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Governor controls
Power (Frequency)
Boiler controller
controls Pressure
Pengendalian
Emisi Gas
IO Card
Channel
AI
348
AO
83
DI
1.877
DO
1.158
Total
3.466
2
PEMBAKARAN SEMPURNA
Proses
pembakaran
dimulai
dengan
memanaskan bahan bakar di atas suhu
pengapian dalam kehadiran oksigen. Di bawah
pengaruh panas, ikatan kimia dari bahan bakar
dibagi.
Jika pembakaran sempurna terjadi, unsurunsur karbon (C), hidrogen (H) dan sulfur (S)
bereaksi dengan kandungan oksigen dari
udara untuk membentuk karbon dioksida CO2,
H2O uap air dan sulfur dioksida SO2 dan
Oksida Nitrogen NOx
OBJEK
LOKASI
TUJUAN
O2 & CO
Efisiensi Pembakaran
SO2,NOx, CO,
CO2, HCL,
CH4
Volume emisi
Partikel/Debu
Shelter Approach
$150K
Listrik 5 KW minimum
Slide 10
Kesulitannya :
Needs AMC
Slide 11
Dilution Probe
Extractive stack gas analyser
System requirement :
Electricity 5 KW minimum
Slide 12
Slide 13
No.
Description
Routine
A
maintenance cost
B Consumable cost Rp. x2/- year
Power
Rp. x3/- year
C
consumption
Total operating & Rp. X1+x2+x3 /- per
maintenance cost year
Slide 15
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Pitot tube
Thermal anemometer
Triboelectric correlation
Bi-directional ultrasonic
Infrared correlation
17
Thermal anemometer
Static
pressure
Differential
pressure
Velocity
pressure
Type L Pitot tube
Automated systems are prone to blockage
Unsuitable for irregular, cyclonic or angular flow
Unsuitable with high level particulates or aerosols
Complex installation
18
Bi-directional Ultrasonic
Infrared correlation
Simple installation
Average across entire duct
Suitable for high temperatures
High efficiency air purges
Unaffected by condensates and dust
build-up
Suitable for turbulent flow
Suitable for large or small ducts
20
Optical scatter
Triboelectric probe
Single pass transmissometer
Double pass transmissometer
Double beam transmissometer
21
Light
source
Detector
Measures in a very small
zone local to duct wall
Measured zone not consistently representative
In-duct reflections cause zero errors
Unsuitable for large ducts or high dust levels
22
T3. Transmittance
Received
energy Ir
Transmitted
energy Io
Transmittance T = Ir/Io
T4. Opacity
Received
energy Ir
Transmitted
energy Io
%opacity = (1-T)x100
This is the measurement preferred by US EPA
23
Beam splitter
Light source
Measurement
Light
detector
source
Autocollimating
reflector
Control detector
24
Light source
Mirror
Beam
splitter
Detector
25
TELE MONITORING
26
TERIMAKASIH
27