TABLE 2.

3 Table of Laplace Transforms

F(s)
1

sn

f(t)
(n)

d (t )
dt
(t)

1
s

1
s2

1
( n 1, 2, )
sn

tn 1
(n 1)!
1

s
8

s3/2

12

[ n (1 / 2 )]

( n 1, 2, )

(k )
(k
sk

10
11

nth derivative of the delta function

(t)

2n t n

(1 / 2 )

( 2n 1)

1 3 5
tk1

0)

eat

(s

1
a) 2

teat

13

1
( n 1, 2, )
( s a) n

1
t n 1e at
(n 1)!

14

(k )
(k
( s a) k

t k 1 e at

15
16
17
18
19

0)

(s

1
a)( s b)

(a b)

(s

s
a)( s b)

1
(ae at
(a b)

1
(s

a)( s b)( s c)
1

(s

a)
1

s (s

a)

1
(1 e
a
1
(e
a2

21

1
s ( s a)

1 1
a2 a

23

(s

s (s

1
a)( s b)
1
a)( s b)

1999 CRC Press LLC

be bt )

eat valid for complex a

1
s 2 ( s a)

22

e bt )

(b c) e at (c a )e bt (a b )e ct
( a b )(b c )(c a )

20

(e at

at

at

at 1)
at 2
2

1
(e
(b a )
1
1
ab

at

1
e
a
bt

1
(be
( a b)

at

)
at

ae

bt

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
24

25

26
27

28

29

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

s 2 (s
3

s (s

1
a)( s b)

1
1
(a 2 e
( ab) 2 ( a b)

1
a)( s b)

1
a3 b3
( ab) ( ab) 2 ( a b)

1
a)( s b)( s c)

(s

1
abc

s 2 (s

1
s
1
1
s 2 (s 2 a 2 )
1
a 2 )2

1
(sin at
2a 3

(s 2

s
a 2 )2

t
sin at
2a

(s

1
(sin at
2a

b2)

b2

42

s a
( s a) 2 b 2

43

1
a) 2

[( s

at

ab

1
e
b 3 ( a b )(c b )

at cos at )

at cos at )

t cos at

s
a 2 )( s 2
1
a) 2

abc( a b c)]

(a 2

b2 )

cos at
b2

2 n

b ]

1999 CRC Press LLC

cos bt
a2

1 at
e sin bt
b
eat cos bt
e
4

n 1

at

2n
r 1

2n r 1
n 1

( 2t ) r

bt

ct

1
e
c ( a c)(b c)

bt

1
e
c 2 ( a c)( b c)

1
( at sin at )
a3

(s 2

(s 2

ac bc) 2

a
e
b2

ct

at

1
(1 cos at )
a2

a2 )

s2 a2
(s 2 a 2 ) 2

1
e
b( a b )(c b )

1
e
a 2 (b a )(c a )
bt

at

1
e
(a c )(b c )

cosh at

a2

39

bt

1
sinh at
a

a2

s (s 2

1
b
e
(a b) a 2

cos at

a2

s2

at

a b

1
sin at
a

s2

) abt

1
e
( a b )(c b )

1
e
a 3 (b a )(c a )

a2

s2

at

( a b)
t
ab

1 2
t
2

1
e
a(b a )(c a )

1
[( ab
( abc) 3

1
s2

b2e

1
e
b 2 ( a b )(c b )

1
a)( s b)( s c)

s 3 (s

at

bt

ab(ct 1) ac bc
( abc) 2

1
a)( s b)( s c)

s2
(s 2 a 2 ) 2

41

1
e
(b a )(c a )

1
a)( s b)( s c)

s (s

38

40

f(t)

dr
[cos( bt )]
dt r

ct

ac bc
t
( abc) 2
bt

1 2
t
2 abc

1
c 3 ( a c)(b c)

ct

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
e

44

4 n 1 b 2n

s
[( s

a)

at

2n r 1
n 1

r 1

b ]

n 1

2b

2n r

46

4a3
s
4a 4

47
48
49

s
4a 4

e ( at ) / 2 cos

at 3
2

a4

1
(sinh at sin at )
2a 3

a4

1
(cosh at
2a 2

s
s4

( 2t ) r

3 sin

dr
[sin(bt )]
dt r

at 3
2

1
(sin at sinh at )
2a 2

1
s4

dr
[ a cos( bt ) b sin( bt )]
dt r

sin at cosh at cos at sinh at

s4

at

n 1

r 1

3a 2
s3 a3

2 n

45

( 2t ) r

50

8a 3s 2
(s
a 2 )3

51

1 s 1
s
s

cos at )

(1 + a2t2) sin at cos at

et d n n t
(t e )
n! dt n

L n (t )

[Ln(t) is the Laguerre polynomial of degree n]

52
53
54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

t ( n 1) e at
( n 1)!

1
( s a) n
1

1
[1 e
a2

a) 2

s (s

1
s 2 (s

a) 2

1
s (s
(s

s (s
s 2 (s

a) 3
1
a)( s b) 2
1
a)( s b) 2

1
1
a3

1 2 2
a t
2

(s

1
a)( s 2

a ( a b)

1
2

1999 CRC Press LLC

at

a2

at

bt

1
t
ab 2

1
a

a 2b
e
b (a b) 2

2
b

a
1

sin t

sin( t
a
2

2 (a b) b
e
b 3 (a b) 2

1
t
b 2 ( a b)
ct

1
e
( a b )(c b ) 2

at

bt

2c a b
e
(c a) 2 (c b) 2

b( a b )

at

1
2

at

1
e
(b a )(c a ) 2
2

at

[( a b ) t 1] e

1
t
(c b)(c a)

2e

at 1 e

1
2

at

at

ate

1
e
a 2 ( a b) 2

(s

at

ate

1
[ at
a3

1
ab 2

1
a)( s b) 2

1
a)( s 2

at

1
{e
(a b) 2

1
a)( s b)( s c) 2

s (s

where n is a positive integer

);

cos t

bt

tan
1
e
a

at

bt

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
1

62

1
a)( s 2

s 2 (s

1
a2

a
)

1
3

63
64
65
66

67

68
69
70

1
a) 2

[( s

1
2 2

[sin t

1
sinh at
a3

a2 )

1
(cosh at 1)
a4

1
s3

a3

s4

1
4a 4

1
e
3a 2

a4

[( s

1
a) 2

1
2

at

s a
s[( s b) 2

3
at
2

3
at
2

3 sin

cos at sinh at )

sinh t

b
2

2
bt

sin ( t

);

s 2 [( s b) 2

(a b) 2
b2

s a
(s c)[(s b) 2

(b

(a b) 2
2 2

(b

a c
(c b ) 2
2

2 tan

a b

bt

sin ( t

ct

( a b) 2
(c b) 2

2
2

bt

sin ( t

]
1

a
t
b3

b 3a
b4

c b

(c a )
c[(b c) 2

(a b) 2
(b c) 2

1
2

tan

a b

tan

1999 CRC Press LLC

a b

2 ab

[1 at ]

s a
s 2 ( s b) 3

c (b 2
s a
s ( s c)[( s b) 2

tan

tan

75

1 2
t
2a 2

e 2 cos

tan

74

tan

1
(sinh at sin at )
2a 3

73

);

t cos t ]

1
(sin at cosh at
4a 3

1
s4

at

tan

72

at

1
t
a2

a
71

cos( t

a2 )
1

s 3 (s 2

at

1
sinh at
a

a2

s 2 (s 2

1
s2

1
a 2 (a 2

b
3a b
b4

tan

ct

2
2

a b

a b 2
t
2b 2

bt

sin( t

tan

c b

2a b
t e
b3

bt

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
76

77

78

79

80

f(t)

s a
(s c)( s b) 3

a c
e
(b c) 3

a b 2
t
2( c b )

ct

(s

s2
a)( s b)( s c)

a2
e
(b a )(c a )

(s

s2
a)( s b) 2

a2
e
(b a ) 2

s2
( s a) 3

(s

(a

a2 2
t e
2
2

(a

81

s
a) 2 ( s 2

(s

84

(s

(s

s2
a )( s 2
2

85
(s

a
2

a2 )

88

s2 a
s ( s b)

a 2
t
2b

89

s2 a
s ( s b)( s c)

a
bc

90

a
s ( s b)( s c)

1999 CRC Press LLC

sin( t

);

sin( t

bt

);

tan

tan

sin( t )

at

te

4b2
2

a
t
b

bt

bt

sin( t

a b

bt

sin( t

2 tan

a (a b 2 ) e
(c 2 a)
e
c( b c)

c2 a
e
c ( b c)
2

bt

a b

a
b2

1 2
[b
b3

( b 2 a)
e
b( b c )

2b
b2

) 4b2
2
(a b) 2

2
a[(b a ) 2
] a 2 (b a )
e
2
2 2
[(b a )
]

2 2

tan

a
t
b2

(b 2

at

2 2

bt

b2 a
e
b ( c b)
2

(a 2

[( a b ) 2

b2 a
e
b2

s2

)(b 2

2b

s2 a
s ( s b)

(b 2

87

tan

(a 2

b2
( a b )(b 2

at

a2
(a b) 2

(s

t cos t )

a2
(a b) 2

s2
a) 2 [( s b) 2

sin( at )

1
(sin t
2

tan

86

at

2 2

2 2

a)[( s b) 2

tan

a2
(b a )(a 2

s2

);

(a 2
83

bt

s2
a)( s b)( s 2

(s

ct

2a

2 tan

82

c2
e
(a c )(b c )

bt

sin( t

(a

bt

at

a2
t

a c
e
(c b) 3

b 2 2 ab
e
(a b) 2

at

a2
2

b2
(a b)

a2

s2
a)( s 2

b2
e
( a b )(c b )

at

at

2 2 at

c a
t
(c b ) 2

ct

bt

ct

a
t
bc

a ( b c)
b2c2

at

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
91

s2 a
(s b)( s c)( s

92

s2 a
s( s b)( s c)( s

f(t)
b2 a
e
(c b)( d b )

d)
d)

93

b2 a
e
b( b c)( d b)

a
bcd
a
t
bcd

s
a
s 2 ( s b)( s c)( s

c2 a
e
(b c )(d c )

bt

d)

c2 a
e
c( b c)( c d )

bt

a
(bc cd
b c2d 2

94
95
96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

s2
(s

s2
(s 2

d2

2 2

b 2 ab
e
(c b ) 2

d)2

b2

a1 s a o
3
s (s b )
ao

s 2 a1 s ao
s 2 ( s b)( s c)

ao

a1 s

s2

a1 s

b2
d)

ao
d)

a1 s a o
s( s b ) 2

c)

dt

) t cos t

ao

b)

bt

bt

ao

2 bc ab
e
( b c) 2

ao 2
t
2b

ao

bcd

b(c b)( d
b2

a1 b
a1 b

ao

b2

a1 b a o
e
(c b ) 2

b3
(b c)( d

b)

a1 c a o

b)
te

c2

bt

c)
c2

bt

bt

d2

ct

b2

ao
b2

a1 b
b2

ao

a1 c a o
c3
(c b )(d

d 2 [ d 2 2 d (b c ) 3bc]
e
( b d ) 2 (c d ) 2

c)

dt

a1 d

ao

d (b d )(c d )

a1 b
b3

c2

ct

te

dt

d2

ct

2ao

bt

c)

ao

ct

bt

a1 d

(b d )(c d )

c(b c)( d

bt

ao

c 2 a1 c a o
e
c 2 (b c )

bt

a1 c a o

(b c)
e

a1 b
b3

ct

b 2 a1 b a o
e
b 2 (c b)

b2

a1 b 2 ao
b3

b2

c(c b)

ao

dt

dt

a1 c a o

(b c )(d

b2

s 2 a1 s a o
(s b)( s c) 2

c2

c2

bt

d 2 ad
te
(b d )(c d )

ct

a1 b a o
t
b2

bt

ct

a1 b a o
b2

ao

107

1999 CRC Press LLC

c2

c 2 ac
e
(b c )(d c ) 2

bt

a1 bc a o (b c )
b2c2

(c b)( d

ao
t
b2

d)2

a1 b

ao

s 2 a1 s a o
s 2 (s b ) 2

s
(s b)( s c)( s

cos t

c 2 ac
t
b c

a1 b

ao
b2

t sin t

b( b c )

bc

ao

(s b)( s c)( s

bt

ao

b2

ao
bc

s2

2
3

a1 b
b2

a1 b b
b3

106

108

(a

a
b)( d

a (bc d 2 ) d ( db dc 2 bc)
e
( b d ) 2 (c d ) 2

s ( s b)( s c)

s2

)sin t

b 2 ab
e
(c b )(d b ) 2

a1 s a o
2
s ( s b)

a1 s

(a
2

s ( s b)( s c)( s
105

d (d

t cos t

s2

104

s ( s a)
(s b)( s c)( s

(a

bt

s (s a )
(s b)( s c) 2

s2

2 2

s2
s (s

2 2

dt

ct

dt

d2 a
e
d ( b d )( d c )

ct

b2 a
e
b (b c)(b d )

db )

c2 a
e
c (c b )(c d )

d2 a
e
(b d )(c d )

ct

bt

2bc a1 b a o
e
(b c ) 2

ct

(d

d3
te
b )(c d )

dt

ct

dt

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
b3
(b c)( d b )( f

109

d3
b )(c d )( f

(d

s3
(s b)( s c)( s d )( s

f )2

f 3 [( b

s3
( s b) ( s c) 2

f )(c

b3
te
(c b) 2

f)

f ) (b f )( d f ) (c
( b f ) 2 (c f ) 2 ( d f ) 2

f )( d

f )]

d3
e
( b d ) 2 (c d ) 2
111

(s

s3
d )( s b) 2 (s c) 2

3b 2
(c b) 2 ( d
3c 2
( b c) 2 ( d
b3
(b c)(b 2

112

s3
(s b)( s c)( s 2

(b 2

(d

d )( s 2

b)

c)

c 3 (b 2 d
(b c ) 3 ( d

)
tan

115
116

s3
4

s3
4

1999 CRC Press LLC

c 2 (3b c)
e
(b c) 3

ct

)(c 2

sin( t

ct

ct

bt

tan

b
c3
(c b )(d c )(c 2

tan

te

bt

)(c 2

ct

dt

b 2 (b 2
(b 2
tan

cos( t) cosh( t)
1
2

)( d 2

tan

[cosh( t ) cos( t )]

2 2

cos( t

tan

d
2

ct

c3
te
(b c ) 2 (c d )

bt

b2
2

dt

bt

3c )
e
c) 2

c3
(c b )(c 2

bt

b3
114

c3
te
( b c) 2

bt

b3
te
(c b ) 2 ( b d )

dt

d3
b )(c d )(d 2

(b 2

s3
( s b) 2 ( s 2

f)

b 3 ( c 2 d 3b )
e
(c b ) 3 ( d b ) 2

b3
(b c)( d b )(b 2

s
(s b)( s c)( s

ft

2
2

tan

113

(f

te

f )(d

b 2 (3c b )
e
(c b) 3

bt

ct

f3

dt

c )2

b )(c

d)

3f 2
f )(c f )( d

(b

110

b)

c3
(c b )(d c )( f

bt

bt

(b 2

sin( t

ct

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
ao

117

bc

a2 s
a1 s a o
s 2 ( s b)( s c)

c3

118

bcd

s a2 s
a1 s a o
s ( s b)( s c)( s d )

a2 b 2

a1 b

b (c b)( d
d3

a2 d 2

ao

b)

a1 d

ao

119

bcd

s a2 s
a1 s a o
2
s ( s b)( s c)( s d )

c 3 a2 c 2 a1 c ao
e
c 2 (b c)( d c )
b3

120

a2 s

a1 s

(s b)( s c)( s

ao

d )( s

a2 b 2

a1 b

ao

b )( f

b)

d3

a2 d 2

a1 d

(b d )(c d )( f
b3

ao
121

a2 s

a1 s

s ( s b)( s c)( s

bcdf

ao

d )( s

b (c b )(d

f)

d3

a2 d 2

a2 s 2

(s b)( s c)( s

a1 s
d )( s

b )( f

g)

g3
(b

ao

b )( f

b)

ao

b )( g b )

a2 g 2

g)(c g)( d

d3

s 3 a 2 s 2 a1 s a o
(s b)( s c)( s d ) 2

a2 d 2

ao
d)2

d3

1999 CRC Press LLC

f)

c )( f
a1 f

ao

f )(c

f )(d

f)

dt

dt

c)

f (b

a2 c 2
c )( f

ft

ct

ft

a1 c a o
c )(g c )

ct

f 3 a 2 f 2 a1 f a o
e
( b f )(c f )(d f )(g f )

gt

c 3 a 2 c 2 a1 c ao
e
(b c)( d c ) 2
te

bt

a1 c ao

ct

dt

dc 2 bc) d 2 ( d 2 2 db 2 dc 3bc)
e
( b d ) 2 (c d ) 2

a2 d 2

a1 d a o

d( b d )(c d )
( d3

f )( d

a2 f 2

(b c )(d

b 3 a 2 b 2 a1b a o
e
b (c b)( d b ) 2

ao
bcd 2

ao

a2 c 2

c3

g)

bt

ao

ct

b c ) a1 (bc d 2 )

a2 d ( db

s 3 a 2 s 2 a1 s
s ( s b)( s c)( s

a1 d

ct

f3

bt

g)( f

(b d )(c d )
a o (2 d

124

a1 f

c (b c)( d

dt

f )(c
c3

bt

c)

a2 f 2

(b
e

a1 c ao
c )( f

f3

dt

a1 g ao

b 3 a2 b 2 a1 b a o
e
(c b)( d b ) 2

123

a2 c 2

d 3 a 2 d 2 a1 d a o
e
(b d )(c d )( f d )(g d )

ao
f )( s

a1 b

d)

(c b )(d
s3

d)

d ( b d )(c d )( f
a1 b

c)

d 3 a 2 d 2 a1 d a o
e
d 2 (b d )(c d )

ct

ao

a2 b 2

a1 c ao

c ( b c)( d

(b c)( d

a1 d

b3

122

a2 b 2

a2 c 2

b 3 a 2 b 2 a1 b a o
b 2 (c b)( d b )

c3

ao

bt

dt

bt

(c b)( d
f)

c3

bt

a o (bc bd cd )
b2c2 d 2

a1
bcd

ao

ct

d (b d )(c d )
ao

a 2 b 2 a1 b
b 2 (c b)

a2 c 2 a1 c ao
e
c 2 ( b c)

b3

ao
3

b3

a o (b c ) a1 bc
b2c2

a2 d 2

a1 d

te

dt

bt

dt

c 3 a 2c 2 a 1c a o
e
c (b c)( d c ) 2
3d 2 2 a 2 d a1
e
d (b d )(c d )

ct

dt

a o )[(b d )(c d ) d (b d ) d (c d )]
e
d 2 ( b d ) 2 (c d ) 2

dt

ft

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
b 3 a2 b 2 a1 b a o
e
(c b )(d b )( f b ) 2

125

(b

127

128

s
a) 3 / 2

(s

s b

129

s
s a2

130

s
s a2

131

132

133

134
135

a )
1
2

a )
a2

a )(b

139

b2

a t

a2t

a )( s

b)

ea

a o )[(b

f )(c

f )(d f ) (c f )(d f )]
( b f ) 2 (c f ) 2 ( d f ) 2

e d

e d

at

erf ( b a

b
erf ( a t ) 1
a

n!
(2 n)!

(1 s)
s n (1 / 2 )

(1 s) n
s n (3 / 2 )
s 2a

at

[ I1 ( at )

a s b

1999 CRC Press LLC

(1 / 2 )( a b )t

ex

dn
(e
dx n

x2

H2 n 1 ( t )
I o ( at )]

j n J n ( jt ) where J n is Bessel's function of the first kind ]

[ I n (t )
e

e b t erfc (b t )

Hermite polynomial

n!

ae

t)

H2n ( t )

(2 n 1)!

1
s

a1 f

(b

1
e
b a

a2
2

s
140

a2 f 2

H n (t )

138

( f3

ft

137

f)

e a t erfc ( a t )

a)

a) s b

s (s

a t

a 2t

136

f )(d

e a t [b a erf ( a t )] be b t erfc (b t )

s)

1
s( s
(s

f )(c

e at )

2a e

(s

te

(b

b2

ao

1 a2t
e erf ( a t )
a

s (s

a1 f

ae a t erf ( a t )

s (s

ft

a2 f 2

2 a2 f a1
e
f )(c f )(d f )

f3

ae a t erfc ( a t )

(e bt

dt

ct

e at (1 2 at )

1
s

c 3 a 2 c 2 a1 c ao
e
(b c)( d c )( f c ) 2

d 3 a 2 d 2 a1 d a o
e
( b d )(c d )( f d ) 2

s 3 a 2 s 2 a1 s a o
(s b)( s c)( s d )( s f ) 2

3f

126

bt

Io

a b
t
2

f)
e

ft

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
141

142

(s

(k )
(k
k
a) ( s b) k

(s

1
a) ( s b) 3 / 2

143

f(t)

s 2a

s
s

te

(a b) k
( s a
s b ) 2k

145

( s

147

s)

s s

s2

2v

( s2

(s 2

(k

s) k

a2

150

(s

s2

a2 )v

152

1)

(k

1)

a2

s[ s

(1 / 2 )

a v I v ( at )

s]

N
aN

a ( s2
2

a [ s2
1

159

Ik

( at )

t
2a

k (1 / 2 )

( at )
2

u2

du

N J N ( at )
;N
aN t

a2

t
o

1999 CRC Press LLC

J N ( au)
du ; N
u

1, 2, 3, , J N is the Bessel function of 1st kind, N th order

s)

1
J ( at ); J1 is the Bessel function of 1st kind, 1st order
a 1

a2

s] N

1
J ( at ) ; N
aN N

1, 2, 3, , J N is the Bessel function of 1st kind, N th order

I o ( at ) ; I o is the modified Bessel function of 1st kind, zero order

ks

1, 2, 3, , J N is the Bessel function of 1st kind, N th order

a2

158

(1 / 2 )

s] N

157

Jk

J1 (at )
; J1 is the Bessel function of 1st kind, 1 st order
at

a2
2

k (1 / 2 )

156

t
2a

J o (at ) ; Bessel function of 1st kind, zero order

1
[ s

1
at
2

Iv

a2

a b
t
2

a b
t
2

erf ( t ); erf ( y) the error function

155

Ik

I1

a b
t
2

a v J v ( at )

(k )

(1 / 2 )( at )

0)

s s 1

a b
t
2

(1 / 2 )

ka k
J ( at )
t k

0)

(v

(k

a2 )k

(1 / 2 )( a b ) t

0)

154

160

153

Io

Ik

I1 ( at )

(k )

( s2

(s 2

(v

1
a2 )k

k
e
t
1
e
av

s) v

a2
2

at

(1 / 2 )( a b ) t

Jo(at)

149

151

0)

a2

s
148

(k

146

(1 / 2 )( a b ) t

1
e
t

144

a b

1/ 2

s 2a

k (1 / 2 )

0)

Sk (t )

when 0

when t

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
0

161

e ks
s2

162

e ks
(
s

163

164

1
s (1 e

165

f(t)

t
0
(t

0)

ks

e
s

ks

1 coth 1 ks
2
2s

when t

ks

when t

when 0

when t

when

S(k , t )

( n 1) k

when nk

1
tanh ks
s

( 1) n

when 0

1 a a

M (2 k , t )
166

when 0

Sk (t )

a)

k)
( )

1
s (e

when 0

n k (n

1, 2, )

k
n 1

( n 1)k ( n 1, 2, )

when 2 k ( n 1) t

2 nk

( n 1, 2, )

167

168

169

170

171

172
173
174

1
s (1 e

when ( n 1)k

1
s sinh ks

2 S (2 k , t k ) 2

1
s cosh ks

M (2 k , t 3k ) 1 1 ( 1) n

1
coth ks
s

2 S (2 k , t ) 1 2 n 1

k
s2
(s

1
1)(1 e

1
e
s
1
s

s
2k
s

1
s

3/2

ek / s

1999 CRC Press LLC

(2 n 1) k (t

0)

t (2 n 1) k (t

0)

2 kn

when (2 n 2 )

(2 n 1)

when (2 n 1)

2n

k/s

sin t

1
1
t
1
k
1
k

cos 2 kt
cosh 2 kt
sin 2 kt
sinh 2 kt

2 kn r ;

2(n 1)

sin kt

J o (2 kt )

k/s

nk

0,1, 2, ]

when 2 k ( n 1) t

1 k/s
e
s
1
e
s3/ 2

2 k; n

when (2 n 3) k

k/s

when (2 n 3) k

coth

k2

[ H (2 k , t )

k (r k )( 1)n where t

H (2 k , t )

176

178

1 ( 1) n
2

1
2

1
tanh ks
s2

175

177

ks

1
M ( k, t )
2

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
179

1
e
s

180

1 k/s
e
(
s

181

182

k s

1
e
s

184

185

ae
s (a

3/ 2

187

190

k s

(k
(k

(k

s)

e ak e a

0)

(2 kt )
k2
4t

k2
4t

exp

k2
4t

k
2 t

k erfc
k

erfc a t

erfc

2 t

k s2 a2

(1 / 2 ) at

I o ( 12 a t 2

J o (a t 2

a2 )

k s2 a2

k2 )

k2 )

0
I o (a t 2

a2 )

k2 )

(k

a2 )

0)

J o (a t 2

ks

ak

k s2 a2

t2

k2

k s2 a2

ak

ks

t2
av e

t
k

when 0

when t

2 kt )

k )

J1 ( a t

(s 2

a2 )

s2
(v

194

1
log s
s

195

1
log s (k
sk

196

log s
(a
s a

k2

I1 ( a t

k )

when 0

when t

when 0

when t

k s2 a2
v

193

when t

0
192

when t

k ( s2 a2 s)

(s 2

2 t

when 0

when 0

0
191

k
2 t

erfc a t

a)

(s 2

exp

e ak e a

0)

(2 kt )

k
2 t

exp

t3

0)

J
1) / 2

0)

(s 2
e

t
k

1) / 2

erfc

k s

s (s

0)

s)

(k

k s

t
k

0)

k s( s a)

189

0)

(k

e k
s (a

188

0)

(k

186

k s

183

k/s

f(t)

a2

0
t
t

k
k

(1 / 2 ) v

0)

1999 CRC Press LLC

k2 )

when t

1)
(1) log t

0)

J v (a t 2

when 0

tk

(1)

( k ) log t
[ (k )]2 ( k )

e at [log a Ei ( at )]

0.5772 ]

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)
197

log s
s2 1

198

s log s
s2 1

199

1
log (1 ks) (k
s

200

log

201

1
log (1 k 2 s 2 )
s

202

1
log ( s 2
s

203

1
log ( s 2
s2

204

log

205

log

cos t Si (t ) sin t Ci ( t )
sin t Si (t ) cos t Ci (t )

s2

a 2 ) (a

k
s

Si(kt)

erfc ( ks) ( k

210

e ks erfc( ks ) (k

213

214

erf
1
s

217

0)

0)

t (t
0

1
a
2

1/ 2

when 0

when t

0)

(t

k)

1
sin (2 k t )
t

s
/s

k)

( t)

e ks erfc ( ks ) ( k

t
2k

erf

erfc ( ks )

ek

t2
4k 2

exp

erfc

se as Ei ( as)
Si ( s) cos s Ci (s)sin s

1999 CRC Press LLC

e as Ei ( as)

215
216

0)

1 k 2s2
e erfc (ks ) (k
s

at Ci (at )]

1
sin kt
t

209

2
[at log a sin at
a

2
(1 cosh at )
t

ek

212

0)

a2

208

2 log a 2Ci (at )

0)

2
(1 cos at )
t

1
k
arctan
s
s

t
k

a2

207

211

e at )

2Ci

a 2 ) (a

s2

t
k

Ei
1 bt
(e
t

arctan

0)

s a
s b

206

2 2

f(t)

2k t

; (a

0)

(t

1
; (a
a) 2
1

0)

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
0

218

Ko(ks)

219

K o (k s )

1
exp
2t

k2
4t

220

1 ks
e K1 ( ks)
s

1
k

2k )

221

s
1

222

K1 ( k s )
ek / s Ko

223

eksIo(ks)

224

ks

(t

k )

t (t

1
exp
k
2

k
s

1/ 2

when t

[t (2 k t )]

1/ 2

0
k t
k t (2 k t )

when t

2k

when 0

when t

2k

k 0

1
s sinh (as )

( 1) k u (t

2 k 1)

k 0

1
s cosh s

( 1) k u (t

u (t ) 2
k 1

227

square wave

1
as
tanh
2
s

u (t

ak )

k 0

228

1
as
1 coth
2
2s

1999 CRC Press LLC

second kind of imaginary argument]

when 0

u [t ( 2k 1) a ]

226

[ K n (t ) is Bessel function of the

k2
4t

225

K o (2 2 kt )

I1 ( ks)

when 0

stepped function

ak )

2k

2k

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)

mt

ma

u (t

ka)

k 1

229

m
s2

ma
as
coth
2s
2

saw tooth function

1

1
t
a
230

( 1) k (t

ka ) u (t

ka )

k 1

triangular wave

1
as
tanh
2
s
2

( 1) k u (t

k)

k 0

231

1
s (1 e s )

sin a t
k 0

232

half

a
(s 2

a 2 )(1 e

u t

sin a t
k 1

a
(s 2

s
coth
2a
a2 )

1
e
s

as

1999 CRC Press LLC

full wave rectification of sine wave

u (t
234

wave rectification of sine wave

sin ( at ) u (t ) 2

233

a)

u t

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
u (t

235

1
(e
s

as

bs

a) u (t

b)

a ) u (t

a)

m (t
236

m
e
s2

as

mt u (t

a)

or
237

ma
s

m
e
s2

ma

(t
238

2
e
s3

m (t

a ) u (t

a ) 2 u (t

a)

as

t 2 u (t
239

2
s3

a2
e
s

2a
s2

a)

as

mt u (t ) m (t
240

241

242

m
s2

m
s2

m
s2

a)

as

m
e
s2

a)

as

2m
e
s2

ma
s

a) u (t

as

m
e
s2

m
e
s2

1999 CRC Press LLC

as

mt

2 m (t

mt

ma

a ) u (t

a ) m (t

2 as

m (t

a ) u (t

a)

2 a ) u (t

2a )

TABLE 2.3 Table of Laplace Transforms (continued)

F(s)

f(t)
0.5 t 2 for 0

243

(1 e s ) 2
s3

1 0.5 (t

2) 2 for 0

1 for 2

0.5 t 2 for 0

0.75 (t 1.5) 2 for 1 t

0.5 (t
s

244

(1 e )
s

s ( s b)
245
1
s b

3) 2 for 2

0 for 3

(e bt

(e

ba

1)

b
e ba 1 e
s ( s b)

1) u (t ) (e bt
where K

(e ba

1) u (t

a)

Ke

b( t a)

u (t

a)

1)

as

W. H. Beyer, CRC Standard Mathematical Tables, 2nd Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1982.
R. V. Churchill, Modern Operational Mathematics in Engineering, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York,
NY, 1944.
W. Magnus, F. Oberhettinger, and F. G. Tricom, Tables of Integral Transforms, Vol. I, McGraw-Hill
Book Co., New York, NY, 1954.
P. A. McCollum and B. F. Brown, Laplace Transform Tables and Theorems, Holt Rinehart and Winston,
New York, NY, 1965.

1999 CRC Press LLC

TABLE 3.1 Properties of Fourier Transform

f (t )

Operation

F( )

f (t ) e

j t

dt

1.

Transform-direct

2.

Inverse transform

3.

Linearity

af1(t) + bf2(t)

aF1( ) + bF2( )

4.

Symmetry

F (t )

2 f( )

5.

Time shifting

6.

Scaling

7.

Frequency shifting

8.

Modulation

9.

f (t )

1
2

F( ) e j t d

f (t

F( )

to )

Time convolution

11.

Frequency convolution

12.

Autocorrelation

13.

Parseval's formula

14.

Moments formula

F(

f (t )

f (t ) cos

f (t )sin

ot

1
2
1
2j

[ F(

f (t ) h(t )

f ( ) h(t

f * (t)

mn

)d

t) d

F(

F ( n ) (0 )
where
( j)n

1
2

F ( n ) (0 )

1
2
d n F( )
d n

0,1, 2

dF( )
d
d n F( )
d n

f ( t)

F(

17.

Conjugate function

f * (t )

F *(

18.

Integral ( F(0 )

0)

19.

Integral ( F(0 )

0)

f (t ) dt

Time reversal

16.

f (t ) dt

)]

F( ) d

Frequency differentiation

F( )

15.

( jt ) n f (t )

)]

F( ) H (

F( ) F * ( )

( jt ) f (t )

F( ) H ( )

f (t ) dt

t n f (t ) dt

F(

)
o

1
F( ) H ( )
2

f( ) f *(

( j ) n F( )

f (t ) h(t )

f (t )

[ F(

dn
f (t )
dt n

Time differentiation

10.

j ot

F( )

1
F
a
a

f ( at )
e

j to

1
F( )
j
1
F( )
j

F( 0) ( )

)d

{ f ( x, y)}

{F (

F(

)}

(2 ) 2

j(x 1 y 2)

f ( x, y) e

F(

)e j(

1x

dx dy

2 y)

TABLE 3.3 Properties of Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform

F(

Rotation

f ( x, y )

Linearity

a1 f1 ( x, y) a 2 f 2 ( x, y)

a1 F1 (

Conjugation

f * ( x, y)

F *(

Separability

f1 ( x ) f 2 ( y)

F1 (

Scaling

f ( ax, by)

1
F
ab

f (x

Shifting

j ( c1 x

Modulation

Convolution

g( x , y )

Multiplication
Correlation
Inner Product

Parseval Formula

c 2 y)

yo )

G(

f ( x, y)
G(

h( x, y) f ( x, y)

h( x, y)

f ( x, y) dx dy

G(

f ( x, y)

f ( x, y) h * ( x, y) dx dy

F(

c1

)
F(

(2 ) 2
1
(2 ) 2

H(

F(

) F(

)H *(

2
c2

,
1

2
1

F(

H(

) F2 (

1
H(
(2 ) 2

2 yo )

) a2 F2 (

j ( 1xo

f ( x, y)

h( x , y )

g( x, y)
c( x, y)

xo , y

F(

) F(

) d

)d

)
,

Bracewell, Ron, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York,
NY, 1965.
Campbell, G. A., and R. M. Foster, Fourier Integrals for Practical Applications, Van Nostrand Company,
Princeton, NJ, 1948.
Champency, D. C., Fourier Transforms and Their Physical Applications, Academic Press, New York,
1973.
Howell, K., Fourier transform, in The Transforms and Application Handbook, Edited by A. D. Poularikas,
CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1996.
Papoulis, Athanasios, The Fourier Integral and Its Applications, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New
York, NY, 1962.
Walker, James S., Fourier Analysis, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 1988.

TABLE 6.1

ci fi nT

ci Fi z

ci fi nT

Ri

ci

ci Fi z

Ri

nT

f nT

kT

F z

f nT

kT

F z

f
k

k n

nT z

n
k

f nT

zk F z

kT

f nT z k

f nT

z F z

a nT f nT

Fa

f nT a

zN

f nT

zN

N
R
F

Z
nT

n f nT

nT f nT

dF z
dz
zT

dF z
dz

Fz
f nT

F z

h nT

H z

f nT

h nT

f nT

nT

F z H z

F z

R R

F z

n k T k f nT

f nT
f

nT

Tz

F z
F z

d
dz
z

nT

R
z

f nT

aT

TABLE 6.1

f nT

F z

Rf

h nT

H z

Rh

Z f nT h nT

F z

Rf

h nT

H z

Rh

f nT

h nT

dz
z

F z H z

f mT h mT

nT

f nT

h nT

R f Rh

f nT a

a
a

ao

F za

f nT a

ao

F za

f nT a da

F z a da

ao

II

ao

f nT

Fz

f nT z

II

f n

z
Rh

R f Rh R f

f nT

f nT h nT

Fz

f n z
n

TABLE 6.2

II

j o nT

f nT

Gz

Fe

z ej T

Fz

II

II

f nT

F z

II

h nT

H z

f nT h nT

Gz

R
z

II

f nT

F z

II

h nT

H z

f nT h nT

dz
z

F z H z
C

f nT

II

nT

F z

F z

R
z

z
h

Fz

ak

a
z

zn
z a

k
ak

a
z

Fz
z

TABLE 6.3

z
Rh

II

k
ak

ak

z
Rh

Fz

TABLE 6.3
Fz
z
z
z

ak

a
z

a
z

zn
z a

Fi z
Fi z

z
a

az
z a

TABLE 6.5

zm

Bz
Az

zm

ar z n

Az
r

k
ak

ak

Fi z
z

z z a
z a

In

ak

Fi z

TABLE 6.4

z z

m z

dz

Rc

ak

ak

ka k

ka k

Rc
k

k ak

k ak

k ak

k ak

nr x n

TABLE 6.6

nr x n
n

x
x
x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

x
x

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n
f n z

f n n
un

e
n

z
z

z
e
z

z
z z
z

z
n

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n

f n z
f n n

z z

z
z

z z

z
z z

z
k

nk
z
z

un k
n

f n

nn

nn

n k

nn

n k

n k

fn

nn

z
z

z
k

F
n

n k fn

nf n
n f n

dk
F z
dz k

zk

zF

fn
k

z F

z F

n k
k
cn
n

ec

k
k n n

az

c
zk

zk
z c

cn

c
z

k
fn

f n

zF
z

cn ak

dk
F z
dz k

c
n

zF

n f n

c
n

d
dz

nk f n nk
k

nn

Fe z

Dk

z F

zF

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n
f n z

f n n
cn
n

c
z

z
z z

z
z
z z

z
z

z
z

z
n

e
n

e
z

n
n

z
n

n
n

z
k

n k
k

e
z

( ) ( n p )/
n p
n
!

an
n
n

a n Pn x
a n Tn x

an

mk

mk

zk b
zk
z

z
x

x
r

Ln x
r

d
dx

Jp z
n

bn

n k

z
z

xaz
z z

z
z

ax
xaz a
x z

z
n

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n

f n z
f n n
n

Hn x
n

n k

k n

a n Pnm x

an

Lmn x
n

d
dx

Ln x
n

F z
F z

x
m

xn
k

d
dx

x z

Pn x

m
zm
m z

F z

x z

G z
Gz

x m am
xaz a m

F z
Gz

Gz

mm

zm e

m n

k zk

n
n
n
n

z
z

f k gn

F z Gz

k
n

k f k gn

z Gz F

k
n

k f k gn

z Gz

k
n

z
z

z
z

n k

n k

n k
m

z
z

k zk

k z
e

z k em
z e m

n k

n
n

n
z

z
z z

a
z

a
z

dF z
dz

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n
f n z

f n n
an

an

z z e
ze

an

ze
z

nn

n k v
k

a
a e

ze

a
a e

n v

f n
n

z z
z e

k
k

p F p dp

fn

F p dp
z

z z
z

a
z

a
n

ne
n

fn

f n
n h

z
z e

z
z

fn

k
zh

z
z
p

na n

a z
a

a z
a

na n
an

n
n k
n

a z
z

dk
F z
dz k
h

F p dp

f n
n

z
n

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n

f n z
f n n
n

an

a z
a

e xz J

n
n

Pnm

Pn x
Pn m x

x z
e xz J m

x z

z
n
n

an

n
z

c
n

cn
n

n
n

cz z

n cn

cz c
c

dF z c
dz

nk cn
n

n
nk f n

an

z
a z

z
z

k k

n
k
k

n k
k

an

nk f n

k
k

n
z

bn

z a
z a

na n

bn

z a
z a

na n

na n
n
n

za
a

z a
b
z a

z a

z a
b

b z a
z a
b
z

a
z

nk

F z

d
F z F z
dz

cz z c
z c

n cn

a z

a
z
a

z
a
z

TABLE 6.7

F z

f n

f n z
f n n

a
a

z
z

a
z

a
an

z
a

z
z

az

a
z

az
az

a
a

n
a

z z

an

Qn x

ex z
ze z

Bn x

Wn x
n
m

n
z

Bn x

xz
z

m
x

The Transforms and Applications Handbook

Signals and Linear Systems

Discrete-Time Systems
Theory and Application of the Z-Transform Method
Transforms and Applications Handbook
Signals and Systems
Introduction to Discrete-Time Signal Processing
Z-Transform Theory and Applications

z
n

z
xz

m
m

z
z

m
m