APLIKASI SENYAWA KOMPLEKS RUTENIUM

Selective oxidative transformations of various functional groups with

environmentally friendly and easily accessible oxidants can be readily
achieved with the use of a proper ruthenium catalyst. Ruthenium catalysis
can be a very powerful tool in synthetic chemistry for selective catalysis of
such oxidative transformations as: asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes,
generation of dioxygen species, dihydroxylation of olefins, and oxidative
dehydrogenation

of

alcohols.

Ruthenium catalysts are also widely employed in metathesis reactions,

with Grubbs catalysts being the most well-known in the field of olefin
metathesis. The wide popularity of Grubbs catalysts can be explained by
their high tolerance of various functional groups, and their high stability in
the

air

and

plethora

of

solvents.

Sigma-Aldrich is proud to be the exclusive research scale supplier of

Materias ruthenium metathesis catalysts, including first- and secondgeneration Grubbs and Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts. Our wide offering of
Materias ruthenium catalysts contains products with unique reactivities
and tailored

initiation rates. These ruthenium

catalysts

allow for

metathesis reactions to be performed at low temperatures, as well as for

the

formation

Applications

of

tetrasubstituted
of

Materias

olefins

via

cross

Ruthenium

Ring-Closing Metathesis (RCM)

Cross-Metathesis (CM)

Enyne Metathesis

Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

metathesis.
Catalysts:

Tris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) dichloride
97%
Synonym: Dichlorotris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II),
Ruthenium(II)-tris(triphenylphosphine)

dichloride,

Tris(triphenylphosphine)dichlororuthenium

Linear Formula [(C6H5)3P]3RuCl2

Catalyst employed in a synthesis of furans from allenyl sulfides. [1]

C-H Activation Catalyst in a Ruthenium/Lewis Acid System[2

Judul Jurnal Transition-metal-catalyzed rearrangement of allenyl sulfides:

a route to furan derivatives.
Lingling Peng, Xiu Zhang, Ming Ma, Jianbo Wang

Katalis dengan menggunakan

(fenil propargil Sulfide)

Chemistry: A European Journal 2008-01-01

Cross-coupling reaction between alcohols through sp3 C-H activation
catalyzed by a ruthenium/Lewis acid system.
Shu-Yu Zhang, Yong-Qiang Tu, Chun-An Fan, Yi-Jun Jiang, Lei Shi,
Ke Cao, En Zhang

Dihydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II)

Synonym: Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium

dihydride

Linear Formula [(C6H5)3P]4RuH2

Catalyst for hydration of nitriles, isomerization of alkynes,Knoevenagel

reactions and conjugate additions, and transferhydrogenation
Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction

The Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction is a classic organic synthesis,

described by Emil Knoevenagel in the 1890s. The Knoevenagel reaction is
a modified Aldol Condensation with a nucleophilic addition between an
aldehyde or ketone, and an active hydrogen compound in the presence of
a basic catalyst, resulting in CC bond formation. The active hydrogen
compound contains a CH bond which can be deprotonated by the basic

catalyst. The reaction is usually followed by spontaneous dehydration

resulting in an unsaturated product.1

Z, Z' (electron withdrawing groups) = CO2R, COR, CHO, CN, NO2, etc.
Knoevenagels use of primary and secondary amines, and their salts as
catalysts

provided

an

early

foundation

for

the

study

of

aminocatalysts.2 Research continues into synthetic methods using the

Knoevenagel condensation

with

novel

new

catalysts

and reaction

activation being reported:

Microwave

and

ultrasound

Solvent

reactions36

irradiated

conditions7,8

free

synthesis9

Solid-phase
Photochemical condensation with fruit extracts as catalysts
Aplication

Catalyst

alkynes,Knoevenagel
transferhydrogenation

for

hydration

reactions

and

of

nitriles,

conjugate

isomerization
additions,

of
and

Cis-Bis(2,2-bipyridine)dichlororuthenium(II) hydrate

C20H16Cl2N4Ru xH2O

Application
cis-Bis(2,2-bipyridine)dichlororuthenium(II)

hydrate

was

used

in

the

preparation of [Ru(m-) 2,2-bipyridine)3]2+(PF6-)2. [1] It was used to

prepare an intermediate for the development of nanocomposite junctions
with Au nanoparticles
Reviewed papers in
1. Syntheses,Crystal Structures, and Spectral Properties of a
Series

of

Precursors

3,8-Bisphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
of

Derivatives:

3,8-Bis(4-mercaptophenyl)-1,10-

phenanthroline and Its Ruthenium(II) Complex for Preparing

Nanocomposite Junctions with Gold Nanoparticles between 1
m Gap Gold Electrodes Huang W, et al. Inorg. Chem. 47,
468?480
2. Electroluminescence in Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bernhard
S, et al J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 13624-13628

Chlorohydridotris(triphenylphosphine) ruthenium(II) toluene adduct

Linear Formula HRuCl 3(P(C6H5)3) C6H5CH3

Application
Reactant
Dithiolate-bridged

for
ruthenium-rhodium

synthesis
heterobimetallic

complex
Amido / phosphine pincer hydrides of ruthenium

of:
dihydride

Chlorodicarbonyl(1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(II)

Synonym: Dicarbonylchloro[(1,2,3,4,5,-)-1,2,3,4,5pentaphenylcyclo-2,4-pentadien-1-yl)]ruthenium
C37H25ClO2Ru

Application
Reactant
Synthesis

for:
of

cyclopentadienyl

ruthenium

dicarbonyl

catalyst []
exchange[]

Ligand

Formation of cyclopentadienyl ruthenium alkoxycarbonylcomplexes with

coordinated

bonds[]

C:C

Catalyst
(S)-Selective

for:
dynamic

Stereoselective

kinetic

synthesis

of

resolution

of

neonicorinoide

secondary
pesticide

alcohols []

derivatives []

Divergent asymmetric synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted piperidines[]

Citation
Metal catalyst used in conjunction with enzymes for enantioselective
transformations via dynamic kinetic resolution

Referensi
Highly efficient synthesis of enantiopure diacetylated C(2)-symmetric diols
by

ruthenium-

and

enzyme-catalyzed

dynamic

kinetic

asymmetric

transformation (DYKAT).
Beln Martn-Matute, Michaela Edin, Jan-E Bckvall
Highly efficient synthesis of enantiopure diacetates of 2,4-pentanediol and
2,5-hexanediol starting from commercially available mixtures of the diols
(dl/meso approximately 1:1) has been realized by combining a fast
ruthenium-catalyzed epimerization with an enzymatic transesterification.
The in situ coupling of these two processes produces the diacetates in
high yield in >99 % enantiomeric excess.