[CHAP.

APPLICATIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

102

31. Solve the partial differential equation

azy
at2

16x + 20 sinx

subject to the conditions

Y(O, t) = 0,

Y(-rr, t)

= 1671",

Yt (x, 0) = 0,

16x

Y(x, 0)

12 sin2x - 8 sin3x

Taking Laplace transforms, we find

s2y -

Y(x, 0) -

d2y

Yt (x , 0) -

4 dxZ

16x

20 sin x
s

(1)

or, on using the given, conditions,

d2y
dx2 -

-4(s2 + 1)x

4 (sZ + 1)Y

5 sin x

y(O, s)

3s sm2x +

-- -

0,

y(,., s)

2s sin3x

16,.

(2)
(3)

A particular solution of (2) has the form

ax +

(4)

b sin x + c sin 2x + d sin 3x

Then substituting and equating co~fficients of like terms, we find the particular solution
16x +
8

20 sin x + 12s sin 2x ~ 88 sin 3x

s(s2 + 5)
82 + 17
s2 + 37

(5)

The general solution of the equation (2) with right hand side replaced by zero [i.e. the complementary solution] is
(6)

Yc

Thus the general solution of (2) is

Y

Yp

(7)

Yc

Using the conditions (3) in (7), we find

0

= c2 = 0.

from which c1

Thus
16x

-8

20 sin x + 12s sin 2x

8(82+5)
82 +17

88 sin 3x
82+37

Then takin~ the inverse Laplace transform, we find the required solution

Y(x, t)

16x + 4 sin x (1- cos

V5 t)

+ 12 sin 2x cos Yf7 t -

8 sin 3x cos..J37 t

Supplementary Problems
ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH CONSTANT COEFFICIENTS

Solve each of the following by using Laplace transforms and check solutions.
32. Y"(t)

+ 4Y(t)

33. Y"(t) - 3Y'(t)

Ans.

Y(t)

= 9t,

Y(O) = 0, Y'(O) = 7.

2Y(t) = 4t

12e-t,

An8.

Y(t)

Y(O) = 6, Y'(O) = -1.

3et- 2e2t + 2t + 3 + 2e-t

3t + 2 sin 2t

CHAP. 3]

34.

35.

Y"(t)

Ans.
36.

Y(t)

Y(t)

25t2

+ Y(t) =

40t

125t2,

8 cost,

22

Y(O)

cost - 4 sin t

= Y'(O) = 0.

Y(O)

2e2t (2 sin t - 11 cost)

= 1,
+

Y'(O)

= -1.

4t cost

= et, Y(O) = 0, Y'(O) = 0, Y"(O) = 0.

. t
= }tet + fs.e-lht { 9 cos t + -5vfa
2s m 2

Y'"(t) - Y(t)

Ans.
37.

+ 5Y(t) =

Y"(t) - 4Y'(t)
Ans.

103

APPLICATIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Y(t)

yiv(t)

+ 2Y"(t) + Y(t) =

Ans.

Y(t)

sin t,

V:

V3}

Y(O) = Y'(O)

= Y"(O) = Y"'(O) = 0.

i{(3- t2) sin t - 3t cost}

38. Find the general solution of the differential equations of:

(a.) Problem 2, Page 82; (b) Problem 3, Page 83; (c) Problem 6, Page 84.

Ans.

c1 et + c2e2t + 4te2t
e- t (c1 sin 2t. + c 2 cos 2t) + ie-t sin t

(a) Y

(b) Y

+ 9Y(t)

39.

Solve

Y"(t)

40.

Solve

yiv(t) - 16Y(t)

Ans.
41.

Solve

Ans.
42.

= 30 sin t

if Y(O)

+ 3Y

Y(11-/2) = 0.

= 0,

Y'(O)

c1 sin 3t + c2 cos 3t +

Ans. Y(t)

= 2,

Y"(7r)

= 0,

2t

Y'"(7r)

7T

cos 2t

sin 3t

= -18.

tit

!et - fe3t

(e3u- eu) F(t- u) du

Solve the differential equation

where

Ans.

F(t)
.

={

<t<
t >

Y(t)

= i

sin 2t

and

Y(t)

= i

+ 4Y

F(t),

Y(O)

Y'(O)

=1

for t > 1

!-{cos (2t-- 2) - cos 2t}

sin 2t

= 0,

1
1

!(1 - cos 2t)

for t

<

Solve Problem 42 if: . (a.) F(t) = 1l(t - 2), [Heaviside's unit step function];
delta function]; (c) F(t) = 8(t - 2).

Ans.

(a.) Y(t)
(b) Y(t)
(c)

Y(t)

= i sin 2t if t < 2, t
= sin 2t, t > 0

=t

sin 2t if t

sin 2t

(b) F(t)

= 8(t),

!{1 - cos (2t- 4)} if t > 2

< 2, !{sin 2t + sin (2t- 4)}2 if t > 2

ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE COEFFICIENTS

Solve each of the following by, using Laplace transforms and check solutions.
44.

= 0.

= F(t) if Y(O) = 1, Y'(O)

Y"

43.

= 0,

2(sin 2t- sin t)

Y" - 4Y'
Y

= 18t if Y(O)

(c) Y

Y"

+ tY' -

0,

Y(O)

45. tY"

(1- 2t)Y' - 2Y

46. tY"

(t - 1)Y' - Y = 0,

= 0,

0,

Y'(O)

= 1.

Ans. Y

Y(O) = 1, Y'(O) = 2.

=t
Ans. Y = e2t

Y(O) = 5, Y(oo) = 0.

Ans. Y = 5e - t

47. Find the bounded solution of the equation

t2Y"
which is such that Y(1)

= 2.

tY'

(t2- 1)Y

Ans. 2J 1 (t)/J1 (1)

[Dirac