MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION, MUMBAI
A
Project Report
On

Add your Project Title Here

Submitted by

Name of Student/s

Under Guidance of
Name of the Guide

Department of ..Engineering
Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology &
Engineering (Polytechnic), Loni 413736
I

(20 -20 )
*sample of cover page /page :1

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION, MUMBAI
A
Project Report
On

Add your Project Title

Submitted by

Name of Student/s

Under Guidance of
Name of the Guide

Department of Mechanical Engineering

2

Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology &

Engineering (Polytechnic), Loni 413736
(2012-2013 )

Pravara Rural Education Societys

Padmashri Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Institute of Technology &

Engineering (Polytechnic), Loni

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project report entitled
_______________________________________________ has been
successfully completed by:
1.
2.
3.
as partial fulfillment of Diploma course in ____________________ under the
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai during the
academic year 20 -20 .
The said work has been assessed by us and we are satisfied that the same
is up to the standard envisaged for the level of the course, and that the said work
may be presented to the external examiner.
(Space for Sign)
Type Name of Guide
HOD

(Space for Sign)

Type Name of

GUIDE

HOD

(Name & Sign of

External Examiner)
Institute Code: -

Prof. N.G.Nikam
PRINCIPAL

Institute Code:-

PAGE: 3
acknowledgement (SAMPLE)

With deep sense of gratitude we would like to thanks all the people
who have lighted our path with their kind guidance. We are very grateful to
these intellectuals who did their best to help during our project work.
It is our proud privilege to express deep sense of gratitude to,
Prof. N.G.Nikam, Principal of Padmashri Dr.Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Polytechnic, Loni, for his
comments and kind permission to complete this project. We remain indebted to Prof. N.M.
Garad, Dean and H.O.D, . Department For their timely suggestion and valuable
guidance.

The special gratitude goes to , staff members, technical staff

members, of .. Department for his expensive, excellent and precious
guidance in completion of this work. We thanks to all the colleagues for their
appreciable help for our working project.
We are also thankful to our parents who have provided their wishful support for
completion of our project work successfully.

And lastly we thanks to all our friends and the people who are directly or
indirectly related to our project work.

INDEX
Sr. no.

Name of the topic

Page
No.

Introduction

Components used

10

Design Consideration

12

Material selection

24

Manufacturing

27

Assembly

31

Cost Estimation

34

Advantages & Disadvantages

38

Learning Skills

40

10

Conclusion

42

11

References

44

Chapter no: 1
INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
The energy is most important thing. The every work is done by using of
energy
There are two type of energy
1. Renewable energy
2. Non renewable energy
The non renewable energy is mostly used but it is limited in our world so we
want to save that energy. so the conservation of energy is most important .
By inspiring of energy conservation we make a one energy saver
machine Our world is automation world in present also we have many buildings
&more of them have lift for transporting the people up & down. for using of this
motion we create a machine
In that machine we use the motion of lift is controlled by pump means
the downwards motion & it is transmitted to the reciprocating pump & pump
drive & water is pumped.

Factors in consideration of project:

1)

Compatibility with the objective and plan.

2)

Availability of needed scientific and engineering skills in R & D.

3)

Critical technical problems likely to emerge.

4)

Market prospects and potential of the proposed new product.

5)

Availability of production skills needed.

6)

Financial return expected.

7) Cost and availability of capital required for investment.

8) Estimate of costs of development, production and marketing.
9) Growth prospects for the future.

OBJECTIVE
8

The objective of our project is to enable the human to have the ability to move around
the place with absolute ease, with the use of A lift with water pumping .
Salient features of the project:
1. Control the motion of lift using pump

2. Transportation the one place to another place

3. Easy to use
4. Upto50 kg load carrying capacity.
5. Water delivered upto5m

Chapter no: 2

COMPONENTS
USED

COMPONANT

OANTITY

PURPOUS
10

L- shape column

8m

To make a frame

Square bar

2m

To support the frame

Sprocket wheel

6nos

For transmission

chain

4m

For drive to sprocket wheel

Circular shape rod

1ft 2nos

For arrangement of sprocket wheel

pipe

3m

For supply of water

Wood

4*4ft 10mm
thick

For circular shape crank

Piston &cylinder

1.4*30

For pump the water

Motor

12v

For going to lift up side

T-joint

2nos

For pipe fitting

Nut & bolt

25

For tightening of frame

11

Chapter no: 2
DESIGN
CONSIDERATION

12

Introduction:
This chapter describes some of the design technique used by
designers of complex structures. Mathematical models and analysis are briefly describe and
detail description is given of the finite element method of structural analysis. Solution
techniques are presented for static, dynamic & model analysis problems. As part of the design
procedure the designer must be analyses the entire structure and some of its components. To
perform this analysis the designer will develop mathematical models of structure that are
approximation of the real structure, these models are used to determine the important
parameters in the design. The type of structural model the designer uses depends on the
information that is needed and the type of analysis the designer can perform.
Three types of structural models are 1. Rigid Members: The entire structure or parts of the structure are considered
to be rigid, hence no deformation can occur in these members.
2. Flexible members : The entire structure or parts of the structure are modeled
by members that can deform, but in limited ways. Examples of this members
trusses, beams and plates.
3. Continuum : A continuum model of structure is the most general, since few if
any mathematical assumptions about the behaviour of the structure need

13

GENERAL PROCEDURE IN MACHINE DESIGN

The general steps to be followed in designing the machine are as followed.
i)

Preparation of a statement of the problem indicating the purpose of

the machine.

ii)

Selection of groups of mechanism for the desire motion.

iii)

Calculation of the force and energy on each machine member.

iv)

Selection of material.

v)

Determining the size of component drawing and sending for

manufacture.

vi)

Preparation of component drawing and sending for manufacture.

vii)

Manufacturing and assembling the machine.

viii)

Testing of the machine and for functioning.

14

DESIGN

In this machine following parts needs to design

Frame (column crippling &crushing )
Sprocket wheel

Crank
Cylinder & Piston

Hydraulic circuit

15

DESIGN OF FRAME:The column of frame is L section

Dimension of section is= 2.54*2.54*3
Length of column =1500mm
Le of column =2L=3000
Area of the section is= 143.4cm3
Moment of inertia = Ixx=9906.03mm3
Iyy=7338.32
Imin=Iyy=7338.32
The standard material of l column is cast iron
E of cast iron(modulus of elasticity)= 66*
Fc of cast iron (crushing force)=550
for cast iron=

Euler formula
By this formula the load =54.14kg=531.12N

Rankine formula

Rankines crippling load=710.34N=72.41kg

By calculation this frame can carry safe load upto=4*531.12N = 2124.48N

16

SPROCKET WHEEL

17

18

FACTOR

value
19

P
N
Dr
Ds
Rs
A
B
Ac
M
T
E
Yz
Ab
W
V
F
H
S
PD

12.7mm
18
7.77(from data sheet)
7.78mm
3.88mm
38.33
14.88
6.216
4.87
3.85
10.12
0.93
1..87
107.12
18.88
101.68
101.58
24.08
73.17

PISTON & CYLINDER

20

Outer diameter of cylinder:-

1.43cm

Internal diameter of cylinder:-

1.4cm

Length of cylinder:So,
Amount of water delivered =

30cm
2 *cylinder volume

Volume of cylinder:Volume of cylinder:-

172cm3

Total amount of water delivered:- 2*172 =369.45cm3

But
1cm3=0.001lit
Water is delivered at one stroke:- 0.36lit

21

22

CRANK
Cylinder length:

30cm

Stroke length :

28cm

TDC:

1mm

BDC:

29mm
Diameter of crank =
between

stoke length + distance

TDC lower edge of crank

Distance between TDC lower edge :-7.5cm

So crank diameter:-

35.5 cm

23

HYDRALIC CIRCUIT

TO SYSTEM
OUTLE

INLET

NON
RETURN
VALVE

24

Chapter no: 3
MATERIAL
SELECTION

25

The proper selection of material for the different part of a machine is the main
objective in the fabrication of machine. For a design engineer it is must that he be familiar
with the effect. The Choice of material for engineering purposes depends upon the following
factors:
1. Availability of the materials.
2. Suitability of materials for the working condition in service.
3. The cost of materials.
4. Physical and chemical properties of material.
5. Mechanical properties of material.
The material selected should with stand it. Another criteria for selection of metal
depend upon the type of load because a machine part resist load more easily than a live load
and live load more easily than a shock load.
Selection of the material depends upon factor of safety, which in turn depends upon the
following factors.
1. Reliabilities of properties
2. Reliability of applied load
3. The certainty as to exact mode of failure
4. The extent of simplifying assumptions
5. The extent of localized
6. The extent of initial stresses set up during manufacturing
7. The extent loss of life if failure occurs
8. The extent of loss of property if failure occurs

26

MATERIAL USED
COMPONENT

MATERIAL

FRAME

CAST IRON

CRANK

WOOD

PIPE

PLASTIC

CYLINDER

M.S

NOZZLE

Plastic

Nut bolt

M.S

CIRCULAR ROD

CAST IRON

SPROCET

M.S

CHAIN

M.S

T JOINT

CAST IRON

27

Chapter no: 5
MANUFACTURING

28

The process of conversion of raw material in to finished products using the

three resources as Man, machine and finished sub-components.
Manufacturing is the term by which we transform resource inputs to create
Useful goods and services as outputs. Manufacturing can also be said as an
intentional act of producing something useful . The transformation process is
Shown below-

Input

conventional process

out put

It s the phase after the design. Hence referring to the those values we will plan
The various processes using the following machines:i)

Universal lathe

ii)

Grinding machine

iii)

Power saw

iv)

Drill machine

v)

Electric arc welding machine, etc.

29

1) COMPONENT:
FRAME
MATERIAL:M.S. V - ANGLE
SR.
NO

DESCRIPTION
OF
OPERATION

Cutting the
angle in to
length as per
dwg
Cutting the
angle in to
number of
piece as per
dwg
Filing
operation can
be performed
on cutting
side and bring
it in
perpendicular
C.S.
Weld the
angles to the
required size
as per the
drawing
Drilling the
frame at
required
points as per
the drawing.

MACHINE
USED

CUTTING

MEASUREMENT

Gas
cutting
machine

Gas
cutter

Steel rule

Gas
cutting
machine

Gas
cutter

Steel rule

Bench
vice

File

Try square

Electric
arc
welding
machine

-------

Try square

Radial
drill
machine

Twist
drill

Vernier caliper

30

2) COMPONENT:
MATERIAL:QUANTITY :

SHAFT OF SPROCKET
M.S. CIRCULAR ROD

Sr

Description of

M/C Use Jigs and

No

the operation

Fixtures

Facing

Lathe

Chuck

Tool Used Measuring

Single pt.

Time

Inst

Required

Vernier

30 Min

cutting tool Calliper

2

Step turnig

Lathe

Chuck

Drills

Vernier

30 Min

Calliper
3

Threading

Lathe Bench Vice Knurling ------------ 10 Min

Tool

3) Component: Connecting pin

Material: M.S
Quantity: 2
Description of

Sr no

the
opration

M/C
Use

Jigs and
fixture

Turning

Lathe

Chuck

Facing

Lathe

Chuck

Champering

Lathe

Chuck

31

Tool Used

Single point
tool
Single point
tool
Champering
tool

Measuring
Time
Inst.
Requred
Varnier

15 min

Varnier

10 min

5 min

Chapter no: 6
ASSEMBLY

32

ASSEMBLY OF SEGWAY

33

 First of all we made main frame of lift by cutting square rods by

gas cutting, welding processes.
Then joint the circular rod to the sprocket wheel
Then the sprocket wheel & shaft attached to the frame
Then the other sprocket also attached to its place
Then the chain is apply to the all sprockets.
Then crank attached to the frame each crank is eccentric at
110degree
On the edge of crank the rod of piston attached.
The cylinder is fixed on a frame
The end of chain is attached to the upside of lift &another end is
attached to bottom of lift
The lower side of lift the one spring is attached to resist the load
On the discharge of the cylinder non return valve is attached so
water reverse flow is avoided

The both cylinders discharge is added together by applying T joint

As the project assembly takes place

34

Chapter no: 8
COST
ESTIMATION

35

Cost estimation may be defined as the process of forecasting the expenses that
must be incurred to manufacture a product. These expenses

take into a

consideration all expenditure involved in a design and manufacturing with all related
services facilities such as pattern making, tool, making as well as a portion of the
general administrative and selling costs.
PURPOSE OF COST ESTIMATING:
1. To determine the selling price of a product for a quotation or contract so as to
ensure a reasonable profit to the company.
2. Check the quotation supplied by vendors.
3. Determine most economical process / material to manufacture the product.
4. To determine standards of production performance that may be used to control the
cost.
BASICALLY THE BUDGET ESTIMATION IS OF TYPES:
1. Material cost
2. Machining cost
3. Labour cost
4. Overhead cost

36

Cost of project
= (A) material cost
+ (B) Machining cost
+ (C) Labour cost
+ (D) Overhead cost

Material costing (A) is following:

SR

COST

Cost
(Rs.)

(each)
120

NUT BOLT

25

25

NRB

100

400

PUMP

400

800

SPRING

100

100

T JOINT

25

75

NOZZLE

220

220

CHAIN

4M

125

500

L-ANGLES

8M

50

400

10

PIPE

4M

50

200

10

OTHER MATERIAL

2500

total

5940 Rs.

PART NAME

QTY

SPROCKETS

NO

TOTAL LABOUR COST (C): TOTAL WORKING HOURS PER HOUR COST
: 80 HOURS 60 Rs.
: 4800 Rs.

37

720

TOTAL MACHINE COST(B): 1800 Rs

TOTL OVERHEADS COST (D): 1750 Rs.

TOTAL COST: (A) material cost

+ (B) Machining cost
+ (C) Labour cost
+ (D) Overhead cost

TOTAL COST: (A) 5940/+ (B) 1800/+ (C) 4800/+ (D) 1750/----------------------TOTAL COST: 14290/-

TOTAL COST OF PROJECT :-14290 Rs.

38

Chapter no: 9
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES

39

ADVANTAGES
It is automatic.
Easy to operate.
It works on GRAVITATIONAL ENEGRY.
Provides maximum comfort in lift.
Energy demand is decreases .
.
All the system have heavy duty .
Compact in size and easy in working.
It has ability to move in limited space.

DISADVANTAGES

It is required more space

Not perfection in lift

Montanans of lift increases.

40

Chapter no: 10
Learning Experiences

41

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
1) To get experience work with other people & get knowledge from other group
members about working skills
2) we learn about electromechanical system which used in moments of lift . eg.
3) we understand that important thing that which material or specific part we required
which is available in market but not in proper dimensions we required.so that such
types of parts manufacture by self.
4) We learn about costing .we take about cost of project minimum as possible &
strength also more.
5) To know about management of working. We discuss about what will work do
tomorrow.
6) Improve our working & intellectual skill which required in industries.

42

Chapter no: 11
CONCLUSION

43

CONCLUSION
By using this concept we conserve the energy
As not used fuel, it directly affect the impact of global warming.
The one time two work is happened
Using the gravitational energy

44

Chapter no: 12
REFERANCES

45

REFERENCES

Machine design by R.S.KHURMI

Advanced manufacturing by Hazara & Chaudhari

Design data by PSG

www.segway.com

www.wikipidea.com

http://www.engineersedge.com/1
http://www.efunda.com/
http://www.steeltubeinstitute.org/
http://www.sciencebuddies.org/
http://www.emjmetals.com/

46