954/2 1 Confidential

May 2010
MATHEMATICS S/T PAPER 2 Sum of angles in ∆ XYZ,
ANSWER SCHEME ∠XZY + ∠BYC + ∠ ZXY = 180o
∠XZY + 90o = 180o (Substitute (V))
1. Express 5 sin θ + 5 cos θ in the form r cos (θ – α) where ∠XZY = 90o A1[6]
r > 0 and 0 < α < 90o . Hence solve the equation Total (6)
5 sin θ + 5 cos θ = 1 for 0o < θ < 360o . [6]
SETARA 2008  4 1
3. If the angle between the vectors a =   and b =   is
Answer: 8  p
5 sin θ + 5 cos θ = r cos (θ – α) 135o, find the value of p. [6] STPM06Q2
= r (cosθ cos α + sin θ sin α) B1 Answer (3):
= r sin α sin θ + r cos α cosθ  4 1
r sin α = 5 …….(1) a • b =   •   = (4)(1) + (8)( p)= 4 +8 p. B1
r cos α = 5 …….(2) M1 8  p
r sin α 5 |a|= 4 2 + 8 2 = 80
=
tan α = 1 M1
r cos α 5
α = 45o | b| =12 + p 2 B1

From (1) : r sin 45o = 5
r = 5 2 Formula : a • b = | a || b| cos θ

5 sin θ + 5 cos θ = 5 2 cos (θ – 45o) A1 4 +8 p = 80 12 + p 2 cos 135o M1

5 sin θ + 5 cos θ = 1
80 12 + p 2 cos 135o ]2
[4 +8 p]2 = [ M1

5 2 cos (θ – 45o) =1 1
16 + 64p +64 p2 = (80) (1+ p2) ( )
1 2
cos (θ – 45o) = 16 + 64p +64 p2 = 40 + 40 p2
5 2 24 p2 + 64 p – 24 = 0 A1
θ – 45o = 81.87o , 278.13o M1 3 p2 + 8 p – 3 = 0
θ = 126.87o ,323.13o A1[6] (3 p –1) (p +3)=0
Total (6) 1
p= ,p=– 3
2. Points A and B are located on the side XY of triangle 3
XYZ, with XA=AB=BY. Points C and D are on the sides The correct answer p = – 3 A1[6]
YZ and XZ respectively such that ABCD is a rhombus. Total (6)
Prove that ∠XZY = 90o. Z [6]
STPM 2002 Q2 4.
A boat is travelling at a speed of 30 knots. A yacht is
D C sailing northwards at a speed of 10 knots. At 1300 hours,
Answer (2) : the boat is 14 nautical miles to the north-east of the yacht.
(a) Determine the direction in which the boat should
be travelling in order to intercept the yacht. [4]
X Y
(b) At what time does the interception occur? [5]
A B STPM 2009 Q3
Answer (4) :
Given XA=AB=BY and AB=BC=CD=AD (rhombus) Boat Yacht Velocity Boat relative to
So XA=AD , ∆ XAD is an isosceles triangle and vB vY yacht v BY
∠ ZXY = ∠XDA ………(I) M1 ~ ~ ~

∠DAY = 2 ∠ ZXY …….(II) M1 30 knots 10 knots

(external angle of a triangle =sum of 2 non-adjacent due N to NE
interior angles)
∠ CBY=∠ DAY ………(III)
(a pair corresponding angle, AD // BC)
M1
v B = 30
∆ BCY is an isosceles triangle, BC=BY and ~ θ
∠BCY = ∠BYC ……….(IV) M1 D1
vY = 10 45 o v BY
Sum of angles in ∆ BCY ~
~
∠BCY + ∠BYC + ∠CBY = 180o
∠BYC + ∠BYC + ∠DAY = 180o (Substitute (IV), (III))
2 ∠BYC + 2 ∠ ZXY = 180o (Substitute (II))
∠BYC + ∠ ZXY = 90o ………..(V) M1
954/2 2 Confidential
May 2010

45º
vY
~

10 ∠ATC=2∠ABC (angle at centre is twice angle at circumference)

Y vB
~
reflex ∠ATC = 2 ∠ APC (angle at centre is twice angle at
vB
θ 30 ~ circumference) B1

∠ATC + reflex ∠ATC = 360o (angle at a point)

sin θ sin 45° 2∠ABC + 2∠APC = 360o
= M1 B1
10 30 2(∠ABC + ∠APC) = 2(180o )
θ = 13.63º or 13° 38’ A1 ∠ABC + ∠APC = 180o
Sum of two opposite interior angles of a cyclic quadrilateral equals
Direction = 45 o+ 13.63º = S58.63º 180o. B1 [3]
Direction is towards S58.6ºW or S58.63ºW or S58º38’W
or 238.63° or 239° A1 [4] (i) Let ∠ APR = α
∠ ABR = 180o – α (opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral)
(b) angle between vB and vY = 180° − 13.63º − 45° M1 ∠ AQS = ∠ ABR (exterior angle of cyclic quadrilateral) B1
= 121.37 o = 180o – α
∠ APR + ∠AQS = α + (180o – α) B1
| v BY | = 102 + 302 − 2(10)(30) cos121.37° or using sine = 180o
~ Therefore RP is parallel to SQ (supplementary angles) B1[3]
rule M1
= 36.22 sine rule or 36.23 cosine rule A1 (ii) ∠ OAT = ∠ TRB (angles in the same segment) B1
∠ OTA = ∠ BTR (vertically opposite angles) B1
14 ∠ AOT = ∠ RBT (sum of angles of a triangle = 180o) B1
t= M1 (angles in the same segment)
36.22
= 23 min 11 sec Therefore Δ AOT and Δ BRT are similar B1[4]
time of the interception occur = 1323 or 1.23pm A1[9] Total = (10)
Total = (9)
x
6. Show that cosec x + cot x = cot . [3]
5. Prove that sum of two opposite interior angles of a cyclic 2
quadrilateral equals 180o. [3] Hence , (i) Find the exact values of tan 15o and tan 67.5o
in the simplest surd form. [6]
50
π  π 
(ii) Find ∑ cos ec 2
k =1
k 

in the form cot   where c
c
is an integer to be determined. [5]
SETARA 2008
Answer :
1 cos x
cosec x + cot x = +
sin x sin x
1 + cos x
In the above diagram, two circles PAOBR and AQSB intersect at =
A and B and O is the centre of the circle AQSB. The lines AB and sin x
OR intersect at T. x
1 + (2 cos 2 − 1)
(i) Show that RP is parallel to SQ. [3] 2
(ii) Show that triangles AOT and BRT are similar. [4] = M1
x x
SETARA 2008 2 sin cos
2 2
x x
2 cos 2 cos
= 2 = 2 M1
x x x
2 sin cos sin
2 2 2
x
= cot A1[3]
2
954/2 3 Confidential
May 2010

30 o 7. There are 12 towels, two of which are red. If five towels

Substitute x=30o : cosec 30o + cot 30o = cot M1 are chosen at random, find the probability that at least one
2 is red. STPM 2008 Q7 [4]
1 1 Answer (7):
+ = cot 15o
sin 30 tan 30 o
o P( at least one is red )
1 1 1
10
C 4 × 2 C1 10
C3 × 2C2
+ = = 12
+ 12
B1M1M1
o
sin 30 tan 30 o
tan 15 o C5 C5

1 15
2+ 3 = = 0.682 or 0.6818 or A1[4]
tan 15 o 22
Total =(4)
o 1 2− 3
tan 15 = = M1
2+ 3 (2 + 3 ) (2 − 3 )
8. It is known that 5% of the durians produced at an orchard
o 2− 3 do not bear fleshy fruit. 50 durian fruits are selected
tan 15 = =2– 3 A1 randomly. By using a suitable approximation, calculate
(2 2 − ( 3 ) 2 ) the probability that at least 3 do not bear fleshy fruit. [4]
Substitute x=135o
o 135 o o
Answer (8):
cosec 135 + cot 135 = cot M1 X = number of durians produced at an orchard that do not
2 bear fleshy fruit
1 X~ B(50 , 0.05)
2 – 1 = cot (67 o) Mean = np = 50 x 0.05 = 2.5
2
Suitable approximation is Poisson distribution with µ = 2.5 B1
1o 1 X ~ Po (2.5)
tan(67 )= = 2 +1 M1A1 [6]
2 2 −1 P(X ≥ 3) = 1 – P(X < 3) B1
= 1 – [ P(X=0)+ P(X=1) + P(X=2) ]
x
Using cosec x + cot x = cot e −2.5 (2.5) 0 e −2.5 (2.5)1 e −2.5 (2.5) 2
2 =1–[ + + ] M1
π 0! 1! 2!
π π k = 1 – [0.08208+0.20521+0.25652]
cosec + cot = cot 2
2 k
2 k
2 = 0.45619 = 0.4562 or 0.456 A1[4]
π π π Total =(4)
cosec + cot = cot 9. In a basket of mangoes and papayas, 70% of mangoes and
2k 2k 2 k +1
π π π 60% of papayas are ripe. If 40% of the fruits in the basket
cosec = cot − cot M1 are mangoes,
2k 2 k +1 2k
(a)find the percentage of the fruits which are ripe, [3]
(b)find the percentage of the ripe fruits which are
50
 π  50  π π 
∴ ∑ cos ec 2
k =1
k 
= ∑ cot k +1 − cot k 
 k =1  2 2 
mangoes.
Answer (9):STPM 2008 Q9
[4]

π π
= [cot 2
− cot ]+ M1
2 21
π π
P(R|M)=0.7 R P(M∩R)=0.28
[cot 3
− cot 2
]+ A
2 2
……………….
P(M)=0.4 P(R’|M)=0.3 R’ P(M∩R’)=0.12
π π
[cot 50 − cot 49 ]+
2 2
π π
[cot − cot ] M1
251 250 P(Y)=0.6 P(R|Y)=0.6 R P(Y∩R)=0.36
π π
= cot 51
− cot 1
A1 A’
2 2 P(R’|Y)=0.4 R’P(Y∩R’)=0.24
π
= cot A1[5]
251
where c=251 Total =(14) (i) the percentage of the fruits which are ripe
= P(M∩R)+ P(Y∩R)
= (0.4 × 0.7) + (0.6 × 0.6) B1M1
= 0.64 Percentage of ripe fruits is 64% A1 [3]
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May 2010
P( R ∩ M ) 11. The pulse rates, in beats per minute, of a random sample of 21
P(MR) = B1 small animals are shown below.
P ( R)
104 108 109 112 113 115
0.40(0.70) 117 120 120 124 125 128
= B1M1
0.40(0.70) + 0.60(0.60) 129 132 134 138 139 145
148 149 175
= 0.4375 (i) Draw a stem-and-leaf diagram to represent the data. [2]
Percentage = 43.75% A1[4] (ii) Find the median and the semi interquartile range. [4]
Total=(7) (iii) Draw a box-and-whisker plot. [3]
(i) The pulse rates, in beats per minute, of 21 small animals
10. An unbiased cubical die has the number 1 on three faces, 10 4 8 9
the number 2 on two faces and the number 3 on one face. 11 2 3 5 7
The die is rolled twice and X is the total score. Find the 12 0 0 4 5 8 9
10 13 2 4 8 9
probability distribution of X. [2] Show that E(X)= 14 5 8 9
3 15
10 16
and Var(X)= . [6]
9 17 5 B1
Answer (10): Key : 10 | 4 means 104 beats per minute B1
3 4 4 4 5 5 6
2 3 3 3 4 4 5 (ii) Median
2 3 3 3 4 4 5 1
r=( )(21)=10.5 , So Median = x11 = 125 B1
1 2 2 2 3 3 4 2
1 2 2 2 3 3 4 First quartile
1 2 2 2 3 3 4 1
1 1 1 2 2 3 r=( )(21)=5.25, So Q1 = x6 = 115
4
M1 Third quartile
Probability distribution 3
x 2 3 4 5 6 Total r=( )(21)=15.75, So Q3 = x16 = 138 B1
P(X=x) 9 = 1 12 = 1 10 = 5 4 1 1 1 4
= 1 1
36 4 36 3 36 18 36 9 36
Semi interquartile range = (Q3 – Q1 ) = (138–115) M1
A1[2] 2 2
or = 11.5 A1[4]
x 2 3 4 5 6 Total
P(X=x) 9 = 1 12 1 10 5 4 1 1 1 (iii) 1.5(Q3 – Q1 )= 1.5 (138–115)= 34.5
= = = Lower boundary = 115 – 34.5 = 80.5
36 4 36 3 36 18 36 9 36
Upper boundary = 138 + 34.5 = 172.5
Any value ∉ [80.5, 172.5] is an outlier.
E(X) = ∑[x. P(X=x)] So 175 is an outlier.
9 12 10 4 1
= 2( )+3( )+4( )+5( )+6( ) M1
36 36 36 36 36
10
o
= A1
3 104 115 125 138 149 175
E(X2 ) = ∑[x2 . P(X=x)]
9 12 10 4 1 B1B1B1 [3]
= 2 2( )+32( )+42( )+52( )+62( ) M1 Total = (9)
36 36 36 36 36
110
= A1
9
2 2
Var(X) = E(X ) – [E(X)]
110
= – [ 10 ]2 M1
9 3
10
= A1[6]
9
Total = (8)
954/2 5 Confidential
May 2010

x−a
12. The table below shows the length of 200 fish of a certain (iii) Using the coding formula u = , a= 46.5 , b=5
type of tropical fish that are randomly selected in a study b
carried out at a fresh-water rearing centre. Midpoint f x − 46.5 fu fu2
x u=
Length of fish (x mm) Frequency
5
14.5 0 −6.4 0 0
0 < x ≤29 0
31.5 8 −3 −24 72
29< x ≤34 8
36.5 19 −2 −38 76
34< x ≤39 19
41.5 42 −1 −42 42
39< x ≤44 42
46.5 69 0 0 0
44< x ≤49 69
51.5 34 1 34 34
49< x ≤54 34
56.5 23 2 46 92
54< x ≤59 23
61.5 5 3 15 45
59< x ≤64 5
(i) Plot a histogram for the above data, and draw the frequency ∑ 200 −9 361
polygon on the histogram. State the shape of the distribution of M1 all values of u correct
the data above. [5] M1 value for total of fu
(ii) Calculate the approximate median length of the fish. [3] M1 value for total of fu2
(iii) By using the method of coding , taking 46.5 mm as the
assumed mean and 5 as the scaling factor, find the mean and u=
∑ fu = −9 B1
the standard deviation of the length of the fish correct to 2 ∑ f 200
decimal places. [7]
Su =
∑ fu 2
− (u ) 2 =
361
−(
−9 2
) =1.3427 B1
∑f 200 200

80  −9 
Mean, x = a +b u = 46.5 + 5   = 46.275
 200 
70 x = 46.28 mm (2d.p) A1 (exact)
Stdard deviation, S x =b Su
60 =5(1.3427) = 6.71mm A1[7] (exact)
Total(15)
50
Frequency

40

30

20

10

0
0-4 4-9 9- 14- 19- 24- 29- 34- 39- 44- 49- 54- 59- 64-
14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64 69

Length of fish (x mm)

G1 G1 G1 G1
The distribution is skewed to the left ( i.e. negatively skewed )
A1 [5]

c 1
(ii) Median = LB + [ N−FB]
fM 2
5 1
= 44 + [ (200) − 69] B1 for the correct value i.e. 44,
69 2
M1 formula substitute correct
= 46.25 mm A1 [3]