FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA CAWANGAN JOHOR

KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG
LABORATORY MANUAL
COURSE

BUILDING SERVICES

COURSE CODE

ECM346

LEVEL OF OPENNESS

CATEGORY

TRADITIONAL

DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%)

66

PERIOD OF ACTIVITY

1 WEEK

TITLE

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM AIR COOLED SYSTEM

1.1 Introduction
Level 2 laboratory activities refer to the condition where only the problem is
guided and given. Students are required to find the ways and means and
provide the answers to the given assignment using the group creativity and
innovativeness. The activity will enable the students to appreciate independent
learning and prepare them for much harder task of Open Ended Laboratory
activities.
In this laboratory activity students will be introduced to the concept, principles
and the mechanism of an Air Conditioning (AC) System-Air Cooled System.
Nevertheless, student also will be exposed to the main components of an AC
System- Split Unit and the function of the main components.
1.2 Objectives
The objective of this activity is:
1. To explain the basic components of an AC system.
2. To understand the basic operation, concepts and principles of an AC
system.

PREAMBLE

3. To demonstrate the operating system of air cooling in an AC system.

4. To determine the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of an Air
Conditioner.
1.3 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to:
1. Identify and describe the function of the basic main components of an
AC system.
2. Explain and illustrate the basic operation of an AC system.
3. Determine the factors influencing the Coefficient of Performance (COP)
of Air Conditioner refrigerant Cycle.
1.4 Theoretical Background
An AC system handles a mixture of a large amount of dry air with a small
amount of water vapour in indoor space. The water vapour is at the same
temperature as the dry air but exerts only a small partial pressure because
there is not much water vapour present. In order to give a comfort condition to
the building occupants, this indoor air needs to be cooled.
When two objects at different temperatures are placed next to each other, heat
will flow from the warmer of the two objects to the cooler one. The rate at which

FKA, UiTM CAWANGAN JOHOR KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG

JUNE-OCT 2016

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA CAWANGAN JOHOR
KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG
LABORATORY MANUAL
heat is transferred depends on how large the difference is between their
temperatures. This is the principle applied in Split Air Conditioning Model. An
air conditioner does not cool the air, but rather, removes the heat from a
confined space. The refrigeration cycle of the air conditioning system transfer
the heat from indoor space to outdoor space.
2.0 Problem Statement
Split Unit simulates the common types of AC System used in a building. The
unit is equipped with four main components which are evaporator, compressor,
condenser and expansion valve. Each of the components has its own function
to transfer heat, thus providing comfortness to the building occupants. AC
system can provide cool air to the buildings occupants by rejecting the heat
from indoor to the atmosphere.
PROBLEM
STATEMENT

In this laboratory activity, the students are required to observe the components
of the AC system. Student need to identify which part involved in the process of
releasing heat or absorbing heat by checking and recording the temperature
and pressure provided by the equipment. Illustrate the basic operation of the
AC system. Besides, students are also required to study the condition which
might influence the COP of the air conditioner. Each group need to show the
operating curve by plotting the P-H diagram and show the differences of COP
value.
3.1

Apparatus

The group must identify the availability of the chosen apparatus in the lab
before the right procedures can be identified.
3.2
WAYS & MEANS

Procedures

The group is required to find their own approach and search for the relevant
information to prepare procedures in order to do the investigation related to the
objectives and problems mentioned above. Any safety precautions of
conducting the laboratory activities need to be highlighted in the procedure.
3.3

Data Acquisition

The group is required to observe the mechanism of the AC system. All data
collected and observed during the lab activities must be tabulate in proper
format for easy verification and presentation of the technical report.
4

RESULTS

Results, Analysis and Conclusion

The group is required to prepare the technical report of the investigation

highlighting the procedures adopted and data acquisition process which
incorporated the aspects specify in the objectives, learning outcomes and
problem statements. The format of the results, analysis and conclusion is
depends on the group creativity.
The report must be submitted 7 days after the completion of the test.

FKA, UiTM CAWANGAN JOHOR KAMPUS PASIR GUDANG

JUNE-OCT 2016