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Data:
AB
Angles:
= 2.88m
= 19.4m
= 7.3m
75.89
BC
= 8.60m
95.31
CD
9.71
DE
60.08
EA
= 17m
EB
= 16.5m
23.18
BD
162.095
= 18.5m
70.92
Computations:
Triangle 1
1
2
(2.88) h
h = 16.48
2
A = 23.66 m
= 26.06
= 88.02
16.52+ 2.882172
2
16.52 +1722.88
=cos1
=cos
2(16.5)( 2.88)
2(16.5)( 17)
1
=cos1
2 = 95.31
2.882+ 17216.5
2( 2.88)(17)
1
A=
absinC
2 = 75.89
1
A= ( 2.88 )( 17 ) sin ( 75.89)
2
By Herons Formula:
A=23.69m2
A= 18.19(18.192.88)(18.1916.5)(18.1917)
s=
2.88+16.5+17
2
2
A = 23.66 m
s = 18.19m
B
Triangle 2
By base and altitude method:
A=
1
2
(7.3) (16.46)
2
= 60.079 m
2
18.5 +7.3 16.5
16.52 +7.3218.5
=cos1
=cos
2(18.5)(7.3)
2(16.5)(7.3)
=cos1
2
18.52+16.5
7.32
= 62.84
2( 18.5)(16.5)
1
A=
) ( 7.3 ) sin ( 62.84)
2=( 18.5
23.18
A= 60.08 m2
By Herons Formula:
A= 21.15( 21.1518.5)(21.1516.5)(21.157.3)
s=
18.5+7.3+16.5
2
2
A = 60.07 m
s = 21.5m
Triangle 3
By base and altitude method:
A=
1
2
(19.43) (8.13)
2
A = 78.95 m
19.4 2+ 8.6218.52
2(19.4)(8.6)
2
2
By two
sides
and
an 2included angle:
1 18.5 +8.6 19.4
=cos
2(18.5)(8.6)
=cos1
=cos1
1
( 8.6 )( 19.43 ) sin (71.10)
A=
= 226.09
A= 78.96 m 2
By Herons Formula:
A= 23.27 (23.2718.5)(23.2719.43)(23.278.6)
s=
8.6+19.43+18.5
2
s = 23.27
2
A = 78.9599 m
DISCUSSION
The task of this fieldwork is to measure a 5-sided polygonal field using break the
tape method to be able to get the area. We used three equipment in this fieldwork.
The range pole which will determine the endpoints of the measurement, the plumb
bob which will ensure that the tape measure is parallel to the ground, and lastly the
tape measure which is very important because this will be the one that will give us
the measurements.
The first thing to do is to set five points and connect each other to form a
polygonal field. Next is measure the distances of each points. We have also
measured the diagonal so that we can divide the polygon into triangles. After
measuring the sides and the diagonal, we proceed in the computation of the area
using the three methods: by base and altitude, by two sides and an included angle,
and by Herons formula.
CONCLUSION
In this fieldwork, we are tasked to measure the area of a polygonal field using
only the tape measure, plumb bob, range poles, and chalks. This engineering
method of measuring a lot is quite challenging because the sagging of the tape
measure is the major problem that we faced. If the tape measure is not set
perpendicularly with the range pole, there might be errors in the data. This method
gave us a not accurate data. Getting the measurement of the sides of the polygonal
field might be difficult for us using this method but the most important thing is that
we learned about the basic steps in surveying a certain field.
In getting the area of the polygonal field, we have used three methods. The first
one is by the base and altitude, second is by two sides and an included angle, and
lastly, by Herons formula. We have also measured two diagonals and we were able
to form three triangles. By dividing the polygonal field into triangles, we were able
to measure the area of the field by using the three methods mentioned above. We
were able to get almost the same area using the three methods.
In conclusion, by using this surveying method, we cannot assure 100% error-free
data. It is more likely to give a wrong measurement of a given lot. But as long as we
learned the basic steps in measuring a lot, we can assure that whenever we are
tasked to measure a lot, we are able to give a correct measurement. On the brighter
side, the Herons formula will always give correct and reliable result in getting the
area of a certain lot.
RECOMMENDATION
To the future surveying students, I recommend that you should carefully use the
equipment to give an accurate data. Always check if the tape measure is
perpendicular to the range pole. The range pole should always be held vertically.
Somehow, it is not possible to get a 100% error-free data but if you use the
equipment carefully, most likely you will be able to get an almost close value of the
area of the land.
RESEARCH
BREAKING TAPE. The term breaking tape is used to describe the procedure
for measuring directly horizontal distance on sloping ground, or through obstacles
that do not permit the use of full tape length. The procedure used in breaking tape
is the same as ordinary chaining on level ground, except that the distances
are measured by using portions of a tape .Generally, you will start breaking tape
when the slope of the existing ground exceeds 5 percent(this depends also on
the height of the chainmen).The reason for breaking tape is that the chainman on
the lower ground will have difficulty in holding the tape steady and horizontal
when his point of support exceeds his height. You also break tape to avoid
hazardous
measurements, such
as crossing power lines and making
measurements across a heavily traveled highway.