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Load Sharing Of Transformer

Abstract
Transformers are used at places and they provide power to the load. In due course they also make a
hefty loss in the form of transformer losses. The transformer losses are proportional to the current
flowing through it. The transformers are made for certain capacity and they pass power depending
upon the capacity.
In places where large number of individual loads are connected there is a huge concentration on the
variations of loads, Sometimes these loads increase making the transformer inability to supply the
power and thus producing a breakdown of the transformer at extreme cases.
This project produces a reliable method of transforming the load of one transformer to another if
the load of the transformer increases beyond a particular level. The whole process is done
automatically and the loads are equally distributed from within the transformers. When the load is
low such as non peak hours there is no need to switch on certain transformers there by eliminating
the losses that would otherwise occur.
The project uses a high speed PIC microcontroller and it has a whole lot of advantages over other
controllers. Its fast operating speed, RISC architecture and some features such as internal ADC
provide easy means for designing the whole system in a compact and in a cost effective manner.
As the whole process takes place automatically there is a very lesser need for human interference
and the electricity losses during the distribution can be saved on a huge scale. Further the life of the
transformer is increased considerably there by reducing the breakdowns. The project can be used in
Electricity boards and also in large industries and institutions where there is a heavy change in Load.

Existing System
1. No such system exists now
2. Produces lots of strains on the distribution network and makes load distribution a daunting
task for the load managers

Proposed System
1. Provides complete automation and no manual work is needed
2. Prevents Distribution network strain and manages loads in a better way

Block Diagram

TANSFORMER UNIT

Alarm

Indication LED

Current

ARM / PIC

RAM

LCD
Controller

Relay
Drive

Relay
Drive

Relay

Relay

Relay

Load
Device

Load
Device

Load
Device

SPI

LCD Module
LCD
Display

Relay
Drive

SPI

GPIO

UART

DAC / PWM

ROM

I2C

CLOCK

GPIO

UART

ADC

Voltage

Power
& Reset

POWER SUPPLY
Power
Adapter

Reverse
Protection

Voltage
Regulators

Power LED

Software Tools

LPCXpresso IDE / MPLAB IDE

EAGLE
Orcad
Embedded C

Hardware Required

ARM LPC11U67 / PIC18F45K22

Current Sensor
Voltage Sensor
Relay
LCD Display
Alarm