Civic Ancestry of N 00 Wild

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Old York Library
Plate
XIV
THE
CIVIC
ANCESTRY
OF
New
York -City and State

BY
EDWARD SEYMOUR WILDE,
" Time brings the truth
to light."
A.M.
Prov.
Published by the Author

at the Irving Press, 121
East 31st Street
New York
CP
Copyright 1913
by
Edward Seymour Wilde
The Author
an
certifies
that
this
publication
of two hundred
limited
to
copies
of these ten are specially color
issue
is
and ten
blazoned.
TO THE
NEW YORK
HISTORICAL SOCIETY
NEW YORK
CITY
FROM WHOSE ARCHIVES MUCH OF THE MATERIAL

HEREIN HAS BEEN DRAWN
AND WITH PLEASANT RECOLLECTION OF THE

COURTESY SHOWN HIM
THIS
WORK
IS
INSCRIBED BY THE
AUTHOR
ILLUSTRATIONS AND CONTENTS

Plate XIV,
p.
53.
Color blazon Escutcheon Clinton Kamilv.

"Clinton (Duke of Newcastle under-Lime).
[FRONTISPIECE]
crosses crosslet Jitch/e sable, three, two,
azure, two mullets or, pierced gules.
and
'^
Argent, six
one ; on a chiej
Burke's
General
Armory.
Much
time and labor has been employed by the
writer in the discovery of these

Seal, Plate
XIII,
p. 54.
It is
Arms
as
doubtful
shown
if
in
another
Used in 1777 by George ClinGovernor of the State of New York, in lieu
impression exists.
ton,
of a Great Seal of the State, not yet legislatively
This honorable use seems
provided.
to
more than passing

was the
least quasi,
of
New
notice.
first
it
Indeed, this Seal,
at
Great Seal of the State
York, and was thus used by authority.
New York Genealogical and
Consult:
Record, Vol. 12, No.

p. 5,
to entitle
4, p.
and foot of
p. 10.
Enc.
Brit.,
Crests, 345.
Biographical
195; Vol.
13,
No.
i,
The Book of Family

nth Ed., under Clinton.
America Heraldica, Ed. by Vermont, p.p. 26, 161

(N. Y. Pub. Lib.).
Gov. Clinton did not assume
the crest, doubtless he did not consider that he
was entitled to such use.

Arms,
Seals
and Medals; Dutch, English and American
Painted Arms,
N. Y. City and State,
Page 15.
Seal and Signet, "Amsterdam in New Netherland "
16.
Dutch Declaration of
Dutch Period, 1609- 1664,
Independence, July 26, 1581; William, Count of Nassau,
periods,
titular
Prince of Orange, surnamed the Silent; Parting of the
18. Three arch

Charles V, Luther, Leo X,
Egmont,
Council of Trent; Calvin,
19.
Egmont and Horn, 21. Voltaire; Prince of Orange,
22.
"The Silent," 23. "I will maintain "; Assassins;
The Dutch Republic, 25. City of Amsterdam; Treaty
26.
Zuider Zee; Medals and Medal-coin of
of Arras,
the Netherlands; Bizot; Le Clerc; van Loon,
27.
ways,
17.
bishoprics;
New
The Civic Ancestry of

Plate
I,
p.
Medal by
27.
York
Pieter van Abeele, seventeenth century.
The Medal shows upon the obverse, Count

William of Henegouwen and Holland, bestowing
upon Amsterdam
Above
City.
the shield
Upon
former Arms.
vessel, the
Emperor Maximilian
I,
There
Color-blazon,
III, p. 30.
Spain loses
Bardez
as
Arms, of
p.
Seal of the
33.
last
New
Netherland,
was given
to
William
31.
Dutch West
1621
June 21,
33.
incorporated June 3,
Granted by States-General
above.
in the
New Netherland.
Province of
gtiy repast
Arms
on a pale sable
1623; Province of
Plate IV,
Reverse,
year 1578,
United Netherlands,
32.
Company,
India
some con-
Crest, Imperial Crown.
Amsterdam
The
is
28-30.
Medal-coin, Obverse as of Plate I.

of Amsterdam, complete, gules,
three crosses argent.
Plate
the reverse the
(See Note, p. 79.)
Extracts relating to this medal,
II, p. 30.
a rudderless
authorizes the use of the
Imperial Crow'n as a Crest.

fusion in the dates.
Plate
borne by that
still
door-way appears
in 1623.
Governor Stuyvesant
at
the City
1654, when "he delivered to burgomaster Martin Kregier the painted Coat of Arms, the Seal,
and Silver Signet of AVw Amsterdam,"
34 3 5Hall,
December
8,
Plate V,
Copy of Deed, Abraham Verplanck
p. 36.
The Reverend
to
Johannes Megapolensis, dated January 21, 1656,

certified under Seal of the City of "Amsterdam
in
New
Plate VII,
p.
p.
-^d.
37.
[Unlike
the
Conveyance was signed by the grantor
and
a certified
muniment of
Plate VI,
Netherland."
the
The
copy thereof,
as in this plate,
English
in the
form,
"protocol"
became the grantee's
title.]
Seal, in Plate
V, enlarged.
Color blazon Arms
as in Seal Plate VI.
The insignia g.W.c. on the overpp. 36-7-8.

shield, initial the words Geoctroyeerde West Indische Compagnie.
Privileged, or Chartered, West India Company.
See
39-
Illustrations and Contejits

Plate VIII,
p.
39.
Silver Signet of December
9
8,
1654.
van Cortlandt and his daughter

of Jeremias van Rensselaer,
39.
Maria,
Oloft' Stcvensen
widow
Plate IX,
Plate X,
p.
p.
Plate XI,
p.
40.
Seal ok Amsterdam in "New" Netherland,

used by Burgomaster Martin Cregier in 1659.
Seal as
41.
41.
it
appears on Dutch Resolutions.
37.
p.
New Nether-
Description of
Title page to the
See
land, by Adriaen van der Donck,
LL.D.
There exists grave doubt that Dr. van der Donck

composed this title-page. The designer of the
vignette had
probably seen the metal die sent
over in the ship Peartree
in
shield right but blundered
the beaver the
upon the
Plate XII,
p.
44.
die
"Whereas
He
on the
crest,
wrong way but
just as
it
got the
turning
appeared
itself.
have thought
1654.
Scales," p. 43.
At
this
York and Albany, was, by
fit
to
appoint
time James,
two
Duke
of
patent from his brother
Charles II, Proprietor of the territory in America
formerly
mand
known
of the
New
as
Duke
By commade use of,
Netherland.
the Seals to be
the one by the Province and the other by the Cor-
poration of
The
New
York, were sent over
in
1669.
Provincial Seal bore the Ducal arms with
the label, the ribbon bearing the legend Sigill-
Provinc-Novi-Eborac being
sixteen years before
force
that
this
Seal
added. This was

became
King.
The
James
should have now can be
gathered from the foregoing statement.
does not seem appropriate to place
At any
it promupon a public building in this country,

especially when the subsequent career of James
as King is considered. The Crown in the insignia
of New York was " defaced "in 1778 and 1 784.
rate
it
inently
lo
Plate XIII,
Plate XIV.
Plate XV,
George Clinton Seal,
54.
p.
New York
exact size
and enlarged.
Frontispiece.
of the State of New York, enlarged and
disentangled from the letter " T," in the Com-
Arms
55,
p.
mission
XVI.
of Andries Wilson, Gentleman, Plate

This Commission, dated April 2, 1778,
was signed by the Governor about two weeks

subsequent to the passage of the Act of March
16.
Compare with
Plates
XIX, XX, XXI and
XXII.
Plate XVI,
Commission of Andries Wilson, showing
55.
p.
also
Privy Seal.
Plate XVII,
The Great Seal
56.
p.
"1777," and
Plate XVIII,
Plate XIX,
Plate
XX,
Plate XXI,
Plate XXII,
p.
New York,
Frustra."
to supporters in Plate
XV.
to featured Sun, water and rocks in Plate XV,

and attempted assassination of the Prince of
Orange in 1582.
58.
p.
of the State of
origin.
As
57.
p.
As
57.
p.
"
56.
p.
its
58.
As
to origin
of Crest
in
Plate XV.
is
taken from "Beschryving Der
Nederlandsche Historipenningen." Gerard
van Loon. [The close resemblance to Plate XV, the
This Plate
meadow,
water, the two ships and the featured Sun,
renders
identification complete.]
Plate XXIII,
p.
59.
The Great Seal

of 1798.
[This
is
of the State of
the Seal that should have appeared
the mantel under the portrait of
Governors Room,
New York
New
Governor George Clinton
York City
Hall; instead,
placed there the Great Seal of 1882, Plate
they
XXV, now
in
upon
in the
have
use.]
Illustrations and Contents

Plate XXIV,
62,
p.
The Great Seal
ii
of the State of
New York
of 1809.
Passed without comment.
Plate
XXV,
The Great Seal
62.
p.
of the State of
New York
of 1882.
Let the reader judge.
Plate
XXVI,
Paulding Seals.
63.
p.
This very interesting
Mr. Paulding,
York
made
is
Historical
collection, contributed
in the possession
Society.
of the
by
New
These impressions,
with the several metal dies in question, are
documents they authenticated, and

are pasted upon a sheet of paper. The writer has
been unable to determine the date of this valucut from the
able contribution to the archives of the Society.
Nos. 3 and 6 are undoubtedly by the same

engraver
Plate XXVII, p
66.
New York
IN
Plate XXVIII,
Plate
XXIX,
p.
p.
67.
67.
Mr.
Billings, p. 64.
City Seal,
"Sunk
in
Steel,"
1814.
Seal of
See
New York
Appendix B,
Seal, Plate
XXVI,
City now in
wherein
is
No.
discussed.
5,
use.
Paulding
THE
ANCESTRY OF
NEW YORK
CIVIC
To
answer you, says Philander, in the language of a medallist, you

upon a cabinet of medals as a treasure of money, but of
knowledge; nor must you fancy any charms in gold, but in the figures and
inscriptions that adorn it.
The intrinsic value of an old coin does not
are not
to look
consist in
its
metal, but
its
erudition.
It is
the device that has raised
may carry
of money that was
species, so that at present an as or an obolus
denarius or a drachma
a piece
hundred years ago, may

gmneas.
15
now
be rated
at
not worth a penny

50 crowns or perhaps lOO
Dialogues upon the Usefulness of Ancient Medals.
Numismatology
relation
is
is
Addison.
defined as the science of coins and medals, in their
Webster.
to history.
-T
the
higher price than
not proposed that this narration should take the
[form of an historical essay but rather that of a lawyer's

brief of the facts
'of
in
particularizing
case
this
Arms,
Seals and
Medals
the various
period, the English period, and our
of the City and State of
and principles relating
New
own
in their relation to history,
insignia arising
little,
Dutch
York.
to the general stock
this
attempt to add,
of knowledge and cultivation, does not,
therefore, involve a history of the arbitrary rule of the
Company,
in the
unfinished period of the history
In thus specializing a very interesting subject,
however
to the science
Dutch West India
623-1 664, covering the greater part of the Dutch period.
taken from Emanuel van Meteren's History of the Netherlands, in which

Motley, in his United Netheraccount in print of Hudson's discovery of i6og.
lands, Conclusion, refers to this writer " as a plain Protestant merchant of Antwerp and Amsterdam,
who wrote an admirable history of the war and of his own times, full of precious details, especially
rich in statistics, a branch of science which he almost invented, which still remains as one of the
leading authorities, not only for scholars, but for the general reader."
I.
Initial letter
appeared the
first
New
i6
Neither does
York, nor
that time
Duke
of
subsequent short but changeful career as King, which
at
it
his
York
went
involve the proprietary government of James,
far
to put the taste of rebellion in the
mouths of most
of his American Colonial subjects, as well as of his subjects
Neither does
it
at
home.
involve the momentary and but partial relief in the reign
of Dutch William III, with scant thanks to William; nor of the fantastic
insolence of the English Cornburv; nor of the nearer events that ripened
into the Declaration of 1776
which resulted
in
the final overthrow of
an almost unbroken misrule of more than 160 years.
But our subject
does necessarily cover the numismatology relating to the complete term
of these several periods down to the present time, and in addition thereto
takes us back to the year 1275 in the
origin of the seals
somewhat clouded accounts of the
and arms of the parent Amsterdam.
enable us to determine the heraldic origin
ducted
the
city
owner
government
in
fee
New York
in
will
of the " painted arms and
the seal together with the signet cut in silver " of
Netherland " which were received by the
This review
"Amsterdam
Stuyvesant
in
New
personally con-
1654 from the West India Company, then
of Manhattan.
was horn Dutch, and from 1609 to 1664 remained Dutch.
Following the discovery of 1609, under the auspices of the Dutch East
India
Company
chartered
March
20,
1602
and up
to 1621,
no serious
attempt had been made to utilize the new possession beyond the maintenance of possessory rights and the granting by the States-General of a
trading license, for a limited period, to an association of
This instrument bore date October
ii,
Dutch merchants.
16 14, and conferred an exclusive
New Tork

right to trade with "
New
This privilege expired January
nated.'
The Half Moon had
Town
Spain.
Hall
At
this
sailed
month
ninth of the same

the
Netherland," now for the
at
i,
ij
time so desig-
first
1618.
from Amsterdam April
4, 1609.'
On
the
truce for twelve years had been signed at
Antwerp between the States-General of Holland and
time the Northern Provinces of the Netherlands, which
had declared independence of Spain July 26, 1581/were just merging

into a world
power
Dutch Republic.
as the
of the Empire had abdicated

his
son, Philip
II.
The
in
Charles
of Spain and
1555-6, and was succeeded
father,
whose
fruitless
in
Spain by
endeavor and unsated
ambition led to his retirement, released to the son, not only the kingdom
and the inheritance of the seventeen provinces of the
Netherlands,
together with the balance of the vast territories then subject to Spain, but
also his
own greed of empire,
intervention in the Netherlands, of William,
that led to the
Nassau,
titular
Philip by a religious bigotry
intensified in
Prince of Orange, surnamed the Silent,
Count of
who became,
as
the champion of religious freedom and of the maintenance of the ancient

charters, the
Washington of
ensued, resulting
in
the
that
day.
territorial
the United Netherlands of
division
long and
about
Queen Wilhelmina and
This parting of the ways
is
as
bloody
conflict
comprised within
the Belgium of today.
thus epitomized by a well-known recent
writer
By
the Treaty of Arras (January, 1579) the Southern Provinces
maintain the
Roman
2.
Brodhead, Hist. State of N. Y.,
3.
Ibid.,
4.
Ibid., I. 21;
I.
bound themselves "to
Catholic religion," and practically to submit to Philip.
I.
62.
24.
Harrison, William the Silent, 2r3.
And
in the
same
New
i8
month
the Northern Provinces
Guelderland,
Tork
Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, and
its
districts
formed the Union of Utrecht, which bound them to promote the Protestant creed, and pracHere were shattered the Pacification of Ghent, the
tically to abjure allegiance to the King.
Union of
Perpetual Edict, and the
and Protestant
Brussels, and
The
league.
in a national
all
the other laborious efforts to unite Catholic
Catholics of the South pledged themselves to the old
Church; the Reformers of the North pledged themselves

Yet here too,
the exclusion of the other.
germs of the future history of the Netherlands,

institutions
which to-day we
see in
that
and both
to the Protestant cause;
in the dissolution
to
of the larger confederation, lay the
contrast of race, religion, language, and
Belgium and Holland.
(Frederic Harrison, William the Silent, Macmillan
&
Co., 1907, p. 202.)
Charles V, grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella, was born at Ghent,
A.D.
1500.5
At
the age of sixteen he
years later, at the death of Maximilian
Crown
became King of Spain, and three

he was elected to the Imperial
I,
as Charles V.
During the
early part of his
reign the seventeen
provinces of the
Pays-Bas, then comprising the Netherlands, were, in large measure,
governing
of
the old
common
15
5,
charters of this loose confederacy arose in the nature
law or usage, and for a time were so respected by the
Henry VIII of England,
over-lord.
were
1509, and
Francis
time just beginnning to take a conspicuous part in the
at this
bid defiance to the
Pope
at the gates
movement which Leo
abnormally exhilarated
absorbed
in
his
Boniface VIII,
by
affected
his
5.
of the Castle Church

to
despise
elevation
made two hundred
years
and
the
to
endeavors to verify the
Religion was a lucrative fable."*
6.
new
of France,
history of the Sixteenth Century, Luther was thirty-three, and
self-
before,
Wittenberg,
neglect, he being
pontifical
profane
Respect for
at
had just
throne
expression
that
and
of Pope
"the Christian
his birthplace
and
affection
Motley, Rise Dutch Republic, I. 49; Singleton, The World's Great Events, III. 1230.
William Cook Taylor, LL.D., etc.. Students' Manual Modern Hist., London, 1858, 7th
Motley, R. D. R., I. 67; Adrian VI., Tope, denounces the crimes of the Church.
ed., 156.
New

for
companions
early
his
gave umbrage to
some time
his
afterward,
led Charles
govern with
to
German
Spanish and
when swayed by
Tork
subjects,
19
preference that
and
it
was not
until
the exigencies of a varying policy,
Netherlands
that he issued the edict against heresy in the
He
1550.'
in
then claimed an uncompromising purpose to suppress religious reform,
but
his acts fell short of
reins that the edict
and
his decrees,
was not until the son held the
it
was renewed, and when Philip departed
for Spain, in
1559, he showed his contempt for the feelings of his Belgian subjects in
Margaret of Parma, natural daughter
the appointment of his half-sister,
Emperor Charles V,
of the
Up
lands
time there were only four bishoprics in the
this
Arras,
Cambray, Tourney
obtained a bull
Philip
at
to
from
and
Utrecht
IV
Paul
Granville,
soon
but
creating three
Mechlin, Cambray and Utrecht, and
between them.^
to
Regent.
as
now, 1559-60,
arch
bishoprics,
bishoprics were divided
fifteen
created
Nether-
Cardinal,
was
designated
be Archbishop of Mechlin and Primate of the Netherlands.
cipal
Council
of State, with
Bishop of Arras,
and Viglius,
titular
brother
D. R.,
Ibid., R.
S.
Ibid., I. 218.
9.
Ibid., I. 173;
their
the
Cardinal
influence
were withdrawn,
troops
7.
of
Regent, was composed
I.
the
129.
Harrison, William the Silent, 26.
Prin-
of Perronet,
Berlaymont,
noble,
Orange and Egmont,
Orange and Egmont were not admitted
conclave, but for a time
Spanish
the
lawyer, agents of Philip, with
members.^
The
Protestant and Catholic.
created dissatisfaction with both
This
met with
Cardinal
real
went
to the inner
success.
into
as
The
retirement
20
But
was adjourned.
secret Consulta
and the
New
this
York
was
retreat to
give
space for a more deadly spring, and the way was prepared.
The
system
Council of Trent, which met
method of
many
render easy reference to
as to
1545, so codified that ingenious
in
texts
which
justified
any
"Accord-
diffusing the true belief or exterminating the false.
ingly, a short time after the close of the Council, an interview took place
between two personages, of very
sinister
Oueen of
Catherine de Medicis, mother of the
Alva met
at
Bayonne
discussed, and
man
Spain, and the
that
Duke
of
In this consultation great things were
1565.
was decided by the wickedest
it
Europe
in
in
augury for the Protestant cause.
government could not be
woman and
safe
the harshest
nor religion honored
unless by the introduction of the Inquisition and the general massacre
of heretics in every
But
land."'"
it
was not until seven years
later that
the massacre of St. Bartholomew took place.
" In
from
December of
Philip.
He
Alva received
the following year,
entered Brussels in state August 22,
army of some twenty-four thousand men,
in
April,
and
in
three
march from the Mediterranean

and experienced soldier
10.
11.
1567, with an
Italy,
and
a force
of
mercenaries, with artillery, engineers and six thousand horses
altogether the best soldiers and
Genoa
commission
consisting of about nine thou-
sand Spanish veterans, twelve hundred troopers from
German
his
in
in
Europe.
He
had
months achieved the long and
to Brabant.""
his sixtieth
White, i8 Christian Centuries, 441.

W. the S., 80; Motley, R. D. R.,
Harrison,
equipment
I.
537.
The
chief was a
left
difficult
consummate
year, an arrogant Spanish
Duke.
New York

The Regent
had been informed of
prevailed.
tion
The Duke,
his
his
as
coming and the utmost consterna-
master's Viceroy, became practically
master of the land, and the Reign of Terror began
was instituted.
tion
the
Lutheran and the Calvinist
hated each other to a degree inversely to the smallness of their
This divergence was
difference. "^
vinists
the Council of Blood
the other Protestants, the Reforma-
had formed into two great divisions
who
little
Under Luther, and
21
bar to concert of action.
The
were probably most actively partisan, although indeed there was
to
Roman
choose; while the
Church, for
Universal
Catholic Hierarchy insisted upon a
brought with
this
Germany, Luther had given
a fatal
blow
it
complete revenue.
In
while
the
to this insistment,
Netherlands were divided; the Southern portion was undoubtedly
eran departure had
made
headway
great
in
the North, the followers of
Calvin seem to have been most belligerent in what

Calvinists were offensive, the Lutherans defensive.
Alva made
little
was to extirpate heresy.
It
is
said that
all
who
This
due
12.
13.
to
the
out.
His business
hundred persons, not
enforcement
exertions
White, 18 C. C, 460.
Motley, R. D. R., II. 146;
of
Ibid.,
the
I.
696.
of
Count
the warnings of William the Silent
convince of their danger, were
partial
these differences
perished in fight, storm, siege and massacre. '^
Egmond and Admiral Horn, whom

failed to
Of
The
he boasted, on his resignation,
that he had put to death eighteen thousand six
counting
now Belgium.
is
His path had been marked
account.
Roman
While the Luth-
Catholic, as the sequel proved, and has so remained.
had
Cal-
the
Prince
among
edicts
of
the
first
under
the
Orange,
who
victims.
Regent was
lost
fortune,
New
22
many
friends
and
but gained an imperish-
itself in the cause,
finally life
York
able name.
son.
We have already quoted

We now quote the first
"When we
" we
learn
how
from William the

words of
a State,
from an origin almost unnoticed, rapidly rose into greatness, was formed
human
all
of the mainland which began the revolution
Those
forecast.
Brabant,
infinite labor,
and had maintained
own
its
by
itself
by taking under
"The man who
made
inspired, founded, and
William, Count of Nassau,
titular
epigram of Voltaire records the
of
his
Himself the mainspring of

political
His memory
and
is
man, he professed
passionately
Commonwealth,
finally as a
as a
Merurs, Cap. 164.)
development was
The
Silent.
eloquent
nature and his
like his
The man who
count, became by inheritance a
all
that
in
at
and minister of the Empire,
as
grandee of boundless magnificence.
national and religious insurrection,
whilst steadily opposing

still
German
and religious passions which were
Personally a devout
Christian belief,
illustrious
the
His career,
as a soldier
ambassador and lieutenant of the King of Spain, and
moderating the
les
Lutheran by family, he was brought up a Catholic,
His early years were passed
a Calvinist.
achieve
from the sea
their possessions in
with complex elements.
filled
organized the national rebellion of Holland, by birch
Flemish magnate and a sovereign prince.
surnamed
achievement.
was made -up of anomalies and
circumstances,
all
possible this marvellous
Prince of Orange,
result
failed to
won
monarchy of Spain."
protection the
its
(Voltaire, Essai sur
struggle.
herring-fishery, rose suddenly to be a formidable
its
against Philip II., despoiled his successors of almost
the East Indies, and ended
and died
and wealthy provinces
large
Flanders and Hainault
In the meantime, a small corner of Europe, which had been
their freedom.
power, held
prose epic:
this
study the foundation of the United Provinces," says a great French writer,
without design, and in the end belied
by
by Frederic Harri-
Silent
his best energies
were spent
once the cause and the
succession
all
was extreme and
result
in
of the
the three great forms of
all
cherished in his adopted fatherland:
that
was
first
as the
violent in each.
founder of an
then as the father of a long line of able statesmen and ruling princes,
martyr to the cause of national independence and liberty of conscience.
William, the eldest son of William, Count of Nassau, and of Juliana of Stolberg, was
born
of
in
race,
many
and seven daughters.
By
birth
he was, through
many
war and
chiefs illustrious in
titles,
offices,
a singular fortune
Rene, dying on the
in
council, and
and vast possessions

the
field
in
which by
Germany,
in
of splendid alliances had
Netherlands, and in France.
boy William, then aged eleven, was named by the
young and
the Netherlands, together with the
childless, as heir to the
puny
State of
eldest
German
House which had produced
a series
the
1533, the
generations, of pure
the heir of one of the smaller ruling houses of the Empire, a
amassed
By
the hereditary castle of Dillenburg, in Nassau, on the 25th of April,
five sons
immense
fiefs
will
of
his
cousin
of the Nassau race in
Orange on the Rhone, and the barren
title
of
The Civic Aticestry of Neiv Tork
princedom which he never
petty
down
descendants
of
From
Prince of Orange.
sovereign
father,
his
own
our
to
23
twelfth year William of Nassau bore the style of the
his
and he transmitted
visited,
the
sovereignty
titular
to his
At the age of twenty-six, William became, by the death
times.
head of the House of Nassau-Dillenburg, the possession and revenues of which
he transferred to
his
Thus, whilst
brother John.
him
fortune concentrated on
with princely and royal houses, Flemish,
whose descendants
German,
an even larger part
filled
was
birth
his
noble as any
as
By
singular array of honors and of estates.
or French, he
in the
left a
in
Europe,
his four marriages
family of twelve children,
annals of Europe than did the ancestors of
William himself."
The Treaty
Henry
of Cateau-Cambresis, between
Philip II of Spain, after a three years' war, was
of France and
concluded April 3d,
1559, and the Prince was selected as one of the State hostages to reside
with Henry, in order to guarantee the execution of the treaty.
went
to Paris in
incident which
June, 1559, and
won him
was there that took place the famous
it
name of The
the
William
Mr. Harrison quotes
Silent.
the story from the Catholic historian Pontus Payen, as follows
" One
day, during a stag-hunt
had increased so much
would not be easy nor
who would one day

to get the
in
his
Kingdom, and even some

of
God
his
This was the more

princes of the blood,
The King
But the Prince, subtle and adroit
were on
purged of the 'accursed vermin,'
it
to leave
him
their side.
his
new
Orange
made with
as
from the lowest
to
they were allowed
the
for
in the
son, the King of Spain, that he
Duke of Alva
King revealed
the
men
But he hoped by the grace
all
he was
for the extirpation
he was, answered the good King
this belief the
between the King of Spain and himself
if
in the full conviction that
under the impression that he, the Prince, was
propounded by Alva; and under
the late war,
His conscience, said the King,
be feared since some of the chief
he had with
that
heresy.
heretics,
to
talked on thus to
cognisant of the secret agreement recently
still
who, during
Protestant sectaries
great sorrow.
government, under pretence of religion,
and the good understanding
would soon master them.
to his
realm secure until he could see
overthrow
upper hand.
number of
Kingdom
his
de Vincennes, Henry, finding himself alone with
in the Bois
the Prince, began to speak of the great
in
in full possession
such a
way
of
as
of the scheme
the details of the plan arranged
rooting out and rigorous punishment of the
the highest rank, and in this service the Spanish troops
were
to
be
mainly employed."
Mr. Harrison adds

"All
this the
Prince heard without a
word and without moving
not only gave the eloquent Prince his paradoxical name, but
it
proved
a muscle.
a great
epoch
This incident
in his life,
The Civic Ancestry of Neiv York
24
it is
much
hardly too
to say an
epoch
"
confess that
introduce an
spread to entrap the lords of the land
as
and
in
hands.
It
Seeing
my
could not supplant
their creatures
all
was enough
this
whole
for
man
do
my
done
worthy deed,
With
askance
way)
best to drive this Spanish

1,
my
to be held in perpetual
fit
The
the remark that Pontus
Prince, having thus
No
business of importance.
what he had heard
friends
own
treasuries
by
who
And when he
left
tells
is
all
who
resolved with
and of
this resolve 1
have stood with
us,
have
the story almost exactly as
from the King, maintained
make
his
composure
He
for
journey to the Netherlands on private
Brussels than he explained
to his intimate
to the excellent
fill
up an absolute tyranny under pretence
the city, he counselled
Philip to antagonize, yet not powerful
how
the Spaniards
made:
in the States-General
time, a state of equilibrium
to
were, nets
(he said) designed to exterminate the great chiefs so as to
William was now twenty-six.
perfectly well
whom
it
this device fall into their
the Bois dc Vincennes, giving a sinister meaning
of the Spanish troops a formal demand
for a
as
honor."
confiscations, and ultimately to set
of extirpating heresy.
saw,
vermin from the land
Payen
to
thus
an image to be condemned to the stake.
at
comrades, and
his secret
leave
who were
worthy people
much, wherein they designed
confess that from that hour
sooner had he reached
in
purposes of the two Kings,

their
wrung
three days, and then obtained
so
of Spain.
that
did Orange himself, this further quotation
two or
the
all
owed
any other way, might by
to look
have never repented, but believe that
Writing more than twenty
age."
well as the people, so that those
(he continues in his impetuous
soul to
pity for
which
for the country, to
worse and more cruel than
Inquisition
his
was deeply moved with
devoted to slaughter, and
of
in the history
years afterwards in his Apology,^^ he says
them
to
make
about to be held
at
was too powerful
enough
to defy the
was established.
the withdrawal
Ghent.
noble for
King.
Thus,
Philip understood
the Prince stood,'* but he temporized, appointed
Governor of Holland, Zealand and Utrecht, and took
him
his departure for
Spain, appointing his half-sister Margaret, Regent; and William became
nominally a
member of
her Council, as has already been stated.
was a Catholic, he held to the

W.
the S., 2oS-2og.
14.
Harrison,
15.
Motley, R. D. R.,
I.
1S2.
faith
in
Orange
which he had been brought up
at
New
York
25
the Court of Charles V, but his whole soul revolted at the injustice and
He
barbarity of the Inquisition.
and lived becoming
Yet
his rank.
"who
sake of the poor people
was possessed of an enormous fortune

he put
this
all
in
jeopardy for the
allowed themselves to be burned."
impossible that the Prince should retain the religion of his youth
His sympathies,
religion of the Court.
soon became Protestant, and
this
after the revelation
determined
his
the
Henry
of
was never conquered.
He
to the end.
His motto "
himself wrote, "
will
save that religion, reformed according to the
permitted
liberty;
that the
propose
to
of God, should be
restored
to
ancient
its
All attempts to bribe or cajole'^ were
retire."'*
free life for the
met with
Netherlands, with
of worship, their old charters, and no Spanish or foreign soldiery.
Assassins,'^ instigated
by Philip and the Pope, dogged
attempts were made upon his
life
the seventh was
loth of July, 1584, he was murdered in
mighty struggle of
his
life
founded a great world-power
Having quoted
this
Word
Commonwealth should be
same answer, the three conditions
liberty
articles
and, to that end, that the Spaniards and other soldiery should be
compelled to
the
fear.
maintain," was supported
have no other
II,
He
subsequent career.
was not disheartened by defeat, nor did he ever take council of
He
was
It
the
was ended
the
first
brief sketch with the last
words
Ibid.y II. 127.

Ibid., 11.356; Ibid., 11.620-621; Ibid.. II. 375.
Ibid., II. 58; Ibid., II. 706:
Ibid., 233; Motley, II. 716.
house
at
On
Delph.'^
unconsciously,
he
the
The
had
words of Mr. Harrison's book, we close
16.
iS.
but,
successful.
Dutch Republic.
17.
19.
his
Seven
his steps.
Harrison, \V. the S., 157-15S, 222, 232.
And
ago,
is
to-day the nation which William founded by his sweat and blood, three centuries
flourishing and
of Holland
house
most
in
the
Europe
honoured
and amongst
valiant soldiers
and some
Don
granddaughter in the eleventh degree
his
descendants
may
ot the ablest chiefs
career of
ment from Amsterdam

cessor,
his
blood of the greatest of the Nassaus runs
The bloody
early in
to
the history of Europe. ^
his
November, 1573;"
In turn
Don John
on the throne
be counted for three cen|nries some of the
whose deeds adorn
Luis de Requesens y Cuiiiga, assumed
March, 1576, gave place
sits
of almost every royal
in the veins
Alva terminated upon
on the 29th of the same month."
disgraceful retire-
his
appointed suc-
command
at Brussels
the death of Requesens in
of Austria,'^ a natural son of the
Emperor Charles V, who, dying miserably

his
New York
26
in
October, 1578,'^ appointed
nephew, Alexander Farnese of Parma, son of the Duchess Margaret
of Parma,
natural
daughter of Charles V, and
first
Regent of the
Netherlands.
Attention
in
is
now
directed to the fortunes of the City of
Holland during and
movement
that
led
prior to this period.
eventually
Amsterdam had remained under

the term of
tionists,
Don
John,
to
Amsterdam
In the early stages of the
Dutch independence, the City of
the control of the Spaniards, but during
in 1578, this
city, perforce,
joined the revolu-
from which time her rapid growth gave proof of an advantageous
change/^
In the following year came about the Treaty of Arras and the
Union of Utrecht, already mentioned,

W.
the S., 243 Appendix, 245.
20.
Harrison.
21.
Motley, R. D. R.,
22.
Ibid., Ibid.
II.
145.
23. Ibid., II. 256, 330.
24. Ibid., II. 510.

25. Ibid.,
United Netherlands, chap.
xxii.
the former, covering eventually

the ten Southern
the
Northern
seven
Roman
provinces,
Catholic and
Protestant
provinces,
New
York
obedient
27
the latter,
independent the
Dutch
Republic.
Up
North Sea
to the time of the great inroad of the
part of the thirteenth
Amsterdam was
in
in
the latter
by which the Zuider Zee was formed,
century,'^
an infant state, but this great transformation placed
her at an advantage through the outlet by way of the Texel, and thence
sailed the
Half-Moon on
her voyage of discovery in 1609,
The medals and
medal-coin productions of the United Netherlands
rival in scope, variety
and execution those of any other nation, ancient or
From
modern.
tions by the engravers' art alone and, as
the 17th and i8th centuries,
Abeele medal
as given
shown
short.
far
fall
then come to the aid of the
since
Reproduc-
their continuity history could be written.
The
in the
works thereon
of photography has
art
Take
illustrator.
for
instance the
by Bizot, Le Clerc and van Loon, admirable
they are, cannot compare with the reproduction
is
series
the owner of one.
This medal deserves
relating to the periods
as
we have had the good
fortune to get from the medal itself through the kindness of a
who
or
be the
to
we have designated
at
first
friend
of the
the beginning of
this treatise.
Plate
Abeele
Pieter
Amsterdam, where he
are usually signed
van
[Dutch].
also died, circa
PVA when
not
in
commemorates the Granting of Arms

26. Ibid., R.
D. R.,
I.
33.
Engraver
I.
of great
full.
to
the
merit
who
lived
principally
His works date from 1622-1677,
1677
His most famous production

City of
Amsterdam
in
is
the medal
1342 and 1488;
at
s""!
which
like his
New
28
other medals
it is
York'
of repousse work and chased, the two sides being united by a rim.
Biographical Dictionary of Medallists, compiled by L. Forrer, igo2.
The
and French works, with translations into English
MEDALISCHE HISTOIRE DER REPUBLYK VAN HOLLAND,
I.
By
t' Amsterdam.
Mortier,
Pieter
Boekverkooper,
op
Amsterdam,
His Highness
England,
to
with an Appendix of
besides
coronation, etc., up to
all
Bizot,
the medals
now, placed
in
the Countships created in honor of the brave heroes
Vygen-dam, 1690.
Peter Mortier, Bookseller,
This medal
made
is
in order
clearly to
Amsterdam of
on
sitting
the
count's
his
new arms of Amsterdam,
mastless
ship.'*
Underneath
appear
these arms the following
gouwen and Holland
many
of three cross on the
Then
cross.
rays
as the
On
dammers
sun."
poem
IN
in
of the
side
Count William
to
the
doorway the old arms
of
regents
THE YEAR
:
are seen
"Comes Wilhelmus
words:
has been written
order to rebuild
liberties in
and canals
walls, gates
and
in
Above
following
the
PRESENTED THESE ARMS TO THE CiTV OF AMSTERDAM
given her
to later generations the origin
consisting of a red field with a black pale in the
center upon which are laid three crosses of silver.
On
show
Crown above t. It shows on one

throne, who is making a present
of Amsterdam and the Imperial
of Henegouwe
has
342."
"Since William Count of Hene-
Holland the devastated City of Amsterdam had
order to retrieve her fallen powers and furnish her everywhere with
in greater
degree than ever, he has
of the
field
cities'
arms
made
a present to the
sign that he has freed
whose glory was waning saw
the restored city
its
Amsterdammers
her of
much misery
liberty shine with golden
P. Dubbels.
the other side there
the Imperial
is
seen the
Crown above
which they had rendered
was
his
Mr.
French by
Etc.
m.dc.xc.
35 ^"f"-^
New Arms
in
that tongue into Dutch,'" not inconsiderably enlarged;
relating to the removal of

their proper order
Vygen-dam,
de
History of Medals of the Republic of Holland, described

and translated from
[/>
made from Dutch
following extracts, relating to this medal, are
to
short thousands of florins and
that
"
C/Iisar
this
the
Amster-
presents to the
him, some say, without, however, being certain, that
needed, getting, instead of payment,

following words are found:
Emperor Maximilian, who
the arms of their city in recognition of their
good
this
services
Emperor
Regents of Amsterdam lent him the amount he
Imperial
Crown upon
their
arms.
Underneath the
Maximilianus Coronam Imperialem Donavit Amstelo-
DAMO 1488."
Relating to the
Amsterdam
27.
There
is
28. Mastless,
Crown, one
receiving out
has the following verses by the same poet:
of the hands of the Emperor Maximilian
a copy in Dutch, Rutgers Col. Lib.
seems to have been an
error.
" Here is seen

Crown in
the Imperial
New

reward of her services rendered
to force
So the faithfulness of the subjects was proven
side.
own
blood and tears gilded by their
their
obtained the Imperial
to their
Thus Amsterdam, whose
hands.
Arms."
the Count's
abdication
l'
Have
la
Charles-Quint,
de
Loon.
.
his
with
never sleep,
lions
jusqu'
La
Paix
dated the
This City, which

fifth
mdccxvi.
en
Premier
250.]
\p.
the abdication of
Translated from the Dutch of Mr. Gerard van
1716.
in
'732.
mentioned
is
From
Provinces of the Netherlands.
The Hague
Volume.
First
the
Peace of Baden
until the
Bade
de
Tome
mdccxxxii.
Metallic History of
Charles
to
sealed
P. Dubbeh.
Traduite du Hollandois de Monsieur Gerard van Loon.'^
go over
to
Count and Country,
HISTOIRE METALLIQUE DES XVII PROVINCES DES PAYS-BAS,
II.
Depuis
Crown upon
ii^
these parts to his Majesty, because the city exerted itself
in
sword the towns of Woerden and Rotterdam
point of the
the
at
York
day of the year 1275,
for the first
this city, I say,
time in a Privilege of the Count Florent,
formerly had
as
Arms
a Vessel without a
rudder, and was then subject to the Lords of Amstel.

In the year
her with
crosses argent.
1342 she
fell
Although
men, her advantageous
this city, in
new Arms,
wit, gules,
to
From time
her to grow in wealth and power.
on a pale sable three
her beginnings, was but a settlement of some poor fisher-
soon attracted to her a large trade which,
situation
who honored
under the power of William, Count of Holland,
Prerogatives, and gave her
several
to time she
was the
from the Sovereigns of the Country because of the support she was
in
caused
in a short time,
recipient of
a
marked favors
position
lend to
to
their affairs.
which she had rendered
In return for the services
reduction of Rotterdam of
Woerden and of
him, on the 10th of February, 1481, (8)
Crown
the Imperial
The
gift
are eternized
as a Crest;
of these
a lasting
new Arms and
to the
Emperor Maximilian
letters patent,
according her the privilege of assuming
mark of the good
will
of
the privilege of using the
this Prince.
Imperial
In the distance there appears above a vaulted archway the ancient
Count William
seated
on
The Count William

reverse,
which,
has made cift of these

like
the obverse,
Emperor Maximilian L, surrounded by

Shield of
Amsterdam which
is
his
is
new
as
Crest
Leyde (16S3)
the City.
In
Arms to Amsterdam
in
we
have spoken.
the year
^42.
surrounded by a Civic wreath, represents the
guards and holding the Imperial
Crown above
the
being held before him by the Magistrates of the City
The Emperor Maximilian
B.
Arms of
Shield of which
has given to
Amsterdam the Imperial Crown
YEAR 1488.
29.
Crown
throne gives to the Magistrates of Amsterdam,
the hands of the Herald-at-Arms of the Province, the
The
the
by the following Medal
the foreground the

at
in
the Castle of the latter place, she received from
lived in eighteenth century.
Die. Biog. Ref., Phillips.
in
the
New Tork
30
HISTOIRE DES PROVINCES-UNIES DES PAYS-BAS,

la Naissance de la Republique jusqu' a la Paix d' Utrecht &
III.
Par Mr.
Clerc, Depuis
le
Avec Les Principales Medailles et Leur Explication.
Barriere conclu en 1716.
Premier, Qui contient ce qui
s'
Amsterdam, Chez Z. Chatelain,
depuis
est passe
1'
An mdlx,
jusqu'
An
1'
Le
Traite de
la
Tome
A.
mocxviii.
Libraire.
MDCCXXVIII.
History of the United Provinces of the Netherlands.
By Mr. LeClcrc.
La
the Birth of the Republic until the Peace of Utrecht and the Treaty of
in
With
7 16.
the Principal
which has passed from
that
Medals and
their
1560
the year
Description.
1618.
to the year
Volume
From
Barriere concluded
Which
I.
Amsterdam.
contains
Z. Chatelain,
Bookseller, 1728.
Plate
Color blazon, Plate
II.
III.
Extract and translation, from Vol. 4, 43.

Fortune, however, was not so contrary to the Confederates that
One
declare herself in their favor.

in the
year 1578 was that they
made themselves masters of
The arms
always been on the side of the Spaniards.
charged
plate
v/ith
Mark
act of concession;
was made
30.
the city of
this
city,
Amsterdam, which had
which
the consideration in
which the
city
are gold^ a red pale,

as
was held,
narrated by Isaac Pontanus and Pierre Berthius,
as
in placing
of
and crested with an Imperial Crown,
three silver crosses,
LXVII
she did not sometimes
of the most advantageous events that happened to them
it
is
seen here on
as appears
by
that
seems that an error
on the Medal 1488.*
Born March 22, I45q; died at NVels, upper Austria, January 12, 1 519. Emperor
Holy Rom. Emp., 1493-1519. Son of Frederick IIL Married Mary, daughter of
Was elected King of the liomans in 14S6.
Charles the Bold, of Burgundy, in 1477.
New Intnl. Encv. and Ency. Brit., nth Ed.
Maximilian
I.
of the
While Mr. Le Clerc
has, with propriety, criticised the placing of the figures 1488
upon the medal,
he has himself fallen into an error in describing the colors in the reverse; which, fortunately,
This is a medal, not a seal, and it is therefore proper
has been corrected by the engraver.
to indicate the colors.
We
will venture a technical explanation
becomes necessary
Hugh
to define
some
why
Clark, in his Introduction to Heraldry
Tables,
In Table
II,
among
others,
which
will
the engraver was right.
In order to do this
it
of the rudiments of the science of Heraldry.
any one of
answer
the
this purpose.
many
editions,
London, gives two
See Appendix A.
" or-gold" and "argent-silver" indicate the two metals used in Heraldry; the
It is a law of Heraldry that when the escutcheon. Table I., is a metal, a
first
charged, a metal should be used.
In
are colors.
charge upon
it
must be a color; and,
if
this again
is
rest
other words, a metal cannot be placed directly upon a metal, or color upon color.
In correspondence with Mr. Veder, Archivist of Amsterdam, this question was discussed; the
writer observing that in the Arms of the City of Amsterdam, a black pale comes directly upon
Plate
EXPLICATION HISTORIQIIE DES MEDAILLES
New York

THIS MEDAL,
part, the grant
the obverse of
which was made
of Hainaut and of Holland,
the
divided into
is
of these arms,
two
parts, represents, in the
first
year 1342, by William, Count
in the
words:
in these
Comes Wilhelmus Hoc Insione Amstelodamo Dedit 1342; and,

the gift by the Emperor of the Imperial Crown:
in
the second part,
ceremony of
Coronam Impositam Donavit Amstelodamo.
CitsAR Maximilianus
The number
at
which
to the city
31
xl, which
the time of the siege of
is
in
the inscription of the reverse, marks the value of this coin
Amsterdam
[i
576-1 578].
Don John
died in the
month of October
of the same year [1578] and had as successor Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma, son of
Ottavio Farnese and Margaret of Austria, who had been Regent^' of the Netherlands.
Return
etc.
to
II,
p.
Medallique Des
Histoire
29,
Gerard van Loon, and read translation from Vol.

Don John
This victory of
[at
the Cities of Louvain,''- Tirlemont,

places of less importance.
But
this
Gemblours] caused
Diest,
loss
to
fall
into the
XVII
I.,
Provences,
248.
hands of the Spaniards
Gemblours, Aerschot, Judoigne, and
was
offset, in
'
several
other
way, by the Accord concluded on
February 8th, by the States of Holland, through the mediation of the States of Utrecht, with
the States of
reduce
this
subjected
to
Amsterdam, the
city
latter
having
then been 'on the Spanish side.
until
under the Government of the Prince of Orange,'''
blockade from
[1578] she had been
a distance
for
so closely beleaguered that
In order to
had not only been
it
long time, but in the beginning of that year

it
was impossible
to carry
any provisions
to the
With this Mr.

Veder agreed.
In Table I, the points of the escutcheon are given.
In Table IV, the Pale is an honorable
ordinary, consisting of two perpendicular lines drawn from the top to the base of the shield,
and contains the third middle part of the field. Saltire. This is an ordinary which is
formed by the bend dexter and the bend sinister crossing each other in the centre in acute
angles, which, uncharged, contains the fifth, and charged the third part of the field.
Dictionary of Terms.
a red shield, adding that he supposed time had given sanction to this error.
In note to 21, Saltire
is
similarly given, but
is
defined as crossing at right angles.
Upon
square shield this would be possible, but as shields are generally greater in size perpendicularly
than in width, the
ac/z/c'
angles would obtain.
horizontal lines crossing at right angles, and

shield.
Not so
in a Saltire, which,
unless otherwise described.
The
by
may
its definition,
.\
or
Saltire thus
Motley, R. D. R.,
33.
Ibid., II. 480.
I.
formed by perpendicular and
is,
limits of the shield,
when not extending
to the limits of
cut off at the ends,
no matter what
.\s
a general distinction a cross
is
X.
reverse as indicating the value of this coin, forty sols, see foot
note 34.
32. Ibid.. II. 479.
is
not extend to the limits of the
must extend to the
the angles, and would then be termed a cross Saltire.
31.
may
otherwise would obtain
the shield, and would then be defined as couped, that
shown thus +, and a cross

Referring to the XL upon the
Cross
172; 419, gueux.
New
32
besieged without the permission of the besiegers.

to the last extremity
and
finally
In this
compelled to submit
to the
way
Tork
the city had soon been reduced
Accord
mentioned by me.
just
In
order to cover the necessary expenditures during the blockade the people of Amsterdam had, by
special
written in
letters
were from day

had, on
trate
the
name of
the King, obtained permission
But these sums proved insufficient
interest.
for their needs,
day rendered greater and more pressing.
to
In
marks and had cost two hundred francs

erable
amount according
which
at present
this
is
to
to
month of August of the following
silver, in the
twenty and
five, ten,
of February the value of these pieces was raised by a

only forty sols then passed for
to
fifty sols,
at
same
the
On
p.
The
sion of
fifth,
sols'**
St.
fifty-three
a rather consid-
when
gold ducat,
forty-eight sols.
year, four different kinds
respectively.
On
the third
so that those which had been worth
Moreover,
in proportion.
by commerce, the Magistrate promised
to
in
order
exchange
price within the space of one year.
249 these coins are given
in order.
" Accord " of February 8th gave the Patriots nominal posses-
Amsterdam,
yet
the magistracy remained
were entertained that
fears
forty
and the other pieces
insure their being received at that rate
them
was worth only
sols,
siege,
Image of
silver
make, which, altogether, constituted
worth more than one hundred
melted
This piece weighed
the rate of exchange of silver at that time,
of necessity coins were struck of
borrow money upon
urgent necessity the Magis-
this
6th day of December of the previous year, caused
the
Nicholas, honored as a patron saint of the City, to be melted.
Of
to
which, by the length of the
would
this
Arrangement was consequently made
lead to
to
Roman
Catholic, and
treachery on their part.
depose these
city fathers,
which
was successfully brought about under the leadership of William Bardez.^^
Thus
the tables were " turned forever in the capital of Holland, and the
Reformation was an established

In
conformity with
this
throughout that
fact
province."^*
change of government and
seven Northern Provinces attained
34.
little
" marvellous
religion, the
development,"
so
See conclusion of foot note 30, referring to this coin at the time of the siege of Amsterdam;
showing, on the reverse, the

35. Motley,
II.
481; 487, 4S8.
Arms
of
Amsterdam
correctly engraved.
See interesting picture of the Expulsion from Amsterdam, Vol.
II.,
shows how the magistrates and churchmen

of the City of Amsterdam were conducted on the ship on the 26 of May, 1578.
Commelin, 1072.
36.
Motley, R. D. R.,
Trans. Inscrip.,
II. 489.
The
picture
Plate
IV
>
/*
New

by
characterized
Frederic
Tork
33
upon quoting from the
Harrison
brilliant
Essay of Voltaire.
The Dutch
East India
Company was
chartered
March
20, 1602, by
the States-General of the United Provinces, and at the expiration of the
twelve year truce-' with Spain

likewise incorporated,
latter
year that
"New
June
3,
Province and granted
1621 the
1621
June
West
21,
India
1623.
Company was
It
was
Netherland," comprising the territory
Dutch claim under
of the
in
the
America
discovery of 1609, ^^s erected into a
by the States-General.^^
seal,
in
this
in
Plate IV.
A
March
photograph of
29, 191
1,
when
this
seal
was made
This Seal can be described only
Shield
line-connected
a beaver
things,
the State Library prior to
the original was destroyed in the State
of that date, of which the foregoing
On
in
in
is
reproduction
as a Seal, in
House
some such way
as this
bend, with a border charged with
possibly pieces
of
Indian
surrounded by a narrow twisted cord terminating
fire
wampum,
at the crest,
fifteen
all
partly
and by the
motto SiGiLLUM Novi Belgii.

Crest,
Count's Coronet between single
inclosed by a foliated rim defining the seal.

United Neth., chap,
37.
Ibid.,
3S.
Brodhead, H.
S.
N. Y.,
I.
lii;
14S.
April
9,
i6og.
stars.
The whole
fully
New
34
By removing
the outer rim, the motto and the twisted cord, the
Arms
remainder would constitute the
Seal
is
of the Province,
used only to make an impression upon wax or paper and
Arms, upon
of course has no colors.

metals and colors.^'
There
only course to pursue
in
is
the other hand, are expressed in
no means of determining
at this late day,
is,
what colors should be used
The
York
New
blazoning the
Netherland Arms.
from the use of color or metal
to refrain
in
this instance.
The
"Amsterdam
steps taken in the settlement of
land " by the Dutch cannot be traced here,
we
in
New
Nether-
are concerned only with
the insignia.
In
the
History of the
Brodhead, First Ed., Harper

is
made
596
to the Seal of the
it is
West
the
"A
stated that
upon
State
&
New
of
Bros.,
N.
Province of
a
proposed
York, by John
Y., 1859, vol.
New
visit
I,
Romeyn
148, reference
Netherland, and on page
by Governor Stuyvesant to
Indies for the purpose of establishing a trade with those islands,
gay repast was given to him
at
the City Hall, where he delivered to
the presiding burgomaster, Martin Kregier,* the painted Coat of

39.
Arms,
See foot note 30.
40. In this
connection
Mr. van
with the following, which
Laer,
may be
under date of June

of interest to a
I,
Dutch
1909,
kindly furnished the writer
reader:
Arms in a paragraph which appears between two statements regardnew magistrates for the city. The translation of the entry is in 7:an der
Kemp, 9:298; but I shall here quote the original and then append my own translation:
There
is
a reference to these
ing the election of
"Vorder
door den H'- C'- aen de presideerende burgerm'- martin Crigier overgelevert het
wapen deser steede N: amsterdam, neffens 't singnet gcsneden In
silver, door de E. Heeren bewinthebberen met het schip de peereboom gesonden, aldus
1634:-'
gedaen Jnt fort amsterdam Jn nieu Nederlant adij S decemb. @.
is
geschilderde en het segel
York
The Civic Ancestry of Neiv

the
Seal,
and the Silver Signet of
been received from the directors

ber
Amsterdam, which had
Holland."
The Coat of Arms has been
1654.
8,
in
New
The
knowledge of the color blazon.

fortune to find
35
lost,
This was on Decemand with
Seal
all
it
writer has had the
wax impressions of the
just
certain
good
great
and of the Silver Signet.
Further, the
Hon. Cleneral delivered to the presiding burgomaster, Martin Crigier,

arms and the seal of this city of Xew Amsterdam, together with the signet cut
Thus done in Fort .\msterin silver, sent by the Hon. Directors in the ship the Peartree.
dam, in New Netherland, this day the 8th of December, 1654.
Translation
the painted
The
other references to van der

12:3, 6,
and
Kemp.
9, for the originals.
4.:I36;
S:gS; and 4:151, correspond to N. Y. Col. Mss.,
The items
to
which O'Callaghan has reference read as
follows:
12:3
"Ten
vierden, is by ons goet gevonden, dat voorde Stat Xieu Amsterdam een Zegel
werden beraemt ende ouergesonden."
Translation
Fourth,
we have decided
that a Seal for the City of
New Amsterdam
sal
shall be pre-
pared and sent over.

12:6
Extracts
from
letter of
Burgomaster and Schepens of New Amsterdam to Directors of the

May iS, 1654. Pray for authority to acknowledge deeds,
reply.
West India Company, with

etc.,
and request:
"dat dien volgens hun toegesonden magh worden, een Stadts Zegel, verscheijde van landts
Zegel."
Translation
That
therefore
a city seal
may be
sent to them, different from
the seal of the
province.
Answer: "Tot het maecken van een Stadts Zegel

making a city seal.
12:9
Letter from the Directors to Stuyvesant,
is
ordre gegeven."
Order has been given
for
July 30, 1654:
" Onse laeste missive (mettet schip de peereboom ouer 11 a 12 dagen Zee genomen).
."
Our last letter (sent by the ship Peartree, which put to sea more than 11 or 12 days ago).
.
As
to the original impression of the city seal,
mentioned by O'Callaghan
in
Doc. Hist. 3:397,
have again e.xamined our volumes of correspondence, from 1654 to 1664, for any letter
from the Burgomaster and Schepens bearing this seal. I have not found any such impresI
sion.
It is
quite possible that O'Callaghan found the impression
those which are at present in this
office,
or else that the particular
among
other papers than
document has disappeared,
as several papers in the Secretary of State's office have done.

It
you to know that Van der Donck's Beschryvinge van Nieuwshows on the title-page the arms of the city of New Amsterdam.
The design is in a general way like that in the Documentary History: but the beaver faces
the other way, the mantling varies and the inscription is omitted.
O'Callaghan is undoubtedly wrong in his blazon of the shield.
may, perhaps, be of
Nederlant, printed
interest to
in 1656,
36
The document upon which
the
seal
New
Tork
was found by the writer
appears in
An enlargement
Plate V.
Dr.
request,
W.
of the Seal in Plate VI.
R. Veder, Archivist of Amsterdam, Holland,
made
a translation of this very interesting
document, and
Veder's suggestion his translation was submitted to

Laer, State Archivist, Albany,
revision,
and
New
at the writer's
Mr. A.
at
J. F.
Mr.
van
York, who very kindly undertook
as thus perfected is given as follows
Schepens of the city of Amsterdam in New Netherland,

came and appeared Abraham verplanck, citizen and inhabitant of this
city, who declared that he conveyed and made over to and for the behoof of the Reverend
Johannes Megapolensis, minister ot the Holy Gospel here, a certain lot lying within this aforesaid city, on the north side of Fort Amsterdam and on the west side of the public highway,
bounded on the south side by the lot sold and transferred by the said grantor to Dirck bensich
and by the latter to the aforesaid Domine Johannes Megapolensis, on the east side by the common
We, the underwritten,
declare hereby that before us
highway, on the north
side
being in width,
along the road, four rods, three
in front
on the west
by the
lot
of Jannetin sabyns, and on the west side by the river;

feet and one and one-half inches, and
and ten and one-half feet; in length, on the north side,

and on the south side, nine rods and five feet, according to the
measurement taken by the court messenger on the 21st. ot August last past, and this by virtue of
a deed of conveyance from Jacob jacobsz Rooy to the aforesaid Abraham verplanck, under date
of the 13th. of August 1649, according to the patent granted on the 3d. of July 1643; which
aforesaid lot, he, Abraham verplanck, declared that he conveyed and transferred to the said
Domine Johannes Megapolensis in true and lawful ownership, with all such claims, right and
title as he, the grantor, has exercised, enjoyed and possessed over and to the same, and desisting
therefore from all claims, rights and pretence of ownership which by him, the grantor, or by
any one in his name, might be asserted to or upon the said lot, as he acknowledges that he has
been fully compensated and paid therefor, promising also that he will free the said lot from all
opposition and claims which might be brought for!h against it by any one (except however the
lord's right), declaring furthermore that he will keep, hold as binding and irrevocable, fulfil and
In testimony
execute this, his deed and conveyance, under the pledges provided by law.
whereof, the original hereof, entered in the protocol at the office of the secretary of this city,
has been signed by the grantor Abraham verplanck together with the Honorable Schepens Jacob
Strijckcr and jan vingc, this 21st. of January 1656, at Amsterdam in New Netherland, and the
present instrument is confirmed by the city's seal hereto affixed.
in the rear,
twelve rods and four
side, four rods
feet,
Agrees with the protocol aforesaid.
Jacob Kip, Secretary.
Inscription
Sigillum Amstelodamensis in
[Actual size of the above seal
Novo
Belgio.
inches diameter.]
\j
M l5^^>'
<i
y ^jw cy
>
>
J
cA2
^r^
5^
5^
^1
^^
. *
^^^
1
Plate
VI
.H^^'^
New York
37
Plate VTT.
The
of
writer
giving such
this seal,
accompanying color blazon of the Arms
the
offers
reasons
for
it
may
as
may not be
or
satis-
whoever should be better versed.
factory to
be seen that the name of the city was "
It will
By
Netherland."
Supporters
inspection
it is
Arms
settled that these
also appears that, as to the shield,
it
Amsterdam
it
in
New
did not have
differed only
from that
of the parent Âmsterdam by the addition of a line on each side of the pale.
The
question then arises,
examples
in
What do
the books where
these lines in the shield of old
these lines
mean?
the engraver, prior to
Amsterdam,
filling
done without warrant, but evidently

In
preparing
the
in
above
are
many
1654, has added

the space between
in
the lines and the pale with dots to indicate a medal
Heraldry.
There
gold.
This was
an attempt to correct the

seal
the
engraver,
in
false
Holland,
probably sought to correct and did correct the error of three centuries
and so avoided placing color upon

old
Amsterdam were
colors as well
shield of
so
closely
As
color.
why
followed
Amsterdam (Holland), they
made
in the
we have nothing
There
in a
is
then not the principal
Indeed, there has been no change
still
the colors in the
in
remain as shown
a black pale charged with three silver crosses,
has been
the lines of the shield of
upon
red
in Plate III,
field.
change
shape of the crown forming the Crest, but with
this
to do.
another mistake that should be mentioned.
very singular wav.
Some
It
came about
time prior to the accidental discovery by the
New York
38
writer of the Verplanck paper in the Archives of the
Laer.
In
engraving upon the

only
known
title
Mr. Veder
his attention
page of van der Donck's
New
was drawn to the
Netherland
as the
Mr. Veder knew of
representation of the seal in this country,
Mr. van Laer could
no other.
it
letter to
Historical
been made, especially of Mr. Veder and
Society fruitless inquiry had
Mr. van
New York
afford no additional information.
And
so
happened that the beautifully engrossed copy of the Resolutions of the
Dutch Committee of the Hudson-Fulton Tercentenary
New
York, shows the Arms of Amsterdam
in
New
celebration in
Netherland with
supporters and the beaver Crest turned the wrong way.

they
knew only
amplify
of the
it,
as
shown
New York
criticise
the erroneous van
der
Donck
the " Resolutions,"
in
now
cut and
is
mentioned, not to
work of the Amsterdam Committee, only
the
proceeded to
exhibited in the rooms
This incident
Historical Society.
Amsterdam
In
to
correct an
inadvertent mistake.
As
to the crosses
upon
the pale
There can be no doubt they were

the
black
pale.
The
question
of
silver,
their
quite properly laid
description
is
upon
discussed
in
foot note 30.
Following what has been
said, a
reading of the color blazon
may be
framed thus
Paly, one-quarter dexter and one-quarter sinister,

half, or,
on
a pale sable three crosses saltire
couped
^/<?j,
argent.
the remaining
Plate
Vni

Over Shield,
Tork
39
Distinct
West
Shield, bearing the insignia of the
flag" of the
New
India
Company
with the
Netherland Republic, consisting of three horizontal
stripes,
the uppermost, orange, then white and blue, dependent from either side.
Plate VIII.
The
Silver Signet of December
Mr. van Laer found, among

the
State
Library,
1654
the Rensselaerswyck
Manuscripts
Stevensen van Cortlant
of Oloff
letter
8,
to
in
his
daughter Maria, widow of Jeremias van Rensselaer, dated N. Yorck,

Jan.
16,
1678, and
sealed
The wax
Netherland.
with
Signet
the
was
impression
of Amsterdam,
imperfect.
have measured about three quarters of an inch
At
the size of the Seal.
in
The
New
in
Signet
diameter
say
may
half
the time of the English occupation in 1664 the
Signet probably remained in the possession of burgomaster van Cortlant.
In the
and the
41.
fire
Archives,
March
badly damaged.
letter
Replying to a
of
letter of inquiry,
The Hague,
29,
191
Up
I.
impression
was
destroyed
Signet nor
Jonkheer Dr. Th. H. F. van Riemsdijk, Keeper of the State
writes:
deWaard,
B. Wolters, 1900.)
the
to this time neither the
" That the question of the colours of our national

discussed by Mr. C.
1,
various epochs of our history, is carefully

book, " De Xederlandsche Vlag." (Groningen,
flag, in
in his excellent
From de Waard's
researches
1630, the colours of the flag were orange,
white,
it
would follow that between 1572 and

between 1630 and 1664, either
blue;
orange, white, blue, or red, white, blue; after 1664, always red, white, blue."
very interesting account

capture of
Brill,
April
Dutch Republic,
is
given by Motley, Rise
i,
1572, by the redoubtable Treslong and
of
the
De
The Admiral,
foundation of the Dutch Republic was laid
la
It
Prince of Orange were orange, white, blue.
changed to
red.
is
25
of the
name of the
The words "of
in the
Prince of Orange, as lawful stadholder of Philip, took formal possession."

Philip" were even at that time ironic.
II.
Marck, when "the
only necessary to add that the colors of the
It is
a thousand pities that the orange was ever
40
other impression of
of
has been found.
it
New Tork
Fortunately, in contemplation
work, the writer secured photographs of the Signet impression
this
and of the pendent Great Seals of the State of 1777 and 1798, which
are reproduced here.
All of these were destroyed in the
fire.
Plate IX.
Amsterdam
Seal of
in
New Netherland
Used by Burgomaster Martin Cregier
in
1659
Translation
[By Mr. Dingman Versteeg and Mr. L.
CoRNELis jANSEN VAN
to privilege,
HooRN
and taken the
In witness of
Done
/
in
P. de Boer]
has obtained the Small Citizenship and the benefits of
which
Amsterdam
this
in
<
Netherland the 20th of Dec.
A 1659.
Martin Cregier
This was found, by the

the
according
has been confirmed with the city seal impressed underneath.
New
<^
Seal
it
citizens oath.
writer, quite recently, in the possession
Title Guarantee and Trust Company, of
New
York.
of
Permission
was kindly given to photograph.
No
doubt of the authenticity
impression, can possibly

42.
Hist. State of
exist.
of the document, or of the seal
Martin Cregier^' was,
in
1659, a burgo-
N. V., by John Romeyn Brodhead, First Period, Harper & Bros., 1S53, p. 548,
Martin Kregier burgomasters, and Jacob Kip
iv:
Stuyvesant appoints Arendt van Hattem

Secretary, February 2, 1653, etc,
Holland Documents, Vol. I. 549;

Captain Martin Krygier and others to the Burgomasters of Amsterdam, Done at New Amsterdam in New Netherland, this 30 December, A 1653.
Docs. Rel. to the Colonial Hist, of the State of N. Y., by John Romeyn Brodhead, Harper &
Bros.,
1856, vol.
I.
646:
The Burgomasters and Regents
of the City of
Amstelredamme
(Holland) appoint Martyn Kryger Captain of a Company of soldiers to be sent to their

Impression of City Seal in green wax.
Colonic in New Netherland, Dec. 5, 1656.
Plate
IX
ym J^^rn^^
//^^^
^Î
ir-v"
^V-'^S
-'~t-^?>^^ >>^-N*-^
f-U^rV^ S^ty^-i^
fiw'^v
'/
Plate
Plate
XI
Beschryvinge
Van.,
^,vl::ri:^
NIEUVV- nederlant>
( (I5ljclijf It i)tt
tegrntooo2Diglj in
^tact
is
Namre,
Acre, gclcgcnthcyt en vmchcLane

felvc
hct
micfgadcrs dc proffijtclijckc cnt
van
baerhcy
Begrijpendc dc
de gcwcnllc tocvallen, die aldaer tot ondcrhout dcr Menfchcn , (foo

uychacr Iclven aJs van buytca ingcbrjchc ) gevondcnworden.
Dcuianlere en onsfjemernt epgenfcljappeu

UnnDc nullum oftc iJ5aturcilniUnnDni2nnDc.
Ecn byfonder
verhacl vandcn wonderlijckcn Aert

V ERS
ende hct Wecfcn dcr B E
Daer Noch Rr Gevoeght
Is
m Difcour( oUrr Dc ge Itgcntfjcpt ban Nieuw Nedcrlandc

UllTffKn ttn Nedcrlandts Falriot
Nicuw
AD
CIUJC
CCn_
Ncdcrlander.
"Befchrtven dotr
A E
vander
Bcyder Rcchtcn Doftoor, die ti^gt^^nwoorI
digh noch
in
Nieuw Nederlant
itU^^'^^
^^
MST
^p
E L
Evert Nicuwenhof, 23ofcb-berfeooper/ tooomtitttop't

Huflondt In 't i^tfci^f-boctfe / Anno I 6 f f
Civic Ancestry of Neiu Tork
2' he
of Amsterdam
master
authority to use the city

India
Company was
New
in
Netherland, and
The
seal.
fact
41
possessed, as
such,
West
that the insignia of the
suppressed cannot be attributed to accident.
This document came into the possession ot the company by

It
is
had come down with

the only one
now
In
a land title.
in existence.
all
probability the seal impression
needless to add
It is
gift.
this
was
verv
fortunate discovery.
Plate
Seal as
it
appears on the Dutch Resolutions
New York
of the
title
page of the
in
There were two
Library
the
is
given
in
New Netherland,
by
reference to the preced-
editions of this work.
which year the author died
prized " View of
in
XI.
Description of
Adriaen van der Donck, LL.D.,^'

ing plate.
now
Historical Society, as already mentioned, p. 38.
Plate
This
X.
The
first
in
1655,
the second, containing the so highly
Nieuw Amsterdam,"
etc.,
appeared the next year.
This completes the Dutch period.

Contributions for the Genealogies of the
first
settlers of the
1630 to 1800 by Prof. Jonathan Pierson, 1S72,
Cregier (Kregier) Capt. Martyn, First burgomaster of

military leader
Ancient County of Albany, From
p. 35:
New Amsterdam;
a fearless and skillful
and an exemplary magistrate.
Valentine, Hist. City of N. Y.. 1853, p. 98:
Martin Crigier, one of the

ne.Kt to
Mrs. Kocks
earliest
emigrants of this city and the original grantee of the property

property cor. Broadway & Battery place. West side, which was
who owned
patented to him in 1643, but had not been built upon until 1659, after which he resided on
this spot.
43.
N. V., Brodhead, vol. I. pp. 341-541, etc. .See Pepys' Diary, (Sep.
Wheatley Edition. Ibid., (Oct. iS, 1664) Ibid., (April S, 1665.)
Hist. State of
Note
2.
29, 1664,)
New Tork
42
English Period
The
Seals of the Province
Period are represented by engravings
York
State
Civil
New York
Society or the
Emmet
of easv
List,
New York
and City of
Public Library.
New York
the
in
New
Editions of the
in the various
reference
of the EngHsh
Historical
In the latter, consult also the
Collection.
James Duke of York derived
New
the Province of
which included
his title to the territory
Netherland, by grant from his brother Charles
II,
in 1664.
Vol. VI,
Att
Mf
Mr
peist'', Mf
Mayor
Steenwyck,
New
Records
Mayors Court held
Johannes de
Ralph
Capt? Louelave appearing
Amsterdam, Edited by Berthold Fernow, pp. 196200.

Present Mr Corn
at New Yorke Octobr the 5th A 1669.
&
with a Seal for the Corporation, with
from
Sherif, sent
W"^.""
said Letter
Mr Mayor,
his
Gownes
and You the
this
must further add,
You
mind
to
Intrest,
that
it,
Strength
I
of
New
for
shall
receaue
all
Way
from
be presented
to
As
folio weth;
am Commanded
and practicable
his
Wish You
to
roRT James
the 6th ot
all
You,
my
to
shall Willingly allow
Convenience transmit ouer

as
is
to
these, but as the
as to
shal
What
more
is
in
Charge;
these parts,
of,
My
my
Royal Masters
Iff therefore
You Will
it
to
me.
and What appeares above my

his R: H: assent, from Whome
agreable to Yo' Necessetiesa nddesires,

I
doe
Cheirefully apply
shal tend to
Receive
happinesse and an assurance that
am Yor
afectionate friend
(:Signed)
Octobf 1669.
his
Mace, and (sueve)
somme of
Govern^ General
be Servicable to
doubte not, but you will have such Satisfaction,
no more, but
of
to present
encouragement and hartey assistance from him, and
no higher Cogitations than what
shal with the best
Court;
to this
Testimony
Perticular
Yorke,
honnour,
his
Mayor Alderman &
for the
Methode for the better regulation of Yf Corporation and present
find reasonable
I
a Letter
Government, Yet you may be assured,
may, any
....
open Court, jnthimatingas
although he esteemes
haveing the honn' to be
professe
Somme
in
Aldermen
and the Publicq Welfare of those Comitted
Consider of
What
of the
rest
Corporation,
honnf the GovT
to this his Citty
part of
itt
that
Wherein
who
to his
Mayor & Aldermen, and
and Substantial!,
assure
this
Mace, and Seven Gownes
Bedloo,
Isaacq
honnr the Govern^
his
Present Viz: a Publicq Scale for the Corporation, a Silver
both for the
Gayety and Circumstantial

essential
Mr
Nicolls,
Was Commanded by
honn^ being opened and Read
R. Highnesse grace and fauour
you from him,
Aldermen of
a Silver
Roy all Highnesse
his
from
Matthyas
Nicol: d meyer, Alderm: Capt" Jno. Manning, Sheril'
Court, and declared that he
in
Worshipp" May!
to Present to the
M'
Whitefield,
Fran
haue
and Servant
Louelace.
New

(:The
To
Superscription)
The
Letter of
aboues'!
&
Maior
the
Aldermen of
honnr the
his
Delivered to the Court a Lettf Received from
New
Aldfmen and Inhabitants of

Gentlemen,
Goucrnr being Read,
you may
you
as
referr
In
to in Yol" Lettf
endeavour
rest assured that I will
whom
With you
Interest
I:
Your Louing
Which
To
Likewise being Read
made
Proclamation should be
that
the
for
being done the following order from
all
W''.''
only
friend
New
James.
York.
open Court, the Worshipp" Mayor ordered
Withdrawing of the People out of the Court
is
full
other things
am
Inhabitants of
in
Royal Highnesse sent
his
Presented to the Court by Capt" Nicolls and
Seal
Mayor
Mayor
have also received a
well as in
as
(Signed)
Mayor Aldermen and
the
aboves'f Letter
to the
promote Yof Welfare and prosperity, by
to
my
W''.'"
St; James lothof July 1669.

Superscription;
Worshipp'.'
the
and addresse of 17th of August A" 1668 by the
Lettl"
can expect to find the advancement of
Yorclc
Royal Highnessc, and directed
his
hands of Collonel Richard Nicolls, Yof former Gouernr from

account of such Particulars
New
the Citty of
43
Yorke, Inthimating, Viz:
have received Yor
York
to his honn"" the Govern"'.
W";*"
Was
Recorded by the Govern? order, Videllez'
j.
James Duke of Yorke and Albany, Earl of Ulster, Lord high Admirall of England and
Ireland,
Constable of Douer
&
Pourtsmouth
Whereas
and the other
Thomas de
for
have thought
the
fit
to
New
Yorke
(:
Lauall) and to Direct that they shall be
These
&
Corporation afores?
&
are to authorize
require
you Cause the same and no others

Warrants, Writs, Executions,
W"^!'
any Waves Concerne
W"^?
this shal
Given under
my
to
Pattents,
You,
be
haue sent unto you bv Mr.
uppon
use of
from and
use of
Graunts, and
all
after
uppon
is
a true
New
Coppy
Yof
all
all
Publicq Concern-
receipts the said Scales,
occasions,
for
Sealing of
other Publicq Acts and Instruments,
New
Yorke respectively. For
hand and Scale
at St
James
this
4th of July 1669.

^^'2""'^)
ColIoneU Francis Louelace
This
and Gouern' of
that
made
which
made
either the Province or Corporation of
be Yo'' Warrant
Govern' of
Ports,
appoint two Scales" to be made, the one for the Province
Corporation of
ments, both of the Province
To
my
Lord Warden of the Cinque
Castle,
ca.
Yorke.
By Commandj
by mee
transcribed
r u-
of his
d
Roy
it-
(Signed)
^'"^"
Highnesse
Wren.
Bayard. Sec.
Nos. 4 and 5, Paulding Seals, Plate XXVI, post. See also Illustration, "Duke of York, afterward James II, From a Rare Old Print," vol. 4. p. 280 Pepys' Diary (Dec. 5, 1664,) Wheatley
Edition. The arms of the Duke appear in the margin, Sigill Prcvi.xc Novi Eborac, being
added as in Plate .\II. See also 4 and 5, Plate XXVI. and Appendix B.
44. See
New York
44
Plate XII.
Seal to
Common
Minutes of the
1
5-
696. pp. 179-184.
67
Comonalty of y* Citty
1
&
&
Liutenant
&
Governo'
Dongan Charter
Council of the City of
Petition presented to y*
of y* Citty of
Incorparated
whereon
hattan
this
Mayo^ Aldermen
&
the Right Honourable Coll
That
Newyorke
dealing of
all
&
w'.''
New
w"? manner
sherifFe in
Inhabitants on
p.
i8i.
it
were Confirmed
Harlem
That y"
y"
&
&
&
g'.*"
Common
And
all
itt
and singular
Shall
Said Citty of
and
may
their
Affairs
New Make
Yorke and
their
Said
to
&
man-
Governm! of a
to
y' Citty or
serue ffor y*
Corporation
s"?
to the foregoing petition,
and known
....
Dongan
as the
and
among
charter,
contained the
296, Printed Minutes.)
for ever hereafter
and may be Lawfull
New
Anno 1665
Island
1683.
seal,
I, p.
y*"
y''
seale*^
buisenes touching y'
Mayor Aldermen & Commonality of
that y Said
Successors Shall and
Esb'
Albany
uiz'..
was signed by Governor Dongan April 27, 1686,

following provision: (Vol.
&
granted to them by Coll
others Inhabiting on
all
Citty had a
s'|
granted pursuant
other things for a corporate
ing of
Thomas Dongan
Manhatans was vnder y* Gouermn' of
singular their affaires matters
The Charter,
And
Mayof Aldermen
hath Continued in practice euer since and hath had
Island
y''
12.
Newyorke 9^" (November)
their
[MS. MinutesJ,
y"
Citty standeth as one body pollitique and Corporate vnder
all y*'
.
I.
Highness James Duke of yorke
vsed and Injoyed y" Customes libertyes and priuiledges ffollowing,

1
vol.
y'name of
Province by .Authority vnd' his Royall Highness
this
Inhabitants thereof
y*"
York
The Humble petition of y" Mayo'' Aldermen and

Sheweth That this Citty hath had and enjoyed several]
Immunityes
Governo' of
Rich"! Nicholls late
who
&
in
America.
in
Newyork.
ancient Customes priviledges
New
Governor
vice admirall vnd' his Royall
&c of Newyorke and dependencyes

Comonalty
To
Charter.
ffor a
(April 27. 1686).
have one
y Said City of
Common
New
Yorke and
Seal to Serve for the Seal-
Businesses touching or Concerning the said Corporation.
and
for the Said
Mayor Aldermen & Commonality of
their Successors as they Shall
Common
Seal
when and
the
See Cause to breake, Change, Alter

as
often as to
them
itt
Shall
Seem
Seals
post.
Convenient
45.
It
appears that the seal here referred to
is
the
same
as impression
The Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty

van Home, 1692, Appendix B.
See Deed,
No.
of the Citty of
Paulding
New
Vorke to Anna Maria
Plate
Xn

In Witness
Scale of
y':
have Caused these Presents
Said Province"' to be hitherto affixed
Second year of
Reign of
y']
his
New Tork
be Entered
to
most Sacred Majesty Aforesaid
thousand Six hundred and Eighty
And
in the
y"
day of April In the

year of our Lord one
six
(Signed)
Thomas Dongan.
Att a Comon Councell held in the Citty of Newyorke the 24th day of Jully
The Mayo' Presented the new'" Scale of this Citty with this inscription, SiGiLLUM
Novi
[Eborac] Which is agreed upon and ordered to be the Comon Scale of this
179.
p.
1686
CiviTAT
And
in y" Secretaries office,
scaven and twentieth
this
45
....
Citty
Revolutionary and State Period

Clinton Great Seal of the State of
Journals
and
Safety
Albany
of
the
Council
Provincial
of
Safety
Congress,
Provincial
the
of
of
State
York,
1775-1776-1777.
1842.
New
City of
J
Committee of
Convention,
New
'
York,
The
Deputies hereinafter named, from the following counties, assembled
Philip Livingston, Esquire,
Abraham Walton, Mr.
Isaac Roosevelt,
For the City and County of
relative to the Colonial History of the State of
1854; vol. IV., pp. S11-S12.
New
New
Mr.
Tork.
York, ed. by E. B. O'Callaghan,
Extract of a letter from the Earl of Bellomont (then Colonial
Governor) to Secretary Popple, dated 2gth November, 1700

it
Exchange
John Alsop, Esquire, James Duane, Esquire, John Jay, Esquire,
Alexander McDougall, and Mr. Abraham Brasicr
Documents
at the
purpose of forming a Provincial Convention, vizt
Colo. Leonard Lispenard, Mr. Francis Lewis, Mr.
appears plainly the Charter of
New
Duke
Yorke
is
Sir:
Besides
all
not a legal charter, for the Original
that,
have
and neither the Great Seal of England

nor Seal of the Province, yet it bears date the 2d year of King James, so that the whole
foundation is wrong.
In strickness this is no City, and all the judgments that have been
pass'd in their Mayor's Court are void; yet Colonel Dongan, I am told, and Mr. Graham
got a good sum of money for this Charter.
The learned Earl did not observe that the Seal was the Provincial Seal of 1669. Brodhead,
Hist. State of N. Y.; Vol. II., p. 43S: "The Corporation of New York had for some time
desired a new charter from the King, confirming their old privileges, and granting to them
all the vacant land in and about the city.
As Bayard, its mayor, was one of the Council,
and Graham its recorder and attorney-general of the province, a draft of the desired patent
was quickly submitted to the municipal authorities, who agreed to give Dongan ^^^300, and
Secretary Spragg ;^24, as their oflicial fees.
The engrossed charter, having been read and
allowed in Council, was accordingly signed by the governor, who caused it to be sealed
with the Old Provincial Seal which the Duke of York had sent out to Lovelace in 1669, and
which was yet the only one that could be used." See Col. Docs., quoted above, vol. III.,
See N. Y. S. Civil List.
p. 427; New Seal Prov. of N. Y., Aug. 14, 1687.
No. I, Paulding Seals. Plate XXVÎ, p. 63.
lately seen;
'tis
sealed with the
of Yorke's seal,
47.
April 20th 1775 f
in this city, for the
46.
New York
New
46
Charles
Colo.
D. Witt, George Clinton and Levy Pawling,
Van
Philip
Esqrs.
Yates, Junr., Esquire
For
Ulster County.
A. Hawkes Hay, Henry Wisner, Esquire, John Herring, Esquire, Mr. Peter
Clowes and Mr.

Colo.
York
Abraham Ten Broeck and Abraham
Colo. Philip Schuyler, Colo.
For the City and County of Albany.
For Orange County.
Israel Seely
Lewis Morris, John Thomas, Junr., Esquire, Robert Graham, Esquire, Major
Cortlandt,
Samuel Drake, Esquire and Mr. Stephen
Ward
West Chester
For
County.
Colo. Morris Graham, Major Robert R. Livingston, Junr. and Egbert Benson, Esquire
For Dutches County.
Simon Boerum, Esquire, Capt. Richard

Denice and Mr. John Vander
Colo. William
Floyd,
Mr. Theodorus Polhemus, Mr. Denice
Stillwell,
For Kings County.
Bilt
Colo.
Nathaniel
WoodhuU,
Colo. Phineas
Tredwell, Esquire, and John Sloss Hubbard [Hobart] Esquire

Colo.
For Suffolk County.
From Nezv Town and Flushing,
Mr. John Talman
and
Blackwell
Jacob
Thomas
Fanning,
in
Queens County.
The Convention unanimously chose Philip Livingston, Esquire, to be their President.

The Convention then unanimously elected John McKesson, Esquire, to be their SecreThe credentials ot the several members were approved
....
tary
DIE SABATTI,
[Vol.
I.,
April 22nd.
4]
The Convention
Present
assembled
at
the
Exchange
Philip Livingston, Esquire, President.
Philip Livingston Esquire,
Henry Wisner,
Floyd,
[11 hora, a.m.]
Philip
in
New-York, pursuant
John Alsop Esquire,
in the
to adjournment.
etc. etc.
James Duane, John Alsop, John Jay, Simon Boerum, William
Schuyler,
George Clinton, Lewis Morris, Francis Lewis, and
Robert R. Livingston, Junr. Esquires, were unanimously elected Delegates
Colony
1775.
next Continental Congress
at
Philadelphia on the tenth day of
represent
to
May
this
next,
JOURNAL
of the
Provincial Congress
[Vol.
I.,
A
the
as
the
City of New-York
May 22nd. 1775
7]
number of gentlemen. Deputies from
Exchange
in the
they conceived
city
there
Exchange to-morrow,
At
in the city
of
New-York,
were not
at ten
for the
a sufficient
o'clock
several counties
in
purpose of forming
this
Colony, assembled
a Provincial
number of members, they agreed
[
at
Congress; but
to
meet here
at
A.M.
meeting of a Provincial Congress
for the
Colonv
of New-York, on Tuesday, the twenty-third day of
ot
New-York,
May, 1775
at
the
Exchange
New

The
Deputies of
the following officers,
elected, vizt
York
47
they proceeded to the choice of
majority of the counties appearing,
who were unanimously
Van Brugh Livingston, Esqr. President.

Douw, Esquire, lîce-PresiJent.
Peter
Volkert P.
John McKesson, Esqr, and
Mr. Robert Benson
Thomas
[The
Doorkeeper.
Pcttit,
credentials of the Deputies were
Low,
Isaac
Van Brugh
Peter
approved
as follows:]
Alexander McDougall, Leonard Lispenard,
Livingston,
Joseph Hallett, Abraham Walton, Abraham Brasier, Isaac Roosevelt, John
Beekman, Samuel Ver Planck, Richard Yates,

and Walter Franklin
C/Vy untl County of
Robert Yates, Abraham Yates, Volkert P.

Swart, Walter
Francis Nicoll
City
Van
Robert
Livingston,
New York.
Douw, Jacob
Ranselacr,
Benjamin
Cuyler, Peter Silvester, Dirck
Henry Glenn, Abraham Ten Broeck, and
and County of Albany.
Dirck Brinckerhoff, Anthony Hoffman, Zephaniah

Gilbert Livingston, Jonathan Landon,
Paine,
Lancey, James
Smith,
Van Zandt, John Marston, George
Kissam, John Morin Scott, John \'an Cortlandt, Jacobus

Folliot,
De
Thomas
David Clarkson,
Piatt,
Richard Montgomerie, Ephraim
Gysbert Schenck, Melancton Smith, Nathaniel
Dutches County.
Sackett
Colo. Johannes Hardenbergh, Colo. James Clinton,
Dumond,
Egbert
Clinton, Christopher Tappen, John Nicholson and Jacob Hoornbeek
John Coe and David Pye
Nathaniel Woodhull, John Sloss Hobart,
Graham, James
Lewis
Morris,
Goshen.
Thomas Tredwell, John
L'hommedieu, Thomas Wickham, James Havens and Selah Strong

Governeur
Charles
In Orange, Haverstraiv.
Michael Jackson, Benjamin Tusteen, Peter Clowes and William Allison

Colo.
Esqr.
Ulster County.
Van
Foster,
Ezra
Suffolk County.
Cortlandt,
Stephen
Ward, Joseph
Drake, Philip Van Cortlandt, James Holmes, David Dayton, John Thomas," Junr., Robert
Graham and William Paulding

Henry Williams,
West Chester
Esqr., Jeremiah
county.
Remsen, Esqr.
Brooklyn in Kings county.
Paul Micheau, John Journey, Aaron Cortelyou, Richard Conner, Richard Lawrence
Richmond County
this
Congress
vizt
....
The following rules are agreed to, and resolved to

The Congress then adjourned till five o'clock p.m.
5 ho.
The
Congress met pursuant
Present
.
The
that Colo.
represent
Peter V.
to
P.M.
be the rules of
May
23d.
adjournment.
Brugh Livingston, Esquire, President.
Deputies for Orange
Town
produced a
certificate
....
whereby
it
appears
Abraham Lent and John Herring, Esquire, were unanimously chosen Deputies
them
in this Provincial
Congress, to be held
at the city
of
New- York.
Ordered, That Colo. Abraham Lent, and John Herring, Esquire, take
their seats.
to
The Civic Ancestry of Neiv York
48
Mr.
Low moved,
Isaac
a resolution in the
As
Resolved,
(and was seconded by Mr. Morris,) that
words following,
opmion of
the
Congress enter into
this
vizt:
this
Congress, that implicit obedience ought to be paid to
every recommendation of the Continental Congress, for the general regulation of the associated
colonies; but that this Congress
(seconded by Mr. Clarkson) moved
Scott
Mr. Low's motion
question on
determined
in the
shall
and ought
to
now
be
The Congress
for
And
Deputies were admitted to
time, during
appointed to act
question,
Mr.
Whether
wit:
to
the
at
2.
nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
the Provincial Congress
many
additional
Each of these bodies
the
Provincial
seats.
the continuance
;
....
jigainst the previous question
19.
made adjournments, from time
of which Committees of Safety were
neither were they continuous organizations,
new Depu-
succeeded in accordance with timely appointments by the people.
ties
At
meeting of the Provincial Convention,

General
1776,
10,
Journals
the
Nathaniel
THE Representatives of the
At
[Vol.
I.,
COLONY
STATE
of
title
of
this
5/9,
p.
Printed
House be changed from
New- York "

New-York."
of
to that
of
"
the
that
of
Convention of
a meeting of a Provincial Convention,
DIE MARTIS,
00
882]1J
Pierre
On
Plains, July
following Resolution was passed
"the Provincial Congress of the
White
at
Woodhull, President
Resolved and Ordered, That the style or
r,j
and determine on,
debates arising thereon,
put? and the said previous question being put, was
Convention and the Provincial Congress

to
previous
the
then adjourned to this place,
At subsequent meetings of
freely to deliberate
following manner, vizt:
For the previous question

.
competent
is
matters relative to the internal police of this Colony.
all
...
April
Van Cortlandt
motion of
Mr
9 HO a.m.
^
1777.
'
5.
\
j
Presiding, the following resolution was adopted
Morris,
Resolved, That a committee be appointed to prepare and report a proper device for a great
seal of this State; and that
It
Mr. Morris, Mr. Jay and Mr. Hobart be
committee
does not appear that the committee ever made
Vol.
I.,
891.
adopted April
20.
Constitution
1777.
At
the
for
the
State
for that purpose.
a report.
of
New York
was
same time Robert R. Livingston,

Abraham
General Scott, Mr. Morris,
New
Tork
49
Mr. Hobart,
Yates, Mr. Jay and
were appointed a committee to prepare and report a plan for organizing
government agreed
and establishing the
to
over
Convention,
by the
which Leonard Gansevoort had presided.
JOURNAL OF THE PROVINCIAL CONVENTION.

[Vol.
Die Jovis, p.m.
915-916]
I.,
May
The Convention met pursuant to adjournment.
Present
Genl. Ten Broeck, President
The plan for organizing government being finished, was
8.
1777.
follows, to wit
Whereas,
organized,
read and agreed to, and
such time
until
and government of
as the constitution
necessary that some persons be vested with
it is
power
this State
Jacob Cuyler,
Thomas Tredwell,
Pierre
Van
Cortlandt,
De
of Safety, and invested with
State, until a
the
all
be vested in the Governor,
allegiance
and
Governors of
powers necessary
as
soon
this State, to
wit
And Whereas many of

of the laws of
this State,
shall
he
as
shall
Sloss
and preservation of the
office, to
said Council,
office
previous
and take the oath
of
be taken by the Governors and Lieutenant-
the said officers are necessary, not only for the immediate execu-
and the
distribution
of
justice, but
also
for the
holding of such
Therefore,
elections as aforesaid.
Resolved, That the following persons be, and they hereby are appointed within
by authority of the same,
to wit:
this State,
That Robert R. Livingston be chancellor; John Jay, chief
Robert Yates and John Sloss Hobart, puisne judges; and Egbert Benson, attorney-
justice;
general of this State.
Tuesday Afternoon, May

[Vol.
Hobart
appointed a Coun-
be chosen and admitted into
appear before the
of
also the following oath
for the safety
are,
Provided, That the executive powers of the State
meeting of the Legislature:
which admission, such Governor
tion
the'
Witt, Robert Harper,
Matthew Cantine, John
and Jonathan Tompkins, or the major part of them, be, and they hereby
to
of
Abraham
Resolved, That John Morin Scott, Robert R. Livingston, Christopher Tappen,

Yates, Junr., Governeur Morris, Zephaniah Piatt, John Jay, Charles
shall
be fully
shall
to provide for the safety
Therefore,
same.
cil
as
is
I.,
929.]
The Convention met

Present
.
13, 1777.
Brigr.
pursuant to adjournment.
Genl.
Ten
Broeck, President.
Resolved and Ordered, That the Counsel of Safety do assemble
to-morrow morning
at
The Convention
nine o'clock.
then dissolved.
at
this
place
New
50
York
JOURNAL OF THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY.

DIE MERCURII,
L, 933.]
[Vol.
May
The members
to ho.
a.
m.
14, 1777.
of the Council of Safety met
For want of another member to make a quorum, adjourned
four
till
o'clock this after-
noon.
DIE MERCURII,
.
Cortlandt,
\'an
Pierre
Esquire,
4 ho. pm., May
14.
1777.
was unanimously elected President of the
Council.
[Vol.
DIE MERCURII,
990.]
I.,
The
4 ho P
M.
July 9.
1777.
Council met pursuant to adjournment.
Prayers as usual.
Present
....
Governor of
is
also
Pierre
Van
Cortlandt Esqr. President.
This Council do therefore declare
And
this State.
that
George Clinton, Esquire,
the said Council do further declare, that the said
duly elected to be the Lieutenant-Governor of
General Clinton declined the
latter
is
duly elected
George Clinton
this State
office
and Pierre Van Cortlandt
received the appointment.
DIE MERCURII
[Vol.
I..
997.]
The
Present
.
in Ulster
4 ho. P.M. July 16. 1777.
Pierre
Cortlandt. Esqr. President.
Resolved, That the Legislature of this State be convened to meet
Van
county, on the
first
DIE MERCURII
[Vol.
I.,
1021]
The
at
Kingston,
day of August next

10
ho a.m.
July 30. 1777-
Council met pursuant
to
adjournment.
Prayers as usual.
Present
.
Pierre \ an
Council of Safety and
Governor,
State,
Cortlandt, Esqr. President.
His Excellency George Clinton, duly elected Governor of
as prescribed
made and
took the oath of allegiance
said
the
State,
and
this
also
State, appeared
Convention.
Council, and are subscribed on the
May last, for organizing and establishing

The said oaths were administered by
roll
by the Governor
in
Council.
the
the
Thereupon
words following,
vizt
said
government
President in
the Council
of safety agreed and ordered a proclamation for declaring and proclaiming the Governor of
State, in the
in
the oath of office of
by the ordinance of the Convention of the Representatives of the
passed the eighth of
agreed to by the
to
this
New
Tork
51
Council of Safety for thk State of New-York,

July 30. 1777
In
A PROCLAMATION
of
"Whereas His Excellency George

New- York, and hath this day qualified
this
Clinton, has been duly elected Governor of this State
himself for the execution of
Council the oaths required by the constitution of
said office
his
office,
by taking
in
enable him to exercise his
This Council doth, therefore, hereby,

people of
this State, to
State, proclaim
this
and Commander-in-Chief of
the
in
name and by
authority of the good
the
and declare the said George Clinton, Esqr. Governor, General
all
the
militia,
the good people of this State arc to pay
all
and
Admiral of the navy of
due obedience, according
to the
whom
State, to
this
laws and constitution
thereof.
By order of
the Council of Safety
VAN CORTLANDT,"
PIERRE
" God
[Vol.
The
DIE MARTIS
Council met pursuant
Present
.
save the people
1027.]
I.,
words, to wit
P.M. Augt.
ho.
1777.
5,
adjournment.
to
Pierre \'an Cortlandt, Esqr. President.
message from His Excellency Governor Clinton, was read, and follows,
these
in
" Gentlemen
.As
the public emergencies render the meeting of the Legislature
State at this time extremely inexpedient, as will appear in
delivered you,
President.
"
think
it
some measure by
Assembly
advisable to prorogue the Senate and
but as this can not be done in the accustomed form, for
want of a
of the
the papers herewith
until
great seal,
20th
the
I
instant;
wish to have the
sentiments and advice of your Honorable Board, on the propriety under those circumstances, of
proroguing the Senate and Assembly by proclamation, under
my
hand and
seal at
arms.
" George Clinton.

Kingston,
^t/i
August 1777.
His Excellency's
said
message was again read, and taken into consideration.
Thereupon,
Resolved, That though
this
Council cannot presume
yet with respect to the form in
itself,
which
the
to
intermeddle with the prorogation
same should be made,
advice, that considering the necessity of the case. His Excellency

aforesaid,
.
under
his
hand and
seal at
Mr. McKesson, one of
may
it
is
safely
their sentiments
make
arms, without the danger of establishing any

the Secretaries,
and
the prorogation
evil
precedent.
brought into Council, His Excellency the
Governor's Proclamation, proroguing the Legislature of
this
State,
under
his
hand and
arms, which was so issued from the necessity of the case and for want of a great
seal
seal
at
of the
New York
52
And
State.
the said secretary informed the Council that he received the said Proclamation from
who
his
Excellency,
the
same being read,
requested that
" By
.-
LS
may be
it
among
filed
words following,
in the
is
vizt
His Excellency George Clinton, Esqr. Governorof the State of New-York,
General and Commander-in-Chief of
>
the records and papers of this Council;
all
the Militia, and Admiral of the
Navy
of the same.
A
Whereas
this State
public emergencies do
the
inexpedient,
thereof, prorogue
tion
instant,
Proclamation.
do therefore by
time render a meeting of the Legislature of
at this
virtue
of the authority reposed
the Senate and Assembly of this State, until
August, and the
said
in
me by
the constitu-
the twentieth
day of thb
Senate and Assembly are hereby prorogued until that day, of which
the people of this State are required to take notice and govern themselves accordingly.
" Given
my
under
Ulster, this
fifth
hand and
seal at
day of August
in
arms
at
Kingston, in the county of
year of our Lord one thousand
the
seven hundred and seventy-seven.
" Geo. Clinton.
" By
His Excellency's command,
Stephen Lush,
Secry.
" God
save the People."
This draft of the Proclamation remained with the archives of the

Council of Safety in the State Library, Albany, until the time of the State
House
as
when
fire,
time had so
it
was destroyed.
far obliterated the
No
photograph had been made,
impression of the small seal that a copy
was impossible.
Nor was
his " seal at
the
arms "
as
and
upon which Governor Clinton used

of the State.
for a great seal
Burgoyne campaign induced the Governor
tion,
under date of August
ture to
meet
at
" seal at arms."

ber
the onlv occasion
this
15,
i8, 1777,
Kingston on the
ist
still
to again issue a
Duchess County on
proximo, when he again used
Legislature
Monday,
the
Proclama-
further proroguing the Legisla-
Another Proclamation, dated
1777, requiring the
The menace of
fifth
to
at
Poughkeepsie, Decem-
meet
day
his
at
Poughkeepsie
of January, 1778,
in
was
New

attested in the
When
same way.
York
53
the Council of Safety was contem-
on the loth of September,
plating a final adjournment, at a session held
1777, a confirmatory resolution was adopted as follows:
DIE
[v.
i,
MERCURU
The
10 ho am.
September 10. 1777
1059.]
Prayers as usual.
Present
.
Pierre
Van
Cortlandt Esqr. President.
Resolved, That His Excellency the Governor, and Chancellor of
Governor be the
the seal of the
The
legislative
Provincial
Conventions and the Council of Safety were not
they emanated directly from the people as did
will,
first
mean time
great seal ot this State.
At
bodies, they were temporary expedients.
prior to the
State, be
this
requested to devise and order to be made, a great seal for this State, and that in the
session of the Legislature
all
the
same time
of quasi legislation
acts
on September
10, 1777.
It
however, be observed that the Governor's Proclamation of Decem-
ber 15, 1777, like those issued before the organization of the Legislature,
was also attested under
his
hand and
seal at arms.
Investigation has not extended so far as to determine what further

use, if any, the
March
16,
1778,
Governor made of
when Arms and
his
seal
in
that
capacity prior
Great Seal were adopted
to
by the
Legislature.
Indefatigable search was, for a long time,

seal,
or an impression of
it,
but to no
made
for
purpose until
the Governor's
recently,
when
chance reference enabled the writer to find the long sought prize
in
Albany."^
48.
The
writer
is
reference.
indebted to Mr. Robert H. Kelby, Librarian of the N. Y. Hist. Soc. for this
New York
54
Plate XIII.
Is a
size,
reproduction of the impression of the Governor's
and enlarged.
The
color blazon, Plate
impression, in wax, was
made
XIV,
appears as Frontispiece.
when
1766
in
Ulster, then of the Province of
It has already
of
New York
been said that the
New
Arms and
Governor was
the
about 27 years of age and when he was practicing
County of
actual
seal,
law in
native
his
York.
the Great Seal of the State
were legislatively provided under the Act of March 16, 1778:
Journal of the Assembly of the State of New-York. A.D. 1778.
George Clinton, Esq; Governor
....
Hist. Soc. p.
47]
Tuesday, 9 o'clock, a.m. February
Mr. Benson, moved
Government of
N. Y.
[Printed minutes:
for
Leave
bring in a
to
further
Bill
to
1778.
10.
organize
the
this State.
Ordered, That Leave be given accordingly.
Mr. Benson
the
according to Leave, brought in a
Government of
this
State,''
Bill, entitled,
which was read the
first
" An
Time and
Journal of the Senate of the State of
Act further
organize
to
ordered a second Reading.
New
York, A. D. 1778.
George Clinton Esq; Governor.

Saturday Morning, February 14, 1778.
.
59]
Message from the Honorable the House of Assembly, by Mr. Ja\ and Mr.
IVilliams, with a Bill, entitled, "y/// Act further

desiring the
[p.
to
organize the Government of
Coocurrencc of the Senate thereto; which was read the
this
State";
Time, and ordered
first
second Reading.
Laws of the State of
New York,
Passed in the
first
Session of the Senate and
Assembly
of the said State, beginning the tenth day of September, 1777, and continued by Adjournments,
and ending with the
Chap. XJL
last
day of June, 1778.
An Act
further
to
organize the Government of
this State.
Passed the i6th
of March, 1778.
And Whereas, Arms
have been devised for
have been devised and made, one of the said Seals,
and
for the Privy Seal
of
this State,
sion of his Excellency the present
IL
Seals, shall
Be
it
(and which
as
said
and
this State,
for the
Seals arc
now
in the
as
Custody and Posses-
Governor;)
therefore further enacted by the authority aforesaid.
severally be,
and two several Seals
Great Seal, and the other,
and they are hereby respectively declared
to
That
the said
Arms and
be the Arms, the Great
Plate
Xin
Plate
XV
.^
SJ
^^
.i
-#^f^^ N\'
^,
I
^^:T
New

and the Privy Seal of
Seal,
State, for the

said Seal,
Time
the
this
That
the
subject to the
Commander
Crown
hereby declared to be
State, as
this
Colony of New- Tork,
the
Arms of the Governor

Time being, shall issue under the said Seal,
the Privy Seal of this State.
And that all such Matters and Things, as
State, as the Colony of New- Tork, was subject to the Crown of Greatfor
at
the
Britain, were issued under the Cireat Seal of the Colony, shall
the
future, (the Proceedings
in
Court of Chancery hereinafter mentioned excepted) issued under the
declared to be the Great Seal of this State
and
Office of the Secretary of the State, in the same
New-Tork, was
Seals.
be the Seal for military Commissions
of Gmit-Britnin, were issued, under the Seal
of the Colony
in Chief,
heretofore, while this
Possession of the said
shall
such Matters and Things as heretofore, while
all
was
55
Person administering the Government of
being, shall have the Custody and
hereby declared to be the Privy Seal,
and
or
That
this State,
Tork
subject
the
to
Crown
shall
Seal,
said
in
hereby
be made out and entered of Record, in the
Manner,
when
as
State, as the
this
Colony of
of Great-Britain, the same were made out and entered
of Record, in the Office of the Secretary of the Colony.
Plate XV.
The
Arms
enlarged
the print on the
disentangled from the letter T,
Arms and
The
insignia.
and
Seal,
is
dated April
2,
1778.
XVII, although dated " 1777," was not used
passage of the Act of

with the
March
Privy
6,
778, by which
New York
have seen here the names of
conspicuous part
in
it
The Great
until
after the
was authorized together
Seal.
formation of the State of
We
taken from
Commission of Andries Wilson, Gent", Plate XVI,
which also bears the Privy

Seal, Plate
is
led to the adoption of
new
many Hollanders who took
the hazard of that day,
some of
these, doubtless,
possessed copies of Dutch works that were then, relatively, of recent

date
such
we have quoted
Pierre
Bizot, Jean
Le
Clerc, Gerard van
The
Rise of the Dutch Republic was the archetype
own Revolution,
and, naturally enough, the rich pictorial records
Loon and
of our
as
others.
of the Netherlands found renewed expression

serve to exemplify:
Plates
as the following
XVIII, XIX. XX,
XXI
examples
and XXII.
'
Plate
XVin
Plate
XIX
r O
R E
Emunc
)our du faiiicux Sac ci'Anvcrs, Doui

ci'Audrichc
tils nature! de Charles Qumt,
Jean
'ctoitarrivda laVilledc Luxembourg pour <::rc
GouvcrncurdesPays bas: Cc Prince nyanticmnigne'
qu'il defiroit lapaix, fcs Deputez &ccux dcs Ellats
s'afTcmblcrciit a Marchc en Famine Villc du Luxembourg: Onytitlciz. Fcvrier i JTT- leTraitcapf'c!-
^Syyir
PEdit perpetucl,quc Ic Prmce d'Orangc & les Elhis

d'HulIandc & dc Zelandc retufcrcnt dc figncr. Suivantcc nouvcauTraitcqui confirmoit laPacification
dcGand, Ics TronpcsF.rpagnoles & Etrangercsfortircnt dc Flandre & Dom Jean tit (on cntrc a BruxclIcs le premier jour dc iMay.
Ch T TE Medaillc tut faitc en mil cinq ccns foixante &
dix-fept,cn mcmoirc dc la Paix deMarchc en Famine.
Lajulliccfur unTr6nc, ayanta fadroitelaPaixqui
tient un flanibeau , dont elle brulc des x^rmcs
& a fa gauche I'abondancc.
Ic
JUSTITIA PaCEM
La
COPIAM PaX ATTULIT.
Jujltce a produit
'a
Paix
^ la
REFERS.
Faix lâbcndance.
La libcrtc tenant d'unc main une palmc avcc une dpê

proche de laquclle il y a des chaincs & des fers brife?,
elle tient de I'aHtre un chapeau,dont ellc couvre deux
rameauxd'olivier fonansd'unecouronnc, laquclle
ell foutcnuc d'un coeur,qui ell au dclfus de deux mains
jointcs enfcmblc & au deflbus eii un Lion en reposLI BERT AS
La liberty ajjlirc'e par l\nicn.
,
VlNDlCATA
ritfUMi
CONCORDIA.
'mmmk
Plate
XX
Plate
XXI
CATION HiSlURICl
CLXVU
Plate
XXII
I.
De
muts}
in
eerfte voert
den rand
op de voorayde Anjous borfteeld

men dccze nieuwc tytds:
verfierd
met den Hertoglyken mantel en
Icelt
FRANciscus, FiLius FRANciiE, FRAter UNICcs REGis,

DBf Gratia DUX BRAsANTiiE.
FRANCOIS, ZOON VAN FRANKRVK^ EEIflGE BROEDER DES

KONINGS, DOOR GODS GENJDE HERtOG
VAN BRABANT.
Op de achterzydc (laat zyn blazoen of zinnebeeld , zynde eenc Zon, die, naa
wolken, het aardiyk met haare flraalen koeftertj onder decze byfpreuk:
't
verdry\'en der
FOVET ET DISCUTIT. 15-82.

ZY KOESTERT EN VERJAAGt, ifSz.
/. "Deel.
iiii
11.
De
New Tork
57
Plate XIX.
Mr, Edgar A. Harner,
I
in
Note,
p.
New York
190,
Civil List,
889-1 891, makes the following observation:

In the original Arms, 1778, the supporters are draped in short
ing to the
Dutch
fashion.
This statement
On
the supporters of the second Seal,
is
authenticated by the
gown and
quoted
I,
classic.
is
page illustration from
full
HisToiRE Metallique de La Hollande Par M'
p. 34,
petticoat accord-
1798, the drapery
Bizot, already
28 herein.
p.
Plate XX.
XX
Plate
from Vol. IV.,
is
Des Pays-Bas, Par
Le
M!*
Duke
in his election as
lated, the narrative
The Duke
treaty
new
Antwerp, of
his
was on
subject
this
See III,
p.
the
in
Provinces.
the
LXXVI
Medal
On
the other side, a
warms and
it dissipates,
Duke) would maintain peace and
at this
Upon
was
struck
Sun which
and
it
dissipates
was intended
allay their fears.
This
is
him
name of Jean
a pistol shot
the subject of the
Trans-
God Duke
at
It
Francis son of
of Brabant, &c.
the clouds with these

to
express the hope
words
that
the Prince of Orange.
befel
Jauregui, a native of Biscay,
LXXVI I,
their Privileges.
.
on which, on one
the
who, on
which, however, wounded the Prince but
Medal
Elizabeth the
he
But the joy which the People exhibited
ceremony was soon troubled by the accident which
hired an assassin by the
573 and
he took possession,
return
his
Spaniards could not forgive him the Revolution which he had incited in
1582"'" fired at
Queen
order to confirm with
dignity on the condition of maintaining the People in

that
of Le Clerc reads as follows:
made with
Coi;nt of Flanders.
(the
herein.
Governor of the Netherlands.
France and only brother of the King, By the Grace of

It
30
of Anjou began as early as
of Anjou had gone to England
which she had
Histoire Des Provinces-Unies
Clerc, etc.
Negotiations with the
had now resulted
p. 46,
side, the
the
Pays-Bas
I
8th. of
slightly in
action
is
The
They
March
the head.
represented
with the following words which perfectly express the disposition which the Spaniards entertained
52.
Motley, R. D. R.,
II.
65S,
Plate
XX.
58
against
him
HIM.
And
anger
at
one of
It
by foul-play and not
is
on the other side one sees a King
who
with the following Legend:
that one can attack
fair field
stamps his foot
the failure of the assassin in missing his aim
his guards,
in
New York
he desired to express his
as if
one of the Councilors of the King
The treacherous
and
will finally receive punish-
ment
Plate
XXI
Plate
XXII
from
is
from
is
HisTORiPENNiNGEN
same Vol.,
p. 96,
1161, Vol.
Stuart
I,
pp. 247, 254, 309, 311, 322, 332.]
XV, XVI, XVII, and XXV,
reader that, so far as the present
New York
of the Phoenix
in Plate
and XVI, which
Plate
XVII,
convince the
As
to the Crest of the
little tell-tale
tuft"
on the head
was reproduced by the engraver
globe.
ground
in
Plates
for placing the so-called
Eagle
Suggestions
the
for
numerous, especially on
are
to
fail
comparison
Great Seal of the State of
Dutch.
is
Arms, the
also gives
semi-terrestrial
reverse in
XXI,
cannot
Arms and
are concerned, their origin
State, as well as that of the City
XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, and XXII.
of Plates
upon
Rste
seems to be quite unnecessary to enter upon an extended explana-
with Plates
XV
Der Nederlandsche
MDCCXXIII.
[N. Y. Pub. Lib.
tion
See post.
DooR Mf Gerard van Loon, E E
Deel, In's Graavenhaage
It
above.
309, Beschryving
p.
last
p.
Rock, upon the

247 of Mr. Van
Loon's work.
The
reader will find, used as a vignette, on the
second, counting from

again
compare with
left
to right
featured sun, etc.

53.
See reference,
p. 55,
Nos. 3 and
6,
Plate
XXVI.
page hereof, the
XXII;
which
meadow, waves, the two
ships,
upper row
XV the
Plate
title
in
Plate
-p
New Tork

Dutch vainly hoped
In 1582 the
59
Hberty and peace, hence the
for
sun appeared dispelHng the clouds.

In our case the sun had not, in 1778, nor has
now
centuries
three
Our sun
upon
it
than the Dutch sun, hurst
later
Even
alike.
partly obscured by the
the present day, see plate
at
in
to this time
splendor.
full
dew from heaven,
has yet to shine, like the proverbial gentle
all
up
XXV^, the
rays are
mountain top.
Plate XXIII.
This Great Seal of the State of
it
was
pendent
seal,
seal
onlv
pendent
All
seals.
Here
have no reverse.
others
the
Like the Great
and was recorded January 22, 1799.
and the preceding one bearing the
This
was authorized by
[Pam. Laws N. Y. 179B.]
Act of January 26, 1798.

Seal, 1777,
New York
are
1777, were the
figures
surface
seals,
Crest
side.
is
is
The
all
and
the
given the head of the
changed
correctly
The
Frustra
with
is
The
they
Justice
drapery of
short-gown disappear.
The
eagle turning toward the dexter
retained and the inscriptions, with the
reproduced
in
Plates
new
occurrence, and these are
for
all
the
that
The word
date.
XVII and XXIII,
the others less perfect, were destroyed in the State
Photographs were made
At
petticoat
reverse follows the reverse of the preceding seal.
originals,
is
the supporters have exchanged sides.
appears on the dexter and Liberty on the sinister side.

the figures
that
writer just
now remain of
before
this
together
House
fire.
unfortunate
that celebrated collection.
the time the photographs were taken the writer also
made
copies of
documents
the
which these
to
"1777"
authenticated by the
writing at the top
" The
To
New Tork
6o
to
all
these presents shall
Records remaining
N?
Patents
our
in
New
By
York,
Secretary's
do
Office
follows in the printed form:
"The
People of the State of
To All
of an act of our
ninety; entitled,
to
whom
passed
We
the
words and
in
the
distinguished on a
Know
Office, agreeable to law)
with
all
of Montgomery
of the said Township
bounty lands, and
and singular the
any way appurtaining
by
lot
and
and acts of the
these
legislature
purposes therein
Presents,
Do Give,
or lot of land situate, lying
known and
Aurelius
in
our Secretary's
Six hundred acres
Toc;ether
hereditaments and appurtenances to the same belonging, or in
Excepting and Reserving
to ourselves
five acres
of every hundred acres of the said tract or
to Hold
the above described
assigns, as a
pursuance
that, in
for other
by our Surveyor General,
number Ninety Eight Containing
rights,
Ye,
Township of
the
in
(filed
Inspected the
Book of Military
one thousand seven hundred and
Have Given, Granted, and Confirmed, and bv

Hugh McCalley, All that certain tract
County
in
Grace of God, Free and Inde-
act to carry into effect the concurrent resolutions,
map
Independent.
figures following vis!"
the
day of April,
6th
God free and

we having
Grant, and Confirm unto
and being
follows; in
as
that
Recorded
there
come. Greeting
for granting certain lands, promised to be given as
mentioned,"
Know Ye
York, By
these Presents shall
legislature,
"an
New
Grace of
the
find
in the
Then
pendent
entirety, read
its
come Greeting.
page 378 certain Letters patent
in
seal,
The document
attached.
People of the State of
whom
were
seals
lot
and granted premises, unto the
good and indefeasible
estate
of inheritance,
made on
first
highways
for
said
for ever.
within the term ot seven years, to be computed from the

date hereof, there shall be one actual settlement
gold and silver mines and also
all
of land
To Have and
Hugh McCalley
On
his heirs
and
Condition ne\erless,
that
day ot January, next ensuing the
the
said
tract or lot
of land, hereby
granted, otherwise these our Letters Patent, and the estate hereby granted, shall cease, determine,
and become void.

In
Testimony whereof we have caused
Seal of our said State to be hereunto affixed.
these our Letters to be
Witness our
Esquire, Governor of our said State, General and
Admiral of the Navy of the same,
at
our City of
trusty
made
Commander-in-Chief of
New York,
of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety and
Patent,
and the Great
and well beloved George Clinton,
this
all
the
Militia,
Seventh day of July
in the fifteenth
in the
year of our Independence.
Approved by the Commissioners of the
Land
Office, and passed the Secretary's
Office the l8th day of
Examined and compared with

original
By me
Robt Harpur
December 1790
Robt Harpur D Seer?
the
Seer?"
and
year
Geo: Clinton.
New
The Civic Alice stry of

which
All of
Wc
Tork
6i
have exemplified by these presents.
In Testimony whereof
we
have caused these our Letters
Seal of our said State to be hereunto affixed
to
be
made
patent, and the Great
Witness our trusty and well beloved John Jay Esquire Governor and Commander-in-
Chief of
all
the Militia and Admiral of the
twenty sixth day of August

and
in the
in the
Navy of
New
the same, at our City of
York
this
year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety six
twentieth Year of our Independence.
John Jay.
There appears on the back the following

"
Passed the Secretary's Office

the 26th day of August 1796.
Jasper
Hopper
D
Also
"Secretary's Office of the State of

that
made
Secrr"
New
York, August 29th 1796
do hereby
certify
on the Ninth day of December one thousand seven hundred and ninety application was
within recited Letters patent by Stephen N. Bayard and that the same was there-
for the
upon made out and delivered
to
him accordingly
as appears
by
memorandum
of Delivery of
Military patents in this office.
Jasper
Hopper
The
Secrr"
foregoing transcript was sealed with the pendent Seal of "
Another Patent, by " The People of the
To
Philip Kelch, for
Governor,
acres
etc.,
The
description
is
Albany.
Dated
March
in
New
777."
York.
the Military
by metes and bounds, the
not given. Signed by Daniel

at
of
Lot No. 56, Township of Sterling
Tract, " Beginning," etc.
number of
State
31,
D. Tompkins Esquire,
1809,
Independence.
This was sealed with the pendent Seal of" 1798."
Thirty-third
of
62
XXIV.
Plate
This Great Seal
the
seal in
The
seal
is
New York
New Tork
from the photograph of an engraving of the

Civil List, and
is
passed
without comment.
was authorized by Act of March 27, 1809.
Plate
The Arms
XXV.
New York
of the State of
as
now
(1913) in use
In the year 1879 an attempt was made to ascertain what were the
'Correct
Plate
Arms
XXV.
library of the
of the
history of this
New York
New
of
State
York,'
resulting
as
shown
may
be found
in
either the
attempt
Historical Society or in the
New York
in
Public
Library, and consists of the following publications
The
(i)
Correct
law since
March
Institute,
Dec.
Arms
16, 1778.
2,
1879, by
of the State of
Historical
New York
as established
by
Essay read before the Albany
Henry A. Holmes, LL.D., of
the
State
Library, Albany, 1880.
Report of the Commissioners of the Correct Arms of the State
(2)
of
New
York, with Appendix:
Letter of
H. A. Holmes
to the
Com-
missioners, Transmitted to the Senate April 13, 1881, Albany, 1881.
(3)
Second Paper on the Correct Arms of the State of
as established
Institute,
May
State Library,
by law since March

24, 1881,
16, 1778.
Read
New York
before the Albany
by Henry A. Holmes, LL.D., Librarian of the
Albany, 1882.
Plate
XXIV
Plate
XXV
Plate
XXVI
'-'/^.Sl,.:/^ây'
ji.
's
Seal.
.-s^jg^
..
'.-^
i^^J:
-^ .xsm^-^.
/.
c\iy
^^
//OJ.
New

By Act of May
(4)
the original
How
on the public seals''
the reader
New
arms of the State of
may
Tork and
the engraver
far
63
Chap. 190, the Legislature of the
20, 1882,
passed the above Act, entitled, "
New York
State of
Tork
to
is
An Act
to reestablish
provide for the use thereof

responsible for the result
judge.
XXVI.
Pl.ate
Paulding Seals
No.
has already been alluded to in connection with
" No.
Charter, p. 44 herein.
Church, 1697,
still
in use."
poration that the steel die
It
same piece of metal
There
"No.
Comm.
4, Territorial Seal
"No.
of " the
Provincial
Mayor's
Corporation
5,
tradition in the office of the corto give
impression of the seal
which the design was sunk
same
Mayor's
Seal
of
1669, see
Seal, 1795."^^
in
is
1697.
well founded, as
is
with every probability of truth.
of Governor
Corporation
Seal in
it
of Trinity
"No.
Council, struck immediately after Revolution."
the Provincial Seal of 1669,
Seal
of the
very strong likelihood that the tradition
of N. Y.
Plate XII.
is
into
attendant circumstances clothe

3,5'*Seal
Seal
now used
the very
is
2,
Dongan
the
p.
54.
In 1784.
55,
Also 1784, "Seal of Mayoralty."
as
impressed
on
1685)."
Dongan
(N. Y. City)-i70i,"
New
Yorke,"
which
This was
Charter,
This was the
accompanied the
43 herein, and Appendix B.
New York
25. 1783-
Dongan (about
"No.
6,
was evacuated by the British Nov.
New
64
The
following
engaged
then
Council,
extracts
are
from
Common
Minutes of the
the
formulizing
in
Tork
new
the
government.
city
[Manuscript Minutes, Library, City Hall.]

City of
New
York
At
Common
Council held
holder in the City of
New
at
the
House of John Simmons Inn
York on Tuesday the
i6'!-
Day of March
178+.
[Vol VIII
p.
Present
31]
^James
Duane
Esq!^
Mayor,
Richard Varick Esqr Recorder,
The
in
Laws &
following
News
one of the public
law
for altering
ordinances were passed and published and ordered to be printed
....
Papers, viz!
and directing the uses of the public Seals of
Bound Volume, The New York Packet and

Thursday April
City of
New
York.
American Advertiser,
[N. Y. His! Soc]
1784
8.
the
....
City
this
ss.
At
Common
Council held in the said City, on Tuesday the
16th
day of March, 1784.

Present, James Duane, Esquire. Mayor.
....
Richard Varick Esquire Recorder,
The following Laws and Ordinances for

and
residents within the said city,
be printed in one of the public
A Law
Be
in
and government of the inhabitants
News
and directing the Uses of the public Seals of
Council convened, and
commonly
it
is
this City.
called the City Seal, the Seal,
is
say.
to
That
city
of
New
York,
hereby ordained by the authority of the same. That the
commonly
called the Seal of the
and the Seal commonly called the Seal of Mayoralty, be respectively
manner: That
altered
Mayor's Court,
in
the following
the device, on the said seals respectively, in representation of an
New
Imperial crown be defaced, and that instead thereof, the crest of the arms of the State of
York, that
and
is
that the
And
to say, a representation
Mayor
be
it
be authorized to cause the said
same be put and
writings
which
of a semi globe, with a soaring eagle thereon, be inserted,
further ordained by
mentioned Seal, be, and remain

the
shall,
affixed
to
to
Papers, viz:
ordained by the Mayor, Aldermen, and Commonalty of the
it
Common
Seal,
for altering
the good rule
were ordained made, established and published, and ordered
aforesaid.
to
be altered accordingly.
That
the
said
first
above
and
that
grants, leases, freedoms, warrants and other instruments
and
in the
all
seals respectively
the authority
custody and keeping of the Clerk of
this city,
from time to time be made granted or issued, by order of the
Council or otherwise, provided for by the charter cf
this city,
Common
and to freedoms granted by order
New

of the Mayor's Court, and that the said
65
be not put or used to any other purpose
shall
seal
York
whatsoever.
That
remain
in
commonly
the said small seal
the custody
and keeping of the
issuing out of the said Court, and the
Mayor's
Seal of
the
called
Court,
and be put and
said Clerk,
affixed
be and
also
to
Court of General Sessions of the Peace, and
proces?
all
no other
to
purposes whatsoever.
And
commonly
said Seal,
the
Mayor of
custody and keeping of the
by the
Mayor,
said
tions, testimonials,
all
of Mayoralty,
Seal
seal
be and remain
or Court of
Aldermen of
in
the
same may,
the said city for the time
such writings and instruments, depositions, affidavits, exemplifica-
and other matters and things
protests,
under the public
certified
Mayor,
or by the said
being, be put and affixed to
the
called
the said city for the time being, and that the
as
are
and customary
useful
be
to
of any Mayoralty, for the better attesting of the truth of the
matters and things thereby certified.
At
City of
New
Common
Council held
("
Wednesday
'
Ordered
the like to pay
of his acct. for making
new
Andrew
provided
Mayor
&
That of March 16. 1784] produced
determined
&
old Seals
&
examined
&
of
jr^\'^,,\o.
to the
this
shillings in
full
Seals
Corporation
in that
case
made and
Board the Corporation, the Mayoralty
to the Directions
of the said ordinance
approved of by the Board,
which
was thereupon Ordained
it
declared that the said Seals respectively be adopted
the public Seals of this
as
that the old Seals be broken by the Clerk in presence of Mr. Mayor, and the said
were respectively broken accordingly.
It will be
observed that the ordinance of March 16, 1784, provided
that the representation of an Imperial

in the old
seals
and that the
crown
as a crest
crest of the State
usually the
in
case,
substituted,
Nos. 3 and
in
good
part,
should be defaced
Arms, being
with a soaring eagle thereon, should be substituted.
shown
Mavor
Pounds ten
fifteen
Mayors Court
pursuant to the ordinance of
said Seals being respectively
City
Sum
Billings the
Corporation Mayoralty
and the Mayors Court Seals altered agreeable
1784
James Duane Esqr
by the Committee and allowed by the Board
.... Mr
the City Hall of the said City on
the i" day of September
Present
audited
at
York
his
The
own
a semi globe
engraver, as
incorrect
is
designs
6.
In this connection
it
is
of Mayoralty was authorized
interesting to note
in
1735.
that
an
See Appendix C.
English Seal
66
XXVII
Plate
New York
City of
Seal of
In
Mayoralty
Common
28, minutes
Vol.
Common
New York
Council
April
18 14
i8th,
Council, 157.
Hon. De Witt Clinton, Mayor
....
His Honor the Mayor informed the Board that the Seal of the Mayoralty having
much worn as to be no longer legible he had directed a new one of steel to be made
which he presented.
Whereupon
Resolved, that the seal sunk in steel, now presented be hereafter considered as the Seal of
become
so
Mayoralty of the City of
Documents wherein
New
York, and be
the said seal
is
affixed
as
by law and custom
to
such in attestation of
all
papers and
be used
]ls[
It
having been also represented, that the City Seal and the Seal of the
had by long usage become much worn,
on causing new
it
was
Mayor's Court
refered to the following committee to take order,
Seals to be sunk.
The Committee were Mr. King
"
Brackett
Aid" Smith.
It
was
also
ordered that the comptroller audit the account and report a Warrant, for
executing the Mayoralty Seal,
On
paid
2,
by comptroller
as
having been
18 14:
Mr. Fourtz on
M.
cause the old seal to be broken up and destroyed.
page 187, Warrant reported
May
On
&
acct
Mayty
Seal (or Bal)
gioo.
page 311, July 18, 1884:

Fourot.
In the
May'''
Com
New York
Coun'
& Mayors
City
Directory
Court Seals, $260.00.
appears
L. Fourniquet, g &'
smith,
2/ Ann.
for
18 14, the
following
entry
Plate
.ccîj
XXVn
at^t^<.:t.
e^c.<>^
trw'CrTi,
/^
C4^>
'/
Jth OC^
I
'
CA^
t/
^-t^**- cXiQ* O
CC-J t-x4f it^n.cc^yti^ C4^cnyv<^'^
(zO-J
t I
X^^
jt<~t.j^
lZ
^J L^t^^ cAytJtLcL
c^
t^CH^ /L-4L
uixcL L
L<JC4^^ i.c-je^*.LcC
C X^rZc-^.
<?-.
fitu^ &-0 1 ^ *.
rC-.
CttZx^
o l**.C
c t> <
C'^cXiy
f^t.<.
t^ CV
r/îct^
LCrLL K^t^C^L
I
CCCt
(L7
iJt^-<4
cc-^^^/b
i^4
/
Û^^'^j^t,!^fti
y
CAJ>
)L^ (n^C^
tixi.
v.t^ <at^^ c-^
/y%c/u. ce-^Z^
-c.^^-t-
ttZc, my'lL Oca./ ^^t
ct^
tJî. ciCZ:. '/4t,<Lj
C:ci
*.fît^<* Cx.,^.^c3t^*.<^Âjt^
t^-cc
TU^f
J^^cA^
9-
CCC c c J <2U
'TTZk^' ^^^-t e/t^:tX^7d
<^/<l^.
Plate
XXVni
New York

Here
the Engraver again asserts himself.
to the sinster side, replaces the
with
curved
From
now
seal,
Paulding Seal No.
is
Appendix
discussed.
B,
enriched
the Cupid
Plate
bow
XXVI.
City
in
use.
This
follows
Seal,
closely
the
the inscription, however, conforms to that
i.
'LATE
See
i,
keeping of Mr. Scully, City Clerk,
design in the preceding

in the
New York
an impression of the seal at present
the
in
See No.
is
XXVIII
Plate
Seal of
XXVIII, and
Plate
moderates the ferocity of the Indian.
Eagle, head twisted
The "semi globe"
Phoenix.
diagonal lines, as in
The
67
wherein
XXIX
No.
5,
Paulding Seals, Plate
XXVI
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
TABLE
p uints
The
sinister
or
or
E
F
right hand
side of the
ii
of the Escutcheon.
ABC
The dexter
Table,
I.
left
Argent
hand
GULE6'
side of the
escutcheon.
escutcheon.
^--Z-^
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
1
Dexter chief.
Middle chief.
Honour
Sable
AZITRE
Sinister chief.
/3^
point.
Fess point.
Nombril point.
Dexter base.
Middle base.
Sinister base.
Purpure
Note, The chief is the top or chief part of the

escutcheon, ni aiked A, B, C , the base is the lower
part of the CSC utcbeon, marked Or H, I.
THE ESCUTCHEON
or Shield, in arms, means the original
shield used in war, and on which arms were originally
borne; the surface of the escutcheon is termed the yfÂ?,
because it contains such honorable marks as anciently
were acquired in the field.
Points of the Escutcheon mean certain points or
locations, in which the figures or charges of the field
happen to be particularly placed the shield is said to
represent the body of a man, and has its parts taken
therefrom, as by the example, Table I.
signifies that part to be the dexter, or right hand
chief; B, the precise middle chief; C, the sinister or
left hand chief; D, the collar, or honor point; in regard
that eminent men, as knights of the garter, thistle,
&c. wear their badges of honour about their necks in
like manner is E called the heart or fess point, as being
the exact middle of the shield; F, the nombril, or navel
point; G, H, I, the dexter, middle, and sinister base
points ; whence particular care ought to be paid thereto,
for the more plainly describing the position or seat of
the things borne for the same figure, in the very same
tinctures, borne in different points of the escutcheon,
renders those bearings so many different arms.
Therefore these points, or locations, ought to be well
observed
for an arms with a lion in chief differs
essentially from one with a lion in base.
Escutcheon,
7^^
Names.
Or, Argent,
Gules,
Azure,
Table
II
COLOURS AND FURS

The
colours used in the science of heraldy are geneblue, black, green, purple; termed in this
science gules, azure, sable, vert, and purpure.
Yellow
and white, termed or and argent, are metals:
rally red,
Colours
Yellow.
White.
Red.
Blue.
Black.
Sable.
Vert,
Purpure,
Green.
Purple.
Colours and metals, when engraved, are known by

points and hatched lines; as or, the metal gold, is known
in engraving by small dots or points; argent, a metal
which is white, and signifies silver, is always left plain;
GULES, this colour is expressed by lines perpendicular
from top to bottom; azure, a color known by horizontal lines from side to side; sable, a colour expressed
by horizontal and perpendicular lines crossing each
other vert, a colour described by hatched lines from
right to left diagonally; purpure, a colour known by
hatched lines from the sinister chief to the dexter base,
diagonally.
See the examples T 2.
S. Petrasancta,
an Italian herald, about two centuries ago, is said to
have been the first who thought of expressing the
tinctures by lines and points.
;
71
APPENDIX
To All
Xian People
whom
to
and Commonalty of the Citty of
sume of
eration of the
said
and
five
this
New
present Writeing Shall
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty
shillings
hand paid
in
Come, The Mayor, Aldermen
Know Yee
Yorke, Send greeting
pounds, twelve
thirty
and
six
that for
and
in consid-
pence curr' money to the
and before the ensealing and delivery
at
Anna Maria Van Home, widdow, the receipt whereof the said Mayor, Aldermen
and Commonalty doe hereby acknowledge and thereof and of every part and parcell thereof,
hereof by
doe
for themselves
said
Anna Maria van
and
their successors
fully
&
and absolutely acquite, exonerate
discharge, the
horn, her heires and assignes forever by these presents, they the said
New
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the Citty of
Yorke
Have
aforesaid
granted,
bargained, sold released and confirmed, and by these presents doe for them and their successors
grant, bargaine
and
sell
release
or Toft of ground, situate,
and confirme unto the
said
Anna Maria Vanhorne All
lyeing and being within the Citty of
neare the Dock, bounded on the
West by
the Lott of
Hendrick
New
phillips,
reare of the lott's formerly bought of the Citty, on the
East by the
Browne, on the South by the Dock or Rivver containing
in length five
bredth, eight and twenty foot and a halfe
all
and appurtenances whatsoever to the same belonging or

estate, right, title, interest, reversion,
said
in
on every
five
the said
shall build in
And
shall at her
whensoever she
(that
to say)
for the
it
is
commodities
the
the
any part thereof.
To
its
appurtenances unto
Ever, Yielding and paying therefore
if the
their
all
agree with the said
to
if
Mayor,
said lott, she
her buildings on said
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonality
successors
same be lawfully
any buildings upon the
high and the gabell end to be of brick or stone, and
further
and in
all
premises with
shall erect
is
foot
surveyed and
is
proffitts,
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty, and
manner and forme following
stories
and may be lawfull

same.
that
of Capt. John de
demand whatsoever, of them
Anna Maria van home doth covenant and
Aldermen and Commonaltv,
two whole
all
and twentieth day of. March, the rent of one pe per corne,
demanded, and
lott
and twenty
into or out of the same, or
Have And To Hold the said lott or toft of ground and

the said Anna Maria Van home her heirs and assignes for
yearly and every year unto the said
to the
any wise appertaining, and
remainder, claime and
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty, of
in or
North
on the
English measure, as the same
staked out by the sworne surveyors of the said Citty, Together with
that Lott
Yorke aforesaid
lott shall
otherwise built
demolish and pull
street,
be
shall
downe
covenanted and agreed upon, that the said Anna Maria van
propper cost and charge, build a good and substantial!
it
the
home
twenty-five foot broad,
the wall to bee of stone three foot and one-halfe broad at the bottome to batter one foot inward
on the outside and

five foot distance
at
to
defend the same from rubbing of Boats by driving of piles or stockadoes
one from the other of seaven inches diameter, and bound together with a plate
the top which being once so built and finished to the likeing and
from that time forwards
it
shall
be kept and maintained
72
approbation of the surveyor
in repair att the sole cost
and charge of
Plate
XXIX
Appendix B
the Citty the
same being
remaine for the use of the Citty and the said
to
Dock mudd twenty
doth covenant and agree to use the
and
said lott,
wharfe and
that the said
street
and wall
Home
foot into the said docic for filling
up the
shall
be finished and compleated by the
twenty-eighth day of January next ensueing the date hereof, and the said
building and
in
the
filling
up the
wall and street
said
sworne surveyors, and the
said
and
Anna Maria van home,
agree to and with the said

lott
their
in consideration
by them, the
successors, or
said
of the
successors, doth further covenant and
her heires and assignes that in front of the said
or toft of ground sold and conveyed, as aforesaid, no buildings whatsoever shall
hereafter be built or erected
at
any time
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty, and
their
any other prson by. from or under them.
In Wittnesse whereof the said Mayor, Aldermen and
Common
York have caused the

to
Anna Maria van hoorne
hereby oblidged to follow the directions of
is
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty,
afore recited covenants in bchalfe of themselves
Anna Maria van home

Anna Maria van
not to claime any profitt or benefitt thereby or right thereunto, and the said
Mayor of
be signed by the
affixed,
Citty of
in the
yeare of our lord.
New
and these presents
the said Citty this 21st day of Aprill in the fourth
Reigne of our Sovereigne Lord and Lady William and
Queen over England &c and
Commonalty of the
Seale of the said Citty to be hereunto
yeare of
tjie
Mary by the Grace of God, King and

One thousand Six hundred ninty & two.
A. D. Peyster
Mayor
'
LS
\
Recorded
of
New
in the
Records
for the Citty
York the 21st day of
H.
The above
impression shown
to
in
ôcus
Plate
Aprill
J.
and County
A.D. 1692
Nicholls
sigi/Ii,
XXIX,
indicates
the
XXVI,
The
of the
which seems, with scarcely
have been made by the same die as impression No.
Plate
place
5,
Seal
a doubt,
Paulding
Seals,
p. 63.
original deed,
in the possession
of
from which the foregoing copy was taken,
is
The Title Guarantee and Trust Company.
73
also
APPENDIX
Common
Att a
Tuesday the
22"!
Council held
at
Present
the City Hail of the said City on
Dom
day of July Anno
MSS. Minutes]
[Vol. IV. 359
C
1735
Paul Richard Esq''
Mayor
Daniel Horsmanden Esq' Recorder
Mayor having Consented
M''
Clerk of
this
forthwith
to
made and
delivered to M"'
of Mayorality of the City of
Arms
Dollar, the City
to be
Seal of Mayorality) and
New
Mayor
York,
which
Seal
Le Roux make
Common
Att a
Tuesday the
[Vol. IV. 362]
the
Present
of the Office
at
of the said City on
the City Hall
Paul Richard Esq'
New York
Expedition,
all
day of September Anno
that
Motto be (City of
same with
Council held
sixteenth
Ordered
is
Common
A Seal be
be Round something larger than
the
that
it
to be Called the Seal
is
that the Said Seal
Engraved thereon, and
that M''
Corporation to the
deliver the seal of this
Corporation for the use of the Said Corporation,
Dom
1735.
Mayor
Gerrardus Stuyvesant Esq' Deputy
Mayor
Daniel Horsmanden Esq' Recorder.
Ordered
the
Mayor
Issue his
Goldsmith or Order the sum of

this
Colony
as appears
in full
by
his
of
his
five
to the
Treasurer to pay to
Ace' which
is
M'
Charles Le
and three pence Current
shillings
Ace' for Plate and making the
seal
of the Mayoralty of
this
Roux
Money
of
Corporation
Audited and allowed.
Common
Att a
Tuesday
[p.
Warrant
pounds Nine
Council held
the fourth day of
Present
376.]
at
the
City Hall of the Said City on
November Anno
Dom
Paul Richard ESq'
1735
Mayor.
Daniel Horsmanden ESq' Recorder.
A Law
declaring, to
what Uses the Seal
of
this
Corporation, the Seal of
the Mayor's Court and the Seal of the Mayoralty of this City shall be put unto.
Be
New
it
Ordained by
the
Mayor, Recorder Aldermen and
Assistants of the
City of
Common Council and

is hereby Ordained by the Authority of the
That the Common Seal of this Corporation, commonly Called the City Seal (now in
Same.
the Custody and Keeping of the Common Clerk of this Corporation); shall not be put, and
York, convened
affixed
to
in
it
any Writing or Instrument whatsoever. Except unto such Grants, Leases, Freedoms
Warrants, Lycences, or Other Instruments,
as
74
shall
Concern
this
Corporation in Point of
Appendix C
or
Interest,
Common
Otherwise, and
that
Common
by Order of the
Council of the
Council, convened or unto Freedoms, by Order of the
City,
said
Mayor's Court of the
in
said
City; any Usage heretofore to the Contrary Notwithstanding.
And
the
it
is
Further Ordained by
Custody and Keeping of the
Seal of the
said City,
Mayor's Court, be put unto
all
Clerk of
Tavern Keepers or
and that
Victuallers, within
all
this
this
And
for the
called
the
Mayor's Court of the
City and County of
New
York,
Alehouse Keepers,
City, be Sealed with the same Seal
aforesaid
Seal of Mayoralty,
may, by
such Writings
That
Custody and Keeping of the Mayor of

the said
Mayor, or the Mayor of
by the Mayor, and Court of Aldermen of the same City,
And
and
that
the
this
the Seal belonging to this
this
Corporation) called the
City, for the time being, or
for the time being, be put
and affixed
Instruments, Depositions, Affidavits, Exemplifications, Testimonials
and other Matters and Things,
Protests
Seal, (also in
commonly
Lycenscs, granted to Carmen,
further Ordained by the Authority
be it
in the
all
the small
be used to no Other Intents or purposes whatsoever.
Corporation, (now
to
That
Corporation),
Process, issuing out of the
and Court of General Sessions of the Peace
Warrants and Testimonials
said Seal
the Authority aforesaid
Common
as are usual
and Customary
to
be Certified, under the
publick Seal of any Mayoralty, for the better Attesting of the Truth of the Matters and Things,
thereby Certified
of
this
and that the said Seal be always
Corporation, for the time being.
75
in the
Keeping and Custody of the Mayor
BIBLIOGRAPHY
John Romeyn Brodhead, History of the State of
Hist. Soc, or N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
Emmet
New
York.
Harper
&
York.
1879-82.
Bros.
(N. Y.
2 vols.
(N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
Collection.
Henrv A. Holmes, The Correct Arms of

Soc, or N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
Edgar A. Harner,
Civil List
New
the State of
New
(N. Y. Hist. Soc, or N. Y. Pub.
1889-91.
York.
(N. Y. Hist.
Lib.)
Casparus Commelin, Beschryvinge van Amsterdam,
t'
Amsterdam.
'693.
(N. Y.
2 vols.
Hist. Soc.)
Francois Halma, Toneel der Vreenigde Nederlandett.
(N. Y. Hist. Soc. Lib.)
2 vols.
Ed. used herein, Thomas Y. Crovvell
Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic.

1
1/2^.
Frederic Harrison, William the Silent.
Ed. used herein, Macmillan
&
Co.
E. B. O'Callaghan, Edited by. The Documentary History of the State of

jean
&
Co.,
N. Y.
90 1.
Le Clerc, Histoire des Provinces-Unies Des Pays-Bas.

(N. Y. Pub. Lib.
Shelf mark 5^.)
Pierre Bizot,
Medalische Histoire Der Republyk van Holland,
t^
1907.
New
York.
Amsterdam.
vols.
Amsterdam.
1728.
(Rutgers
1690.
Col. Lib.)
Pierre Bizot.
Same
in
(N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
1688.
French.
MHV.
Shelf mark
Gerard van Loon, Histoire Metallique des XVII Provinces des Pays-Bas.
Haye.
(N. Y. Pub. Lib.
Shelf mark ^.)
L.
Forrer, Biographical Dictionary of Medallists.
The New
International Encyclopaedia.
\.
of Safety of the State of
(N. Y.
Hist.
Soc,
or
New
1902.
State
of
New
New York.
Gerard van Loon,
vols.
Dictionnaire
Der
Soc,
Knickerbocker Press.
or
1897.
Provincial Convention, Committee of Safety, and Council

1842.
1775-1776-1777. 2 vols. Albanv.
N. Y. Pub.
Beschryving
1723-1731.
Hist.
York.
Lib.)
to
1856-61.
(N. Y.
York.
the Colonial Histors of the State of New York.

(N. Y. Hist. Soc, or N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
Documents Relating
Ludovic Lalanne.
the
The Records of New Amsterdam.
Journals of the Provincial Congress,
La
483.
Henrv A. Holmes, The Correct Arms of

N. Y. Pub. Lib.)
Berthold Fernovv,
5 vols.
Nederlandsche
Historipenningen.
(N. Y. Pub. Lib., Stuart 1161.)

Historique
De La
76
John Romeyn Brodhead.
France.
In's
Graavenhaage.
NOTE
In order to furnish
the
inclusive, the following correspondence
Plates
This
transcribed.
is
some American
conjectures of
various
to set at rest the
regarding
evidence
best
will
serve
writers
upon
subject.
this
"Amsterdam, Aug"
Mr. Edw.
S.
Dover,
New
Jersey,
A.
S.
Sir:
In reply to your
letter
the Archivist of the State,
vou proposed
questions
Enclosed
Hague,
all
to the
beg to inform you that
Mr. Th. H.
Jhr.
relative to the archives ot
arms of Amsterdam
send you a copy of the arms as they

Indeed, on February
Amsterdam
given to
are almost
1898
revision of
of July 30th,
the
at
Only with regard
Kingdom.
crown.
crown of our realm."
This
1508, had assumed the
title
is
The
charter
ith,
Always
used,
is
since, the
the Rudoiphinian
You
are right
crown
this letter to
the VV.
I.
Company and of
are
borne by our
1489, Maximilian, the
city
Roman
the
says:"de crone van onsen rvcke,"

after that
Roman Emperor
after
the
King, has
i.e.,
"the
Maximilian, on Febr. 4th,
with the insignia imperialia,

i.e., the
it
crown of
was
the
That which now
has been considered as an imperial one.
type of 1602.
the black pale on the red shield does not conform to the rule that
inadmissible to place color
upon
color.
But
to the
use."
" De
herziene officieele voorstelling van het
Some more
have sent
can give you some information.
now
always so understood, that
of an elected
van Riemsdijk, because the
F.
allowed to the city of Amsterdam to bear the crown of his realm,
Empire.
is
13th, 1909.
Wilde,
U.
Dear
also
IX
to
it
is
just as
you observed: " time has given
information about the arms of Amsterdam you
may
find in
wapen van Amsterdam."
Mr.
W.
Amsterdam,
it
R. Veder,
S, L.
van
Looy, 1900.
Mr.
W.
R. Veder, the archivist, being on leave,

I
am
truly yours
JoH.
Breen,
C.
Adj. Archivist."
77
is
sanctity
;
:
"The
Dear
Sir
A
let
Hague, September
z,
1909.
few weeks ago Dr.
W.
R. Veder, the city-archmst of Amsterdam, requested
me
to
you know
I
what the colours were of the coat of arms granted
the province of
to
New
Nether-
land by the States General
2? what the colours were of the coat of arms granted
Amsterdam Chamber of
3?
the
West India Company
Wapen- en Zegelkunde,
In answer to these questions

that I
New
is
"
In the
Naerdere aenwijsinghe ende observation op het
Hooge ende Mogende Heeren Staten-Generael
1649 in Nieu Amsterdam"

High and Mighty Lords the
it
stated
is
States
that
New
Netherland
General have given
"
it
is
count's coat of arms
Mo. met
een graefflijck
2" that the minutes, or Notulen, of the Amsterdam Chamber of the

^""^ \o&\.,
that the best
so that
it
is
impossible to
know
"
Geschichte des Nassauischen
Goeckingk
Verlag von C. A. Starke, 1880).
gives
that the question of the colours
discussed
(Groningen,
J.
B. Wolters, 1900).
Ter Gouw's book
of our national
by Mr. C. de Waard
1572 and 1630 the
in
From De Waard's
Believe
after
my
me,
flag in various
researches
white,
New
far as I
Wappens"
it
am
(Gorlitz,
epochs of our history
is
would follow
that
between
between 1630 and 1664
red, white, blue.
Sir,
F.
van RlEMSDlJK,
Keeper of the State Archives.
Esq.,
Jersey,
States
Company
truly yours,
Th. H.
Edward Seymour Wilde,
it
blue;
1664 always
Dear
Very
United
I.
" De Nederlandsche Vlag"
excellent book
his
colours of the flag were orange,
either orange, white, blue or red, white, blue;
Dover,
W.
picture of the coat of arms of William
the Silent considerably diifering from the one given in
carefullv
wapen
exactly what seal was granted by
book on the armorial bearings of the House of Nassau, so
aware, was written by H. von Goeckingk:
Heeren
called a province
of the year 1654

3 ?
der Vereenigde
deses jaers onses
Julij
wert een provincie genoemt omdat het van Haer Ho.
vereert
Ter Gouw,
were during the period of 1623-1664.
flag
Nederlanden onse Hoochloffelijcke Souverainen, geschreven 26
(" Het
the
beg to reply
Netherland.
request aen de Doorluchtige
because the
Amsterdam by
have been unable to find the resolution by which the States General granted the
coat of arms to
Jesu Christi
New
to
are correct
4? what the colours of our national
1654
the colours of the coat of arms of Prince William the Silent as given in
if
Studien over
in
of America,
78
Amsterdam Archives,
April
Dear
ig-'io.
Sir:
You
find enclosed a translation
will
of the transport-act, of which you sent
me
a photo-
graphical reproduction.
I
tried to translate
that there will not be
it
any
word by word,
literally,
failure in
Perhaps Mr. van Laer, archivist
As
century,
ing
"
can
tell
sufficient
City Hall
will see, but
Albany, will be so kind
in
you
that there
1342 and
grounds.
in
1655."
is
that
" The
never saw
am
not beyond doubt
who
to
make
lived
in
the corrections.
the midst of the
of the crown
in
1488."
peace treaty of Munster
Also there
is
in
an opinion which will
before that seal with the beaver:

Believe
There
1648
fix
are
different
of the
the origin to a simple private
Loon and Cornelia Hunthum
in
1656.
very interesting!
me. Dear
Sir,
W.
R. Veder,
Archivist.
S.
Wilde, Esq.,
Dover,
New Jersey,
U.
S.
7th
conjectures
or the inauguration
faithfully yours,
Edward
uncertainty about the occasion relating to his medal represent-
the wedlock-celebration of Adriaen van
affair, viz.:
you
your request concerning Pieter van Abeele,
to
the privilege of
without
new
as
it.
America.
79
^
I
'^HE purpose of
-^ place
least
in
this
work has been
to
the hands of the reader, with the
possible detail, a recital
of the
facts
and
principles as indicated in the opening paragraph.
In whatever respect he
of
this
may have
fallen
short
purpose, the writer begs indulgence.

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COLUMBIA LIBRARIES OFFSITE

niewu ^im/ftrd<!m o^ Je MtnJiattmt

TVhen you leave, please leave this book

Avery Architectural and

Fine Arts Library

Old York Library

York -City and State

EDWARD SEYMOUR WILDE,

" Time brings the truth

Published by the Author

East 31st Street

Edward Seymour Wilde

of these ten are specially color

FROM WHOSE ARCHIVES MUCH OF THE MATERIAL

AND WITH PLEASANT RECOLLECTION OF THE

ILLUSTRATIONS AND CONTENTS

Color blazon Escutcheon Clinton Kamilv.

crosses crosslet Jitch/e sable, three, two,

azure, two mullets or, pierced gules.

time and labor has been employed by the

writer in the discovery of these

Used in 1777 by George ClinGovernor of the State of New York, in lieu

of a Great Seal of the State, not yet legislatively

This honorable use seems

more than passing

Indeed, this Seal,

Great Seal of the State

York, and was thus used by authority.

New York Genealogical and

Record, Vol. 12, No.

The Book of Family

America Heraldica, Ed. by Vermont, p.p. 26, 161

Gov. Clinton did not assume

the crest, doubtless he did not consider that he

was entitled to such use.

and Medals; Dutch, English and American

Prince of Orange, surnamed the Silent; Parting of the

18. Three arch

The Civic Ancestry of

Pieter van Abeele, seventeenth century.

The Medal shows upon the obverse, Count

Crest, Imperial Crown.

Medal-coin, Obverse as of Plate I.

the reverse the

(See Note, p. 79.)

Extracts relating to this medal,

authorizes the use of the

Imperial Crow'n as a Crest.

Copy of Deed, Abraham Verplanck

Johannes Megapolensis, dated January 21, 1656,

Conveyance was signed by the grantor

became the grantee's

Color blazon Arms

as in Seal Plate VI.

The insignia g.W.c. on the overpp. 36-7-8.

Illustrations and Contejits

Silver Signet of December

van Cortlandt and his daughter

Seal ok Amsterdam in "New" Netherland,

appears on Dutch Resolutions.

Title page to the

land, by Adriaen van der Donck,

There exists grave doubt that Dr. van der Donck