Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

APPENDIX B : PROJECT SPECIFICATION FORM

A. Project Title
Location Based Services using Android Mobile
Operating System

B. Brief description on project background

Location based Services offer many advantages to the mobile users to retrieve the information
about their current location and process that data to get more useful information near to their
location. With the help of A-GPS in phones and through Web
Services using GPRS, Location based Services can be implemented on Android based smart
phones to provide these value-added services: advising clients of current traffic
conditions, providing routing information, helping them find nearby hotels. In this paper, we
propose the implementation of Location based services through Google Web Services and Walk
Score Transit APIs on Android Phones to give multiple services to the user based on their
Location. The idea of using the mobile handsets and phones is to deliver the valuable services
except the basic communication that had been started in the early 1990s when Internet was
added in Voice Telephony. Location-based services or LBS [1] refer to a set of applications that
exploit the knowledge of the geographical position of a mobile device in order to provide
services based on that information.
Location-based services (LBS) provide the mobile clients personalized services according to
their current location. They also open a new area for developers, cellular service\ network
operators, and service providers to develop and provide value-added services: advising clients
of current traffic conditions, providing routing information, helping the users to find nearby
shopping malls. Location-based services offer many merits to the mobile clients. For the mobile
user, the examples of locationbased
services [2] are:
To determine the nearest business or service, such as an Bank or Hotels
Receiving alerts, such as notification of Sale in Shopping Mall or news of Traffic Jam nearby.
Friend finder or receiving the location of the stolen phone. Location based Services can be
classified in 3 categories
[1]a) Public Safety / Emergency Services
The location of the client can be determined by the mobile carrier hence it finds great use during
Emergency since it can be used during the emergency/health hazard to locate the mobile
clients.
b) Consumer Services
Now days, smart phones like (Android, Blackberry and iPhone) provide a set of location based
applications and services which helps the users to access the multiple
services based on the user location.
Maps Navigation- The users can use the Google Maps to get to the particular location or to
trace the route between any two locations.
Marketing /Advertising- Many corporate companies advertise their items based on the
location of the clients. For Example Sale in Shopping Mall near to your location.
Location based Reminders- The phones can be used to
set as the reminder based on the location. For e.g. - Setting the Location based Alarm while
traveling in the train
Preferred Location Search- The user can also initiate the search of any nearby ATM or Restaurant
within
5/10/15 kms range from his current present location. There are two methodologies to implement LBS [3]-

Appendix B - 1

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

To process location data in a server and to forward the generated response to the clients.
To find location data for a mobile device-based application that can use it directly.
The current cell ID is used to locate the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) that the mobile phone is
interacting with and the location of that BTS. It is the most basic and cheapest method for this
purpose as it uses the location of the radio base station that the cell phone is connected to. A
GSM cell may be anywhere from 2 to 20 kilometers in
diameter. Other approaches used along with cell ID can achieve location granularity within 150
meters. The granularity of location information is poor due to Wide Cell Range. The advantage
is that no additional cost is attached to the handset or to the network to enable this
service.

C. Brief description of project objectives. (i.e. scope of proposal and deliverables)

Project Objectives
Location-based service is another key functionality that gets used in smart phone applications. It
is often combined with maps to give a good experience to the user about their
location. Android support LBS Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) [7]. Location service
allows finding out the device current location. The application can request for periodic
update of the device location information. The application can also register a intent receiver for
proximity alerts like when the device is entering and existing from an area of given longitude,
latitude and radius.
3.1 Android Location API
These are the different classes present under Location API package to retrieve the Location
information of the user.
LocationManager- The class provides access to the location service. It also provides facility
to get the best Location Provider as per the criteria.
LocationProvider- Its an abstract super class for
location providers. A location provider provides periodic reports on the geographical location of
the device.
LocationListener- This class provides callback methods which are called when location gets
changed. The listener object has to be registered with the location manager.
Criteria- The class provides the application to choose suitable Location Provider by providing
access to set of required properties of the LocationProvider. Android also provide an API to
access the google maps. So with the help of the google maps and the location APIs the
application can show required places to the user on the map.
3.2 Google Places API
On 10 May, 2011, at the Google I/O developer Conference in San Francisco, Google announced
the opening up and general availability of the Google Places API. The Google Places API [8] is
a service that returns data about Places defined within this Web Service as, spatial locations,
or preferred points of interest using HTTP requests. Place response specifies locations as
latitude/longitude coordinates.
The four types of requests are available with the Google Places APIThere are 4 fundamental
Place services available:
Place Searches - It returns an array of nearby Places based on a location defined by the
user.
Place Details - It returns more specific data about a

Appendix B - 2

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

user defined Place.

Place Check-ins - It allows the request that a person has checked in to a Place. Check-ins is
used to gauge a Place's popularity; frequent check-ins will boost lace's priority in application's Place
Search responses.

Place Reports - It allows the users to add new locations to the Place service, and to delete
Places that the application has added to the database. The Google Places API [8] has the
following limitations on the query processing:
Users are allowed only 1000 requests per 24 hour period which are having the API Key.
Clients who have also validated their identity through the APIs console are allowed 100 000
requests for 24 hours period. A credit card is required for authentication, for enabling billing.
3.2.1 Place Searches
A Place Search request is an HTTP URL defined in the following way
either of the following values
json shows the response in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)
xml shows output as XML. Table 1: Place Search API Arguments.

Where output may be

Arguments Description
Location (required)
The latitude/longitude about which place information is to be found out. This must
be defined as latitude, longitude.
Radius (required)
Distance (in meters) about which to show Place results. types (optional) Limit the results to
places matching at least one of the pre defined types. Types must be separated with a pipe
notation (type1|type2|etc).\
Language (optional)
The language code, showing in which language the results must be shown, if
possible. name (optional) A term to be mapped against the names of
Places. Results will be limited to those having the name.

D. Brief description of the resources needed by the proposal.

The following are the list of those hardware resources that required for developing and running the
system -:
Android Studio is the official[4] integrated development environment (IDE) for Android platform
development.
It was announced on May 16, 2013 at the Google I/O conference. Android Studio is freely available
under the Apache License 2.0.
Android Studio was in early access preview stage starting from version 0.1 in May 2013, then
entered beta stage starting from version 0.8 which was released in June 2014. [5] The first stable build
was released in December 2014, starting from version 1.0.
Based on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software, Android Studio is designed specifically for Android
development.[7] It is available for download on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux,[8][9] and
replaced Eclipse Android Development Tools (ADT) as Google's primary IDE for native Android
application development.

Appendix B - 3

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

System requirements
Version 2.x

OS version

Windows

OS X/macOS

Linux

Microsoft Windows 10/8/7

(32- or 64-bit)

Mac OS X 10.9.5 or higher, up to

10.11.6 (El Capitan) or 10.12 (Sierra)

GNOME or KDE
desktop

RAM

2 GB RAM minimum, 8 GB RAM recommended

Disk space

500 MB disk space for Android Studio, at least 1.5 GB for Android SDK, emulator
system images, and caches

Java version

Java Development Kit (JDK) 8

Screen
resolution

1280x800 minimum screen resolution

Version 1.x
Windows

OS X

Linux

Mac OS X 10.8.5 or higher, GNOME or KDE or Unity

Microsoft Windows
up to 10.10 to up 10.10.2 desktop on Ubuntu or
OS version 10/8.1/8/7/Vista/2003/XP (32 or
up 10.10.3 or 10.10.5
Fedora or GNU/Linux
64 bit)
(Yosemite)
Debian

RAM

2 GB RAM minimum, 4 GB RAM recommended

Disk space

500 MB disk space

Space for
Android
SDK

At least 1 GB for Android SDK, emulator system images, and caches

Appendix B - 4

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

JDK version

Java Development Kit (JDK) 7 or higher

Screen
resolution

1280x800 minimum screen resolution

E. Academic research being carried out and other information, techniques being learnt.
F: Brief description of the development plan for the proposed project
Location based service (LBS) is emerging as a killer application in mobile data
services thanks to the
rapid development in wireless communication and location positioning technologies.
Users with
location-aware wireless devices can query about their surroundings (e.g., finding the
nearest
restaurant or all shopping malls within 10 miles) at any place, like AIRPOT,
ATM,BANK,BOOK STORE, BUS STARION, CAFE, CLOTHING, DENTIST, DOCTOR ,
FOOD, GYM HEALTH, HOSPITAL, PARK, PARKING, PIZZA, RESTAURANT, SCHOOL
SHOPPING MALL , ETC.anytime. While this ubiquitous
computing paradigm brings great convenience for information access, the
constraints of mobile
environments, the spatial property of location-dependent data, and the mobility of
mobile users pose
a great challenge for the provision of location-based services to mobile users.
Over-view of location based Services:
LBS have two major actions, that is:
1. Obtaining the location of user
2. Utilizing this information to provide a service.
LBS Application
This represents a specific application such as a find my friends application. This
consists of a
Smartphone component, which has a number of sensors, and potentially a server
component that ncludes application-specific data (such as location-tagged
information
LBS Middleware
This wraps access to Core LBS Features (Location Tracking, GIS Provider and
Location Collection
Services) to provide a consistent interface to LBS applications.
Location Tracking
This component stores the location trace of individual users. This represents a
fundamental

Appendix B - 5

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

component in next-generation LBS as it contains the data that allows a users route
to be determined
and potentially predicted. In particular, this component would typically support the
following
functionality:
1. Keep records on users current and past locations.
2. Notify other components when a specific user has moved, or when they move in
or out of an area.
This supports location-based notifications being sent to users.
3. Determine which users are within a defined location this supports geocasting
features.
4. Queries of location trace to generate user movement models
GIS Provider
This component provides geospatial functionality for many LBSs including map
information, map
visualization and directory services. Google Maps with its API can be considered a
GIS provider.
Location Collection Service
This component performs location collection to get a latitude and longitude for a
specific user.
Depending on the technology, this component may be accessed via the LBS
Middleware (e.g.,
mobile network triangulation via a service provider) or directly (e.g., via GPS
receiver in the
Smartphone).
Android provides access to the above components to facilitate the implementation
of LBS services
through the help of following classes;
1. Location Manager
2. Location Provider
3. Geocoding
4. Google-Map
Location Manager
Location Manager Class of android is present to manage all other components
needed to establish a
LBS system.
Location provider
Location provider represents the technology to determine the physical location i.e.
to handle GIS.
Location Provider component of Android application is a present to facilitate the
determination of
available provider and selection of suitable one.
Finding the List of Available Location Provider To get a list of names for all the
providers available on the device, call get Providers, using a Boolean to indicate if
you want all, or only the enabled, providers to be returned:

G. Brief description of the evaluation and test plan for the proposed project
a. Navigation users get route maps to a particular destination, real time traffic
routing that takes into account actual congestion patterns etc.
Appendix B - 6

Final Year Project

Knowledge Management System

b. Location based advertising advertisements of discounts or offers from a store as

the user comes within the vicinity.
c. Location based reminders users can enter in to-do lists, whose location
information is activated when the user passes by, for instance, pick up shopping or
laundry etc.
d. Family and friend finder allows users to keep track of the location of their
children, relatives or friends, with the informed consent of these subscribers. e.
Location based search allows users to access local services, or find even more
detailed
information such as listings and ratings of movies playing in theaters nearby etc.
f. Location based mobile gaming which began a decade ago has larger scope now as
positioning and handset technology have improved considerably.
3. Enterprise services:
LBS enables firms in fleet and asset tracking, field service dispatching, route and
delivery
optimization, and mobile workforce management.

Appendix B - 7