GRADUATION EXAM

JOAN FERNANDO GALLEGOS CASTRO

CENDIA LANGUAGE INSTITUTE | JOS COBO

TOPICS

CENDIA LANGUAGE INSTITUTE

GRADUATION EXAM

TOPICS

JOAN FERNANDO GALLEGOS CASTRO

2015

Make it simple.
Make it memorable.
Make it inviting to look at.
Make it fun to read
(Leo Burnett)

INDEX
1) How can we decrease indexes of incurable diseases? Such as: cancer, high
blood

pressure,

diabetes,

AIDS.06
Causes of the increase.
Stress as responsible for it.
Habits in every disease.
Recommendations for avoiding these diseases.
2) Is stress affecting peoples lives style at present more than in the past? Why
and
how?.................................................................................................................09
Stress definition.
Ways to cope with it.
Therapies.
Positive stress.
3) Are

recent

wars

intent

in

solving

territorial

and

political

problems?....................12
Current conflicts.
Interest (political, territorial).
Are international organizations helping?
4) Would drugs legalization be the accurate decision to abolish drugs
smuggling?.......................................................................................................15
Legal consumption of marijuana.
Societies reaction.
Positive and negative consequences of the legalization of it.
5) Being global warming a current problem in the world what are governments
really

doing

to

it?.................................................................................................18
Do people care about it?
Explain how it works?

stop

How can we decrease indexes of incurable diseases? Such as: cancer, high
blood pressure, diabetes, AIDS.

Causes of the increase.

Stress as responsible for it.
Habits in every disease.
Recommendations for avoiding these diseases.

Incurable diseases are a big problem nowadays according to the World Health
Organization. For example, Diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar. A
diabetic person has to consume special food to be healthy and if they want to
consume something to drink, it has to be without sugar. Cancer is a powerful
disease because it can spread to other parts of the body and it causes many
symptoms. There are different kinds of cancer but all of them have different
treatments. High blood pressure is another disease, which affects a great deal of
people. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute it is a common
disease in which blood flows through arteries at higher than normal and they say
that there are two main types of high blood pressure. The disease, in which the
patient can live nine or eleven years after the infection without treatment, is AIDS.
In that case, you are going to need many blood transfusions.
According to Ministerio de Salud Pblica of Ecuador, many people dont
consume healthy food, for example schools and high schools offer fast food at the
restaurant, also if the students want to drink something you are going to find only
soda, and artificial juices. In this case, some people dont know that only one glass
with soda has too much sugar and it can cause diabetes. People who eat much
sugar have to drink water to establish the organism. To avoid all of these diseases
like high blood pressure you have to work out and it will help you to decrease
many problems in the body. Ministerio de Salud Pblica of Ecuador says that
many doctors have been developing news medicine to taste a new treatment since
2010, but they say that when they are working in cancer or AIDS is too difficult
because there are mutations in the virus.
Doctors still havent discovered the cure for cancer, diabetes, high blood
pressure and AIDS, but they work every day to find it. People usually say that the

stress is responsible but it is not true, because you are not going to get AIDS if you
have stress. You will have AIDS if you had unprotected sexual intercourse,
including anal and oral sex; that is the principal means of transmission and also if
you had a contaminated blood transfusions, etc. Doctor Alberto Mart Bosch says
that, habits in every disease are the main problem and also the main solution,
because many people dont eat healthy, and it could be the solution in some
diseases because fruit, meet, water are really important to avoid cancer, or high
blood pressure. People who have these diseases need to drink water, and eat
healthy to live more, because it is going to help you to be stronger; it is necessary
because the medicine is sometimes extremely hard.
Teenagers say they have had the opportunity to talk to a person who have
AIDS, they say that it was really important because they could understand how
these people feel, and after that they have been studying some incurable
diseases. To have the opportunity to talk to a person with cancer was really
interesting. Two hundred people of one thousand have cancer in Ecuador
according to Marcelo Alvares, an Ecuadorian doctor who says that there arent
enough doctors in the country. Marcelo Alvares is the president of Asociacin
Ecuatoriana de Oncologa, he said that cancer is the second cause of death in
Ecuador. The first cause of death is Diabetes. Some diseases cant be
transmitted, such as: high blood pressure, cancer, or diabetes, but we have to be
careful with diseases like AIDS that can be transmitted.
I think that we need to be more aware with all of these diseases, we have to
talk all these things with everybody in order to avoid many diseases, and also to
prevent people who didnt have healthy nutrition, It can help them to change junk
food like soda, or hamburgers for salads, rice, meet, etc. According to me, could

be a good idea if we cook at home, and we stop eating fast food, because it is not
a good nourishment. Children consume a lot of sugar and it is going to be a
problem if they dont drink water, also I think that all the family has to work out to
prevent high blood pressure. We have to be careful with cancer, and for that
reason its necessary go to the doctor frequently, be careful of sun because it can
cause problems on your skin. Finally, to prevent AIDS you have to take care if you
are going to have sex with somebody because you dont know if that person has
some disease.

Is stress affecting peoples lives style at present more than in the past? Why
and how?

Stress definition.
Ways to cope with it.
Therapies.
Positive stress.

Stress is caused by too much work and it can affect how you feel, think, behave
and how your body works. Ecuador has a high index of stress nowadays. The
problem is when you have many things to do, you are going to feel worried and
your brain is going to work extremely hard to try to reduce all the problems,
frustration. According to El Comercio, stress is a common disease in Ecuador and
for that reason the people cant do the best. Stress has many symptoms such as:
depression, anxiety. Doctors have been studying this disease and they say that
people also can drink too much alcohol, and sometimes people can begin to
smoke. Stress, according to the web page Psychology Today, is a reaction when
there are stimuli, stimuli that disturbs physical or mental equilibrium. It can produce
many problems such as headache, bad relations with family.
Doctor Jaramillo says that when people feel uncomfortable or people really
think that they are not in a good condition people have to go to search professional
treatment to feel yourself better, for example students in Ecuador have many
problems, sometimes they have to do a lot of homework. The main problem is
when the students have to work also, doctors say that, if people organize the time
to do all the activities, it is going to be good for your healthy. There are different
ways to cope with it, such as go out to spend time with your family or to spend
time with your friends, if you do those things you are going to feel better. If you
work too much, you have to take a break to relax your mind but, why? If you dont
do it you brain will work in a bay way and you could do bad job and for sure you
could catch stress. To remember all those things, you have to organize your life
style.
Ecuador has many hospitals where you can go there if you think that you have
stress, there are a lot of treatments but, those are different because it depends on

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the person who has these problem. For example, you could avoid stress talking a
lot with the doctor, because you are letting go all your problems when you talk but
many people cant avoid it talking. Paul was a student at Central Tecnico High
School, he says that when he was at the high school he was worried about all the
assignment that he had, he also says that he was nervous when the teacher
asked something him. Paul has not known how a person feels the stressed, he
says that he talked with his parents about it and he had to go to the doctor to
receive therapy, and then he could understand that stress can cause death if you
dont pay attention to solve your concern.
There is a positive stress called eustress with different characteristics, such as:
improves performance, because you want to get something and you are going to
struggle to get that thing but it is only when you really want and also if you are
motivate, an example to explain eustress could be when you are starting a new job
or a new project, you know that it will be difficult but it cant be a negative stress
because you like to work on it. People with positive stress always have goals to
meet, and it is going to be good for your healthy. When you buy a new house or
when you have a child is considered a positive stress. To understand better, have
good things (those things sometimes are difficult to develop) will cause positive
aspects in your life, but if you dont find how to build positive aspects its
necessary to think how you can feel better.
I think that we have to reorganize our life style to avoid stress because people
is working all the time but they dont like it, when people hate their work they can
get stress and they are going to do a bad job. I think that people have to do
something that they really want to do, to get positive stress, for example Paul had
negative stress because he didnt like to go to the high school and he was sick for

11

that reason, we have to be happy and do all the activities that we love unless we
want to be sick with stress. Doctors can help us but I think that help to somebody
could be really difficult. I want to help people who has these problem, I suppose
that a lot of people need talk with somebody to try to find the solution. I think that a
lot of people dont go to the doctor because they say that they are fine, that they
dont have stress, but it isnt. If you think that your mother or your father has stress
you have to take his or her to the doctor immediately.

Are recent wars intent in solving territorial and political problems?

Current conflicts.
Interest (political, territorial).
Are international organizations helping?

There were too much wars in the past, because people used to declare war if
somebody wants to get a part of territory. For that reason they declared war in
order to get all those things, also sometimes people want to get some extra
territory because is possible that in this area they could find petroleum and it is

12

really important. There were 2 world wars, the first one England won and the
second one Germany won. All those things permitted that The United States
increase the economy and also the power, for that reason Germany does not have
good relations with The United States. Nowadays there are some problems
between Germany and Cuba, because there were missiles installed by England in
Cuba because England wanted to attack The United States but finally they have a
treaty in order to avoid those things.
There are some problems with many countries, such as Syria. This country has
a lot problems with Israel but the main conflict is when people try to get territory.
Syria and Israel are trying to solve political differences because they have
problems at borders of countries. There are millions of people who are really
scared about this, and those countries have a powerful armament to fight.
According to the web page El Pas they have a chemical weapons and it is very
cruel, Carla del Ponte who is member of the commission investigating says that
Syria has this kind of weapons and it is going to affect all the people. She also said
that It war has to stop, there are a lot of people who need help. Different
presidents have been talking about it and also they are trying to find a solution to
stop this war but is really difficult to help when people dont want to listen and they
only continue with this.
United Organizations are doing a lot of things to stop wars and the most
important thing is that they try to talk with all the presidents to see what the
problem. Sometimes people dont want to talk they think that they have the reason
but it is not true, people have to learn that they have to listen the negative and the
positive aspect and after that see who is the best way. Socrates said that the world
is not perfect and people will have problems all the time, in this case people find a

13

solution declaring war, he also said that when the human think yourself the
problem could begin again. Countries such as Syria and Israel have many
problems with different countries because if they want to buy something to another
country it is going to cost a lot, and that is the problem and for example if someone
think that is not the correct way to solve all problems this person are not going to
sell the products to this countries.
When some country has territorial or political problems it is really difficult, first
the president has to talk with all the people that are not according with something,
then they have to search a solution but it has to be good for all. The United States
is the most powerful country, they have a lot of money to buy weapons and also
they have a lot allied countries to be stronger if they have some problems; they
can install some armament there to attack another country. Countries have to be
careful with those things and if you know that your country has economic problems
you have to inform this and then people have to know that the country only have to
talk to solve all the problems. If a country attack with a chemical weapon can
cause irreversible problems such a mutations in children and also genetic
problems.
I think that people need to be responsible and honest, also we have to take
decisions responsibly to be a good person, and we have to think that all people
have to be respected and Im sure that they are going to respect us. Governments
are doing a lot things to avoid wars and they know that if they have problems with
another country first they have to talk and also they have to see the best for us
and the best for the country. A war is too hard, because all the country have to
defend the territory and the honor, in the las war there were too much dead people
but I think that nowadays we have a different way of thinking and people can talk

14

in order to solve all the problems. The United States has many problems with
many countries in Europe but they are trying to talk about this and we are going to
see what is going to happen.

Would drugs legalization be the accurate decision to abolish drugs

smuggling?

Legal consumption of marijuana.

Societies reaction.
Positive and negative consequences of the legalization of it.

People think that the drugs legalization could be the accurate decision to
abolish drugs smuggling but it is really difficult to know because a lot of people
worldwide are beginning to smuggling drugs and also it is going to increase if

15

some country is going to get this system. According to the web site drug-free world
there is an estimated 208 million people internationally consume illegal drugs and
it is too many people that they can be in problems, probably you have met
somebody who consume drugs every day, but according to this web site the
alcohol is also a drug and they say that it is also dangerous to consume, but in this
case we are going to talk specifically about marihuana and another kinds of drugs
that many teenagers consume every day for example weed, weed is extremely
powerful because some young people consume it when they are drinking a
cocktail.
A lot of people are searching information about marihuana on internet
nowadays, it is because some countries are legalizing some kinds of drugs such
as marihuana, and they think that they have to be inform about this process.
Parents are really scared about this because they know that it is not good for
healths children and could be dangerous to increase the index of addicted people.
Marihuana is usually rolled up in a cigarette called a joint or a nail, this paper in
which addicts are going to roll up marihuana has to be special to be used because
you has to smoke. People who have more experience also consume marihuana
with tea and also they can mix this drug with foo. A lot of people sell drugs every
day in order to create a dependency of drugs for that reason people will begin to
consume a lot and also they are going to spend a lot of money because they need
that.
But the question is if drugs legalization can be the accurate decision to abolish
drugs smuggling. The problem is: the government really wants to abolish the
drugs smuggling or the government wants to avoid the drugs consume? People
say that the main problem is not the drugs smuggling, the problem is when people

16

consume this kind of substance to feel better, but this people dont know that
marihuana is not good because they think that it is only like to drink an orange
juice. People think that the government has to talk with everybody about this in
order for people to know about all the consequence, for example in the first hour of
smoking marihuana, the risk of a heart attack could increase fivefold, people think
that could be a good idea if government talk about all of this problems, another
consequence to consume it could be when the consumer loses the ability to solve
problems.
When somebody think that drugs legalization could be a good idea has to
consider that it has negative aspects and also positive aspects. Consumers really
want the legalization because they could use and smoke marihuana, also people
could sell it and if you have the opportunity you can create your own business but
people that is not consumers dont want it because they know that more and more
people are going to enter into this world that is really difficult to scape. Consumers
will create a dependence and if they want to scape they have to go to the doctor to
solve this problem, some people has to take medicine and some people only have
to take a psychological therapy. For that reason this topic is really difficult to
explain when you kwon that it is not going to abolish drugs smuggling, and
governments only want to do this to get more votes but governments really are not
care about this big problem.
I think that drugs legalization are not going to abolish the dugs smuggling
because if the government legalize drugs more people are going to consume and
also they are going to buy a lot of drug every day. I was reading on the internet
that the problem is not the drugs smuggling, the main problem is that people
consume too much drugs nowadays such as marihuana, weed, etc. Also I had the

17

opportunity to talk with some consumers people and they told me that they really
want to quit drugs but they say that is really difficult because they have to talk with
their parents and then go to therapies. A few people want drugs legalization, but if
you ask them about all the consequence they are going to answer another thing
because they really know all the problems but they dont want to explain to us all
the consequences that marihuana or weed causes in our body.

Being global warming a current problem in the world what are governments
really doing to stop it?

Do people care about it?

Explain how it works?

Global warming is really a dangerous problem, and people can know that our
planet is contaminated when the climate is changing every day in all countries the
problem is when the earths atmosphere is overloaded with heat-trapping carbon

18

dioxide, for example there is too much pollution nowadays and it is going to
increase global warming worldwide. People think that global warming is not
important but they dont know that it is caused by too much irresponsibility,
because people have a lot of industries, and they are using petrol, plastic that
really are contaminating the planet. The 2001-2010 decade is the warmest since
1880 and people had to be careful with the sun because you can get cancer by
exposing your skin to the sun, to protect your skin you can buy sunscreen every
day.
The main problem is when people use aerosol, cars, every day, and then all
those things are going to be trash that also is dangerous our healthy, in this case
all those trash is going to contaminate the planet, so people have to be careful if
somebody is going to throw garbage because you can recycle all the garbage but
a few people dont do that because only the 50% of people recycle. If all people
were able to recycle the wold could change. Some countries like The United
States, and also Germany are responsible with the planet, because they have big
trash cans to throw garbage, with the different that you can separate plastic,
paper, organic trash and glass. Countries of South America have to learn a lot of
habits in order to help to avoid the global warming.
People who are in charge to receive all this recycle trash have to clean it in
order to create something new. For example, there is a man in Germany, this gay
works at Munich museum making glass figures, he recollects all glass bottles to
create something new such as animals, fruits, flowers, and another things, he only
needs glass bottles to create all of those things. Companies such as Coca-Cola
uses again plastic and glass bottles to sell again the product, but it is too difficult
because if you want to use again the bottle, it has to go through some steps to be

19

disinfected. There are some companies that are responsible with the environment
for example: Supermaxi has plastic bags to use again and if you think that it could
be dangerous for the environment it isnt because it is a biodegradable bag, also
pizza hut has biodegradable boxes, and Chevrolet has hybrid cars.
When the planet is too contaminated, the ozone layer is going to be weaken
and it is going to create a big hole, this hole will expand but when the sun appears
the sun rays are going to cross more easily and for that reason is that nowadays
people have to be careful with this. According to Rafael Correa, president of
Ecuador, says that in Ecuador there are many people who are going to classify
trash to see who could be helpful to use, for example, people can make souvenirs
with plastic and paper, and then they sell all of these things. A few governments
are doing something to avoid this problem, for example in Russia the government
is placing new trash cans in order to recycle bottle plastic, because they use it to
make fibres for the electronic industry. First they cut the plastic and then they have
to melt it in order to create fibres.
I think that people have to read a lot about global warming, because we have to
be creative to use all of those things that we think that are not important or that we
dont need something. Also people have to use sunscreen to protect the skin but I
think that government is not responsible for the global warming because we have
to be responsible. We can stop to use our own car and also we can stop to use
buses, according to me, the best way to go to some place it is taking a bicycle,
could be faster and you arent going to contaminate. Ecuador needs to learn some
techniques to use again plastic and glass, also could be a good idea if the
president helps to place some trash cans only to throw plastic, or only to throw

20

glass. But I think that is really difficult because people dont help to recycle, they
are not care about global warming.