SLOPE/W

2004 5


1 ..........................................................................................................................................5
2 ..........................................................................................................................9
2.1 ............................................................................................................................9
2.2 ................................................................................................................9
2.3 .............................................................................................................. 10
2.4 .................................................................................................. 12
2.5 ...................................................................................................... 16
2.6 .............................................................................................................. 17
2.7 .................................................................................................................. 20
2.8 .................................................................................................. 26
2.9 Janbu .................................................................................................27
2.10 ........................................................................................................ 28
2.11 ....................................................................................................................28
2.12 ............................................................................................................ 29
2.13 ....................................................................................................................30
2.14 ........................................................................................................................31
3 ............................................................................................................................32
3.1 ..........................................................................................................................32
3.2 ...................................................................................................... 32
3.3 Fellenius ..................................................................................... 36
3.4 Bishop ...................................................................................................................40
3.5 Janbu .............................................................................................................42
3.6 Spencer ......................................................................................................... 44
3.7 Morgenstern...........................................................................................46
3.8 .............................................................................................. 49
3.9 LOW-Karafiath ................................................................................................... 54
3.10 Sarma ..................................................................................................................56
3.11 Janbu ...............................................................................................58
3.12 .................................................................................... 59
3.13 ................................................................................ 65
3.14 ............................................................................................ 65
4 ................................................................................................................................65
4.1 .............................................................................................................. 65
4.2 ...................................................................................... 66
4.3 .............................................................................................................. 72
4.4 .................................................................................................. 75
4.5 .............................................................................................................. 77
4.6 .......................................................................................... 81
4.7 ..........................................................................................................................83
4.8 .................................................................................................................. 85
4.9 ...................................................................................................... 87
4.10 ................................................................................................. 92

4.11 .................................................................................................................94
4.12 ......................................................................................... 95
4.13 .......................................................................................................................100
..............................................................................................................................101
5.1 ........................................................................................................................101
5.2 ........................................................................................................................101
5.3 ............................................................................................................ 104
5.4 ....................................................................................................................106
5.5 ............................................................................................................ 106
5.6 ................................................................................................................ 109
5.7 ............................................................................................................ 110
..............................................................................................................................112
6.1 ........................................................................................................................ 112
6.2 .................................................................................................... 112
6.3 .................................................................................................... 114
6.4 ............................................................................................................ 114
6.5 ............................................................................................ 114
6.6 ............................................................................................................ 114
6.6 ........................................................................................ 115
6.7 ................................................................................................ 116
6.9 ........................................................................................ 117
6.10 .......................................................................................... 118
6.11 ...................................................................................... 119
6.12 SHANSEP .................................................................................................... 120
6.13 Hoek and Brown ...........................................................................................121
6.14 .................................................................................................. 127
6.15 ...................................................................................................... 128
6.16 ...................................................................................................... 129
..................................................................................................................................130
7.1 ........................................................................................................................130
7.2 ....................................................................................................................130
7.3 Ru ................................................................................................................... 132
7.4 B-bar ...............................................................................................................134
7.5 ............................................................................................ 135
7.6 ........................................................................................................ 136
7.7 .................................................................................................... 136
7.8 ................................................................................................................ 138
..................................................................................................................139
8.1 ........................................................................................................................139
8.2 .................................................................................... 139
8.3 ........................................................................................................................148
8.4 ........................................................................................................................154
8.5 ................................................................................................................ 156
8.6 ........................................................................................................................159
8.7 ....................................................................................................................159
8.8 ....................................................................................................................160

8.9 ................................................................................................................ 162

8.10 .................................................................................................. 162
8.11 .......................................................................... 163
9 ..............................................................................................................175
9.1 ........................................................................................................................175
9.2 ........................................................................................................ 175
9.3 ............................................................................................................ 177
9.4 ................................................................................................................ 180
9.5 ................................................................................................................ 183
9.6 ............................................................................................................ 186
10 ............................................................................................................188
10.1 ......................................................................................................................188
10.2 ...................................................................................................... 188
10.3 .......................................................................................... 194
10.4 .............................................................................................. 196
10.5 .................................................................................. 198
10.6 ...................................................................................... 198
10.7 .......................................................................................................... 200
10.8 .......................................................................................................... 205
10.9 .......................................................................................................... 206
12 ....................................................................................................................................208
12.1 ......................................................................................................................208
12.2 .......................................................................................................... 208
12.3 GLE ............................................................................. 212
12.4 ...................................................................................... 213
12.5 .......................................................................................... 213
12.6 .............................................................................................. 214
12.7 M-alpha ............................................................................................................ 215
12.8 ..................................................................................................................216
12.9 .......................................................................................... 219
12.10 ........................................................................................ 220
12.11 ............................................................................ 221
12.12 ................................................................................................ 221
12.13 ................................................................................................ 223
12.14 ............................................................................................................ 224
12.15 ................................................................................................................ 225
12.16 ................................................................................................ 226
12. 17 .................................................................... 229

1
20
1916Petterson1955
Gothenberg Stigberg Quay
Fellenius1936-50Janbu1954
Bishop60
Morgenstern and Price1965Spencer (1967)

80

SLOPE/W1977Saskatchewan
D.G. Fredlund
80
PC
1983
PC-SLOPE/W80
CAD
WINDOWSSLOPE/WSLOPE/W

,SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W GeoStudio

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

2
2.1
2003AlbertaKrahnR.M. Hardy

40643660

2.2

20
1916PettersonGothenbergStigberg
Fellenius1936
50Janbu1954Bishop195560
Morgenstern and Price1965
Spencer (1967)80

SLOPE/W

2.3

2-1

Fellenius

2-1

Bishop Bishop

Janbu Bishop
Bishop Janbu Janbu

Morgenstern-Price
Spencer.
2-1SLOPE/W2-2

2-1

Fellenius

Bishop

Janbu

Morgenstern

-1

-2

Lowe-Karafiath

Janbu

Sarma

2-2

E X

X/E X-E

Fellenius

Bishop

Janbu

Morgenstern

-1

-2

Lowe-Karafiath

Janbu

Sarma

X = C + E tan

2.4
Saskatchewan Fredlund 19 70
Fredlund Krahn1977Fredlund 1981 1

- Fm
F f 1967
Spencer
Morgenstern
Price 1965

X = Ef (x )

f ( x)

E
X
22
=0.43 10 f ( x) =0.83 E=100KN
X=E f ( x) =1000.430.83=35.74KNarctan(35.7/100)=19.6
19.6

Fm =

c' R +N R tan '

Wx Nf Dd

Ff =

c' cos +N tan ' cos

N sin D sin

c '

'

N
W

D
, R, x, f , d ,

c' sin + sin tan '

F
sin tan '
cos +
F

W + (X R X L )
N=

N F = Fm N F = F f
, m
X R X L

Fm F f
2-3 Fm F f

2-3
2-1 2-2 Bishop
=0 2-3 =0 Bishop
Bishop

 2-3 =0 Janbu
Spencer Morgenstern-Price 2-3
Spencer Morgenstern-Price
Spencer X/E GLE
M-P
Spencer f ( x) =1.0
arctan
GLE

Fm = F f

GLE Bishop
Bishop
GLE 2-1

2.5
2-1 Spencer

Spencer
Morgenstern-Price Janbu user-specifide
data-point specified
Morgenstern Janbu Spencer
Morgenstern-Price Janbu SLOPE/W

Sarma

Sarma 2-2

2.6

2-4

Bishop
Janbu

2-4


Bishop Morgenstern-Price

2-5

2-6

Bishop
Morgenstern-Price Spencer Bishop


Bishop

2-7
2-7

2-8

1.0

 1.22

2.7

2-92-10 45
Morgenstern-Price

2-11

2-12

2-132-14


2-15


2-16

2-17


1.075
1.076

1.075

1.076

2-18

2.8

Morgenstern-Price Spencer Fm

F f

Lambe & Whitman (1969)

Morgenstern
and Sangrey (1978)..

2.9 Janbu
JanbuJanbu1954
Janbu1957Janbu
1/3

Janbu
overconstrained
Abramson 2002Janbu

Janbu

Janbu

Janbu
Janbu

2.10

GeoStudio SIGMA/W SLOPE/W

2.11

2-19

2-19

2.12

SLOPE/W

 c = 0
= 0

SLOPE/W SLOPE

2.13

2.20

2-20

2-20

Janbu

JanbuGLE

Lambe Whitan 1968P261

total weight

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W

2.14

Morgenstern-Price Spencer SLOPE/W

3
3.1
SLOPE/W

3.2
Saskatchewan Fredlund 20 70 GLE
SLOPE/W GLE
GLE
Fm Spencer1967
GLE Morgensterm
Price(1965)

X = E f ( x)
f ( x) E X
3-1
= 0.43
1.0 10 f ( x) = 0.83 E=100kN

X = Ef ( x) = 100 0.43 0.83 = 35.7kN , arctan(35.7 / 100) = 19.6 10

19.6

GLE
'

Fm

'

(c R + ( N u ) R tan )
=
Wx Nf Dd

'

Ff =

'

(c cos( ) + ( N u ) tan cos a)

N sin a D cos

c '

'

N
W

D
, R, x, f , d ,

vertical

c ' sin a tan '

W + (XR XL)
F
N=
sin a tan '
cos a +
F
N F Fm N F F f
m Bishop
X R X L
GLE Fm F f Fm F f
3-2 GLE

Bishop GLE
Janbu 3-2
Spencer Morgenstern-price(M-P)

 spencer M-P
Spencer X/E GLE
M-P LoweKarafiah

Bishop

Bishop
Slope/w

clipped-sine

Fm F f GLE 3-3
1.283 Slope
-1.251.25 3-3
0.00.6

3.3 Fellenius

Fs =

[c + N tan ] = S
W sin
S

N W cos

resis tan ce
mobilized


W

SLOPE/W

34 14 5kPa
20

Fs =

[c + N tan ] = 1116.75 = 1.18

947.93
W sin

SLOPE/W 35

36 3 13

 3 13

1.18
1.36 1.18 15
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

GLE

3.4 Bishop
19 50 Bishop
Bishop

 Fs

Bishop

Fs

(c + W tan )cos +
=
W sin

sin tan

FS

Fs m m

m = cos +

sin tan
Fs

Bishop SLOPE/W
m Fs Fs m
Fs Fs

37
Bishop

38 Bishop = 0

Fs = 1.36

X = Ef (x )
= 0

Fm
F f

Bishop 12

3.5 Janbu
Janbu Bishop Janbu

39 Janbu
Bishop Janbu 1.16 Bishop 1.36
Janbu

Bishop Janbu = 0 Janbu

= 0 310

Janbu
1
2

3.6 Spencer
Spencer1967

SLOPE/W X E

X = Ef ( x )
Spencer f ( x )
311 Spencer 1.140

312

 = 0.12 Spencer f ( x ) = 1.0

X = E 0.12 1.0

X = 0.12 E

313
0.12

314
19.714/175.970.12
24.742/220.840.12

 0.12 arctan0.12 6.74

Spencer
1
2
3

3.7 Morgenstern
Morgenstern
Morgenstern 1965
Morgenstern
SLOPE/W
( f ( x) )M-P
M-P
315.

 316 lambda M-P

3-17
=0.145
318 0.86 0.146
316.62

X = Ef ( x)
X = 316.620.1460.86

X = 39.7
318

3-18 M-P Bishop

( 0)
Bishop
M-P

Morgenstern

3.8

(
)

3-19

 3-19 0.37 SLOPE/W

3-20 0.37
SLOPE

321
0.37

322 333
2:1
0.5 3-23

 0
6 3-24
0.5


Morgenstern

3.9 LOW-Karafiath
LOW-Karafiath
L-K 3-25 L-K 3-26

0.25 0.5 0

 3-27
0.62
L-K

3.10 Sarma
Sarma1973
SLOPE/W Sarma Sarma
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W
Sarma

Sarma

Sarma
SLOPE/W

c h

0
SLOPE/W Sarma Spencer Morgenstern
( )
3-28 c c= 0 = 30
0.197 0.197*221.51*tan30=25.1 3-28
Sarma
SLOPE/W Sarma

3.11 Janbu
Janbu

1/3

Janbu
Janbu Janbu
SLOPE/W Janbu

Janbu Lowe-Karafiath
Janbu

Janbu

3-29 Janbu (Janbu )

SLOPE/W
1/3
3-29
Janbu

Janbu

Janbu

Janbu

3.12

(1)
(2)

-
SLOPE/W SIGMA/W
SLOPE/W SIGMA/W


3-30 45
3-31.
x y xy
50kPa

x y
xy
1 x y xy
x y xy
2 1 x-y
3 x y xy
4

5
6
7
8 n

S r S m
(Kulhawy 1969; Naylor, 1982)
3-32 1.138
Morgenstern() 1.145,
15%

333

 3-34
Morgenstern
1.849, Morgenstern
1.804

3-35

, LE
FE
FE

LE

3-36

()
3-38

3.13
3.14
4
4.1

 SLOP/W

4.2

X Y
SLOPE/W
4-1

 4-1

3666 SLOPE/W
18
16 12

192122 20SLOPE/W

6
SLOPR/W

4-2
SLOPE/W
216366

 4-2
19212220
4-3
SLOPE/W

4-3

xy
4-4

4-4

4-5

SLOPE/W
4-6

4-5

4-6

4-7

4-7 1.240

 4-7
4-7

c
c 0 0

SLOPE/W

4-8

4-8

4-9

4-9

4.3

4-10 -

- 4-11

4-10

 4-11

4-12

4-12 FORCES

4-13

 4-13

30 15 4-14 SLOPE/W

4-14

SLOPE/W

4.4
4-15

SLOPE/W

 SLOPE/W

4-15

SLOPE/W

4-16

Spencer Morgenstern
Bishop

4-17

4-17

4.5
4-18

1112 13

4-18

4-19

 4-19

45- 2
45 2
SLOPE/W X
90 180 X
20 45
115 130 65
50

SLOPE/W
16
44 2446
162433 3456

4-20
4-19

4-19


4-21

4-21

4-22

 4-22
4-23

4-23

18
4-24 18 1.0
18 1.15

 4-24

4.6

SLOPE/W Entry and

Exit
4-25

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W
4-26SLOPE/W

90 Grid and Radius

Entry and Exit Grid and Radius

4-27 5 216

4.7

Greco1996MalkawiHassan Sarma2001 SLOPE/W

4-28
1.280 1.240

SLOPE/W
4-29

4-30 Block 4-31 Block 1.744

1.609

4-32
1.2
0.96

4-33 SLOPE/W

4.8
SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W Entry and Exit
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
Entry and Exit

SLOPE/W 1000
4-34
1.211 4-35
1.196

SLOPE/W

4.9

Fs =

tan
tan

= =
4-36
26.57 30 1.203 1.15

4-37
Grid and radius


= 0
4-38

4-39

SLOPE/W b b 20 C 0 30
4-40

 4-41

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

 SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

4.10

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W 4-42

 X 120
60
45 + 2

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W

0 1
0 1

 4-43
SLOPE/W
4-43

4-43
45 2

4.11

4-44
4-44
Spencer Morgenstern-Price

1.0

SLOPE/W

4.12

981-999

999

SLOPE/W

Draw Slip Surface

SLOPE/W COUTOUR

981- 4-45
981 SLOPE/W

982- 4-46

SLOPE/W

986- 0 4-47 0
0
SLOPE/W

987- 4-48


SLOPE/W

989- 0 4-49 0
SLOPE/W

992- 4-50

993- 4-51

SLOPE/W

994- GLE Lambda 4-52

Lambda factor of safety versus lambda

995-

996- SLOPE/W

997- 45
45 2
SLOPE/W

 45

998- 4-54

999-SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W 0.01

grid and radius

gird and radius

4.13
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

5
5.1
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W GeoStudio
SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W
SEEP/W SIGMA/W

SLOPE/W

5.2
5-1

5-1

 5-2 6 7

5-3 2 8
37 10

5-4 2-3-11-10

 5-5

5-6

5-6

5.3
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W 5-7
1234

SLOPE/W
30
15 5-8


16

30 30
SLOPE/W
5-9
30

5.4
GeoStudio

SLOPE/W
5-10

SLOPE/W enter-exit

SLOPE/W

X X

5.5
5-11


SLOPE/W

1.0

5-12 7.8405


5-13

30 30
20 20

5-14

5.6
5-15

SLOPE/W

5.7

5-16

5-17
18 100lbs

6
6.1

SLOPE/W

6.2

= c + n tan

c=

n =
=
6-1

6-2 -

 0 6-3 c

c SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W - c

6.3
SLOPE/W - 0
6-3 c

6.4
c 0 SLOPE/W -

c 0 c 0

6.5

6.6
6-4 c
SLOPE/W Phi2 2
Phi2
2 c SLOPE/W -

 SLOPE/W

6.6

6-5
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

c c

0 c
c

6.7

c = c h cos 2 a + cv sin 2 a
= h cos 2 a + v sin 2 a
Alphaa
c c
c
25 c h 20 c v 30 h = 30 0 v = 30 0

c = 20(cos 25) 2 + 30(sin 25) 2 = 21.8

= 30(cos 25) 2 + 35(sin 25) 2 = 30.9 0
c

6.9

c c

6-6 6-6
c 20 c 1.08
-20 c 1.1 1.3 45
1.0

1.0
6-7 SLOPE/W X X

6.10
SLOPE/W

kPa
psf 6-8
SLOPE/W


6-9

6.11

c 610

 6-10
c cu
kPa/m 68 6
9
c c u SLOPE/W
c c cu c cu

6.12 SHANSEP
SHANSEP
Ladd and Foott (1974) Ladd (1991)
SLOPE/W

cu orS u = v' ( )

611 2

 6-11 SHANSEP

B-bar

B-bar

B-bar

B=

u
v

B-bar

SHANSEP

6.13 Hoek and Brown

Hoek Brown

Generalized Hoek-Brown Criterion or the Hoek-Brown Failure

Criterion-2002 Edition

 ci
mi
GSI 0100
D 01
DGSI mi mb

mb = mi exp

(GSI 100)
(28 14 D )

a s

a=

1
+ (e GSI /15 e 20 / 3 )
2

GSI 100
s = exp

9 3D
GSI 100 s 1.0 a 0.5
GSI

1 = 3 + ci mb 3 + s
ci

SLOPE/W 3 1

t = s

ci
mb

1 3 n

ratio

= 1 = 1 + amb mb 3 + s
3
ci

a 1

+ 3 1 3 ratio 1
n = 1

2 2 ratio + 1

= ( 1 3 )

ratio
ratio + 1

SLOPE/W
612 ci = 20, 000kPa (20 MPa ) mi = 10 GSI = 45 D = 1.0

6-12 Hoek-Brown
SLOPE/W

c
mi GSI
Evert Hoek 2000 11

D 0 1
Hoek
2002

6-1 After Hoek2000

Table 6-1 Field estimates of uniaxial compressive strength(After Hoek,2000)
*

MPa

MPa

R6

R5

250

100-250

10

4-10

R4

50-100

2-4

R3

25-50

1-2

R2

5-25

**

R1

1-5

**

R0

0.25-1

**

*Brown 1981
** 25MPa

 6-2 mi after Hoek,2000

Table 6-2 Values of constant mi for intact rock by rock group; values in parentheses
are estimates(after Hoek,2000)

20

20

19
9

18

8-21

10

16

19

25-31

30

33

33

30

28

27

22

20

4-8

19

18

10

16

17

19

17

13

24

19

15

* mi

 6-3 GSIafter Hoek,2000

Table 6-3 Estimates of Geological Strength Index(GSI)based on geological
description(after Hoek,2000)

6.14

s = c ' + n tan ' + ( ua uw ) tan b

ua
uw

b
( ua uw )
b

SLOPE/W
b

'

SEEP/W
b

SLOPE/W
b

b
1
b
'
2
SLOPE/W 0
b

SLOPE/W
b

6.15

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

G + Se
= w
1+ e

w
G
S
e
G = 2.7,

= 10 kN/m3, and e = 0.7.

S=1, 20kN/m3. 80%

( S = 0.8) 19.2 kN/m3, 4
4

slice

6-13

e1.0G2.7 w 10kN/m3S1.0
18.5kN/m3S0 13.5kN/m3

 6-13
Figure 6-13 Different unit weight above and below the water in rock fill

SLOPE/W

6.16

7
7.1

SLOPE/W

7.2
SLOPE/W

7-1

SLOPE/W/W

 0 b

SLOPE/W
7-2
0

Ru B-bar

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

7-3

 A Hw
Hw Hc

H c = H w cos 2 A

A=0 cos 2 A 1Hc=Hw

0 0 1

7.3 Ru
Ru

Ru =

u
tHs

H s
u

u = Ru t H s
Ru Bishop Morgenstern,1960
m, n F = m nRu
Ru
Ru

( SLOPE/W)SLOPE/W

Ru

B-bar Ru B-bar

Ru

7-4 10- Ru 0.2

20kN/ m 3 7.22m
2.14 Ru
7.22m+2.14mx20.0kN/ m 3 x 0.2=37.44kPa(
) 2.14m x 9.81kN/ m 3 =20.99kPa
Ru 58.43kPa


SLOPE/W

0.5

7.4 B-bar
B-bar( B )

B=

u
1

1
SLOPE/W B-bar
SLOPE/W B-bar
Ru B-bar 0.2 7-4
7.22m x
20.0kN/ m 3 x 0.2=28.88kPa; 10 2.14m x
9.81kN/ m 3 =20.99kPaB-bar 49.87kPa.
B-bar

7.5
SLOPE/W
7-5

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W X,Y

Ru

Ru

SLOPE/W
0

0 0

7.6
SLOPE/W
b

SLOPE/W

y - y
b 0

7.7
GeoStudio SLOPE/W

SEEP/W
SEEP/W
SIGMA/W/W
SIGMA/W/W
QUAKE/W
VADOSE/W

SLOPE/W
r,s
r-s

 7-6 7-7 SLOPE/W

SEEP/W
SLOPE/W
7-8

SLOPE/W

7.8

SLOPE/W 7-8

8
8.1

Lambe&Whitman1969

8.2

SLOPE/W

S m S m =

S soil

F of S

S m S m =

S soil
S
+ re inf orcement
F of S
F of S

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W
F of S dependent YES
SLOPE/W
NO SLOPE/W

F of S dependent
F of S
dependentSLOPE/W YES
NO
SLOPE/W NO

F of S dependent YES SLOPE/W

F of S dependent NO SLOPE/W

F of S dependent
SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W
S m
S m

1.0 YES
NO

SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

Wx S

R Nf + kWe Dd Aa = 0

8-1 150kN

8-4


8-5

8-6

1.075 1.076

45. + 2

8-7


F of F dependent NO SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

F of F dependent YES SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

F of S dependent NO SLOPE/W

F of S dependent YES SLOPE/W

8.3
SLOPE/W 8-8

SLOPE/W

Fof S dependent NO
F of S dependent YES

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

8-9 200kN
2

106kN/m 150mm 1.0

1m 50kN 1.3
200kN

 200kN
4m200kN/50kN

200kN
200kN

 6 8-10
200kN

SLOPE/W

8-11
2.8m

 139kN 8-12
200kN

1.19 1.3


8-13 1.3
200kN

SLOPE/W
8-14

SLOPE/W

8.4
SLOPE/W

F of S dependent

=
=
=

8-15 7m
2m

50kN

37.4kN 46.7kN

50kN

SLOPE/W

8.5

8-17

SLOPE/W

F of S dependent
8-18 130kN 30kN/m
1.435

1.85m 55.5kN
1.85 30 55.5 1.435
38.7kN

130kN 1.435
90.6kN SLOPE/W 90.6kN
90.6/30 3m 6.6m
1

c,
SLOPE/W
F / L2 = c +
tan

 c 0 10 1.0
8-19

1 2

SLOPE/W
0
1 0 1
0.5
8-20
1

8.6
SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

8.7
SLOPE/W 8-21

8-22
8-22 100kN

8.8

 8-23

PP =

H 2
K P K P
2

K P 3 12

3.0

8.9

8-24
SLOPE/W

8.10

SLOPE/W

Bishop Janbu

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

8.11

8-25 4 SIGMA/W

SIGMA/W SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W 8-26

8-26 45 + 2

 SLOPE/W
SIGMA/W SIGMA/W

1.29

8-27 8-28

SIGMA/W SLOPE/W
SIGMA/W

8-30
1.28
1.0

 SIGMA/W
SIGMA/W

 8-31

SIGMA/W
SIGMA/W

8-32

1.5
8-33 20

8-34

 8-35

8-36

 Pa Pa

K a = tan 2 (45 2)
30 K a 0.33
3

10m 20kN/m

H 2
20 10 2
Pa =
Ka =
0.33 = 330
2
2
330kN SLOPE/W 1.0
1.0

SLOPE/W
1.0

SLOPE/W
1.0 1.0

SLOPE/W 0
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
1.0
SLOPE/W

SIGMA/W
8-37 1.17

SIGMA/W

SIGMA/W
SLOPE/W 1.52 8-38

 8-39
90kPa 40kPa

SIGMA/W 8-40

SLOPE/W 1.0

 SLOPE/W

SIGMA/W SLOPE/W

9
9.1

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W QUAKE/W

9.2

SLOPE/W

9-1
c c = 0 = 30

 9-1 K = 0.20
0.20
9-2

9-2
SLOPE/W

9-3

9-3


1.102 1.150

9.3

Fh =

a hW
= k hW
g

Fv =

a vW
= k vW
g

a h a v g W

a / g k SLOPE/W k h k v
g k h = 0.2
0.2 g
SLOPE/W 9-4
k h = 0.2 0.2 = 22.697
SLOPE/W k v = 0.1 9-4
113.48 +0.1113.48= 124.83 9-5

 9-4 10 - Morgenstern-Price

9-5 k v

9-6 kW

9-7 25 k hW 0.276.474 = 15.29 6.134

9-6 25 - Morgenstern-Price

9-7

9-8

 9-8 k v

1.0
QUAKE/W

9.4
9-9 10 10
9-10

 9-9

9-10
QUAKE/W 10 9-11 9-12
9-11
9-12
0.02
10 500 10
50

9-11

 9-12
SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W 50
9-13
1.0

9-13

9.5
QUAKE/W
QUAKE/W

dynamic = QUAKE static

9-14
1.0 a y
a y 0.048

9-15 a y
QUAKE/W

9-14

 9-15
a y
9-16

9-16
9-17

 9-17

SLOPE/W

Newmark Newmark
Slide BlockNewmark

Kramer1996p.437
15%
Newmark
Newmark

9.6

1.0
1.0
1.0

QUAKE/W

9-18 QUAKE/W

9-18 QUAKE/W
9-19 c 200 psf 30 50
psf 15 9-20
QUAKE/W

9-19

 9-20 cc

QUAKE/W
QUAKE/W

9-20

QUAKE/W
QUAKE/W

10
10.1

SLOPE/W
Monte Carlo

SLOPE/W
SLOPE/W

10.2
SLOPE/W
1
2
3
4
5

( x u )2

f (x ) =

2 2

u

10-1 28
2

SLOPE/W 5
10-2 23
33

SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
x
10-3

x
68.26x 2 95.44x 3 99.72x
4 99.99x 5
100.00
SLOPE/W 30kPa 5kPa
100 25kPa 35kPa 68.26
20kPa 40kPa 95.44

x x

( ln (( x ) / m ))2

f (x ) =

(x )

2 2


m

1
10-4 1 m 1 0
1
x

m 1

SLOPE/W
18
1 17 10-5

 10-6 10-6
17 19

10-7
10-8

10.3
10-9
20 15 45

 10-10

10.4
10-11 SLOPE/W

10 25
10-12 10-13
1.0

 SLOPE/W

10.5

c -0.72 0.35
c
SLOPE/W c
SLOPE/W 2
-1 1 c
c c

c
10.6

10-14 1.0 1
Monte Carlo
1000 Monte Carlo 980
98 1 10


(1)
(2)

1.5 0.5 1.2 0.1

( 1.0)

1.0

10-15

SLOPE/W SLOPE/W

10.7

10-16

25m 24m

 15kPa 3
5kPa 25kPa 10-17

SLOPE/W

(1)
(2)
(3)
Monte Carlo
10-18 Monte Carlo

 5kPa 25kPa

10-19 10

 10-19 Monte Carlo

10m Monte Carlo

10-20

 10m
Vanmarcke

(ZZ ) =
'

Z 02 (Z 0 ) Z 12 (Z 1 ) + Z 22 (Z 2 ) Z 32 (Z 3 )

( )]

2ZZ ' (Z ) Z '

0.5

Z , Z '

Z0

Z1

= Z + Z 0

Z2

= Z + Z 0 + Z '

Z3

= Z ' + Z 0

Vanmarcke
(Z ) = 1.0

 (Z ) =

Z>

SLOPE/W

19

15m

10

10m

<1

SLOPE/W

10.8
SLOPE/W

 Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo

10.9

10-21

30 25 35 11
20kPa 15kPa 25kPa
20kPa SLOPE/W 11
30 11

0.0 1.0
0 10 25 C 15kPa1
35 C 25kPa
10-22

12
12.1
SLOPE/W GLE

SLOPE/W
GLE

12.2
SLOPE/W GLE

s = c ' + ( n u ) tan '

s
c '
'
n
u

2
12-1 12-2

W b h
N

S m
E L R
X L R
D
kW

R S m

f f

x
e
d
h

a L R

A L R
x

12-1

12-2
12-3

12-3

s (c ' + ( n u ) tan ' )

Sm =
=
F
F

n =

12-1 12-2

 12-1

4n

12-2

n-1

n-1

n-1

Sm

6n-1

GLE
12.3 GLE

Fm

F f

Fm F f

GLE
GLE

12.4
12-1 12-2 12-3

Wx S

Nf

kWe Dd

Aa = 0

S m
'

Fm

(c R + ( N u ) R tan ' )
=
Wx Nf + kWe Dd Aa

12.5
12-1 12-2 12-3

(E

E R ) ( N sin ) + ( S m cos ) (kW ) + D cos A = 0

( E L E R ) 0

S m
Ff =

(c' cos + ( N u ) tan ' cos )

N sin + kW D cos A

12.6

( X L X R ) W + N cos + S m sin D sin = 0

S m

c' sin + u sin tan '

+ D sin
F
sin tan '
cos +
F

W + (X R X L )
N=

F
Fm
F f
F X L

X R N

N = W cos kW sin + [D cos( + 90)]

FelleniusFellenius W.

W
N=

c' sin + u sin tan '

+ [ D sin ]
F
sin tan '
cos +
F

Bishop Janbu

12.7 M-alpha
m
12-4
m tan ' /F m
tan ' /F
tan ' /F
tan ' /F

cos
1
tan '
=
=
m m
sin tan
F

N S m

m
1 m

 12-4 F m
m

1 < 45

'
2

1 < 45 +

'
2

m
m

SLOPE/W m 1.010-5

12.8

( EL ER ) N sin + S m cos kW + D cos = 0

E R = EL +

(c' u tan ' ) cos

tan ' cos
+ N(
sin ) kW + D cos
F
F

EL=0

Morenstern-Price1965

X = Ef ( x)

f ( x)
12-5

 12-5
constant- Half-Sine- Clipped-Sine-
Trapezoid-Specified-
12-6
1 2
E 100kN 0.5 1 2
f ( x) 0.45 X f ( x) =0.45

=0.5

E=100kN

X=1000.50.45=22.5kN
0
0.5

 12-6

12.9

Mohr-Coulomb

s = c'+( n ua ) tan '+ (ua u w ) tan b

ua
uw
b

c
b

12.10

Sm =

(c'+( n ua )) tan '+(ua u w ) tan b

F

SLOPE/W b '
SLOPE/W

12.11
SLOPE/W
b
SLOPE/W

b
b '

b '
15 20

12.12

Fellenius

4-6
Bishop
Janbu

 GLE

SLOPE/W
Fm=1-

SLOPE/W
2/3

f ( x)

/
GLE 12-7

12-7

12.13
GLE
12-3
12-4

12-3

 12-4

12.14

N ui xiyi i=1N u Mxy

N

u ( x, y ) = P( x, y ) + i K (hm hi )
i =1

Pxy

Kh
h
h=hm-hi (hm hi ) = ( xm xi ) 2 + ( ym yi ) 2
i Kriging
SLOPE/W P( x, y ) = a + bx + cy

K (h) = (0) + h 2 log h

(0)
(a, b, c, 1 , 2 ,, N )

xy uxy

u ( x, y ) = a + bx + cy + (i (hm hi ) 2 log(hm hi ))
i 1

x1y1 a0=0K0=0
ux1y1=u1x1y1, K0=a1 ux1y1u1

(0) = (1) 0

(0) u ( x, y ) = P( x, y ) = a + bx + cy

12.15

GLE-

Spencer

12.16
SLOPE/W SIGMA/W/W
GEO-SLOPE/W

SLOPE/W
S.F.
Sr Sm
S.F. S .F . =

S
S

Mohr-Coulomb

S r = s = (c'+ ( n ua ) tan '+ (ua uw ) tan b )

Sm = m

Local S .F . =

S r s
=
S m

n m SIGMA/W/W

SIGMA/W/W
SLOPE/W/E

SIGMA/W/W
SIGMA/W/W x y xy

SIGMA/W/W

f =< N > {F }

f
< N >
F

0.5770.577
1.731.73
12-8

 12-8

x y xy

n m

n =

x + y x y
+
cos 2 + xy sin 2
2
2

m = xy cos 2

x y
sin 2
2

x x
y y
xy x y
x

12. 17

SLOPE/W Monte Carlo

SLOPE/W

Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo

1.Spencer
2.
3.

4. 1
1000 Monte Carlo 980 98
1 10.0
SLOPE/W

Monte Carlo

Monte Carlo

SLOPE/W

1.
2.
3.
4.

Monte Carlo
SLOPE/W 0
1.0

c -0.72 0.35 c
SLOPE/W c
cSLOPE/W
2
-1 1 c
c
c c

SLOPE/W 2

k
N1
N2

Na
Monte Carlo
Monte Carlo

Nmc

Monte Carlo

0 100

80 1.28
10 100 1000
90 1.64 67
4489 300763
100