Extruder.

cpp

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http://www.getcodesamples.com/src/149C1734/FAD1CAF7

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////
////
////
////
////
////

THIS CODE AND INFORMATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF

ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

#include "pch.h"
#include "Extruder.h"
using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
static const float FlatteningTolerance = 0.1f;
void Extruder::ExtrudeGeometry(ID2D1Geometry* pGeometry, float height, std::vector<SimpleVertex>* vertices
{
//
// The basic idea here is to generate the side faces by walking the
// geometry and constructing quads, and use ID2D1Geometry::Tessellate
// to generate the front and back faces.
//
// Flatten our geometry first so we don't have to worry about stitching
// together seams of Beziers.
ComPtr<ID2D1Geometry> pFlattenedGeometry;
D2DFlatten(pGeometry, FlatteningTolerance, &pFlattenedGeometry);
// D2DOutline will remove any self-intersections. This is important to
// ensure that the tessellator doesn't introduce new vertices (which
// can cause T-junctions).
ComPtr<ID2D1Geometry> pOutlinedGeometry;
D2DOutline(pFlattenedGeometry.Get(), &pOutlinedGeometry);
ComPtr<ID2D1Geometry> pSnappedGeometry;
PointSnapper::SnapGeometry(pOutlinedGeometry.Get(), &pSnappedGeometry);
ComPtr<ExtrudingSink> helper;
ExtrudingSink::CreateExtrudingSink(height, vertices, &helper);
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pSnappedGeometry->Tessellate(nullptr, helper.Get())
);
// Simplify is a convenient API for extracting the data out of a geometry.
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pOutlinedGeometry->Simplify(
D2D1_GEOMETRY_SIMPLIFICATION_OPTION_LINES,
nullptr, // world transform
helper.Get()
)
);
// This Close() call is a little ambiguous, since it refers both to the
// ID2D1TessellationSink and to the ID2D1SimplifiedGeometrySink.
// Thankfully, it really doesn't matter with our ExtrudingSink.
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
helper->Close()
);
}
// Helper function for performing "flattening" -- transforming
// a geometry with Beziers into one containing only line segments.
void Extruder::D2DFlatten(ID2D1Geometry* pGeometry, float flatteningTolerance, ID2D1Geometry** ppGeometry)
{
ComPtr<ID2D1Factory> pFactory;
pGeometry->GetFactory(&pFactory);
ComPtr<ID2D1PathGeometry> pPathGeometry;
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pFactory->CreatePathGeometry(&pPathGeometry)
);
ComPtr<ID2D1GeometrySink> pSink;
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pPathGeometry->Open(&pSink)
);
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pGeometry->Simplify(
D2D1_GEOMETRY_SIMPLIFICATION_OPTION_LINES,
nullptr, // world transform
flatteningTolerance,
pSink.Get()
)
);
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pSink->Close()
);
*ppGeometry = pPathGeometry.Get();
(*ppGeometry)->AddRef();
}
// Helper function for performing "outlining" -- constructing an
// equivalent geometry with no self-intersections. Note: This
// uses the default flattening tolerance and hence should not be

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http://www.getcodesamples.com/src/149C1734/FAD1CAF7
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}
// Helper function for performing "outlining" -- constructing an
// equivalent geometry with no self-intersections. Note: This
// uses the default flattening tolerance and hence should not be
// used with very small geometries.
void Extruder::D2DOutline(ID2D1Geometry* pGeometry, ID2D1Geometry** ppGeometry)
{
ComPtr<ID2D1Factory> pFactory;
pGeometry->GetFactory(&pFactory);
ComPtr<ID2D1PathGeometry> pPathGeometry;
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pFactory->CreatePathGeometry(&pPathGeometry)
);
ComPtr<ID2D1GeometrySink> pSink;
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pPathGeometry->Open(&pSink)
);
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pGeometry->Outline(nullptr, pSink.Get())
);
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
pSink->Close()
);
*ppGeometry = pPathGeometry.Get();
(*ppGeometry)->AddRef();
}
// Internal sink used to implement Extruder.
// Note: This class makes certain assumptions about its usage
// (e.g. no Beziers), which is why it's a private class.
// Note 2: Both ID2D1SimplifiedGeometrySink and
// ID2D1TessellationSink define a Close() method, which is
// bending the rules a bit. This is another reason why we are
// significantly limiting its usage.
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::CreateExtrudingSink(
float height,
_In_ std::vector<SimpleVertex>* pVertices,
_Outptr_ ExtrudingSink** ppExtrudingSink
)
{
*ppExtrudingSink = new ExtrudingSink(height, pVertices);
(*ppExtrudingSink)->AddRef();
}
Extruder::ExtrudingSink::ExtrudingSink(float height, _In_ std::vector<SimpleVertex>* pVertices) :
m_height(height),
m_vertices(pVertices),
m_ref(0)
{
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::AddBeziers(const D2D1_BEZIER_SEGMENT* /*beziers*/, UINT /*beziersCount*/
{
//
// ExtrudingSink only handles line segments. Users should flatten
// their geometry prior to passing through an ExtrudingSink.
//
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::AddLines(const D2D1_POINT_2F* points, UINT pointsCount)
{
for (UINT i = 0; i < pointsCount; ++i)
{
Vertex2D v;
v.pt = float2(points[i].x, points[i].y);
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
if

Take care to ignore degenerate segments, as we will be

unable to compute proper normals for them.
Note: This doesn't handle near-degenerate segments, which
should probably also be removed. The one complication here
is that the segments should be removed from both the outline
and the front/back tessellations.
((m_figureVertices.size() == 0) ||
(v.pt.x != m_figureVertices.back().pt.x) ||
(v.pt.y != m_figureVertices.back().pt.y)
)

{
m_figureVertices.push_back(v);
}
}
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::BeginFigure(D2D1_POINT_2F startPoint, D2D1_FIGURE_BEGIN /*figureBegin*/
{
m_figureVertices.clear();
Vertex2D v = {
float2(startPoint.x, startPoint.y),

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{
m_figureVertices.clear();
Vertex2D v = {
float2(startPoint.x, startPoint.y),
float2(0, 0), // dummy
float2(0, 0), // dummy
float2(0, 0) // dummy
};
m_figureVertices.push_back(v);
}
HRESULT Extruder::ExtrudingSink::Close()
{
return S_OK;
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::EndFigure(D2D1_FIGURE_END /*figureEnd*/)
{
float2 front = m_figureVertices.front().pt;
float2 back = m_figureVertices.back().pt;
if (front.x == back.x && front.y == back.y)
{
m_figureVertices.pop_back();
}
// If we only have one vertex, then there is nothing to draw!
if (m_figureVertices.size() > 1)
{
//
// We construct the triangles corresponding to the sides of
// the extruded object in 3 steps:
//
//
// Step 1:
//
// Snap vertices and calculate normals.
//
//
// Note: it is important that we compute normals *before*
// snapping the vertices, otherwise, the normals will become
// discretized, which will manifest itself as faceting.
//
for (UINT i = 0; i < m_figureVertices.size(); ++i)
{
m_figureVertices[i].norm = GetNormal(i);
m_figureVertices[i].pt = PointSnapper::SnapPoint(m_figureVertices[i].pt);
}
//
// Step 2:
//
// Interpolate normals as appropriate.
//
for (UINT i = 0; i < m_figureVertices.size(); ++i)
{
UINT h = static_cast<UINT>((i+m_figureVertices.size()-1)%m_figureVertices.size());
float2 n1 =
float2 n2 =
//
//
//
//
//
if
{

m_figureVertices[h].norm;
m_figureVertices[i].norm;

Take a dot-product to determine if the angle between

the normals is small. If it is, then average them so we
get a smooth transition from one face to the next.
((n1.x * n2.x + n1.y * n2.y) > 0.5f)
float2 sum = m_figureVertices[i].norm + m_figureVertices[h].norm;

m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm1 = m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm2 = Normalize(sum);

}
else
{
m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm1 = m_figureVertices[h].norm;
m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm2 = m_figureVertices[i].norm;
}
}
//
// Step 3:
//
// Output the triangles.
//
// interpNorm1 == end normal of previous segment
// interpNorm2 == begin normal of next segment
for (UINT i = 0; i < m_figureVertices.size(); ++i)
{
UINT j = (i+1) % m_figureVertices.size();
float2 pt = m_figureVertices[i].pt;
float2 nextPt = m_figureVertices[j].pt;
float2 ptNorm3 = m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm2;
float2 nextPtNorm2 = m_figureVertices[j].interpNorm1;

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float2 pt = m_figureVertices[i].pt;
float2 nextPt = m_figureVertices[j].pt;
float2 ptNorm3 = m_figureVertices[i].interpNorm2;
float2 nextPtNorm2 = m_figureVertices[j].interpNorm1;
//
// These 6 vertices define two adjacent triangles that
// together form a quad.
//
SimpleVertex newVertices[6] =
{
{float3(pt.x, pt.y, m_height/2), float3(ptNorm3.x, ptNorm3.y, 0.0f)},
{float3(pt.x, pt.y, -m_height/2), float3(ptNorm3.x, ptNorm3.y, 0.0f)},
{float3(nextPt.x, nextPt.y, -m_height/2), float3(nextPtNorm2.x, nextPtNorm2.y, 0.0f)},
{float3(nextPt.x, nextPt.y, -m_height/2), float3(nextPtNorm2.x, nextPtNorm2.y, 0.0f)},
{float3(nextPt.x, nextPt.y, m_height/2), float3(nextPtNorm2.x, nextPtNorm2.y, 0.0f)},
{float3(pt.x, pt.y, m_height/2), float3(ptNorm3.x, ptNorm3.y, 0.0f)},
};
for (UINT n = 0; n < ARRAYSIZE(newVertices); ++n)
{
m_vertices->push_back(newVertices[n]);
}
}
}
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::SetFillMode(D2D1_FILL_MODE /*fillMode*/)
{
// Do nothing
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::SetSegmentFlags(D2D1_PATH_SEGMENT /*vertexFlags*/)
{
// Do nothing
}
void Extruder::ExtrudingSink::AddTriangles(const D2D1_TRIANGLE* triangles, UINT trianglesCount)
{
//
// These triangles reprent the front and back faces of the extrusion.
//
for (UINT i = 0; i < trianglesCount; ++i)
{
D2D1_TRIANGLE tri = triangles[i];
D2D1_POINT_2F d1 = {tri.point2.x - tri.point1.x, tri.point2.y - tri.point1.y};
D2D1_POINT_2F d2 = {tri.point3.x - tri.point2.x, tri.point3.y - tri.point2.y};
tri.point1 = PointSnapper::SnapPoint(tri.point1);
tri.point2 = PointSnapper::SnapPoint(tri.point2);
tri.point3 = PointSnapper::SnapPoint(tri.point3);
//
// Currently, Tessellate does not guarantee the orientation
// of the triangles it produces, so we must check here.
//
float cross = d1.x * d2.y - d1.y*d2.x;
if (cross < 0)
{
D2D1_POINT_2F tmp = tri.point1;
tri.point1 = tri.point2;
tri.point2 = tmp;
}
SimpleVertex newVertices[] =
{
{float3(tri.point1.x, tri.point1.y, m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)},
{float3(tri.point2.x, tri.point2.y, m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)},
{float3(tri.point3.x, tri.point3.y, m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)},
//
// Note: these points
// face should be the
//
{float3(tri.point2.x,
{float3(tri.point1.x,
{float3(tri.point3.x,

are listed in a different order since the orientation of the back

opposite of the front face.
tri.point2.y, -m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)},
tri.point1.y, -m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)},
tri.point3.y, -m_height/2), float3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f)},

};
for (UINT i = 0; i < ARRAYSIZE(newVertices); ++i)
{
m_vertices->push_back(newVertices[i]);
}
}
}
float2 Extruder::ExtrudingSink::GetNormal(uint32 i)
{
uint32 j = (i+1) % m_figureVertices.size();
float2 pti = m_figureVertices[i].pt;
float2 ptj = m_figureVertices[j].pt;
float2 vecij = ptj - pti;

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float2 pti = m_figureVertices[i].pt;

float2 ptj = m_figureVertices[j].pt;
float2 vecij = ptj - pti;
return Normalize(float2(vecij.y, vecij.x));
}
float2 Extruder::ExtrudingSink::Normalize(float2 pt)
{
return pt / sqrtf(pt.x*pt.x+pt.y*pt.y);
}
//
// IUnknown methods
//
// These use a basic, non-thread-safe implementation of the
// standard reference-counting logic.
//
HRESULT Extruder::ExtrudingSink::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, _Outptr_ void** object)
{
*object = nullptr;
return E_NOTIMPL;
}
ULONG Extruder::ExtrudingSink::AddRef()
{
m_ref++;
return m_ref;
}
ULONG Extruder::ExtrudingSink::Release()
{
m_ref--;
if (m_ref == 0)
{
delete this;
return 0;
}
return m_ref;
}

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