Contoh Bangunan Sustain

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Sustainable Strategies for High Rise

Buildings
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RussellGilchristRIBA
Practice leader Skidmore Owings & Merrill LLP
PracticeleaderSkidmoreOwings&MerrillLLP,
Chicago,USA
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DMC TOWER SEOULC
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Seoul,, Korea: DMC Tower
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Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP
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CONVENTIONAL TOWER
INTEGRATIVE TOWER
IMPERMEABLE BLOCK
PERMEABLE / ADAPTAVE / INTERACTIVE
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SUN
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Solar radiation
on the upper
portion of the
solar engine
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WIND
STACK EFFECT
Wind blowing
over the top of
the solar
engine.
Natural
N
t l
occurrence
with tall stacks
AIR RELIEF
TECHNOLOGY
WIND TURBINES
WIND
AIR BUOYANCY
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WIND
VERTICAL CORE
AIR INLETS
WIND TURBINES
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Solar Engine
SOLAR CAP
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An invention that couples

together three strong,
naturally occurring forces into
a singular linear and laminar
air stream capable of being
harnessed as wind energy
via building integrated wind
turbines.
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GLAZING
TYPES
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ABSORPTION
CYLINDER
COMBINATION
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CROWN CAVITY
LOWER MECHANICAL
ROOM
SUSTAINABILITY: WIND TURBINES
Use of on-site wind energy reduces environmental impacts

associated with energy production and fossil fuel energy use
use.
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SUSTAINABILITY:
WINDTRANSITION SEASON
The Seoul, Korea climate is favorable for natural

ventilation during a significant part of the spring,
summer and fall.
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FRESH AIR
POWER
DAY LIGHT
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BURJ KHALIFA DUBAI
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BURJ KHALIFA
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BURJ KHALIFA
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WHITE MAGNOLIA PLAZA
SHANGHAI
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North Bund
White Magnolia Plaza
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Ice Storage
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Ice storage is the most reliable and cost-effective

cost effective way for cooling buildings during peak cooling demands.
The main purpose of a thermal storage system is to create thermal energy at night and store it for use
during the day.
Benefits:
p
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Reduced
R d
d energy costt
Variable capacity
Improved system reliability
Reduced maintenance
Environmentally friendly
Proven technology
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Cost:
Systems with ice storage can be installed at the same or lower initial cost than traditional systems when
it has colder water supply available from ice.
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TOWER RSA
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SustainableStrategies
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Climate
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Climate
Psychrometric Chart
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Computational Fluid Dynamics
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Condition 1
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Condition 2
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Condition 3
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Condition 4
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Condition 5
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Renewable Energy Daylighting of Atrium
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Renewable Energy Wind Power
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Renewable Energy Solar Hot Water
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Conditioning Systems
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Residences Fan Assisted Natural Ventilation
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Residences AC Cooling
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Residences Natural Ventilation from Central Ventilated Core
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Office - Cooling
Solar Analysis
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Solar Radiation on Facade
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South Face
Spring/Fall
South Face
Winter
South Face
Summer
West Face
Winter
East Face
Summer
West Face
Summer
Solar Analysis
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Base ((no shading)

g)
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Vertical Shading
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(26% reduction)
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Horizontal
H
i
t l Shading
Sh di
(17% reduction)
Diagonall Shading
Di
Sh di
(28% reduction)
Energy Efficiency
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Energy Efficiency
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16%
energy savings
+
34%
potential renewable
p
energy generation
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p
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50%
%
less energy
from the grid
Water
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Potable water reduction strategies
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Potable water reduction
35%
Black water reduction
27%
27%
65%
Grey water reduction
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PEARL RIVER TOWER

GUANGZHOU
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PERFORMANCE
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HIGH PERFORMANCE ARCHITECTURE ?
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STRATEGIES
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Energy Efficient Equipment
Underfloor Ventilation with

Radiant Ceiling
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High Performance Facade
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Wind Turbines
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Daylighting
100%
Photovoltaics
On-Site Generation
FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS
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REDUCTION
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RECLAMATION
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PASSIVE
ABSORPTION
G
GENERATION
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S
Step
1
REDUCTION
Radiant
R
di t C
Cooling
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High Performance Glazing
Daylight Responsive Controls
High Efficacy Lighting
Demand Based Ventilation
Low Discharge Ventilation
High Efficiency Plant
High Efficient Office Equipment
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Step
2
RECLAMATION
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Chiller Heat Recovery

Generator Heat Recovery
Exhaust Air Heat Recovery
Condensate Recovery
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S
Step
3
PASSIVE
ABSORPTION
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Building Wind Turbines

Integrated Photovoltaics
Geo-Condenser Cooling
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Step
4
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GENERATION
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Micro Turbines
CHINA
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h
Area
Total: 9,596,960 sq
q km
Land: 9,326,410 sq km
Water: 270,550 sq km
p
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China
Population
1,313,973,713 (est. July)
Climate
Extremely diverse; tropical
in south to sub arctic in
north.
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- CIA World Fact book
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Guangzhou
Hong Kong
GUANGZHOU CITY, CHINA
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GUANGZHOU CITY, CHINA
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Area
Total: 7,434 sq
q km
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Population
8,000,000 +
Climate
Sub-Tropical
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Pearl River
Tower Site
B
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Pearl River
New Town
CLIMATE & SITE
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BASE CASE
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2.2 million sq. ft.

Headquarters Building
Chinese Energy Code Compliant Building
20,854,997,467
Lbs of CO2
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CO2 Molecule
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CRADIATION
CAPTURING SOLAR
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SOLAR RADIATION
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Units
1800+
1720-1800
B
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1640-1720
1560-1640
1480-1560
1400-1480
1320-1400
1240-1320
1180-1240
1080-1180
1000-1080
BIPV s
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BUILDING
INTEGRATED
PHOTO VOLTAICS
PHOTO-VOLTAICS
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BIPVss EAST FAADE & TURBINE APERTURES

BIPV
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C LIGHT
HARVESTING NATURAL
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ENTRY LOBBY- NORTH ENTRANCE

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OFFICE AREAS
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C ENERGY
HARNESSING WIND
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WIND ANALYSIS
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WIND GENERATION
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P = V3
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WIND TURBINE GENERATORS

Upper Tunnel
340
350
10
20
330
320
340
30
330
40
0.8
0.6
310
60
0.4
290
70
0.2
280
290
80
280
H
U
270
260
250
B
T
240
230
220
110
200
190
C
180
90
270
100
260
110
120
130
140
150
170
o
C
300
160
Tunnel Wind Speed (V/Vref)
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p
320
50
310
300
t
h
Lower Tunnel
0
10
20
30
40
0.8
50
0.6
60
0.4
70
0.2
80
90
100
250
110
120
240
130
230
140
220
150
110
200
190
180
170
160
Approach Wind Speed (V/Vref)
STATIC PRESSURE
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VELOCITY VECTORS
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WIND TURBINE GENERATORS
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VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES
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Wind Turbines
Battery
B
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Battery
H
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Battery
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C
ON SITE CO-GENERATION
H
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INSTALLATION OF MICRO-TURBINES
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C
OCCUPANCY COMFORT
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p
oSENSE OF
H
WELL-BEING
U
B
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RADIANT COOLING & FLOOR-FED VENTILATION SYSTEMS
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28
26
24
22
p
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20
18
16
14
H
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Radiant Cooling
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INSIDE OUT RETURN AIR PATHS
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RADIANT COOLING WITH FLOOR FED VENTILATION (FFV)
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85.0
84.0
83 0
83.0
p
o
82.0
81.0
80.0
79.0
78 0
78.0
76.0
75.0
H
U
74.0
73.0
72 0
72.0
71.0
B
T
70.0
69.0
68.0
67.0
66.0
65.0
t
h
CO1S02r 0.3 cfm/sf, T = 31C

88F, (88F),
65F ceiling,
63F
63F
65F
Return
Chilled
ceiling
Chilled
Air(base
Ceiling
Ceiling
at Perimeter
simulation)
at 55w/m
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FAADE SYSTEMSC
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HIGH PERFORMANCE GLAZING & SHADING SYSTEMS
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envelope as
thermal regulator
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Solar energy is collected within the

buildings double wall faade. The
energy is transferred to the mechanical
floors and is used as the heating for the
dehumidification system
system.
SOLAR RADIATION [W/M2]
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Aug 08
Angle ~ 77
77
Nov 11
Angle ~ 46
46
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HUMIDITY
H
INFILTRATION
AND
CONTROL
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B
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STACK EFFECT INFILTRATION- SUMMER
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STACK EFFECT INFILTRATION - WINTER
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R adiant C o oling
Pearl D es ign Bas eling
H ighh Effic ienc y Equipm eent
H ig h Performanc e G lazz ing
-5000000
20000000
p
o
O n-Site G eneraation
30000000
G eothermal C oooling
Reduction
Wind T urbbines
35000000
Integratedd PV
40000000
H eat R ec o v ery
25000000
D emad Bas e V
Vent
5000000
H igh Effic ienc y Plant
10000000
D ay lig ht R es pons iv e C onttrols
15000000
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H igh Effic ienc y Light ing
Baseline
"N o F low " F eatuures
THE PATH TO LOW ENERGY
Reclamation
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Absorption
G
Generation
ti
Ra
adiant Cooling
Pearl Dessign Baseling
C
High Efficiency Equipment
High Performance Glazing
B
T
High Efficien
ncy Lighting
10000000
5000000
H
U
Reduction
30000000
25000000
15000000
p
o
Wind Turbines
W
35000000
In
ntegrated PV
40000000
He
eat Recovery
20000000
Demad Base Vent
High Efficciency Plant
Daylight Responssive Controls
Baseline
"No Flo
ow" Features
THE PATH TO LOW ENERGY
Reclamation
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Absorption
Base Case:
Design Case:
2.2 million sq. ft.
Headquarters Building
Chinese Energy Code Compliant Building
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20,854,997,467 Lbs
of CO
B
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8,759,098,936
C Lbs of CO
CO2 Molecule
FOCUS: ht
g
How do we balance
i
r
a paybackytimeline
p
with first
costs?
o
C
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ENERGY CONSUMPTION (KWH/SQM)
t
h
58% Overall Reduction
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5
4
3
H
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1
0
Cooling
Pumps
Baseline Case
Fans
Design Case
Lighting
EFFICIENCY OF MATERIALS
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21 Meters
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Base Case
Design Case
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5 Additional Floors
(100,000 sq ft.)
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IMPROVED NET TO GROSS AREA RATIO USING WATER BASED

COOLING
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H
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8% Less Core per Floor
B
T
CUMULATIVE INVESTMENT IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE MEASURES
500000
t
h
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Decreased Cost of Energy

Increased
I
dR
Rentt ffrom Additi
Additionall Floors
Fl
Increased Rent from Floor Efficiency
p
o
400000
RMB
300000
Payback
Occurs in
4.8 Years
200000
H
U
B
T
100000
-100000
0
10
11
12
13
YEAR
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
EXTERIOR WALL VISUAL MOCK-UP
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SITE PHOTOGRAPHS JAN 2010
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t
CIVILIZATIONS LEAVE MARKS ON THE EARTH h
BY
WHICH THEY ARE KNOWN AND JUDGED.rig
y
IN LARGE MEASURE THE NATURE OF THEIR
p
IMMORTALITY IS GAUGED BY HOW
WELL THEIR
o
BUILDERS MADE PEACE WITH
C
THE ENVIRONMENT. H
U
B
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C
- NATHANIEL OWINGS
THE AMERICAN AESTHETIC 1969
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H
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y

Sustainable Strategies for High Rise

DMC TOWER SEOULC

Seoul,, Korea: DMC Tower

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

PERMEABLE / ADAPTAVE / INTERACTIVE

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

An invention that couples

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

SUSTAINABILITY: WIND TURBINES

Use of on-site wind energy reduces environmental impacts

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

The Seoul, Korea climate is favorable for natural

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Ice storage is the most reliable and cost-effective

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Computational Fluid Dynamics

Renewable Energy Daylighting of Atrium

Renewable Energy Wind Power

Renewable Energy Solar Hot Water

Residences Fan Assisted Natural Ventilation

Residences Natural Ventilation from Central Ventilated Core

Solar Radiation on Facade

Base ((no shading)

Potable water reduction strategies

Potable water reduction

Black water reduction

Grey water reduction

PEARL RIVER TOWER

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

HIGH PERFORMANCE ARCHITECTURE ?

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Energy Efficient Equipment

Underfloor Ventilation with

High Performance Facade

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Chiller Heat Recovery

FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

Building Wind Turbines

FOUR STEPS TO OPTIMAL HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

- CIA World Fact book

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

GUANGZHOU CITY, CHINA

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

GUANGZHOU CITY, CHINA

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

CLIMATE & SITE

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP

2.2 million sq. ft.

Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP