Footcareinterventionbaseonriskcategorize

No.

1.

Statement

EducationDiabeticfootcareskills:(Armstrong et al., 2007: Level I; Cisneros, 2010: Level I;

Lawrence et al., 2007: Level I; LeMaster et al., 2016: Level I; Yuko et al., 2011: Level I)
Dailyfeetinspection(injury,pain,colorchange,swelling,redness,breaksintheskin,etc.)including
1.1
areasbetweenthetoes(Armstrong et al., 2007: Level I; Lawrence et al., 2007: Level I;
LeMaster et al., 2016: Level I; Yuko et al., 2011: Level I)
Regularwashingoffeetwithcarefuldrying,especiallybetweenthetoestoes(Armstrong et al.,
1.3
2007: Level I; Lawrence et al., 2007: Level I; LeMaster et al., 2016: Level I; Yuko et
al., 2011: Level I)
Adviceonbuyingshoes:Shoesinteriormustbe12cmlongerthanthefoot.Lowheels(<5cm).Fasten
1.5 shoeswithlacetoholdfootbackinshoe,wearingsocksreducesfrictiontoes(Armstrong et al.,
2007: Level I; Lawrence et al., 2007: Level I; LeMaster et al., 2016: Level I; Yuko et
al., 2011: Level I)
1.7 Demonstrationofproperpedicure(Yukoetal.,2011:LevelI;Armstrongetal.,2007;LevelI).

Highriskgroup
I

risk

II

III

1.8

Watertemperature<37C(Yukoetal.,2011;LevelI)

1.9

Nouseofaheatertowarmthefeet(Yukoetal.,2011;LevelI).

1.10 Avoidingbarefootwalking(toes(Lawrence et al., 2007: Level I; LeMaster et al., 2016:

Level I; Yuko et al., 2011: Level I)
Useofsomecreamsfordryskin,tineapedisandonychomycosisathomeforinfectioncontrol (Lawrence et
1.11
al., 2007; Level I; Yuko et al., 2011: Level I)
2.

Low

Nursedemonstrateregularfootcareandaskthepatienttodoredemonstrate

(Lawrenceetal.,2007;LevelI;LeMasteretal.,2016:LevelI;Yukoetal.,2011:LevelI)
Washing feet, cutting nails, removing callus (Lawrence et al., 2007; Level I; Yuko et
al., 2011: Level I)

Use of creams for dry skin, tinea pedis and onychomycosis (Lawrence et al., 2007;
Level I; Yuko et al., 2011: Level I)
Vascularconsultationwithwoundcarecertifiednurseasneeded:acold,pink,painfulfootisan
indicationofsevereischaemiaandrequiresurgentvascularintervention(Yukoetal.,2011;LevelI)

2.2

Dermatologyconsultationasneeded:Whentraumaticwoundsprogresstofootulcer,requiresurgent
dermatologyinterventionandpatienteducationonneedforrest,regulardressings,earlyreportingof
problems(Yukoetal.,2011;LevelI).
Everythreemonths

FootCareIntervals

Every6months

4.

Onceayear

3.

Every13months

2.1