to music, with soloists, choruses, and orchestras, and using
costumes and staging. Early form used mythology for text basis. It is a secular genre.
Oratorio: large scale put to music, like an opera with soloists, choruses, and orchestras
but with no costumes or staging and with stories based on sacred text.

Camerate: a group of aristocratic Florentine artists, writers, and musicians who

were excited about new music, and aimed to revive the musical-dramatic art of
ancient Greece. They believed that the new "expressive" style of music could be
applied to whole dramatic works - resulting in the invention of Opera.
Word painting: music pictorialization of words from the text as an expressive device; a
prominent feature of the renaissance madrigal. Making the music directly reflect the meaning of
the words.
Four primary dances of a Baroque Suite are (German) allemande, (French) courante, (Spanish)
sarabande, and (the English) gigue. (page 131)
Sonata form:

A dramatic musical form that involves an exposition, development, and recapitulation.

A form that was invented during the classical music.
A form that has potential for dramatic presentation, conflict, and resolution
Perhaps the most popular form of the Classical era.

Elements of Music:

Forms: is the organizing principle in music; its basic elements are repetition, contrast and
variation.
o Binary: A-B and AABB
o Ternary: ABA

o Strophic: the same melody is repeated with each stanza of the text.
o Sonata
o Sonata-Allegro: the opening movement of the multi-movement cycle, consisting
of themes that are stated in the first section (exposition), developed in the second
section (development), and restated in the third section (recapitula-tion).
Melody: a coherent succession of notes, sometimes instrumental and sometimes vocal,
that we perceive in relation to each other.
Dynamics: describe the volume, or how loud or soft the music is played.
Note: a single sound with pitch and duration.
Scale: a specific series of notes, sounding one after another in a step fashion, and
spanning the distance of an octave.
Chord: three or more different notes sounding at the same time and intended as a group.
Text settings:
o Syllabic: one note sung per syllable of text.
o Neumatic: Small group of notes sung per syllable of text.
o Melismatic (Melisma): many notes sung per syllable of text.
Textures:
o Monophonic: a single melodic line with no accompaniment.
o Polyphonic: two or more melodic lines at the same time.
o Homophony: occurs when one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying
lines, or voices.
o Imitation: when a melodic idea is represented in one voice.
o Heterophony: refers to multiple voices elaborating the same melody at the same
time.
Classification of human voice ranges (SATB)
o Soprano (Female) (highest) mezzo-Soprano Alto
o Alto (Female)
o Tenor (male) (highest) baritone Bass
o Bass (male)
Meters: marked off in measures, organizes the beat in music (measure often begin with a
strong downbeat)
o Simple meters (duple, triple, and quadruple)
o Compound meter subdivide each beat into 3 rather than 2, subbeats
o Additive meters are used in some world music.