Behavioral Aspect of Housing

THEORIES ON HOUSING

Residents Satisfaction

An indication of peoples response to the environment they live in.

Environment is not only the physical setting but also the social and economic dimensions of
such settings.

BASIC NEEDS APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT

Basic Material Needs
1. Food
2. Clothing
3. Water
4. Sanitation
5. Healthcare
6. Shelter and sleep
7. Income/Employment
8. Sex and Procreation
9. Recreation
10. Education
11. Electricity
12. Transportation
13. Communication
Basic Human Needs
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Freedom
Security
Identity
Well-being
Communion with Nature (ecological balance)

Minimum Basic Needs (Pres. Fidel Ramos Administration)

Survival Health, Food and Nutrition; Water and Sanitation (infant mortality,
malnutrition, access to safe water, access sanitary toilet)
Security Shelter, Peace and Order (households with squatters, households with
makeshift housing)

Enabling Income, Employment, Education (poverty threshold, food threshold. 3 meals

a day, unemployment rate, elementary school participation, high school participation)

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs in the context of Housing

Theorist says that behaviour of people at a point of time is prompted by their needs

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

Self-Actualization improvement of one self (public and private setting)

Self-esteem - source of pride; reflection of economic standing
Social needs sense of belonging
Safety protection from violence/lawlessness
Physiological Needs protection from natural elements

Interaction Approach to Housing Satisfaction

Interaction among family members is necessary before they know of

satisfaction/dissatisfaction
Situation a set of values and attitudes in a process activity

Consensus about the level of satisfaction depends on:

Relative power of family members

Family structure
Dominance

POST-OCCUPANCY EVALUATION

To measure occupants behaviour and their relations to the surrounding environment

70s post-occupancy evaluations were carried out
80s decline as housing policies changed (privatization)
Systematic post-occupancy evaluation studies started
90s adoption of these studies by developing countries

The major concerns of P.O.E. are to evaluate the occupants view on:

Privacy
Security
Use of materials and external space
Building image
Satisfaction level
Personalization of space of their houses and housing areas

Major findings of P.O.E.

Find expression and control to their own home environment

Provide adequate degree of security and privacy
Provide rich and varied physical settings for various age
Image created by the environment important consideration for the occupants