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Chapter 1

Concepts of Information Systems

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Overview
Explain Information System Parts
Distinguish Software Types
Define Application Types

Identify Computer Types


Describe Different Types of Hardware

Describe Different File Types


Explain Computer Connectivity

Explain the Internet


Explain Cloud Computing
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Introduction
Notable Technology Prognostications
I think there is a world market for maybe five
computers.
Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

Computers in the future may weigh no more


than one and a half tons.
Popular Mechanics, 1949

There is no reason anyone would want a


computer in their home.
Ken Olson, President of DEC, 1977
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Introduction
Computer Use
Everywhere
Impact Virtually Everyone
Creation, Collection, Dissemination
Price/Power

Competition
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Introduction
Computer Competency
Popular Application Packages

Internet

Parts of an Information System


Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Information Systems
People
AKA End Users

Procedures
Guidelines for Hardware & Software Use

Software
Step-by-step Instructions for Computer

Hardware
Processes Data to Create Information
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Information Systems
Data
Raw, Unprocessed Facts

Connectivity
Share Information with Other Users

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

People
Most Important Part of System
Uses
Business

Education
Entertainment
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Software
AKA Program
Series of Instructions

Tells Computer What to Do

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Software
Systems Software
Operates in Background
Manages Computer Internal Resources

Operating System
Coordinates Resources
Provides User Interface (UI)
Runs Applications

Utilities
Device Drivers
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Software
Application Software
Performs Tasks for End Users
General Purpose
Specialized
Focused on Specific Occupations

Mobile
Designed for Smartphones, Tablets
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Hardware
Computer Types
Supercomputer
Most Powerful

Mainframe
Accommodates Thousands of Users

Servers
Networked Environments
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Hardware
Computer Types
PCs (Microcomputers)
Most Widely Used
Desktop
Notebook
Tablet

Handheld

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Hardware
Platform Comparison
Platform

Size

Users

Price

Microcomputer (PC)

Desk

< $3,000

Mobile

Lap / Hand

< $3,000

Game Console

Desk

1 2+

< $1,000

Embedded

Miniature

Included in Item Price

Server

Cabinet

2 1,000

$1,000 - $1,000,000

Mainframe

Room

100 1,000+

$300,000 - $1,000,000+
Sabre = 14000/s

Supercomputer

Room

100 1,000+

$1,000,000 +
Kasparov

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Hardware
Microcomputer Hardware
System Unit
Processor
Memory

Input/Output
Keyboard / Mouse
Monitor / Printer
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Hardware
Microcomputer Hardware
Secondary Storage
Hard Disk
USB

Communication
Modem

Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Data
Raw, Unprocessed Facts
Text
Numbers
Images

Sounds

Stored Electronically in Files


Used as Input for System Unit
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

Connectivity
Sharing Info with Other Computers
Wireless Revolution
Network
Communications System
Connects Two or More Computers
Internet
Web
Multimedia Interface to Internet Resources

Cloud Computing
Shift Activities from User's Computer to Internet
Computing Essentials 2015 by O'Leary

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