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Preparing the next generation of

Watershed Management
Development Programmes
Review and Assessment of
Watershed Management Strategies
and Approaches
Food and Agricultural Organization of the
United Nations (FAO)

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Background
FAO-ICIMOD expert consultation
in Kathmandu, Nepal (1985)
Since then, much progress has
been achieved
Emerging key issues

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Emerging key issues

Sharing of lessons learned


Role of participation
Realistic results of projects
Replicability and sustainability
Development of institutions and
legal arrangements
Supporting policy framework

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Objectives of the review


Assess achievements and gaps in watershed
management approaches and methods
Identify lessons learned and major issues
from FAO experience and others, 1990-2000
Identify guidelines for formulation and
implementation of next generation
watershed management programmes
Contribute to implementation of Agenda 21,
Chapter 13 and observance of IYM 2002

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Concrete Steps
Consultations with technical divisions in
FAO/key actors involved in watershed
management
Inventory and analysis of FAO watershed
management projects 1990-2000
Assessment of existing reviews of
watershed management experience
within and (outside) FAO
Case studies for in-depth review of key
issues and identification of good
practices

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Concrete steps (2)


Regional workshops
to share experiences
and lessons learned
to contribute to the
assessment process

Dissemination of
results:
Publication/Conservatio
n Guide on future
watershed
management
projects/programmes
website

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Stocktaking Preliminary
Recommendations

Future WSM development projects/programmes

Paradigm Shift in WSM


Present Scenario

Future Scenario

1. Treating symptoms of WS
degradation

1. Treat underlying causes

2. Priority on offsite/downstream costs &


benefits

2. Equal priority to onsite costs


& benefits

3. Project design that


3. Design that assures govt
overestimates govt capacity & capacity and policy changes
assumes changes in policy

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Paradigm shift WSM


Present Scenario

Future Scenario

4. Top down research


& development &
transfer of technology
driven by donors,
education & research
institutions

4. Stakeholder
participatory learning
and technology
development process
that builds on
indigenous technology
& addresses local
research needs

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Paradigm shift WSM


Present Scenario

Future Scenario

5. Diffuse focus of
WSM that often
maximizes production
of watershed resources
& commodities with
less emphasis on the
water resource

5. Sustainable
multiple-use mgmt
that combines water
resources development
with compatible land
use production
systems

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Paradigm shift WSM

Present Scenario

Future Scenario

6. Assimilation of
integrated rural
development
approaches into
WSM development
projects
and programmes

6. Multiple-use mgmt
of natural resources
(renewable and
nonrenewable) in
uplands with
emphasis on water &
soil resources;
implemented by
relevant line agency

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

FAO/EOMF
European Regional Workshop
A group of 29 professionals from 20
countries and 11 international
organizations gathered in Megve on 4
September with the following objectives:
Assess and identify achievements and existing gaps
in watershed management programmes in Europe
Identify lessons learned and principal issues emerging
from past experiences in the region
Identify guidelines for the formulation and
implementation of the next generation of watershed
management programmes

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Workshop Agenda
Nine Technical papers presented
and discussed
Three working groups convened to
discuss:

1. Technologies/Approaches
2. Research and Technology Transfer
3. Socio-economic Aspects

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Working Groups Conclusions


Technologies/Approaches
Awareness raising at different levels
Need for information at local, national
levels and neglected aspects
Better planning, monitoring and evaluation
Upstream/Downstream relationships
Policy with water (quality/quantity/timing)
and appropriate institutional and
organisational arrangements
Legislation

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Technologies/Approaches
Financing (payment for watershed services,
Government commitment)
Techniques and desired results
(Sustainability and replicability, prevention
instead of restoration)
Watershed management concept for the
future
(Rural programme development versus water
resources conservation and sustainable use ?)
Scale of watershed management with
respect to impact (Local, Reg., National)

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Research and Technology Transfer


Imbalance of data on mountain environments in
EU, i.e., most of the data is for the Alps.
Need for research decision making process with
links between researchers-land managers-users.
Need for process based concepts & models
across temporal and spatial scales.
Need for methodology to determine the carrying
capacity of mountain watersheds. e.g. impacts of
human activities - tourism, rural development,
road density, etc.
Need for global network for watershed
management with pro-active capability for
sharing information and databases.

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Socio-economic Aspects
Because of socio-economic
complexity: WSM programmes
should be designed with
multifunctional criteria
Collaborative design and
management involving all
stakeholders is a prerequisite for
effective watershed management
Need for a dynamic monitoring
process as a decision support tool

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Socio-economic Aspects
Focus on upstream-downstream linkages
and related impacts including flows of
resources and environment services
Identify/promote flexible incentive
schemes that can be adjusted to changes
in environmental, socio-economic and
institutional components
Careful consideration of local expectations
in combination with cost-benefit and risk
analysis should be conducted at different
levels (e.g. household, community, etc.)

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Proposal
The Workshop brings forward a proposal made
by the representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina
agreed upon by the participants:
The tragic flood events of summer 2002 in central
Europe has hightened the awareness of all concerned
parties and high level authorities on the urgent need to
consider the importance of the integrated and
participative movement in watershed management
in a way that considers preventive, long-term and
scale adapted approaches in the perspective of the
EU enlargement, subsidies and policies reform.

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Feedback and Information


For any suggestions,
comments, and
questions
contact:
Moujahed.Achouri@fao.org
Larry.Tennyson@fao.org
zingari.oefm@wanadoo.fr

More information on the


web:
www.mountains2002.org

Preparing the Next Generation of Watershed Management Projects

Thank you for your


attention

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